Visual stereoscopic display system and method based on liquid crystal dynamic regulation and control

Abstract

The visual stereoscopic display system comprises a display layer, a first substrate layer, a liquid crystal regulation and control layer, a second substrate layer and a voltage control module, the liquid crystal regulation and control layer is arranged between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer, the display layer is arranged on the side, away from the second substrate layer, of the first substrate layer, and the voltage control module is arranged on the side, away from the second substrate layer, of the first substrate layer. The liquid crystal regulation and control layer comprises a first electrode, a micro-lens array, a liquid crystal layer and a second electrode, the first electrode is arranged on the side, facing the second substrate layer, of the first substrate layer, the micro-lens array is arranged on the side, facing the second substrate layer, of the first electrode, and the liquid crystal layer is arranged on the side, facing the second substrate layer, of the micro-lens array; the second electrode is arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer, and the voltage control module is used for connecting and controlling the voltage of the first electrode and the second electrode. According to the method, the problem of dynamic adjustment of the 3D display depth is solved, and information encryption can be realized only aiming at a specific target.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stereoscopic display technology, and more specifically to a visual stereoscopic display system and method based on dynamic control of liquid crystal. Background Technology

[0002] Among numerous 3D display technologies, shutter-based and polarized 3D technologies, which require special glasses, suffer from drawbacks such as discomfort, inconvenience in carrying, and high costs for multiple users, greatly limiting their application in public settings and mobile devices. In contrast, glasses-free 3D display technology eliminates the need for auxiliary equipment, allowing direct perception of the stereoscopic effect and effectively addressing these pain points. With its convenient and intuitive advantages, it has become a research hotspot and core direction in the field of 3D display, enjoying widespread popularity.

[0003] Currently, naked-eye 3D technology is achieved by setting a grating in front of the display screen. Based on the parameters of the grating, an algorithm is used to synthesize several parallax images into a 3D image. The display screen shows this 3D image. After the grating splits the light, the 3D image forms a viewpoint of the corresponding parallax image at the corresponding position. When the human eye is at the viewpoint, a stereoscopic effect can be seen.

[0004] A common problem with current glasses-free 3D technology is that current glasses-free 3D display systems typically use static optical structures, resulting in a preset and unadjustable depth representation of stereoscopic images. Display devices struggle to achieve depth modulation to meet the diverse needs of different targets within the 3D image.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a visual stereoscopic display system and method based on liquid crystal dynamic control to solve the problem of how to achieve dynamic adjustment of 3D display depth. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a visual stereoscopic display system and method based on liquid crystal dynamic control, thereby solving the problem of how to achieve dynamic adjustment of 3D display depth.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control is characterized by comprising a display layer, a first substrate layer, a liquid crystal control layer, a second substrate layer, and a voltage control module. The liquid crystal control layer is disposed between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer. The display layer is disposed on the side of the first substrate layer away from the second substrate layer. The liquid crystal control layer includes a first electrode, a microlens array, a liquid crystal layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate layer facing the second substrate layer, the microlens array is disposed on the side of the first electrode facing the second substrate layer, the liquid crystal layer is disposed on the side of the microlens array facing the second substrate layer, and the second electrode is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate layer. The voltage control module is used to connect and control the voltage of the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0009] To optimize the above technical solution, the specific measures also include: Furthermore, both the second electrode and the first electrode are planar electrodes, strip electrodes, or point electrodes.

[0010] Furthermore, the first and second electrodes are made of transparent conductive materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the second electrode is at least two rows of staggered strip electrodes, and the first electrode is a point electrode.

[0012] Furthermore, a method of use, applied to the above-mentioned visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control, is characterized by: Let the effective refractive index of light passing through the liquid crystal modulation layer be... The expression is:

[0013] in, and Here, represents the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer, respectively, and V is the driving voltage. The direction is the deflection angle of the pointer; Set display depth The expression is:

[0014] Where f is the focal length and N is the number of sub-pixels covered by a single lens; The voltage control module is used to connect the first electrode and the second electrode, and to control the driving voltage V to adjust the corresponding effective refractive index. ; Assuming the driving voltage V is 0-aV, when the voltage control module applies 0V, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is at its maximum, and the system is in 3D display mode. When the voltage control module applies aV, the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens are equal, so no refraction occurs when light passes through, and the system switches to 2D planar display mode. When the voltage control module applies bV, 0 < b < a, the focal length f changes accordingly, and the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen is adjusted.

[0015] Furthermore, a method of use, applied to the above-mentioned visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control, is characterized by: Let the effective refractive index of light passing through the liquid crystal modulation layer be... The expression is:

[0016] in, and Here, represents the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer, respectively, and V is the driving voltage. The direction is the deflection angle of the pointer; Set display depth The expression is:

[0017] Where f is the focal length and N is the number of sub-pixels covered by a single lens; The voltage control module is used to connect the first electrode and the second electrode, and to apply independent driving voltages V to different spatial regions between the first electrode and the second electrode to adjust the corresponding effective refractive index. ; Assuming the driving voltage V ranges from 0 to aV, when the voltage control module applies 0V, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is at its maximum, and the system is in 3D display mode. When the voltage control module applies aV, the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens are equal, so no refraction occurs when light passes through, and the system switches to 2D planar display mode. When the voltage control module applies bV, 0 < b < a, the focal length f changes accordingly, thus adjusting the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen. When the voltage control module applies independent driving voltages within the range of 0-aV to different spatial regions, the focal length f of different spatial regions changes accordingly, and the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen is adjusted accordingly.

[0018] Furthermore, a method of use, applied to the above-mentioned visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control, is characterized by comprising the following steps: It also includes an eye-tracking module with a built-in decryption algorithm. The eye-tracking module includes face recognition and orientation verification functions. The eye-tracking module is electrically connected to the voltage control module. After scanning the product's QR code, the eye-tracking module receives the corresponding encrypted image and automatically triggers facial recognition to verify if the operator is an authorized customer. If the recognition does not match, the verification fails. If the identity verification is successful, the orientation verification process begins. This process checks if the observer's viewing orientation meets preset requirements. If the orientation is off or incorrect, the verification fails. If the orientation verification is successful, the encrypted image is decrypted using a voltage control module. The decrypted image is then output from the display layer at the specified viewing orientation. The customer observes whether the output image matches the agreed-upon image. If it does not match, the verification fails; if it does, the verification succeeds.

[0019] Furthermore, the encryption of the encrypted image includes the following steps: The original true-color secret image is read and split into three independent color channels: red, green, and blue, to obtain three sets of continuous-tone grayscale images. The dithering algorithm is used to perform halftone processing on each color channel, converting the continuous-tone grayscale images into binary images with visual density, which are then used as input for the subsequent encryption process. A 1->m pixel expansion mechanism is used, where m is the number of sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block. For each pixel in the resulting binary image, it is mapped to the corresponding x-axis position in two shared images, share1 and share2. x sub-pixel block, where x is the number of sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block, both horizontally and numerically, since each pixel is expanded to x. The x sub-pixel blocks ultimately generate two shared images that are enlarged to x times the size of the original image in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions, with a total area that is x times the area of ​​the original image. 2 times; A predefined set of sub-pixel blocks, pattern, consisting of r standard distribution patterns, is defined, where the value of r depends on x. The weight h of the number of black sub-pixels in the x-sub-pixel block; for each standard distribution pattern All are a single x A binary matrix of x, where In terms of visual presentation, this binary matrix is ​​represented as x Within the grid of x, there are h opaque sub-pixels randomly distributed and x 2 -h transparent sub-pixels; For each pixel to be encrypted in the obtained binary image, the specific mapping logic is as follows: a sub-pixel block is randomly selected from the set patterns as the sub-pixel distribution of share1 at the corresponding coordinates. If the pixel to be encrypted is white, then the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is exactly the same as that at the corresponding coordinates of share1; if the pixel to be encrypted is black, then the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is completely complementary to that at the corresponding coordinates of share1. The above encryption process is executed in parallel on the R, G, and B channels, and finally the two color shared images corresponding to share1 and share2 are synthesized as the encrypted image.

[0020] Furthermore, the decryption algorithm includes the following steps: performing a logical XOR operation on the encrypted image to achieve logical decryption, and the logically decrypted image overlay_XOR=~xor(share1,share2).

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: downsampling the logically decrypted image using bilinear interpolation, restoring the size to the original scale while using interpolation to check x. The binarized color components within the x-neighborhood are averaged and fused, and then output.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The system of this invention, through the setting of liquid crystal control layer 2 and voltage control module 5, can use voltage control module 5 to precisely control and adjust the voltage of the electrodes in liquid crystal control layer 2, thereby changing the effective refractive index of liquid crystal control layer and realizing dynamic adjustment of 3D display depth; this system can realize dynamic zoning adjustment of 3D display depth and display only for specific targets, realizing information encryption. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a visual stereoscopic display system based on dynamic liquid crystal control proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth working mode of a visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth working mode of a visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the display depth variation of a visual stereoscopic display system based on dynamic liquid crystal control proposed in this invention. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal control layer of a visual stereoscopic display system based on dynamic liquid crystal control proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first working mode of a visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of a visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the 3V voltage state of a visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage process of a visual stereoscopic display system based on dynamic liquid crystal control proposed in this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the encryption and decryption process of a visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of the visual stereoscopic display system based on dynamic liquid crystal control proposed in this invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Second substrate layer; 2. Liquid crystal control layer; 3. First substrate layer; 4. Display layer; 5. Voltage control module; 201. Second electrode; 202. Liquid crystal layer; 203. Microlens array; 204. First electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 5As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a visual stereoscopic display system based on dynamic liquid crystal control, comprising a display layer 4, a first substrate layer 3, a liquid crystal control layer 2, a second substrate layer 1, and a voltage control module 5. The liquid crystal control layer 2 is disposed between the first substrate layer 3 and the second substrate layer 1. The display layer 4 is disposed on the side of the first substrate layer 3 away from the second substrate layer 1. The liquid crystal control layer 2 includes a first electrode 204, a microlens array 203, a liquid crystal layer 202, and a second electrode 201. The first electrode 204 is disposed on the side of the first substrate layer 3 facing the second substrate layer 1, the microlens array 203 is disposed on the side of the first electrode 204 facing the second substrate layer 1, the liquid crystal layer 202 is disposed on the side of the microlens array 203 facing the second substrate layer 1, and the second electrode 201 is disposed between the liquid crystal layer 202 and the second substrate layer 1. The voltage control module 5 is used to connect to and control the voltage of the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201.

[0027] By setting up a liquid crystal control layer 2 and a voltage control module 5, this invention can precisely control and adjust the voltage of the electrodes in the liquid crystal control layer 2, thereby changing the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal control layer and realizing dynamic adjustment of the 3D display depth.

[0028] In the above scheme, the display layer 4 is a display screen, which can be an active display device such as LED or OLED, or a passive display device such as LCD. Furthermore, to ensure the display effect of this system, the refresh rate of the display screen must be at least 60Hz, such as 120Hz, 180Hz, or 240Hz.

[0029] The first substrate layer 3 is located on the display layer 4 on the side where the image is displayed, and the second substrate layer 1 is located on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal control layer 2. The first substrate layer 3 and the second substrate layer 1 can be made of glass substrates. The lenses in the microlens array 203 can be made of materials such as resin, PET, silicon, or liquid. The liquid crystal layer 202 is filled between the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201 and is tightly attached to the microlens array 203.

[0030] In a specific embodiment based on the above, both the second electrode 201 and the first electrode 204 are planar electrodes, strip electrodes, or point electrodes.

[0031] In another specific embodiment based on the above, the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201 are made of a transparent conductive material, such as ITO.

[0032] In another specific embodiment based on the above, the second electrode 201 is at least two rows of staggered strip electrodes, and the first electrode 204 is a point electrode. In this scheme, the second electrode 201 is at least two rows of staggered strip electrodes. This arrayed electrode structure allows the voltage control module 5 to apply independent voltage signals to different spatial areas of the screen. For example, the system applies a 3V voltage to the left area to display near depth, and a 1V voltage to the right area to display far depth.

[0033] As attached Figure 6 Appendix Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 As shown, a method of use is applied to the above-mentioned visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control. The second electrode 201 and the first electrode 204 of this system are both planar electrodes, strip electrodes, or point electrodes, and include the following: Let the effective refractive index of light passing through liquid crystal modulation layer 2 be... The expression is:

[0034] in, and These represent the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer 202, respectively, and V is the driving voltage. The direction is the deflection angle of the pointer; Set display depth The expression is:

[0035] Where f is the focal length and N is the number of sub-pixels covered by a single lens; The voltage control module 5 is used to connect the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201, and to control the driving voltage V to adjust the corresponding effective refractive index. ; Assuming the driving voltage V is 0-aV, when the voltage control module 5 applies a voltage of 0V, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is at its maximum, and the system is in 3D display mode. When the voltage control module 5 applies aV, the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens are equal, i.e., N1=N0, so no refraction occurs when light passes through, and the system switches to 2D planar display mode. When the voltage control module 5 applies a voltage of bV, 0<b<a, the focal length f changes accordingly, and the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen is adjusted.

[0036] In the above scheme, dynamic modulation of the light field is achieved using the liquid crystal modulation layer 2. The physical mechanism is based on the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules and the gradient refractive index (GRIN) effect induced by a non-uniform electric field. Due to the optical anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules, their effective refractive index... Dependence on the deflection angle of the director of the liquid crystal molecules When the voltage control module 5 applies a driving voltage V to the electrode, an induced electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer 202, causing the liquid crystal molecules to rotate and the direction vector to deflect by an angle. Correspondingly, by changing the driving voltage V, the difference in refractive index N0 between the liquid crystal layer 202 and the lenses in the microlens array can be continuously adjusted, thereby changing the composite focal length f of the entire system. Due to the presence of the microlens array 203, the electric field distribution of the liquid crystal layer 202 at the edge and center of the microlens array 203 exhibits non-uniform characteristics, thus causing the liquid crystal molecules to form a continuously changing refractive index distribution in space, i.e., forming a gradient refractive index lens effect.

[0037] Specifically, if the facility is supplied with 0-5V voltage, then: The first working mode of this system, 3D mode: apply 0V voltage, that is, the voltage control module 5 applies 0V voltage to the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201. At this time, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is the largest, and the system is in 3D display state.

[0038] The propagation direction of the light path is as follows: first substrate layer 3, first electrode 204, microlens array 203, liquid crystal layer 202, second electrode 201, second substrate layer 1. Voltage control module 5 applies a 0V voltage to the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201. At this time, the refractive index N0 of the lenses in the microlens array 203 is greater than the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal. sinθ0=N1 Since sinθ1 gives θ0 < θ1, this embodiment operates in 3D mode.

[0039] The second working mode of this system, 2D mode: Apply a 5V voltage, that is, the voltage control module 5 applies a 0V voltage to the first electrode 204 and a 5V voltage to the second electrode 201, so that the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal matches the refractive index N0 of the lens, that is, N1=N0, and no refraction occurs when light passes through it, and the system switches to the 2D planar display state.

[0040] The propagation direction of the light path is as follows: first substrate layer 3, first electrode 204, microlens array 203, liquid crystal layer 202, second electrode 201, and second substrate layer 1. The voltage control module 5 applies a 0V voltage to the first electrode 204 and a 5V voltage to the second electrode 201. At this time, the refractive index N0 of the lens in the microlens array 203 is equal to the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal, so the refraction angle of the light remains unchanged. In this case, this embodiment operates in 2D mode.

[0041] The third operating mode of this system is the dynamic depth adjustment mode: A 0-5V voltage is applied, meaning the voltage control module 5 applies 0V to the first electrode 204 and 0-5V to the second electrode 201, causing the focal length f to change accordingly based on the displayed depth. The expression: The system can achieve precise control over the depth of 3D images entering or leaving the screen by dynamically adjusting f.

[0042] When a 3V voltage is applied, the propagation direction of the light path is sequentially: first substrate layer 3, first electrode 204, microlens array 203, liquid crystal layer 202, second electrode 201, and second substrate layer 1. The voltage control module 5 applies 0V to the first electrode 204 and 3V to the second electrode 201. At this time, the refractive index N0 of the lenses in the lens array is greater than the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal. sinθ0=N1 Since sinθ2, θ0 < θ2. In this case, the embodiment operates in 3D mode. However, the focal length of this embodiment is less than the focal length under the condition of applying 0V voltage. Therefore, from ΔD = f (2N-1) Therefore, the display depth of this embodiment is less than the display depth when a 0V voltage is applied.

[0043] As attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown, a method of use is applied to another visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control, wherein the second electrode 201 of the system is at least two rows of staggered strip electrodes, and the first electrode 204 is a point electrode, comprising the following: Let the effective refractive index of light passing through liquid crystal modulation layer 2 be... The expression is:

[0044] in, and These represent the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer 202, respectively, and V is the driving voltage. The direction is the deflection angle of the pointer; Set display depth The expression is:

[0045] Where f is the focal length and N is the number of sub-pixels covered by a single lens; The voltage control module 5 is used to connect the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201, and to apply independent driving voltages V to different spatial regions between the first electrode 204 and the second electrode 201 to adjust the corresponding effective refractive index. ; Assuming the driving voltage V ranges from 0 to aV, when the voltage control module 5 applies 0V, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is at its maximum, and the system is in 3D display mode. When the voltage control module 5 applies aV, the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens are equal, so no refraction occurs when light passes through, and the system switches to 2D planar display mode. When the voltage control module 5 applies bV, 0 < b < a, the focal length f changes accordingly, thus adjusting the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen. When the voltage control module 5 applies independent driving voltages within the range of 0-aV to different spatial regions, the focal length f of different spatial regions changes accordingly, and the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen is adjusted accordingly.

[0046] In this embodiment, in addition to the three working modes mentioned above, the system also includes a fourth working mode.

[0047] As attached Figure 4 As shown, specifically, if a 0-5V voltage is applied to the facility, then: Different voltages correspond to different DOF (Depth of Field) and CDP (Central Design Point). DOF1-DOF6 correspond to 4V, 3V, 2V, 1V, 0V and 5V respectively, while CDP1-CDP5 correspond to 4V, 3V, 2V, 1V and 0V respectively.

[0048] The propagation direction of the light path is as follows: first substrate layer 3, first electrode 204, microlens array 203, liquid crystal layer 202, second electrode 201, and second substrate layer 1. At this time, the second electrode 201 consists of two rows of staggered strip electrodes. The voltage control module 5 applies 0V to the first electrode 204 and applies 0-5V voltages to the strip electrodes in the second electrode 201 respectively. Thus, this embodiment can operate in the 3D display depth dynamic partitioning adjustment mode.

[0049] This system can meet the needs of dynamic depth reconstruction of specific visual targets in complex application scenarios.

[0050] In the above scheme, the refractive index of the liquid crystal increases with the increase of voltage, with the 0V liquid crystal having the smallest refractive index and the 5V liquid crystal having the largest refractive index.

[0051] The variation patterns of the system's key optical parameters—depth of field (DOF) and central design point (CDP)—under different voltages.

[0052] Center Design Point (CDP): This refers to the spatial plane position where the stereoscopic display system achieves optimal imaging quality and perfect parallax image fusion under a specific voltage. It determines the "reference depth" in which 3D objects are presented in space.

[0053] Depth of field (DOF): refers to the range of depths in front of and behind a CDP (Center for Viewing Depth of Field) where the human eye can still perceive a clear stereoscopic effect. The size of the DOF directly affects the immersiveness and viewing comfort of stereoscopic vision.

[0054] The refractive index of liquid crystals increases with increasing voltage, reaching its minimum at 0V and its maximum at 5V. This change in refractive index directly alters the system's composite focal length f, thereby shifting the image spatial position.

[0055] As the voltage gradually increases from 0V (CDP5) to 4V (CDP1), the liquid crystal deflection angle increases, and the refractive index difference between the liquid crystal layer 202 and the lenses in the microlens array 203 decreases. This process causes a continuous change in the convergence capability of this embodiment, resulting in a controlled displacement of the center design point CDP of the stereoscopic image in the spatial depth direction. In this way, the system can dynamically place the 3D target in the area most comfortable for the viewer's vision based on the content of the image.

[0056] DOF1 to DOF5 correspond to drive states from 4V to 0V, respectively. As the voltage is adjusted, the system not only changes the position of the 3D image but also simultaneously scales the effective imaging depth range. In low voltage states, such as 0V (DOF5), the refractive index difference is at its maximum, providing the greatest display depth. In high voltage states, such as 4V (DOF1), the system operates in a more refined depth control state, used to display areas in the 3D image that are farther from the viewer.

[0057] As attached Figure 4 As shown, when the voltage reaches 5V, it corresponds to DOF6. In this state, since the refractive index of the liquid crystal perfectly matches the refractive index of the lenses in the microlens array 203, i.e., N1=N0, no refraction or spectral dispersion occurs when light passes through the liquid crystal modulation layer 2. At this time, CDP disappears or approaches infinity, and the system completely degenerates into a normal 2D display mode. This design ensures that the system can seamlessly switch between "3D mode" and "2D mode".

[0058] As attached Figure 9 As shown, a method of use, applied to any of the above-mentioned visual stereoscopic display systems based on liquid crystal dynamic control, includes the following steps: It also includes an eye-tracking module with a built-in decryption algorithm. The eye-tracking module includes face recognition and orientation verification functions. The eye-tracking module is electrically connected to the voltage control module 5. After scanning the product's QR code, the eye-tracking module receives the corresponding encrypted image and automatically triggers face recognition to confirm whether the operator is an authorized customer. If the recognition does not match, the verification fails. If the identity verification is successful, the orientation verification process begins. The observer's viewing orientation is checked to see if it meets the preset requirements. If the orientation is off or incorrect, the verification fails. If the orientation verification is successful, the encrypted image is decrypted using a decryption algorithm controlled by the voltage control module 5. The decrypted image is then output by the display layer 4 at the specified viewing orientation. The customer observes whether the output image is the agreed-upon image, i.e., the encrypted original information. If it does not conform to the agreed-upon image, the verification fails. If it does conform to the agreed-upon image, the verification succeeds.

[0059] In the above scheme, verification is successful only when the face, orientation, and decrypted image all pass verification, confirming the product as genuine. The specific orientation and decrypted image content during the verification process are agreed upon beforehand by the merchant and customer, and can be used for product anti-counterfeiting. In this scheme, the eye-tracking module is used for viewer location confirmation and identity recognition, enabling directional projection of 3D stereoscopic images. Combined with zone adjustment capabilities, the eye-tracking module ensures that the system synthesizes clear depth images only within specific spatial viewing areas, providing a physical layer of optical modulation for visual encryption and privacy protection.

[0060] As attached Figure 10 As shown, in a further specific embodiment based on the above, the encryption of the above-described encrypted image includes the following steps: The original true-color secret image is read and split into three independent color channels: red (R), green (G), and blue (B), resulting in three sets of continuous-tone grayscale images. In order to preserve the sense of hierarchy of the original image in the binary visual cryptography system, this scheme uses the dithering algorithm to perform halftone processing on each color channel, converting the continuous-tone grayscale image into a binary image with visual density, which serves as the input for the subsequent encryption process. This algorithm employs a 1->m pixel expansion mechanism, where m is the number of sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block. For each pixel in the resulting binary image, it is mapped to the corresponding x-axis position in two shared images, share1 and share2. x sub-pixel block, where x is the number of sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block, both horizontally and numerically, since each pixel is expanded to x. The x sub-pixel blocks ultimately generate two shared images that are enlarged to x times the size of the original image in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions, with a total area that is x times the area of ​​the original image. 2 times; The core of encryption lies in the spatial arrangement and combination of sub-pixels in share1 and share2. A set of sub-pixel blocks, pattern, is pre-defined, consisting of r standard distribution patterns, where the value of r depends on x. The weight h, or Hamming weight, is the number of black sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block x. To ensure statistically consistent physical brightness across a single shared image and thus mask the contour information of the original image, this scheme requires all sub-pixel blocks in the pattern set to contain the same number of black sub-pixels. Theoretically, the upper limit of r is the number of combinations. That is, selecting h positions from x2 positions as all possible permutations of black subpixels. To balance the decryption contrast and display brightness, h positions are usually selected. At this point, r iterates through all spatial distribution patterns under this weight to maximize the random scrambling space during the encryption process; each standard distribution pattern All are a single x A binary matrix of x, where In terms of visual presentation, this binary matrix is ​​represented as x Within the grid of x, there are h opaque (or black 0) sub-pixels randomly distributed and x 2 -h transparent (or white 1) sub-pixels, where 0 represents a black sub-pixel and 1 represents a white sub-pixel; For each pixel to be encrypted in the obtained binary image, the specific mapping logic is as follows: a sub-pixel block is randomly selected from the set patterns as the sub-pixel distribution of share1 at the corresponding coordinates. If the pixel to be encrypted is white, the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is exactly the same as that at the corresponding coordinates of share1 to produce maximum transmittance when superimposed. If the pixel to be encrypted is black, the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is completely complementary to that at the corresponding coordinates of share1 (i.e., 0 / 1 flipped) to achieve a full extinction effect when superimposed. The above encryption process is executed in parallel on the R, G, and B channels, and finally the two color shared images corresponding to share1 and share2, which appear to be random noise, are synthesized as the encrypted image.

[0061] In a further specific embodiment based on the above, the above decryption algorithm includes the following steps: the decryption process simulates the superposition effect of physical optical paths in space, the algorithm achieves logical decryption by performing a logical XOR operation on the encrypted image, and the logically decrypted image overlay_XOR=~xor(share1,share2).

[0062] In a further specific embodiment based on the above, the following steps are also included: Since the logically decrypted image appears as a binary distribution matrix generated by pixel expansion (1->m) in each of the R, G, and B color channels, and it has obvious graininess caused by high-frequency grayscale jumps, bilinear interpolation is used to downsample the logically decrypted image. While restoring the size to the original scale, the interpolation check is used to check x. The binarized color components within the x-neighborhood are averaged and fused, and then output. This process effectively restores the spatial distribution density of sub-pixels to the continuous tone intensity value of the corresponding channel, thereby eliminating visual graininess and achieving high-fidelity reconstruction of the true-color secret image, making the final decrypted image closer to the original image.

[0063] In the above scheme, the secret image can be a 2D image, a 3D composite image, a binary image, or a color image.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, m is 4, x is 2, r is 6, h is 2, and the patterns are {[10;01],[01;10],[11;00],[00;11],[10;10],[01;01]}.

[0065] A 1->4 pixel expansion mechanism is used to map the secret image to the corresponding 2 in two shared images (share1 and share2). 2 sub-pixel blocks. Because each pixel is expanded to 2 2. Sub-pixel blocks, the two shared images generated are expanded to twice the size of the original image in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions, and their total area is four times that of the original image. A sub-pixel block set patterns = {[1 0; 0 1], [0 1; 1 0], [1 1; 00], [0 0; 1 1], [1 0; 1 0], [0 1; 0 1]} consisting of 6 standard distribution patterns is preset. For each pixel point to be encrypted in the binary image obtained above, the specific mapping logic is as follows: a sub-pixel block is randomly selected from the pattern set as the sub-pixel distribution of share1 at the corresponding coordinates. If the pixel point to be encrypted is a white point (1) where 1 represents a white point, then the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is exactly the same as that at the corresponding coordinates of share1, so as to generate the maximum transmittance when superimposed. If the pixel to be encrypted is a black dot (0), where 0 represents a black dot, then the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinate of share2 is made completely complementary to that at the corresponding coordinate of share1 (i.e., 0 / 1 flipped), so as to achieve a full extinction effect during superposition. The above encryption process is executed in parallel on the R, G, and B channels. Final synthesis Figure 9The two color shared images, share1 and share2, appear to be random noise.

[0066] Decryption Method: The decryption process simulates the superposition effect of physical light paths in space. The algorithm achieves logical decryption by performing a logical XOR operation on two shared images (share1, share2), i.e., (decrypted image) overlay_XOR = ~xor(share1, share2). However, the resulting decrypted image has a noticeable graininess because its area is four times that of the original image. Therefore, the algorithm performs bilinear interpolation resampling on the logically decrypted image to reduce the image size back to the original scale. This process automatically blends 2x2. 2. Color information within sub-pixel blocks is used to eliminate graininess, making the final decrypted image closer to the original image.

[0067] In a specific application scenario, the following is an example: All share holders are in one room. They transmit their shares to the system in this embodiment. The system logically decrypts the transmitted shares against existing shares to obtain a secret image. The display layer then displays this image. Simultaneously, an eye-tracking module is activated for facial recognition to help the system locate the corresponding positions of different share holders. Position verification is then performed; each share holder has an agreed-upon position, and only those in the correct position can see the normal secret image. This completes privacy protection. See attached diagram for details. Figure 11 As shown.

[0068] The meanings of A, B, C, and D are listed in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1

[0070] In this embodiment, privacy protection is achieved based on a spatial orientation-locked physical encryption and decryption mechanism. The system uses an eye-tracking module to capture the real-time orientation coordinates of the authorized user, and a voltage control module 5 drives the liquid crystal modulation layer to generate a specific directional refractive index distribution, thereby constructing a set of spatially oriented secret light fields. Since the decryption of this light field is highly dependent on a specific viewing angle, even if an unauthorized observer is physically close to the screen, they will only observe high-frequency noise signals because they cannot obtain correct phase compensation, thus ensuring the single-person / one-way visibility of the information.

[0071] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", and "back" used in the invention are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0072] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, refinements, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these variations should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control, characterized in that: The system includes a display layer (4), a first substrate layer (3), a liquid crystal control layer (2), a second substrate layer (1), and a voltage control module (5). The liquid crystal control layer (2) is disposed between the first substrate layer (3) and the second substrate layer (1). The first substrate layer (3) is provided with the display layer (4) on the side away from the second substrate layer (1). The liquid crystal control layer (2) includes a first electrode (204), a microlens array (203), a liquid crystal layer (202), and a second electrode (201). The first electrode (204) is disposed on the side of the first substrate layer (3) facing the second substrate layer (1). The microlens array (203) is disposed on the side of the first electrode (204) facing the second substrate layer (1). The liquid crystal layer (202) is disposed on the side of the microlens array (203) facing the second substrate layer (1). The second electrode (201) is disposed between the liquid crystal layer (202) and the second substrate layer (1). The voltage control module (5) is used to connect and control the voltage of the first electrode (204) and the second electrode (201).

2. The visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second electrode (201) and the first electrode (204) are both planar electrodes, strip electrodes or point electrodes.

3. The visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second electrode (201) is a strip electrode arranged in at least two rows, and the first electrode (204) is a point electrode.

4. A visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode (204) and the second electrode (201) are made of transparent conductive material.

5. A method of use, applied to the visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Let the effective refractive index of light passing through the liquid crystal modulation layer (2) be... The expression is: in, and Here, represents the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer (202), respectively, and V is the driving voltage. The direction is the deflection angle of the pointer; Set display depth The expression is: Where f is the focal length and N is the number of sub-pixels covered by a single lens; The voltage control module (5) is used to connect the first electrode (204) and the second electrode (201) and control the driving voltage V to adjust the corresponding effective refractive index. ; Let the driving voltage V be 0-aV. When the voltage control module (5) applies a voltage of 0V, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is the largest, and the system is in 3D display state. When the voltage control module (5) applies aV, the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens are equal, so no refraction occurs when light passes through, and the system switches to 2D planar display state. When the voltage control module (5) applies aV, 0 < b < a. At this time, the focal length f changes accordingly, and the depth of the 3D image entering or leaving the screen is adjusted.

6. A method of use, applied to the visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Let the effective refractive index of light passing through the liquid crystal modulation layer (2) be... The expression is: in, and Here, represents the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer (202), respectively, and V is the driving voltage. The direction is the deflection angle of the pointer; Set display depth The expression is: Where f is the focal length and N is the number of sub-pixels covered by a single lens; The voltage control module (5) is used to connect the first electrode (204) and the second electrode (201), and to apply independent driving voltages V to different spatial regions between the first electrode (204) and the second electrode (201) to adjust the corresponding effective refractive index. ; Let the driving voltage V be 0-aV. When the voltage control module (5) applies a voltage of 0V, the difference between the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens is the largest, and the system is in 3D display state. When the voltage control module (5) applies aV, the refractive index N1 of the liquid crystal and the refractive index N0 of the lens are equal, so no refraction occurs when light passes through, and the system switches to 2D planar display state. When the voltage control module (5) applies a voltage of bV, 0 < b < a. At this time, the focal length f changes accordingly, and the depth of the 3D image exiting or entering the screen is adjusted. When the voltage control module (5) applies independent driving voltages within the range of 0-aV to different spatial areas, the focal length f of different spatial areas changes accordingly, and the depth of the corresponding 3D image exiting or entering the screen is adjusted.

7. A method of use, applied to the visual stereoscopic display system based on liquid crystal dynamic control as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: It also includes a human eye tracking module with a built-in decryption algorithm. The human eye tracking module includes face recognition and orientation verification functions. The human eye tracking module is electrically connected to the voltage control module (5). After scanning the product QR code, the human eye tracking module receives the corresponding encrypted image and automatically triggers the human eye tracking module to perform face recognition to confirm whether the operator is an authorized customer. If the recognition does not match, the verification fails. If the identity verification is successful, the orientation verification step is entered. The observer's viewing orientation is checked to see if it meets the preset requirements. If the orientation is offset or incorrect, the verification fails. If the orientation verification is successful, the encrypted image is decrypted using a decryption algorithm. The voltage control module (5) controls the decryption and outputs the agreed image obtained by the display layer (4) at the specified viewing orientation. The customer observes whether the output image is the agreed image. If it does not meet the agreed image, the verification fails. If it meets the agreed image, the verification is successful.

8. A method of use according to claim 7, characterized in that, The encryption of the encrypted image includes the following steps: The original true-color secret image is read and split into three independent color channels: red, green, and blue, to obtain three sets of continuous-tone grayscale images. The dithering algorithm is used to perform halftone processing on each color channel, converting the continuous-tone grayscale images into binary images with visual density, which are then used as input for the subsequent encryption process. A 1->m pixel expansion mechanism is used, where m is the number of sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block. For each pixel in the resulting binary image, it is mapped to the corresponding x-axis position in two shared images, share1 and share2. x sub-pixel block, where x is the number of sub-pixels in a sub-pixel block, both horizontally and numerically, since each pixel is expanded to x. The x sub-pixel blocks ultimately generate two shared images that are enlarged to x times the size of the original image in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions, with a total area that is x times the area of ​​the original image. 2 times; A predefined set of sub-pixel blocks, pattern, consisting of r standard distribution patterns, is defined, where the value of r depends on x. The weight h of the number of black sub-pixels in the x-sub-pixel block; for each standard distribution pattern All are a single x A binary matrix of x, where In terms of visual presentation, this binary matrix is ​​represented as x Within the grid of x, there are h opaque sub-pixels randomly distributed and x 2 -h transparent sub-pixels; For each pixel to be encrypted in the obtained binary image, the specific mapping logic is as follows: a sub-pixel block is randomly selected from the set patterns as the sub-pixel distribution of share1 at the corresponding coordinates. If the pixel to be encrypted is white, then the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is exactly the same as that at the corresponding coordinates of share1; if the pixel to be encrypted is black, then the sub-pixel distribution at the corresponding coordinates of share2 is completely complementary to that at the corresponding coordinates of share1. The above encryption process is executed in parallel on the R, G, and B channels, and finally the two color shared images corresponding to share1 and share2 are synthesized as the encrypted image.

9. A method of use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The decryption algorithm includes the following steps: performing a logical XOR operation on the encrypted image to achieve logical decryption, and the logically decrypted image overlay_XOR=~xor(share1,share2).

10. A method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process also includes the following steps: downsampling the logically decrypted image using bilinear interpolation, restoring the size to the original scale while simultaneously verifying the x-axis using interpolation. The binarized color components within the x-neighborhood are averaged and fused, and then output.

Images