Broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method and system based on beam amplitude selection
By constructing virtual detection beams and performing joint detection, the problem of excessive resource consumption in broadband digital multi-beam systems is solved, achieving both hardware resource savings and guaranteed detection performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610200039.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In existing broadband digital multibeam systems, independent detection across all beams and channels leads to excessive resource consumption, increased system power consumption, and unacceptable complexity.
A broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection is adopted. By constructing virtual detection beams and joint detection, resource consumption is reduced, parallel detection channels are reduced, and signal detection and measurement are carried out using the maximum signal energy.
It significantly reduces hardware resource requirements, reduces detection resource consumption by nearly M times, provides prior information on the direction of signal arrival, avoids missed detections, and ensures detection sensitivity.
Smart Images
Figure CN122052925A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital signal processing technology, and more specifically, to a broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method and system based on large beam amplitude selection. Background Technology
[0002] To achieve signal search and interception across a wide spatial domain and full frequency band, broadband digital multibeam technology has been widely used. However, with the rapid increase in instantaneous bandwidth and the number of beams, each beam needs to be channelized and evenly divided into dozens of narrowband channels before detection. Detecting all channels of each beam independently would result in enormous hardware resource consumption, increased system power consumption, and prohibitively high costs and complexity.
[0003] However, in real electromagnetic environments, a signal of a specific frequency typically originates from only one or a few directions at any given time. Traditional methods of independent detection for each beam perform redundant and meaningless detection calculations on most signal-free channels, resulting in significant resource waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can fully utilize the spatial sparsity of signals and significantly reduce the resource consumption of multi-beam detection. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection, so as to solve the problem of excessive resource consumption caused by independent detection of all beams and all channels in existing broadband digital multi-beam systems, and to significantly reduce the hardware resource requirements of signal detection and measurement links while ensuring detection performance.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection, comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1: Broadband digital multibeamforming, which performs digital multibeamforming on the echo data from the AD channel of the receiving array;
[0007] S2: Channelization, using multi-filter channelization technology to evenly divide the wideband signal into N parallel narrowband channels according to a preset frequency interval;
[0008] S3: Virtual detection beam construction. For the same channel, compare the amplitude of each range gate signal of all beams on that channel, and select the value with the largest amplitude as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel.
[0009] S4: Joint detection, within each channel, performs signal detection on the virtual detection beam constructed above;
[0010] S5: Signal Attribution Decision. Within each channel, based on the start of the signal envelope, the original beam data corresponding to that channel is traced back, the average amplitude at the start of the envelope is compared, the beam with the largest amplitude is determined as the direction of signal arrival, the beam number of this signal is marked as that beam, and the original data of that beam is switched as the input for fine measurement.
[0011] S6: Refined measurement: Within each channel, using data from the selected beam, measures various parameters of the signal.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2:
[0013] Each channel has P sampling points, let Let represent the amplitude of the k-th channel at the i-th distance unit, where Indicates the channel index. Indicates the distance gate index. This represents the distance gate index.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3:
[0015] Compare the signal amplitudes of the M signals in the i-th range cell of the k-th channel, and select the largest amplitude value as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel, denoted as . , represented as:
[0016] ;
[0017] This virtual amplitude is used for joint detection, and the virtual detection beam reflects the maximum signal energy that may exist on each channel in all beams.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4:
[0019] Signal detection includes threshold detection and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection. Let the fixed threshold be Th, and the decision is as follows:
[0020] ;
[0021] If the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold Th, it is judged as 1; otherwise, it is judged as 0, thus forming a signal envelope. The detection result will output a series of signal identifier envelopes, including the channel position of the detected signal and its corresponding joint amplitude value. k is the channel number.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S6:
[0023] The parameters include frequency, angle of arrival (DOA), pulse width (PW), time of arrival (TOA), and pulse width (PW).
[0024] The present invention also provides a broadband digital multi-beam joint detection system based on large beam amplitude selection for implementing the above method, comprising:
[0025] The broadband digital multibeamforming module performs digital multibeamforming on the echo data from the AD channel of the receiving array.
[0026] The channelization module uses multiple filtering channelization techniques to evenly divide the wideband signal into N parallel narrowband channels according to a preset frequency interval;
[0027] The virtual detection beam construction module compares the amplitude of each range gate signal of all beams on the same channel and selects the value with the largest amplitude as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel.
[0028] The joint detection module performs signal detection on the virtual detection beam constructed above within each channel;
[0029] The signal attribution decision module, within each channel, traces back the original beam data corresponding to that channel based on the start of the signal envelope, compares the average amplitude at the start of the envelope, determines the beam with the largest amplitude as the direction of signal arrival, marks the beam number of this signal as that beam, and simultaneously switches the original data of that beam as the input for fine measurement.
[0030] The precision measurement module measures various parameters of the signal within each channel using data from the selected beam.
[0031] As described above, the technical solution adopted in this invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0032] 1. This invention drastically reduces resource consumption, reducing the number of parallel detection channels (M, where M is the number of beams) to a single joint detection channel, resulting in resource savings of nearly M times for detection and subsequent measurement processes.
[0033] 2. By comparing the largest beam and the backtracking beam, this invention can immediately determine the index of the beam with the strongest signal amplitude. This directly provides a rough direction of arrival for the signal, avoids repeated detection of multiple beams, reduces fusion resources for subsequent processing, and provides prior information.
[0034] 3. This invention ensures detection sensitivity. By adopting the principle of selecting the largest value, the maximum energy value among all beams is detected jointly. As long as the signal is effectively received by any beam, its energy can enter the detection stage, avoiding false alarms caused by the signal energy being dispersed across multiple beams. Attached Figure Description
[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection according to the present invention.
[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the simulation effect of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0038] The embodiments provided by the present invention will be described in detail below:
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a broadband digital multi-beam joint detection based on large beam amplitude selection (such as...). Figure 1 This method changes the traditional "separate first, then test" approach to a "combine first, then separate, then measure in detail" approach. Through a single joint detection channel, it quickly identifies channels where signals may exist, then traces back to the specific beam for precise measurement, thus avoiding resource waste in signal-free areas. Key features include:
[0040] S1: Broadband digital multibeamforming, which performs digital multibeamforming on the echo data from the AD channel of the receiving array;
[0041] S2: Channelization, using multi-filter channelization technology to evenly divide the wideband signal into N parallel narrowband channels according to a preset frequency interval;
[0042] S3: Virtual detection beam construction. For the same channel, compare the amplitude of each range gate signal of all beams on that channel, and select the value with the largest amplitude as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel.
[0043] S4: Joint detection, within each channel, performs signal detection on the virtual detection beam constructed above;
[0044] S5: Signal Attribution Decision. Within each channel, based on the start of the signal envelope, the original beam data corresponding to that channel is traced back, the average amplitude at the start of the envelope is compared, the beam with the largest amplitude is determined as the direction of signal arrival, the beam number of this signal is marked as that beam, and the original data of that beam is switched as the input for fine measurement.
[0045] S6: Refined measurement: Within each channel, using data from the selected beam, measures various parameters of the signal.
[0046] As a preferred embodiment, in step S2:
[0047] Each channel has P sampling points, let Let represent the amplitude of the k-th channel at the i-th distance unit, where Indicates the channel index. Indicates the distance gate index. This represents the distance gate index.
[0048] As a preferred embodiment, in step S3:
[0049] Compare the signal amplitudes of the M signals in the i-th range cell of the k-th channel, and select the largest amplitude value as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel, denoted as . , represented as:
[0050] ;
[0051] This virtual amplitude is used for joint detection, and the virtual detection beam reflects the maximum signal energy that may exist on each channel in all beams.
[0052] As a preferred embodiment, in step S4:
[0053] Signal detection includes threshold detection and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection. Let the fixed threshold be Th, and the decision is as follows:
[0054] ;
[0055] If the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold Th, it is judged as 1; otherwise, it is judged as 0, thus forming a signal envelope. The detection result will output a series of signal identifier envelopes, including the channel position of the detected signal and its corresponding joint amplitude value. k is the channel number.
[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment simulates a 480M sampling IQ (real and imaginary parts), with a sampling of an LFM (linear frequency modulation) signal with a pulse width of 10µs, a period of 50µs, a center frequency of 12.5M, and a bandwidth of 5M. This signal is received by 32 AD array receiving channels and synthesized into M=4 beams by a broadband digital multi-beamforming module. The signal enters from the main lobe of beam 3 and from the sidelobe of beam 2.
[0057] The channelization module employs multi-stage filtering channelization technology to evenly divide the wideband signal into N=16 parallel narrowband channels at preset frequency intervals for the four 480MHz broadband beams. Each channel has a sampling rate of 60MHz and a bandwidth of 30MHz. The signal falls on the 9th channel. Figure 2 ;
[0058] The virtual detection beamforming module compares the amplitude of each range gate signal for all four beams across the 16 channels. The largest amplitude value is selected as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel, used for joint detection.
[0059] The joint detection module performs constant false alarm signal detection on the virtual detection beam constructed above in each channel, and detects the signal in the 9th channel;
[0060] The signal attribution decision module traces back the original data of the four beams corresponding to the 9th channel, compares the actual amplitude of these four beams when the signal is identified, and determines that the one with the largest amplitude is the signal from beam 3, and marks this signal as the 3rd beam of the 9th channel;
[0061] The precision measurement module, within the 9th channel, uses data from the 3rd beam to precisely measure parameters such as frequency, angle of arrival (DOA), pulse width (PW), time of arrival (TOA), and pulse width (PW) of the signal.
[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Broadband digital multibeamforming, which performs digital multibeamforming on the echo data from the AD channel of the receiving array; S2: Channelization, using multi-filter channelization technology to evenly divide the wideband signal into N parallel narrowband channels according to a preset frequency interval; S3: Virtual detection beam construction. For the same channel, compare the amplitude of each range gate signal of all beams on that channel, and select the value with the largest amplitude as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel. S4: Joint detection, within each channel, performs signal detection on the virtual detection beam constructed above; S5: Signal Attribution Decision. Within each channel, based on the start of the signal envelope, the original beam data corresponding to that channel is traced back, the average amplitude at the start of the envelope is compared, the beam with the largest amplitude is determined as the direction of signal arrival, the beam number of this signal is marked as that beam, and the original data of that beam is switched as the input for fine measurement. S6: Refined measurement: Within each channel, using data from the selected beam, measures various parameters of the signal.
2. The broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2: Each channel has P sampling points, let Let represent the amplitude of the k-th channel at the i-th distance unit, where Indicates the channel index. Indicates the distance gate index. This represents the distance gate index.
3. The broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S3: Compare the signal amplitudes of the M signals in the i-th range cell of the k-th channel, and select the largest amplitude value as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel, denoted as . , represented as: ； This virtual amplitude is used for joint detection, and the virtual detection beam reflects the maximum signal energy that may exist on each channel in all beams.
4. The broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4: Signal detection includes threshold detection and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection. Let the fixed threshold be Th, and the decision is as follows: ； If the signal is greater than or equal to the threshold Th, it is judged as 1; otherwise, it is judged as 0, thus forming a signal envelope. The detection result will output a series of signal identifier envelopes, including the channel position of the detected signal and its corresponding joint amplitude value. k is the channel number.
5. The broadband digital multi-beam joint detection method based on large beam amplitude selection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S6: The parameters include frequency, angle of arrival (DOA), pulse width (PW), time of arrival (TOA), and pulse width (PW).
6. A broadband digital multi-beam joint detection system based on large beam amplitude selection for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The broadband digital multibeamforming module performs digital multibeamforming on the echo data from the AD channel of the receiving array. The channelization module uses multiple filtering channelization techniques to evenly divide the wideband signal into N parallel narrowband channels according to a preset frequency interval; The virtual detection beam construction module compares the amplitude of each range gate signal of all beams on the same channel and selects the value with the largest amplitude as the amplitude of the virtual detection beam for that channel. The joint detection module performs signal detection on the virtual detection beam constructed above within each channel; The signal attribution decision module, within each channel, traces back the original beam data corresponding to that channel based on the start of the signal envelope, compares the average amplitude at the start of the envelope, determines the beam with the largest amplitude as the direction of signal arrival, marks the beam number of this signal as that beam, and simultaneously switches the original data of that beam as the input for fine measurement. The precision measurement module measures various parameters of the signal within each channel using data from the selected beam.