Tide observation equipment field automatic comparison and measurement method and device based on standard tide gauge well

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-site automatic comparison and measurement method and device for tide observation equipment based on a standard tide gauge well, and relates to the field of tide observation, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining and analyzing an in-well water gauge image sequence, and determining an in-well tide observation element data sequence; and acquiring and analyzing a sea surface distance data sequence outside the well to determine a tide observation element data sequence outside the well, and performing field automatic comparison and measurement on observation data of the tide observation equipment in combination with the tide observation element data sequence observed by the tide observation equipment and tidal time data recorded by the timer. According to the method, the long-term and real-time tidal observation element data sequence inside and outside the well is obtained by collecting the water gauge image sequence inside the well and the sea surface distance data sequence outside the well, field automatic comparison and measurement of observation data of tidal observation equipment can be achieved, and the problems existing in regular fixed-point manual comparison and measurement of observers are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tidal observation, and in particular to a method and apparatus for automatic on-site comparison of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells. Background Technology

[0002] Tidal level observation is of great significance in marine disaster early warning, sea-level change research, and marine engineering design. Tidal level observation data is crucial technical support for determining warning tide levels and disaster prevention and mitigation. After years of construction and development, the establishment of tide gauge stations along the coast enables comprehensive and real-time monitoring of coastal tidal fluctuations. These stations acquire long-term, real-time, long-series tidal observation data by installing tidal observation equipment in standard tide gauge wells.

[0003] In the field of tidal observation, most research focuses on the integration, improvement, and innovation of tidal level measurement methods, while research on automatic comparison methods for tidal observation equipment during long-term operation is relatively limited. Currently, the main method for comparing tidal observation equipment is manual comparison using in-well and external water gauge systems. Two observers periodically and synchronously observe the readings of the in-well and external water gauge systems and compare them with the observation data from the tidal observation equipment to verify whether the tidal observation equipment is operating normally and to ensure the quality of tidal observation data. With the gradual increase in the construction of tide gauge stations and the remote location of unmanned stations (some stations are located on islands or platforms), the difficulty of regular, fixed-point manual on-site comparison by observers is gradually increasing. Moreover, under adverse weather conditions, the external water gauge system is affected by factors such as sea waves, making it difficult to read the data manually and ensuring accuracy. Manual on-site comparison faces problems such as long cycle, complex process, large workload, and high cost, making it difficult to meet the requirements of marine observation standards for on-site comparison of tidal observation equipment. Currently, the industry lacks automatic comparison technology for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and device for automatic on-site comparison of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells, which can realize long-term, real-time automatic comparison of the accuracy of tidal observation data based on standard tide gauge wells, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of tidal observation data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: Firstly, this application provides an automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells, including: Acquire the following data: in-well water gauge image sequence of standard tide gauges observed by in-well observation instruments; sea surface distance data sequence of standard tide gauges observed by external observation instruments; tidal observation element data sequence of tidal observation equipment; and tidal time data recorded by timers. Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well based on the sequence of water gauge images in the well; Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well based on the data sequence of distance from the sea surface outside the well; Automatic on-site comparison of tidal observation data from the tidal observation equipment is performed based on the data sequence of tidal observation elements inside the well, the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well, the data sequence of tidal observation elements observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer. Specifically, the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well is determined based on the sequence of water gauge images in the well, including: Preprocess each water gauge image in the well water gauge image sequence to obtain a preprocessed water gauge image. For each preprocessed image of the water level gauge in the well, extract the reference scale on the water level gauge in the preprocessed image of the water level gauge in the well. For each preprocessed water level gauge image in the well, the scale lines in the preprocessed water level gauge image are detected, and the pixel coordinates of the detected scale lines are determined. The global scaling factor is determined based on the scale spacing between adjacent scale lines and the pixel coordinates of the scale lines. The real-time tide height sequence in the well is determined based on the global scaling factor, the extracted reference scale, and the pixel coordinates of the scale line corresponding to the water surface in the preprocessed well water level image. The data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well is determined based on the real-time tidal height sequence in the well. The data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well includes: the tidal height sequence of high tide in the well, the tidal time sequence of high tide in the well, the tidal height sequence of low tide in the well, and the tidal time sequence of low tide in the well.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells.

[0007] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for on-site automatic comparison measurement of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells.

[0008] Fourthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells.

[0009] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: This application provides a method and apparatus for automatic on-site comparison of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells. It acquires long-term, real-time tidal observation element data sequences by collecting water gauge image sequences inside the well and sea surface distance data sequences outside the well. Combined with tidal time data recorded by a timer, it performs automatic on-site comparison with the tidal observation element data observed by the tidal observation equipment. This solves the problems of periodic, fixed-point manual comparison by observers (such as difficulties in reading water gauges due to factors like waves in severe weather, making accuracy hard to guarantee; and the challenges of long cycles, complex processes, heavy workload, and high costs associated with manual on-site comparison). It can promptly detect observation errors of tidal observation equipment, further ensuring the quality of tidal observation data from in-situ operating tidal observation equipment, effectively guaranteeing the accuracy of monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle of tidal observation equipment, filling the gap in automatic comparison of tidal observation equipment, and providing strong technical support for the legality, accuracy, and consistency of tidal observation data. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of an automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on a standard tide gauge well, according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on a standard tide gauge well, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0013] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] The on-site automatic comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 In the application environment shown, terminal 102 communicates with server 104 via a network. A data storage system can store the data that server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be set up independently, integrated into server 104, or placed in the cloud or on another server. Terminal 102 can send the following data to server 104: the water gauge image sequence from the standard tide gauge observed by the in-well observation instrument; the sea surface distance data sequence from the standard tide gauge observed by the external observation instrument; the tidal observation element data sequence from the tidal observation equipment; and the tidal time data recorded by the timer. After receiving these data, server 104 determines the in-well tidal observation element data sequence based on the in-well water gauge image sequence; determines the external tidal observation element data sequence based on the sea surface distance data sequence; and performs an automatic on-site comparison of the tidal observation equipment data based on the in-well tidal observation element data sequence, the external tidal observation element data sequence, the tidal observation equipment data sequence, and the tidal time data. Server 104 can then feed back the obtained automatic comparison to terminal 102. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the on-site automatic comparison method of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells can also be implemented separately by server 104 or terminal 102. For example, terminal 102 can directly perform on-site automatic comparison of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells, using the in-well water gauge image sequence observed by the in-well observation instrument, the sea surface distance data sequence of the standard tide gauge well observed by the external observation instrument, the tidal observation element data sequence observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer. Alternatively, server 104 can obtain the in-well water gauge image sequence observed by the in-well observation instrument, the sea surface distance data sequence of the standard tide gauge well observed by the external observation instrument, the tidal observation element data sequence observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer from the data storage system, and perform on-site automatic comparison of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells.

[0015] Among them, terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, various desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices and portable wearable devices, and server 104 can be implemented by independent servers or server clusters composed of multiple servers, or it can be a cloud server.

[0016] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, an automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells is provided. This method is executed by computer equipment, specifically by a terminal or server alone, or by both a terminal and a server. In this embodiment, the method is applied to... Figure 1 Taking server 104 as an example, the explanation includes the following steps 201 to 204.

[0017] Step 201: Obtain the in-well water gauge image sequence of the standard tide gauge observed by the in-well observation instrument, the sea surface distance data sequence of the standard tide gauge observed by the external observation instrument, the tidal observation element data sequence observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer.

[0018] Step 202: Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well based on the water gauge image sequence in the well.

[0019] Step 203: Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well based on the data sequence of sea surface distance outside the well.

[0020] Step 204: Perform on-site automatic comparison and measurement of the tidal observation data based on the in-well tidal observation element data sequence, the out-of-well tidal observation element data sequence, the tidal observation element data sequence observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer.

[0021] By implementing steps 201 to 204 above, this application acquires long-term, real-time data sequences of tidal observation elements inside and outside the well by collecting image sequences of water gauges inside the well and data sequences of sea surface distance outside the well. This allows for automatic on-site comparison with tidal observation element data observed by tidal observation equipment, eliminating the need for manual on-site comparison. This solves the problems associated with periodic, fixed-point manual comparison by observers (such as difficulties in reading data due to factors like waves in adverse weather conditions, making it hard to guarantee accuracy, and the challenges of long cycles, complex processes, heavy workloads, and high costs associated with manual on-site comparison). It enables timely detection of observation errors by tidal observation equipment, further ensuring the quality of tidal observation data from in-situ tidal observation equipment, effectively guaranteeing the accuracy of monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle of tidal observation equipment, filling the gap in automatic comparison of tidal observation equipment, and providing strong technical support for the legality, accuracy, and consistency of tidal observation data.

[0022] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, in step 201, synchronous observations are conducted between the in-well and out-of-well comparative observation instruments and the in-situ operating tidal observation equipment. This automatically acquires long-sequence and real-time data sequences of the water surface inside and outside the standard tide gauge within a continuous preset time period (e.g., 48 hours, which must include a complete tidal cycle). Specifically, the in-well observation instrument is a video recognition device installed on the observation platform above the standard tide gauge, directly facing the water gauge inside the gauge, automatically acquiring long-sequence and real-time water gauge image sequences. The external observation instrument is a microwave radar, installed on a standard tide gauge platform, which automatically acquires long-sequence, real-time sea surface distance data sequences. Simultaneously, the observation time is recorded by the timer, the observation time recorded by the in-situ operating tidal observation instrument, and the observation time recorded by the video recognition device. and the observation time recorded by microwave radar During recording, timing data is read down to the second level.

[0023] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, in step 202, the water level gauge image sequence in the well is used as the basis for the long sequence. and the corresponding observation time The inverted tidal observation elements, among which the well water gauge image sequence is represented as follows: in, Indicates at time A single frame of water level gauge image is collected, with a sampling time interval of 1 minute. The sequence length covers a complete tidal cycle of no less than 48 hours, and N is the total number of collection time points.

[0024] The tidal observation elements obtained from the automatic inversion of the water gauge image sequence in the well are: , , in, The real-time tide height sequence within the well (based on the requirements of "Marine Observation Specification Part 2: Coastal Observation" and the performance of the in-situ operating tide level observation equipment, the frequency is 1 time / minute); and These are the high tide height and low tide height in the well, respectively, in millimeters (mm). and The data includes high tide and low tide times, accurate to the minute; tide height data is read to the whole millimeter, and tide time data is read to the whole minute. Specifically, in step 202, the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well is determined based on the water gauge image sequence, including: (2-1) Detect the bounding box of the water gauge region in each water gauge image in the well water gauge image sequence, and crop each water gauge image in the corresponding well based on the bounding box of the water gauge region to obtain the water gauge image in the well.

[0025] Image of water level in well Input an object detection model (e.g., YOLO model, Fast R-CNN model) to obtain the bounding box of the water level indicator region in the image. : in, The coordinates of the top left corner of the bounding box. and These represent the width and height of the bounding box, respectively. (This refers to the water gauge image inside the well.) The image of the water level gauge inside the well was obtained by cropping. : .

[0026] in, This indicates a cropping operation.

[0027] (2-2) Perform image preprocessing on the water level gauge image of each well to obtain the preprocessed water level gauge image. As an example, image preprocessing includes color space conversion, grayscale conversion and contrast enhancement, and noise reduction.

[0028] Among these steps, color space conversion involves converting the cropped image of the water level gauge in the well from RGB space to HSV space. .

[0029] In the formula, This represents the image after color space conversion; Refers to the conversion operation from RGB space to HSV space.

[0030] Among them, grayscale conversion and contrast enhancement: transform the image Convert to grayscale : Histogram equalization is used to enhance the contrast between the scale and the background. In the formula, Refers to grayscale processing; Refers to histogram equalization operation; This represents the image after histogram equalization.

[0031] The noise reduction process involves smoothing the image using Gaussian filtering. in, This represents the image after noise reduction, i.e., the preprocessed image of the water level gauge in the well. Represents the coordinates of pixels in an image; The standard deviation is A two-dimensional Gaussian kernel.

[0032] (2-3) For each preprocessed water gauge image in the well, extract the reference scale on the water gauge in the preprocessed water gauge image.

[0033] Preprocessed water level gauge images in the well (Right now Moment Perform OCR digital recognition to extract the integer meter-level markings on the water gauge. (For example, zero-point scale or other integer scale), and convert it to millimeters as the reference scale: (2-4) For each preprocessed water level gauge image in the well, detect the scale lines in the preprocessed water level gauge image and determine the pixel coordinates of the detected scale lines.

[0034] Extracting tick mark edges using the Canny operator : By using the Hough transform to detect approximate horizontal tick marks, the set of pixel ordinates of the tick marks in the image is obtained: in, Indicates the first The vertical pixel position of each tick mark; K represents the number of tick marks.

[0035] (2-5) Determine the global scaling factor (pixel-physical quantity scaling factor) based on the scale spacing between adjacent scale lines and the pixel coordinates of the scale lines.

[0036] Select adjacent scale lines with known physical spacing (e.g., 5cm), and calculate the ratio between the pixel distance of the scale line and the actual length of the scale line: in, The actual height difference (scale spacing) between adjacent scale lines, in mm; Let be the pixel distance of the tick interval corresponding to the j-th tick mark. The global scaling factor is obtained by averaging across multiple tick intervals. : (2-6) Determine the real-time tide height sequence in the well based on the global scaling factor, the extracted reference scale, and the pixel coordinates of the scale line corresponding to the water surface in the preprocessed well water level image.

[0037] Let the vertical coordinate of the current water level in the well in the image be (i.e., The pixel coordinates of the scale line corresponding to the water surface in the well are: The pixel coordinates of the reference scale line (such as the zero point of the water level gauge or other integer scale) in the image are: Then the real-time tide height at that moment The calculation is as follows: The real-time tide height results are then rounded to the millimeter level to obtain the final single-frame real-time tide height value within the well.

[0038] (2-7) Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well based on the real-time tidal height sequence in the well; the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well includes: the tidal height sequence of high tide in the well, the tidal time sequence of high tide in the well, the tidal height sequence of low tide in the well, and the tidal time sequence of low tide in the well.

[0039] For all moments Repeat the above calculations to construct a complete time series of real-time tidal heights within the well: Among them, the time series based on real-time tidal height inside the well The selection of high tide and low tide elements is automatically performed according to the selection method of high tide, low tide, tidal height, and tidal time in Chapter 6.2.5 of "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation". , , Where n is the number of data points for real-time tide height observation, and "1n" is the identifier for real-time tide height inside the well.

[0040] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, in step 203, the distance data sequence of the sea surface outside the well is based on a long sequence of real-time data. and the corresponding observation time Obtain real-time tidal height outside the well. (Based on the requirements of "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation" and the performance of the in-situ operating tide level observation equipment, the frequency is 1 time / minute), external high tide height. High tide outside the well Low tide and high tide outside the well Low tide outside the well For tidal observation elements that complete the tidal cycle, tidal height data is read to the nearest millimeter, and tidal hour data is read to the nearest minute. Specifically, in step 203, the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well is determined based on the sea surface distance data sequence, which includes: (3-1) The validity of the sea surface distance data sequence outside the well is verified, and the verified sea surface distance data sequence outside the well is obtained.

[0041] It receives long-sequence real-time data output from non-contact external observation equipment (such as microwave radar), which consists of second-level sampled sea surface distance data sequences. and the corresponding observation time The data length is 48 hours. First, a data validity check is performed: the original observed sea surface distance data sequence is checked for existence, emptiness, or lack of valid data records. If any invalid condition is met, an error message is triggered and processing terminates to avoid calculation errors caused by invalid data. Valid sea surface distance data is extracted, and the total number of statistical data entries is M.

[0042] (3-2) Perform anomaly detection and data repair on the verified sea surface distance data sequence after well verification to obtain the repaired sea surface distance data sequence.

[0043] Set up a historical normal data cache pool with a preset capacity (e.g., 10 sets of data). Iterate through the data by time and calculate the difference between the current sea surface distance data outside the well and the median of the normal data in the cache pool. If the absolute value of the difference is greater than T1, where T1 is the abnormal threshold of the marine environment (set based on experience), then the current sea surface distance data outside the well is determined to be abnormal data, and its collection time index is recorded. When there is no valid data in the data cache pool, no determination is made, and the current sea surface distance data outside the well is temporarily stored as normal.

[0044] When the data cache pool is not full, it directly stores the current distance to the sea surface outside the well and its time index. When the data cache pool is full, it removes the oldest data and its index and stores the current distance to the sea surface outside the well to ensure that the data cache pool always retains the most recently preset capacity of normal data. When abnormal data occurs, it is repaired using the median of the valid data in the current data cache pool.

[0045] Based on the above, in step (3-2), anomaly detection and data repair are performed on the verified sea surface distance data sequence outside the well to obtain the repaired sea surface distance data sequence outside the well, specifically including: (3-2-1) When there is a preset capacity of normal sea surface distance data outside the well in the data buffer pool, calculate the difference between each sea surface distance data outside the well and the reference distance data in the sea surface distance data sequence outside the well; the reference distance data refers to the median of the normal sea surface distance data outside the well in the data buffer pool; the difference between each normal sea surface distance data outside the well in the current data buffer pool and the current reference distance data is less than the preset threshold.

[0046] (3-2-2) For each well's sea surface distance data, determine whether the corresponding difference is less than the preset threshold.

[0047] (3-2-3) If so, the current sea surface distance data outside the well is considered normal data. The sea surface distance data outside the well with the earliest time index in the current data buffer pool is removed, and the sea surface distance data outside the well that is currently considered normal data is stored in the current data buffer pool to update the data in the data buffer pool.

[0048] (3-2-4) If not, the current sea surface distance data outside the well is abnormal data. The median of the sea surface distance data outside the well in the current data buffer pool is used to repair the current abnormal data. This continues until each sea surface distance data outside the well is traversed to obtain the repaired sea surface distance data sequence.

[0049] (3-3) Median filtering and median aggregation were performed on the repaired sea surface distance data sequence to obtain the aggregated sea surface distance data sequence.

[0050] Using the updated and repaired sea surface distance data outside the well as the processing object, a median filtering algorithm is employed for noise suppression. As an example, the filtering window size is set to 60 data points, which can be adjusted according to the marine environment and equipment characteristics. The data is then integrated to form a second-level data sequence after median filtering. Minute-level aggregation is then performed based on this second-level data sequence after median filtering. The median of the second-level data within each minute is taken and saved as the minute-level filtered aggregated data, resulting in the aggregated sea surface distance data sequence outside the well.

[0051] (3-4) Based on the tidal increment within the sampling time interval, the aggregated sea surface distance data sequence is subjected to digital amplitude limiting filtering based on the tidal increment outside the well to obtain the amplitude limiting filtered sea surface distance data sequence outside the well.

[0052] Based on the filtering characteristics of the tide gauge well, the tidal increment within the sampling time interval exceeds the tidal increment in the reference well. Reference well tidal increment The tidal increment is calculated based on the maximum tidal rate within the sampling time interval. The digital amplitude limiting filter algorithm formula is as follows: in, In the formula, This represents the data sequence of sea surface distance outside the well after amplitude limiting and filtering, where n is the number of data points for real-time tide height observation outside the well, and "2n" is the identifier for real-time tide height outside the well. This is the aggregated sea surface distance data sequence at the current moment; This represents the aggregated data sequence of distances from the sea surface outside the well at the previous moment; The maximum tidal range at the installation point is generally (16.7~66.6)×10.-3 The unit is ; The rate of change of tidal level. For tide level, For time; The sampling interval is 1 second; D is the vertical distance from the installation location of the external observation instrument (such as microwave radar) to the mean sea level. This parameter needs to be calibrated on-site.

[0053] (3-5) Low-pass smoothing optimization is performed on the distance data sequence outside the well after amplitude limiting filtering to obtain the smoothed distance data sequence outside the well.

[0054] A first-order IIR low-pass filter formula was designed and adapted, which has low computational cost, strong real-time performance, and requires no window filling, making it suitable for continuous smoothing of long data sequences. This was applied to the amplitude-limited filtered sea surface distance data sequence. The sea surface distance data sequence obtained after low-pass smoothing optimization The specific calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, for Previous frame data; smoothing coefficient The range of values ​​for: The filtering strength is determined by the minute-level sampling frequency and the tidal cutoff frequency: ;in, It is a minute-level sampling frequency. HZ; Tidal cutoff frequency It is the main cycle of tidal fluctuations, taking HZ; will and Substituting the specific values, we can obtain This value can filter out minute-level high-frequency noise while fully preserving the ebb and flow trend of the tides.

[0055] (3-6) Tidal elements are extracted from the smoothed sea surface distance data sequence outside the well to obtain the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well; the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well includes: high tide sequence outside the well, high tide time sequence outside the well, low tide sequence outside the well, and low tide time sequence outside the well.

[0056] High tide outside the well High tide outside the well Low tide and high tide outside the well High and low tides outside the well Selected according to the selection method in Chapter 6.2.5 of "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation".

[0057] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, in step 204, the well-drilled tidal observation elements acquired by the video recognition device and microwave radar ( , , , , ), External tidal observation elements ( , , , , Based on the tidal data recorded by the timer and the tidal observation equipment, and referring to the observation requirements of "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation", the tidal observation elements (real-time tide height) are compared with those observed by the in-situ operating tidal observation equipment. High tide High tide Low tide and high tide Low tide ) Conduct comparative observations of data respectively, specifically including: ① Conduct comparative observations of the sea surface inside and outside the standard tide gauge well: select ( , , , , )and( , , , , ) Conduct comparative analysis of data, and in accordance with the requirements of "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation", verify the tidal characteristics of the sea surface inside and outside the standard tide gauge well, thereby verifying the synchronicity between the observation data of the observation equipment inside the well and the sea surface outside the well; ② Conduct a comparison of the tidal observation elements of the in-situ operating tidal observation equipment with the tidal observation elements inside the well: select ( , , , , )and( , , , , ) Compare and analyze the data to verify the accuracy of the tidal observation elements observed by the in-situ tidal observation equipment; ③ Compare the tidal time of the in-situ tidal observation equipment with the tidal time of the timer to verify the accuracy of the tidal time recorded by the in-situ tidal observation equipment. Through the above comparative analysis, the standardization of the standard tide gauge well, the accuracy of the in-situ tidal observation equipment, and the accuracy of the tidal observation elements are verified, and the automatic comparison and verification of the tidal observation equipment observation data and the inside and outside well observation data are realized. Specifically, in step 204, the on-site automatic comparison and verification of the tidal observation equipment observation data is carried out based on the inside well tidal observation element data sequence, the outside well tidal observation element data sequence, the tidal observation element data sequence observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer, specifically including: (4-1) The data sequences of tidal observation elements inside the well and outside the well are compared and analyzed using the average error method to obtain the first comparative analysis result. The validity of the data sequences of tidal observation elements inside the well is verified based on the first comparative analysis result.

[0058] First, a real-time tidal height sequence was generated within the well. Real-time tidal height sequence outside the well Comparative analysis was conducted to verify the tidal characteristics of the sea surface inside and outside the standard tide gauge. According to the requirements of the "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation," the error between the water surface inside and outside the standard tide gauge should be less than 1 cm. Therefore, a comparative analysis of the real-time tide height sequence within the gauge was performed. Real-time tidal height sequence outside the well The average error (less than 1 cm) and correlation coefficient (greater than 0.9) were measured. Among these, the real-time tidal height sequence within the well was analyzed. Real-time tidal height sequence outside the well The average error is expressed as: in, This represents the average error of real-time tidal height during the 48-hour observation period, comparing the observations from both in-well and external instruments. The number of data points for real-time tidal height observation inside and outside the well is 2880, which can be taken as an example. The first observation of the in-well observation instruments and the outside-well observation instruments The absolute error of the real-time tide height; The first observation of the well-drilling instrument Real-time tide height; The first observation for external observation instruments Real-time tide height.

[0059] Real-time tidal height sequence in well Real-time tidal height sequence outside the well correlation coefficient Represented as: in, This represents the average real-time tidal height observed by the instruments inside the well. This represents the average real-time tidal height observed by external observation instruments.

[0060] If judgment A value not exceeding 1 cm is considered acceptable for real-time tidal height observed within the well. Correlation coefficient. A positive correlation, greater than or equal to 0.9, indicates a good correlation between the real-time tide height inside the well and the real-time tide height outside the well. The result is considered qualified data. If the correlation is good, the test is passed and the tidal observation elements inside the well can be used to participate in the subsequent comparison with the observation data of the tidal observation equipment in operation.

[0061] Secondly, a comparative analysis was conducted on the tidal range of high and low tides and the time difference between high and low tides observed inside and outside the well, i.e. ( , , , )and , , , By comparing the results, the average error method was selected, where the tidal range was less than 1 cm and the tidal duration was less than 1 minute, to verify the accuracy of the high and low tide data observed in the well.

[0062] The number of high and low tides selected from real-time tidal data may vary. For semi-diurnal tides, there are usually 8 high and low tides within the observation period (48 hours), while for diurnal tides, there are usually 4 high and low tides.

[0063] (4-2) Compare and analyze the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well that has passed the validity test with the data sequence of tidal observation elements observed by the tidal observation equipment to obtain the second comparison result, and verify the validity of the data sequence of tidal observation elements observed by the tidal observation equipment based on the second comparison result.

[0064] First, real-time tide height sequences were obtained from in-situ operating tidal observation equipment. Real-time tidal height sequence within the well A comparative analysis was conducted to verify the accuracy of observation data from in-situ operating tidal observation equipment. As an example, the comparative analysis employed the Bland-Altman consistency evaluation method, with the following steps: 1) Calculation and corresponding time The difference and average The formula is as follows: in, The first observation of the in-situ operating tidal observation equipment Real-time tide height; For the well observation instruments corresponding to the first Real-time tide height.

[0065] 2) Calculate the difference average The formula is as follows: As an example, Take the value 2880.

[0066] 3) Calculate the difference Standard deviation The formula is as follows: 4) Obtain the upper bound (ULOA) and lower bound (LLOA) of consistency using the Bland-Altman method: The horizontal axis represents the average value of the two observation methods, and the vertical axis represents the difference between the two observation methods, i.e., the difference between each pair of real-time tide height data ( and (Average) As the horizontal axis, each pair of real-time tide height data ( and The difference Use the vertical axis as the ordinate to plot a scatter plot, marking the points that cross the axis. The horizontal line is used as the center line, and the horizontal lines crossing ULOA and LLOA are marked as the upper and lower consistency limits, respectively. All scatter points falling between the upper and lower consistency limits are considered to be in good consistency between the two sets of data.

[0067] Secondly, a comparative analysis was conducted on the tidal range of high and low tides and the time difference between high and low tides observed by tidal observation equipment and well-drilled instruments, namely ( , , , )and( , , , By comparing the tidal range with the average error method, where the tidal range is less than 1 cm and the tidal duration is less than 1 minute, the accuracy of the high and low tide data observed by the tidal observation equipment is verified.

[0068] (4-3) Compare and analyze the start and end times in the tidal time data recorded by the timer with the start and end times in the tidal time data recorded by the tidal observation equipment to obtain the third comparison result. Verify the validity of the start and end observation times recorded by the tidal observation equipment based on the third comparison result.

[0069] As an example, the 48-hour tidal comparison observation is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, The timing error of the in-situ tidal observation equipment over 48 hours is expressed in seconds. The end time of a 48-hour timer for an in-situ operating tidal observation device, expressed in seconds; The start time for 48 hours of timing for in-situ operating tidal observation equipment, expressed in seconds; The end time for the 48-hour timer, expressed in seconds; The start time for the 48-hour timer, expressed in seconds.

[0070] In this application, video recognition technology and millimeter-wave radar technology are used to acquire long-term measurement data sequences (in-well water gauge image sequences and out-of-well sea surface distance data sequences) of the water surface inside and outside the standard tide gauge well. Based on the data preprocessing results, long-term real-time tidal observation elements such as real-time tide height, high tide height, high tide time, low tide height, and low tide time are acquired. The in-well and out-of-well tidal data are compared and analyzed with the tidal observation elements observed by the in-situ operating tidal observation equipment. This achieves automatic verification of the in-well and out-of-well data as required by "Marine Observation Specification Part 2: Coastal Observation", verifies that the tidal level difference inside and outside the tide gauge well meets the requirement of less than 1 cm, and has good wave suppression characteristics, ensuring the quality of the tidal observation data. This application enables long-term, real-time, automatic comparative analysis of in-situ tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauges. It solves the current problems of periodic, fixed-point, manual comparative analysis by observers, difficulties in on-site operation of cross-calibration of water gauges, and large errors in reading water gauges outside the wells during inclement weather. It allows for real-time comparison and detection of the tide gauges' tidal characteristics and wave-dissipating properties, real-time monitoring of tidal observation equipment data, and timely detection of observation errors. This further ensures the quality of tidal observation data from in-situ tidal observation equipment, effectively guaranteeing the accuracy of monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle of tidal observation equipment. It fills the gap in automatic comparative analysis of tidal observation equipment and provides strong technical support for the legality, accuracy, and consistency of marine tidal observation data.

[0071] This application also provides an application scenario in which the above-mentioned automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauges is applied. Specifically, the automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauges provided in this embodiment can be applied to data verification scenarios of in-situ operating tidal observation equipment. This scenario includes a data acquisition stage, a data analysis stage, and an equipment calibration stage. The data acquisition stage involves using in-well observation instruments to acquire in-well water gauge image sequences and using out-of-well observation instruments to acquire out-of-well sea surface distance data sequences. The data analysis stage involves determining the in-well tidal observation element data sequences based on the in-well water gauge image sequences; determining the out-of-well tidal observation element data sequences based on the out-of-well sea surface distance data sequences; and performing automatic on-site comparison of the tidal observation equipment based on the in-well tidal observation element data sequences, the out-of-well tidal observation element data sequences, the tidal observation element data sequences observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer. The equipment calibration stage involves performing data calibration on the in-situ operating tidal observation equipment based on the comparison results output by the data analysis stage. The on-site automatic comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells provided in this embodiment belongs to the data analysis stage.

[0072] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 3 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media to run. The database stores on-site automatic comparison data from tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauges. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an on-site automatic comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauges.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0074] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0075] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0076] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Moreover, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0078] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for automatic on-site comparison of tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells, characterized in that, include: Acquire the following data: in-well water gauge image sequence of standard tide gauges observed by in-well observation instruments; sea surface distance data sequence of standard tide gauges observed by external observation instruments; tidal observation element data sequence of tidal observation equipment; and tidal time data recorded by timers. Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well based on the sequence of water gauge images in the well; Determine the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well based on the data sequence of distance from the sea surface outside the well; Automatic on-site comparison of tidal observation data from the tidal observation equipment is performed based on the data sequence of tidal observation elements inside the well, the data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well, the data sequence of tidal observation elements observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer. Specifically, the data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well is determined based on the sequence of water gauge images in the well, including: Preprocess each water gauge image in the well water gauge image sequence to obtain a preprocessed water gauge image. For each preprocessed image of the water level gauge in the well, extract the reference scale on the water level gauge in the preprocessed image of the water level gauge in the well. For each preprocessed water level gauge image in the well, the scale lines in the preprocessed water level gauge image are detected, and the pixel coordinates of the detected scale lines are determined. The global scaling factor is determined based on the scale spacing between adjacent scale lines and the pixel coordinates of the scale lines. The real-time tide height sequence in the well is determined based on the global scaling factor, the extracted reference scale, and the pixel coordinates of the scale line corresponding to the water surface in the preprocessed well water level image. The data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well is determined based on the real-time tidal height sequence in the well. The data sequence of tidal observation elements in the well includes: the tidal height sequence of high tide in the well, the tidal time sequence of high tide in the well, the tidal height sequence of low tide in the well, and the tidal time sequence of low tide in the well.

2. The automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the real-time tide height in the wellbore real-time tide height sequence is as follows: In the formula, express Real-time tide height inside the well; express The reference scale extracted at any given time; Indicates the global scaling factor; This indicates the pixel coordinates of the baseline scale line in the image of the water gauge inside the well. express The pixel coordinates of the scale lines corresponding to the water surface in the water level gauge image after time-lapse preprocessing.

3. The automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data sequence of tidal observation elements outside the well is determined based on the sea surface distance data sequence outside the well, specifically including: The validity verification, anomaly detection and data repair, median filtering and median aggregation processing, digital amplitude limiting filtering based on the external tidal increment, and low-pass smoothing optimization of the external sea surface distance data sequence are performed to obtain the smoothed external sea surface distance data sequence. Tidal elements are extracted from the smoothed sea surface distance data sequence outside the well to obtain the tidal observation element data sequence outside the well; the tidal observation element data sequence outside the well includes: high tide sequence, high tide time sequence, low tide sequence, and low tide time sequence outside the well.

4. The automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells according to claim 3, characterized in that, Anomaly detection and data repair, specifically including: When there is a preset capacity of normal sea surface distance data outside the well in the data buffer pool, calculate the difference between each sea surface distance data outside the well in the sea surface distance data sequence and the reference distance data; the reference distance data refers to the median of the normal sea surface distance data outside the well in the data buffer pool; the difference between each normal sea surface distance data outside the well in the current data buffer pool and the current reference distance data is less than the preset threshold; For each well's distance from the sea surface, determine whether the corresponding difference is less than a preset threshold. If so, the current sea surface distance data outside the well is considered normal data. The sea surface distance data outside the well with the earliest time index in the current data buffer pool is removed, and the sea surface distance data outside the well that is currently considered normal data is stored in the current data buffer pool to update the data in the data buffer pool. If not, the current sea surface distance data outside the well is abnormal data. The median of the sea surface distance data outside the well in the current data buffer pool is used to repair the current abnormal data. This process continues until each sea surface distance data outside the well is traversed to obtain the repaired sea surface distance data sequence.

5. The automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The expression for digital amplitude limiting filtering based on external tidal increments is: in, In the formula, This represents the data sequence of distances from the sea surface outside the well after amplitude limiting and filtering; D is the vertical distance from the installation location of the external observation instrument to the mean sea level. This is the aggregated sea surface distance data sequence at the current moment; This represents the aggregated data sequence of distances from the sea surface outside the well at the previous moment; For reference to the external tidal increment; The maximum tidal range at the installation point of the tide gauge station. The rate of change of tidal level. For tide level, For time; The unit sampling time interval.

6. The automatic on-site comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the data sequences of tidal observation elements inside the well, the data sequences of tidal observation elements outside the well, the data sequences of tidal observation elements observed by the tidal observation equipment, and the tidal time data recorded by the timer, an automatic on-site comparison of the tidal observation equipment data is performed, specifically including: The average error method was used to compare and analyze the data sequences of tidal observation elements inside and outside the well, and the first comparative analysis result was obtained. The validity of the data sequences of tidal observation elements inside the well was verified based on the first comparative analysis result. The data sequences of tidal elements observed in the well that have passed the validity test are compared and analyzed with the data sequences of tidal elements observed by the tidal observation equipment to obtain a second comparison result. The validity of the data sequences of tidal elements observed by the tidal observation equipment is then verified based on the second comparison result. The start and end times of the tidal time data recorded by the timer are compared and analyzed with the start and end times of the tidal time data recorded by the tidal observation equipment to obtain a third comparison result. The validity of the tidal time data recorded by the tidal observation equipment is then verified based on the third comparison result.

7. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the on-site automatic comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the on-site automatic comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells, as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the on-site automatic comparison method for tidal observation equipment based on standard tide gauge wells, as described in any one of claims 1-6.

Images