Antenna bandwidth and frequency point tuning method for adjusting screw parameters and forbidden area

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna bandwidth and frequency point tuning method for adjusting screw parameters and a forbidden area, which comprises a circuit board and a screw serving as a radiator, the screw comprises a nut and a threaded end, the threaded end penetrates through the circuit board and is screwed into a fixed depth, the circuit board is provided with the forbidden area, and the forbidden area is arranged on the circuit board. The threaded end is divided into a first threaded section and a second threaded section, the first threaded section is arranged close to the nut, the second threaded section is located at the end, away from the nut, of the threaded end, and the thread outer diameter of the first threaded section is larger than that of the second threaded section. The contact area of the first threaded section and the circuit board is larger than that of the second threaded section and the circuit board, an annular groove is formed in the bottom of the nut, a dielectric ring is embedded in the annular groove, adjustable equivalent capacitance is formed between the dielectric ring and the circuit board, and a metal adjusting piece is arranged on the edge of the forbidden area. The metal adjusting sheet is in sliding connection with the circuit board through the sliding groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in no-fly zones. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous miniaturization of mobile communication devices and the increasing demand for multi-band operation, antenna design faces increasingly stringent space constraints. In terminal devices, screws are commonly used as radiators, serving as both radiators and structural anchors. Coarse tuning of the antenna's resonant frequency is achieved by adjusting the screw's depth or position. However, in practical applications, the single-screw structure often presents a contradiction between insufficient bandwidth and difficulty in achieving precise frequency tuning. On one hand, even small changes in screw depth can lead to drastic changes in inductance and capacitance parameters, resulting in excessive frequency shifts and hindering fine, continuous tuning. On the other hand, to prevent interference from nearby metal or components, a no-fly zone is often placed around the screw. However, the fixed range of this no-fly zone limits the optimization space for radiation efficiency and impedance matching, resulting in a narrow bandwidth that cannot fully cover the target frequency band. Furthermore, the traditional screw-to-circuit contact method is singular, and the contact area and distribution are difficult to adjust flexibly, further exacerbating the instability of parasitic parameters. These issues significantly increase the difficulty of tuning antennas in multi-band coexistence and miniaturized designs. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive method that can effectively adjust both the parameters of the screw itself and the characteristics of the no-air zone, so as to achieve wider bandwidth and more precise frequency control within a limited space, thereby meeting the ever-increasing requirements of modern wireless communication equipment for antenna performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in no-fly zones, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This application discloses that the threaded end is divided into a first threaded segment and a second threaded segment. The first threaded segment is located close to the nut, and the second threaded segment is located at the end of the threaded end away from the nut. The outer diameter of the thread of the first threaded segment is larger than that of the second threaded segment. The contact area between the first threaded segment and the circuit board is larger than that between the second threaded segment and the circuit board. An annular groove is provided at the bottom of the nut, and a dielectric ring is embedded in the annular groove. An adjustable equivalent capacitance is formed between the dielectric ring and the circuit board. A metal adjusting plate is provided at the edge of the no-air zone. The metal adjusting plate is slidably connected to the circuit board through a sliding groove. The sliding groove extends radially away from the center of the screw. A plurality of positioning holes are provided on the metal adjusting plate, and positioning pins are correspondingly provided on the circuit board. The positioning pins cooperate with the positioning holes to lock the position of the metal adjusting plate. The movement of the metal adjusting plate changes the effective edge position of the no-air zone. An auxiliary screw is also provided around the screw. The auxiliary screw and the main radiating screw are circumferentially distributed. The screwing depth of the auxiliary screw and the screwing depth of the main radiating screw form an adjustable depth difference. The auxiliary screw acts as a parasitic radiating unit and couples with the main radiating screw.

[0005] Furthermore, the length of the first threaded segment is one-third to one-half of the total length of the threaded end, and the length of the second threaded segment is one-half to two-thirds of the total length of the threaded end. The difference between the outer diameter of the first threaded segment and the outer diameter of the second threaded segment is between 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm. A transition section is provided between the first threaded segment and the second threaded segment. The transition section has a tapered structure and a length of one mm to three mm. The transition section achieves a smooth transition from the first threaded segment to the second threaded segment. When the first threaded segment is screwed into the circuit board, it preferentially contacts the inner wall of the screw hole of the circuit board. After the screw is fully screwed in, the second threaded segment contacts the bottom of the screw hole of the circuit board. The pitch of the first threaded segment and the second threaded segment is consistent, and the pitch is between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.

[0006] Furthermore, the dielectric ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramic material, and its thickness is adjustable between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. The inner diameter of the dielectric ring matches the inner diameter of the annular groove at the bottom of the nut. A gap of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm is left between the outer diameter of the dielectric ring and the outer diameter of the annular groove. The depth of the annular groove is greater than the thickness of the dielectric ring. An air gap is formed between the bottom surface of the dielectric ring and the surface of the circuit board, and the thickness of the air gap is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The equivalent capacitance can be adjusted by changing the dielectric ring with different thicknesses or different dielectric constants. A clamping ring is also provided at the bottom of the nut to fix the dielectric ring in the annular groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the metal adjusting plate has a rectangular plate structure, and the length direction of the metal adjusting plate is consistent with the extension direction of the slide groove. The slide groove is located on the outer side of the no-air zone edge of the circuit board. The slide groove has a T-shaped groove structure. The bottom of the metal adjusting plate is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the T-shaped groove. The positioning holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the metal adjusting plate, and the distance between adjacent positioning holes is 2 mm to 5 mm. The positioning pin has a detachable structure. After the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, it is locked by thread or buckle. The movement range of the metal adjusting plate is 4 mm to 10 mm, and the thickness of the metal adjusting plate is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of auxiliary screws is two to four, the center distance between the auxiliary screws and the main radial screws is eight to fifteen millimeters, the auxiliary screws are evenly distributed on the circumference, the length of the auxiliary screws is less than or equal to the length of the main radial screws, and the screwing depth of the auxiliary screws is achieved by independent adjustment, with the depth difference being between one and three millimeters.

[0009] Furthermore, the thread profile of the first thread segment is triangular, the thread profile of the second thread segment is trapezoidal, the thread apex angle of the first thread segment is 60 degrees, the thread apex angle of the second thread segment is 55 degrees, and the thread profile of the transition segment gradually transitions from triangular to trapezoidal.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping ring is an elastic metal ring, the inner diameter of the clamping ring is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the dielectric ring, the clamping ring is elastically deformed and inserted into the annular groove, and an insulating gasket is provided between the clamping ring and the dielectric ring, the thickness of the insulating gasket is 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, the insulating gasket prevents electrical contact between the clamping ring and the dielectric ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the metal adjusting plate is plated with a conductive coating, which is made of silver or copper. The metal adjusting plate is electrically connected to the circuit board through an elastic contact piece. The elastic contact piece is located at the bottom of the slide groove and maintains continuous contact with the bottom surface of the metal adjusting plate during its movement. The elastic contact piece is made of phosphor bronze or beryllium copper.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention discloses a method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone. Through innovative design of the radiating screw structure, dielectric ring, metal adjustment plate, and auxiliary screw, it effectively solves the problem of difficult precise tuning of antenna frequency and bandwidth. The threaded end adopts a design with a difference in outer diameter between the first and second threaded sections and a transition section, significantly changing the contact inductance and capacitance characteristics between the screw and the circuit board, achieving coarse frequency tuning. A replaceable dielectric ring is embedded at the bottom of the nut to form an adjustable equivalent capacitance, further refining the resonant frequency. A slidingly positioned metal adjustment plate is set at the edge of the no-fly zone, which changes the effective boundary of the no-fly zone through radial movement, flexibly optimizing impedance matching and bandwidth broadening. The auxiliary screw, as a parasitic unit, generates controllable coupling with the main screw, enhancing multimode resonance or parasitic effects through depth difference adjustment, thereby increasing bandwidth. The above structures work together to enable the antenna to achieve precise frequency shift and significant bandwidth broadening without changing the main design, through a combination of screw insertion depth, dielectric ring replacement, adjustment plate position, and auxiliary screw depth difference adjustments. This significantly improves the flexibility, accuracy, and production consistency of antenna tuning. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below according to its overall structure.

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0016] A method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in no-fly zones, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency of no-air zone, including circuit board 1 and screw 2 as radiator. The screw 2 includes nut 21 and threaded end 22. The threaded end 22 passes through circuit board 1 and is screwed into a fixed depth. No-air zone 11 is provided on circuit board 1.

[0017] For ease of description, directional terms used in this specification, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "radial," and "axial," are all referred to as "upper." Figure 1 The description is based on the normal installation and usage conditions shown.

[0018] Reference Figure 1-2 The threaded end 22 is divided into a first threaded section 221 and a second threaded section 222. The first threaded section 221 is located close to the nut 21, and the second threaded section 222 is located at the end of the threaded end 22 away from the nut 21. The outer diameter of the thread of the first threaded section 221 is larger than the outer diameter of the thread of the second threaded section 222, thereby forming a larger contact area between the first threaded section 221 and the inner wall of the screw hole of the circuit board 1.

[0019] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the nut 21 is provided with an annular groove 211, and a dielectric ring 3 is embedded in the annular groove 211. An adjustable equivalent capacitance is formed between the dielectric ring 3 and the surface of the circuit board 1. The thickness of the dielectric ring 3, the dielectric constant of the material, and the thickness of the air gap between the dielectric ring 3 and the circuit board 1 together determine the size of the equivalent capacitance, thereby affecting the resonance characteristics of the antenna.

[0020] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The edge of the no-air zone 11 is provided with a metal adjustment plate 4. The metal adjustment plate 4 is slidably connected to the circuit board 1 through a sliding groove 12. The sliding groove 12 extends in a radial direction away from the center of the screw 2. The metal adjustment plate 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 41. The circuit board 1 is provided with corresponding positioning pins 13. The positioning pins 13 cooperate with the positioning holes 41 to lock the position of the metal adjustment plate 4. By moving and locking the metal adjustment plate 4, the effective edge position of the no-air zone can be changed, thereby adjusting the coupling capacitance between the radiator and the ground and optimizing the matching characteristics.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, an auxiliary screw 5 is also provided around the screw 2. The auxiliary screw 5 and the main radiating screw 2 are circumferentially distributed. The screwing depth of the auxiliary screw 5 and the screwing depth of the main radiating screw 2 form an adjustable depth difference. The auxiliary screw 5, as a parasitic radiating unit, couples with the main radiating screw 2, which can further broaden the bandwidth or form multiple resonant points.

[0022] Reference Figure 2The length of the first threaded segment 221 is preferably one-third to one-half of the total length of the threaded end 22, and the length of the second threaded segment 222 is preferably one-half to two-thirds of the total length of the threaded end 22. The difference between the outer diameter of the thread of the first threaded segment 221 and the outer diameter of the thread of the second threaded segment 222 is controlled between 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm. A transition segment 223 is provided between the first threaded segment 221 and the second threaded segment 222. The transition segment 223 has a tapered structure and its length is preferably 1 mm to 3 mm to achieve a smooth transition of the outer diameter of the thread, avoid stress concentration, and ensure the stability of the screwing torque.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, during the screw 2 screwing process, the first thread segment 221 preferentially contacts the inner wall of the screw hole of the circuit board 1 to form the main current path. The second thread segment 222 contacts the bottom of the screw hole after the screw 2 is fully screwed in, further extending the current path or changing the distributed inductance characteristics, thereby realizing frequency tuning at different screwing depths.

[0024] Reference Figure 2 The dielectric ring 3 is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene or high dielectric constant ceramic material, and its thickness can be selected between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. By replacing the dielectric ring 3 with different thicknesses or different dielectric constants, the equivalent capacitance value between the bottom of the nut 21 and the circuit board 1 can be precisely adjusted. The depth of the annular groove 211 is slightly greater than the thickness of the dielectric ring 3, so that an air gap of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm is maintained between the bottom surface of the dielectric ring 3 and the surface of the circuit board 1. The bottom of the nut 21 is also provided with a clamping ring 6, which reliably fixes the dielectric ring 3 in the annular groove 211.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, the clamping ring 6 is preferably an elastic metal ring with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the dielectric ring 3. It is inserted into the annular groove 211 through elastic deformation. An insulating gasket 61 can be provided between the clamping ring 6 and the dielectric ring 3. The thickness of the insulating gasket 61 is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm to avoid direct metal contact and the generation of additional parasitic parameters.

[0026] Reference Figure 4 The metal adjusting plate 4 adopts a rectangular plate structure, and its length direction is consistent with the extension direction of the slide groove 12. The slide groove 12 is a T-shaped groove structure. The bottom of the metal adjusting plate 4 is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the T-shaped groove to prevent it from falling off. The positioning holes 41 are evenly distributed along the length direction, and the spacing is preferably 2 mm to 5 mm. The movement range of the metal adjusting plate 4 is controlled between 4 mm and 10 mm. Its thickness is preferably 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The surface can be plated with silver or copper to reduce high frequency loss.

[0027] like Figure 5As shown, to ensure a reliable electrical connection, the metal adjusting plate 4 and the circuit board 1 are in continuous contact through an elastic contact plate 14 located at the bottom of the slide groove 12. The elastic contact plate 14 is preferably made of phosphor bronze or beryllium copper material, which maintains a low impedance electrical connection during the sliding of the metal adjusting plate 4.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 The number of auxiliary screws 5 is preferably 2 to 4, and the center distance between them and the main radiating screw 2 is preferably 8 mm to 15 mm. They are evenly distributed on the circumference. The length of each auxiliary screw 5 is less than or equal to the length of the main radiating screw 2. By independently adjusting the screwing depth of each auxiliary screw 5, a depth difference of 1 mm to 3 mm is formed, thereby adjusting the parasitic coupling strength and realizing bandwidth broadening or impedance fine-tuning.

[0029] This invention, through the aforementioned structure, provides multi-dimensional tuning methods while maintaining the use of standard screw specifications: adjusting the resonant path length through segmented design of the threaded end and different screw-in depths; adjusting the bottom equivalent capacitance through a replaceable dielectric ring; optimizing edge coupling in the no-air zone through a sliding metal adjustment piece; and introducing controllable parasitic units through an auxiliary screw. This effectively overcomes the shortcomings of single-length screw antennas, such as poor frequency band adaptability and insufficient matching characteristics, achieving adjustable center frequency, broadened bandwidth, and optimized reflection coefficient. This significantly improves the practicality and versatility of screw antennas in wireless communication products.

[0030] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the tooth profiles of the first thread segment and the second thread segment can be designed to be other suitable high-frequency current transmission tooth profiles, or the number of auxiliary screws can be adjusted to a non-uniform distribution to produce directional differences. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. The above are merely specific embodiments of this application. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone, comprising a circuit board and a screw as a radiator, the screw comprising a nut and a threaded end, the threaded end passing through the circuit board and screwed in to a fixed depth, the circuit board having a no-fly zone, characterized in that: The threaded end is divided into a first threaded segment and a second threaded segment. The first threaded segment is located close to the nut, and the second threaded segment is located at the end of the threaded end furthest from the nut. The outer diameter of the first threaded segment is larger than that of the second threaded segment. The contact area between the first threaded segment and the circuit board is larger than that between the second threaded segment and the circuit board. An annular groove is provided at the bottom of the nut, and a dielectric ring is embedded in the annular groove. An adjustable equivalent capacitance is formed between the dielectric ring and the circuit board. A metal adjusting plate is provided at the edge of the no-air zone. The metal adjusting plate is slidably connected to the circuit board through a sliding groove. The sliding groove extends radially away from the center of the screw. Several positioning holes are provided on the metal adjusting plate, and positioning pins are correspondingly provided on the circuit board. The positioning pins cooperate with the positioning holes to lock the position of the metal adjusting plate. The movement of the metal adjusting plate changes the effective edge position of the no-air zone. An auxiliary screw is also provided around the screw. The auxiliary screws are circumferentially distributed with the main radiating screw. The screwing depth of the auxiliary screws and the screwing depth of the main radiating screws form an adjustable depth difference. The auxiliary screws, as parasitic radiating units, couple with the main radiating screws.

2. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first threaded segment is one-third to one-half of the total length of the threaded end, and the length of the second threaded segment is one-half to two-thirds of the total length of the threaded end. The difference between the outer diameter of the first threaded segment and the outer diameter of the second threaded segment is between 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm. A transition section is provided between the first threaded segment and the second threaded segment. The transition section has a tapered structure and a length of one mm to three mm. The transition section achieves a smooth transition from the first threaded segment to the second threaded segment. When the first threaded segment is screwed into the circuit board, it preferentially contacts the inner wall of the screw hole of the circuit board. After the screw is fully screwed in, the second threaded segment contacts the bottom of the screw hole of the circuit board. The pitch of the first threaded segment and the second threaded segment is consistent, and the pitch is between 0.5 mm and one mm.

3. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramic material. The thickness of the dielectric ring is adjustable between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. The inner diameter of the dielectric ring matches the inner diameter of the annular groove at the bottom of the nut. There is a gap of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm between the outer diameter of the dielectric ring and the outer diameter of the annular groove. The depth of the annular groove is greater than the thickness of the dielectric ring. An air gap is formed between the bottom surface of the dielectric ring and the surface of the circuit board. The thickness of the air gap is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The equivalent capacitance can be adjusted by changing the dielectric ring with different thicknesses or different dielectric constants. A clamping ring is also provided at the bottom of the nut to fix the dielectric ring in the annular groove.

4. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal adjusting plate is a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the metal adjusting plate is consistent with the extension direction of the slide groove. The slide groove is located on the outer side of the no-air zone edge of the circuit board. The slide groove is a T-shaped groove structure. The bottom of the metal adjusting plate is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the T-shaped groove. The positioning holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the metal adjusting plate. The distance between adjacent positioning holes is 2 mm to 5 mm. The positioning pin is a detachable structure. After the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, it is locked by thread or buckle. The movement range of the metal adjusting plate is 4 mm to 10 mm. The thickness of the metal adjusting plate is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

5. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of auxiliary screws is two to four, the center distance between the auxiliary screws and the main radial screws is eight to fifteen millimeters, the auxiliary screws are evenly distributed on the circumference, the length of the auxiliary screws is less than or equal to the length of the main radial screws, and the screwing depth of the auxiliary screws is achieved by independent adjustment, with the depth difference being between one and three millimeters.

6. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first thread segment has a triangular thread profile, the second thread segment has a trapezoidal thread profile, the first thread segment has a thread apex angle of 60 degrees, the second thread segment has a thread apex angle of 55 degrees, and the transition segment's thread profile gradually transitions from triangular to trapezoidal.

7. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping ring is an elastic metal ring with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the dielectric ring. The clamping ring is elastically deformed and inserted into an annular groove. An insulating gasket is provided between the clamping ring and the dielectric ring. The thickness of the insulating gasket is 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. The insulating gasket prevents electrical contact between the clamping ring and the dielectric ring.

8. The method for adjusting screw parameters and tuning antenna bandwidth and frequency in a no-fly zone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the metal adjusting plate is coated with a conductive coating, which is made of silver or copper. The metal adjusting plate is electrically connected to the circuit board through an elastic contact piece. The elastic contact piece is located at the bottom of the slide groove and maintains continuous contact with the bottom surface of the metal adjusting plate during its movement. The elastic contact piece is made of phosphor bronze or beryllium copper.

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