Cold chain data traceable threshold ring signature method and system based on block chain

Abstract

The invention relates to a cold chain data traceable threshold ring signature method based on a block chain, and the method comprises the steps: building a cold chain logistics data traceable system which comprises a producer, a processor, a transporter, a seller and a supervisor through employing the block chain, and building a unified block chain account book of a whole network; all entity individual ring users participating in cold-chain logistics register through the key generation center and obtain respective public keys and private keys; all ring users share one piece of secret information; each ring user generates respective signature information and publishes the signature information; wherein one ring user collects and verifies the correctness of the signature, and generates a threshold ring signature of the whole ring by using at least t signatures; the verifier verifies the correctness of the threshold ring signature, and uploads the verified transaction to a block chain account book; according to the invention, through the threshold mechanism, anonymity and unforgeability of the threshold ring signature and in combination with a decentralized tracing mechanism, the safety and traceability in the cold chain data sharing process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a blockchain-based cold chain data transaction signature method, and more particularly to a blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the deep penetration of blockchain technology into the supply chain, the full-process traceability and privacy protection of cold chain data have become fundamental and critical requirements for ensuring food and drug safety.

[0003] To ensure the legitimacy of data upload, verification, and traceability operations while protecting the privacy of cold chain participants, Threshold Ring Signature (TRS) technology has been introduced into cold chain data interaction scenarios. Threshold Ring Signature allows signers to select a set of public keys (including themselves) from the public key pool of cold chain participants (forming a "signature ring"), and a valid signature can only be generated if a predetermined number of members within the ring authorize the signature. Verifiers can confirm that the signature was generated by a combination of members within the ring who meet the threshold requirements, but cannot precisely locate the specific individuals who participated in the signature. They can also verify the integrity and legitimacy of the source of cold chain data. Although Threshold Ring Signature addresses both privacy protection and group authorization needs in cold chain scenarios, its inherent untraceability—meaning it cannot link multiple signatures generated by the same entity at different stages of the cold chain—makes it difficult to hold individuals accountable for malicious data tampering, uploading false information, and other violations. To address this issue, the concept of Traceable Threshold Ring Signature (TTRS) was proposed, aiming to balance the needs of privacy protection and accountability in cold chain data interaction. The core idea of ​​traditional TTRS is that during the regular cold chain data flow, the signature keeps the participants anonymous; however, if the same entity or the same entity group signs the same batch of data multiple times in a specific cold chain link (such as food storage, cross-regional transportation, and last-mile delivery), or if there is a re-signing behavior after data tampering, these signatures will have a detectable correlation, and the authorized node can trace back to the specific responsible entity based on this.

[0004] Furthermore, the reliability of the entire cold chain data traceability system relies entirely on the normal operation of a single centralized entity. If this entity encounters technical failures, cyberattacks, operational disruptions, or policy adjustments that render it unable to function properly, the signature verification and accountability functions of the entire cold chain system will completely fail. Moreover, this centralized model requires all cold chain participants (including small and medium-sized merchants, logistics companies, and end-user retailers) to place absolute trust in the centralized authorized institution. This institution holds the decision-making power for cold chain data signature traceability, posing a risk of abuse of power, such as unauthorized access to participants' private data or accidental triggering of traceability processes. More importantly, this centralized architecture contradicts the core principles of decentralization and trustlessness in blockchain technology, weakening the distributed ledger and immutability advantages of blockchain in cold chain data traceability and failing to fully guarantee the credibility of the data.

[0005] The centralized traceability mechanisms commonly used in existing traceability threshold ring signature schemes suffer from a series of serious problems, including single points of failure, trust bottlenecks, risks of privilege abuse, and systemic security collapses caused by key leaks. These deficiencies severely limit the applicability of existing TTRS technology in building truly secure, reliable, and trustworthy cold chain data traceability systems that align with the decentralized spirit of blockchain, and fail to meet the high-level demands of the cold chain industry for data privacy protection and end-to-end accountability. Under the current centralized traceability mechanism in cold chain logistics, the security of the global traceability master key becomes the core weak link in the entire cold chain data security protection. Once this master key is leaked or cracked due to external hacker attacks, internal personnel management oversights, equipment failures, or other reasons, attackers can use this key to batch crack all signatures within the system that meet the traceability criteria, trace and leak a large amount of real identity information and business data of cold chain participants, and may also tamper with traceability records and forge liability determination results, causing significant economic losses and reputational crises to the cold chain industry. This is a fatal hidden danger in the food and pharmaceutical cold chain sector, where data security requirements are stringent.

[0006] Therefore, it is very important to design a blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method and system that is more secure, reliable, transparent, and in line with the principle of decentralization, while also taking into account the privacy protection of cold chain participants and the traceability of data throughout the entire process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a blockchain-based threshold ring signature method and system for traceable cold chain data. This invention ensures the security and traceability of cold chain data sharing through the threshold mechanism, anonymity, and unforgeability of threshold ring signatures.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0009] A blockchain-based threshold ring signature method for traceable cold chain data includes the following steps:

[0010] S1 utilizes blockchain to establish a cold chain logistics data traceability system that includes different cold chain logistics entities: producers, processors, transporters, sellers and regulators, and establishes a unified blockchain ledger across the entire network.

[0011] S2, all entities involved in cold chain logistics Each user in the cold chain registers through the key generation center and obtains their own public and private keys for signing cold chain data sharing transactions; It is a natural number greater than 1;

[0012] S3, all those involved in cold chain logistics Each user shares a secret message through a secret sharing protocol;

[0013] S4, During the transmission of cold chain logistics data between different ring users, a cold chain data sharing transaction is formed; Each ring user participating in cold chain logistics generates its own signature information and publishes it; One ring user is designated to collect and verify the correctness of the signatures, and uses at least t signatures to generate the threshold ring signature for the entire ring.

[0014] S5, the verifier verifies the correctness of the threshold ring signature, and uploads the legitimate transaction verified by the signature to the unified blockchain ledger of the cold chain logistics data traceability system, thus completing the cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature.

[0015] S6, the traceability mechanism is triggered. When an abnormal transaction or dispute is detected, the authorized node initiates the traceability process and traces the specific responsible party by analyzing the signature correlation.

[0016] The cold chain logistics data sharing transaction process includes four steps: key generation, secret sharing, threshold ring signature generation, and signature verification; in step S2, the key generation process includes:

[0017] The key generation center randomly selects a series of grids and its corresponding vertical grid Linearly independent short vector lattice ,in ; , For the number of signatories, Let represent the space of integer matrices, where m represents the column vector dimension of the integer matrix, n represents the row vector dimension of the integer matrix, and q represents the order of the integer matrix. Represents a randomly selected lattice basis. Indicates the length limit of the vertical lattice base;

[0018] The key generation center will Use it as your public key, Use it as your own private key;

[0019] The key generation center uses the user's identity ,calculate ,calculate , making ,in Represents a hash function. Represents Gaussian parameters, ;

[0020] Key generation center output As a ring user public key, It is returned to each ring user as the ring user's private key.

[0021] The aforementioned blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method includes the following secret sharing process in step S3:

[0022] Ring users Select parameter set ,generate dimensional polynomial ;

[0023] calculate And send it to the rest of the ring. One user;

[0024] Each ring user utilizes the received share ,calculate ;

[0025] Each ring user will As a shared secret.

[0026] The threshold ring signature generation process in step S4 of the blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method includes:

[0027] Each ring user calculation ,in Represents a hash function;

[0028] calculate ,in, Represents a hash function. This represents a message awaiting signature.

[0029] set up ;

[0030] Ring users send their respective signatures For users ;

[0031] Ring users examine or ,and If true, proceed; otherwise, reject. , ;

[0032] calculate and ;

[0033] calculate ,in ;

[0034] Output threshold ring signature .

[0035] The threshold ring signature method for traceable cold chain data based on blockchain, wherein step S5 includes the threshold ring signature verification process:

[0036] The signature verifier verifies when or If the answer is yes, refuse to sign; otherwise, proceed to the next step.

[0037] Verify whether it is satisfied Otherwise, the signature will be refused.

[0038] The aforementioned blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method outlines the cold chain data sharing transaction process as follows:

[0039] The cold chain logistics data is packaged into a blockchain transaction.

[0040] The ring users use their respective public and private keys to sign the blockchain transactions, forming l signature information;

[0041] A designated user collects and verifies signature information, and uses at least t signatures to generate the final threshold ring signature;

[0042] The designated user sends a blockchain transaction containing the threshold ring signature to the cold chain logistics data sharing system;

[0043] Once a blockchain transaction is packaged and verified, it is recorded in the blockchain ledger, thus forming an immutable record.

[0044] The cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature system of the aforementioned cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method includes the following modules:

[0045] (1) System initialization and key distribution module: used to generate global parameters through the system initializer, and generate key pairs for the threshold ring signing users and the group of verifiers respectively;

[0046] (2) Traceable threshold ring signature generation module: used to generate a threshold ring signature that meets the threshold conditions based on the ring user public and private key pair;

[0047] (3) Signature verification and on-chain registration module: Verifies the correctness of the generated threshold ring signature and registers the verified data sharing transaction to the blockchain ledger;

[0048] (4) Decentralized traceability module: used to trace back to the specific responsible party through multi-node collaborative verification when an anomaly is detected;

[0049] The system achieves secure sharing and traceability of cold chain logistics data by running the threshold ring signature method.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0051] 1. By designing a decentralized threshold authorization traceability scheme, we can accurately solve the inherent defects of traditional TTRS in cold chain scenarios that rely on centralized traceability authority, and fully adapt to the core requirements of high security and high reliability for cold chain data traceability.

[0052] 2. By constructing a distributed architecture of "cold chain tracer group", and setting a preset threshold for traceability triggering that requires collaborative verification and approval by members, the mechanism prevents unilateral operation by a single or a few members, thus ensuring the seriousness and security of the cold chain traceability process.

[0053] 3. This invention can effectively eliminate the risk of single point of failure, distribute traceability permissions to prevent abuse of permissions, significantly improve the system's anti-attack robustness, provide a safe and practical solution for data traceability throughout the cold chain process, and help the deep integration of blockchain and the cold chain industry. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the cold chain logistics data sharing system of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the traceable threshold ring signature transaction process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] See Figure 1 The present invention provides a blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S100. Utilize blockchain to establish a cold chain logistics data traceability system that includes different cold chain logistics entities such as producers, processors, transporters, sellers and regulators, and establish a unified blockchain ledger across the entire network.

[0061] S200, all entities involved in cold chain logistics Each user in the ring registers through the key generation center and obtains their own public and private keys, which are used for signing cold chain data sharing transactions; where l is a natural number greater than 1.

[0062] S300: All users involved in cold chain logistics share a secret information through a secret sharing protocol;

[0063] S400: Each ring user participating in the cold chain logistics generates and publishes its own signature information; a designated ring user collects and verifies the correctness of the signatures, and utilizes at least... Each signature generates the threshold ring signature for the entire ring;

[0064] S500: The verifier verifies the correctness of the threshold ring signature and uploads the verified transaction to a public and transparent blockchain ledger.

[0065] S600: When an abnormal transaction is detected, a decentralized tracing mechanism is activated to trace back to the specific responsible party.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, during the transfer of cold chain data between different entities, cold chain data sharing transactions are formed, pending all cold chain logistics entities. After each user signs their respective signature, the designated user will... Individual signatures are aggregated into a threshold ring signature for the entire ring. Legitimate transactions verified by the signatures are ultimately uploaded to the blockchain ledger of the cold chain logistics data traceability system.

[0067] The cold chain data includes data generated during the cold chain logistics process, such as production, transportation, processing, and sales.

[0068] The cold chain logistics entities include producers, processors, transporters, sellers, and consumers.

[0069] The cold chain logistics transaction refers to the transaction information formed by uploading cold chain logistics data to the cold chain logistics data cross-institutional sharing system. This information is used to record cold chain logistics data and provide tamper-proof evidence for the subsequent traceability of cold chain products.

[0070] The threshold ring signature requires signatures from at least t ring users to generate a valid signature.

[0071] like Figure 3As shown, the cold chain data sharing transaction process is as follows:

[0072] Cold chain logistics data is packaged into blockchain transactions;

[0073] Ring users use their respective public and private keys to sign the blockchain transactions, forming l signature information;

[0074] A designated user collects and verifies signature information, and uses at least t signatures to generate the final threshold ring signature;

[0075] The designated user sends a blockchain transaction containing the threshold ring signature to the cold chain logistics data sharing system;

[0076] Once a blockchain transaction is packaged and verified, it is recorded in the blockchain ledger, thus forming an immutable record.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment of the blockchain-based threshold ring signature method for traceable cold chain data differs from Embodiment 1 in that the further steps include four steps: key generation, secret sharing, threshold ring signature generation, and signature verification.

[0079] The key generation process includes:

[0080] S201, The key generation center randomly selects a series of grids. and its corresponding vertical grid Linearly independent short vector lattice ,in ; , For the number of signatories, Let represent the space of integer matrices, where m represents the column vector dimension of the integer matrix, n represents the row vector dimension of the integer matrix, and q represents the order of the integer matrix. Represents a randomly selected lattice basis. Indicates the length limit of the vertical lattice base;

[0081] The key generation center will Use it as your public key, Use it as your own private key;

[0082] S202, The key generation center uses the user's identity ,calculate ,calculate , making ,in Represents a hash function. Represents Gaussian parameters, .

[0083] Key generation center output As a ring user public key, It is returned to each ring user as the ring user's private key.

[0084] The secret sharing process includes:

[0085] Ring users Select parameter set ,generate dimensional polynomial ;

[0086] calculate And send it to the rest of the ring. One user;

[0087] Each ring user utilizes the received share ,calculate ;

[0088] Each ring user will As a shared secret.

[0089] The threshold ring signature generation process includes:

[0090] S401, Calculation for each ring user ,in Represents a hash function;

[0091] calculate ,in, Represents a hash function. This is a message awaiting signature;

[0092] set up ;

[0093] Ring users send their respective signatures For users ;

[0094] S402, Ring User examine or ,and If the condition is met, proceed; otherwise, reject. Among these... , .

[0095] calculate and ;

[0096] calculate ,in ;

[0097] Output threshold ring signature .

[0098] The threshold ring signature verification process includes:

[0099] The signature verifier verifies when or If the answer is yes, refuse to sign; otherwise, proceed to the next step.

[0100] Verify whether it is satisfied Otherwise, the signature will be refused.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] A blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature system includes:

[0103] System initialization and key distribution module: used to generate global parameters through the system initializer, and generate key pairs for the threshold ring signing users and the validator group respectively;

[0104] Traceable threshold ring signature generation module: used to generate a threshold ring signature that meets the threshold conditions based on the ring user's public and private key pair;

[0105] Signature verification and on-chain registration module: Verifies the correctness of the generated threshold ring signature and registers the verified data sharing transaction to the blockchain ledger;

[0106] Decentralized traceability module: Used to trace back to the specific responsible party through multi-node collaborative verification when an anomaly is detected;

[0107] The system achieves traceability of cold chain logistics data by running a threshold ring signature method.

[0108] Compared to existing technologies, this invention ensures the security and traceability of cold chain data sharing through the threshold mechanism, anonymity, and unforgeability of threshold ring signatures, effectively eliminating the risk of single points of failure, providing a safe and practical solution for end-to-end data traceability in the cold chain, and facilitating the deep integration of blockchain and the cold chain industry.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based threshold ring signature method for traceable cold chain data, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1 utilizes blockchain to establish a cold chain logistics data traceability system that includes different cold chain logistics entities: producers, processors, transporters, sellers and regulators, and establishes a unified blockchain ledger across the entire network. S2, all entities involved in cold chain logistics Each user in the cold chain registers through the key generation center and obtains their own public and private keys for signing cold chain data sharing transactions; Natural numbers greater than 1; S3, all those involved in cold chain logistics Each user shares a secret message through a secret sharing protocol; S4, During the transmission of cold chain logistics data between different ring users, a cold chain data sharing transaction is formed; Each ring user participating in cold chain logistics generates its own signature information and publishes it; One ring user is designated to collect and verify the correctness of the signatures, and uses at least t signatures to generate the threshold ring signature for the entire ring. S5, the verifier verifies the correctness of the threshold ring signature, and uploads the legitimate transaction verified by the signature to the unified blockchain ledger of the cold chain logistics data traceability system, thus completing the cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature. S6, the traceability mechanism is triggered. When an abnormal transaction or dispute is detected, the authorized node initiates the traceability process and traces the specific responsible party by analyzing the signature correlation.

2. The blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold chain logistics data sharing transaction process includes four steps: key generation, secret sharing, threshold ring signature generation, and signature verification. In step S2, the key generation process includes: The key generation center randomly selects a series of grids and its corresponding vertical grid Linearly independent short vector lattice ,in ; , For the number of signatories, Let represent the space of integer matrices, where m represents the column vector dimension of the integer matrix, n represents the row vector dimension of the integer matrix, and q represents the order of the integer matrix. Represents a randomly selected lattice basis. Indicates the length limit of the vertical lattice base; The key generation center will Use it as your public key, Use it as your own private key; The key generation center uses the user's identity ,calculate ,calculate , making ,in Represents a hash function. Represents Gaussian parameters, ; Key generation center output As a ring user public key, It is returned to each ring user as the ring user's private key.

3. The blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the secret sharing process includes: Ring users Select parameter set ,generate dimensional polynomial ; calculate And send it to the rest of the ring. One user; Each ring user utilizes the received share ,calculate ; Each ring user will As a shared secret.

4. The blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the threshold ring signature generation process includes: Each ring user calculation ,in Represents a hash function; calculate ,in, Represents a hash function. This represents a message awaiting signature. set up ; Ring users send their respective signatures For users ; Ring users examine or ,and If true, proceed; otherwise, reject. , ; calculate and ; calculate ,in ; Output threshold ring signature .

5. The blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5, the threshold ring signature verification process includes: The signature verifier verifies when or If the answer is yes, refuse to sign; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Verify whether it is satisfied Otherwise, the signature will be refused.

6. The blockchain-based cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: The cold chain data sharing transaction process is as follows: The cold chain logistics data is packaged into a blockchain transaction. The ring users use their respective public and private keys to sign the blockchain transactions, forming l signature information; A designated user collects and verifies signature information, and uses at least t signatures to generate the final threshold ring signature; The designated user sends a blockchain transaction containing the threshold ring signature to the cold chain logistics data sharing system; Once a blockchain transaction is packaged and verified, it is recorded in the blockchain ledger, thus forming an immutable record.

7. A cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature system based on the cold chain data traceability threshold ring signature method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: (1) System initialization and key distribution module: used to generate global parameters through the system initializer, and generate key pairs for the threshold ring signing users and the group of verifiers respectively; (2) Traceable threshold ring signature generation module: used to generate a threshold ring signature that meets the threshold conditions based on the ring user public and private key pair; (3) Signature verification and on-chain registration module: Verifies the correctness of the generated threshold ring signature and registers the verified data sharing transaction to the blockchain ledger; (4) Decentralized traceability module: used to trace back to the specific responsible party through multi-node collaborative verification when an anomaly is detected; The system achieves secure sharing and traceability of cold chain logistics data by running the threshold ring signature method.

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