Water-cooled large-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet body suitable for being installed on seagoing ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-cooled large-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for being installed on a seagoing ship. The water-cooled large-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet comprises a shell and a liquid cooling circulation system arranged in the shell. The interior of the shell is divided into a plurality of areas according to functions and at least comprises a load installation area, a signal exchange area, a liquid inlet and outlet area, a primary loop device installation area, a secondary loop device installation area, a power switch installation area and a liquid leakage monitoring area. The power switch mounting area is arranged on the surface of a liquid cooling plate of the liquid cooling circulation system; the liquid leakage monitoring area is arranged at the bottom of the shell and provided with a liquid leakage monitoring device composed of a water receiving plate and a liquid leakage detection belt. The liquid inlet and outlet area is arranged at the bottom of the shell and internally provided with a liquid inlet and outlet mechanism connected with the liquid cooling circulation system and an external cooling-water machine. Through efficient liquid cooling heat dissipation, clear function division, reliable liquid leakage monitoring and strong anti-vibration sealing design, reliable operation under high power density is achieved, and the device is particularly suitable for a marine ship electric power system with extremely high requirements for reliability and environmental adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-state circuit breaker technology, and more specifically to a water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for installation on marine vessels. Background Technology

[0002] With the new energy revolution and the intelligent upgrading of power systems, the traditional mechanical circuit breaker's reliance on mechanical movement is no longer sufficient to meet the core requirements of modern power systems for rapid protection and high reliability. Its limitations in response speed, bulky size, susceptibility to environmental interference, and short lifespan are becoming increasingly prominent. Solid-state circuit breakers, with their all-solid-state, mechanical-free design, exhibit disruptive technological advantages: employing power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs and SiC MOSFETs, they achieve microsecond-level fault response, quickly isolating short-circuit faults to ensure system safety; they generate no electric arc and have zero mechanical wear, significantly extending their service life and making them suitable for high-frequency operation scenarios; their compact design greatly reduces size and weight, while also possessing strong environmental adaptability, able to withstand harsh temperature and humidity conditions.

[0003] The electrification of the shipping industry and the development of green ships are driving the upgrade of marine ship power systems to high-voltage DC and large-capacity, highlighting the demand for high-current operation of propulsion systems, energy storage, and other equipment. However, when high current is carried out, the power devices inside the cabinet will generate high-density heat, and the ventilation of the ship's power distribution room is limited. If the heat dissipation design is insufficient, it will cause the devices to overheat and fail, directly affecting the reliability of circuit breakers. Secondly, the high vibration and turbulent navigation of marine ships can easily cause the cabinet structure to loosen, which may lead to poor contact at the busbar connection points, causing partial discharge or even short circuit risks. In addition, the space on ships is compact, and salt spray and humid heat corrosion are severe. The cabinet must simultaneously meet the requirements of miniaturization and integration, salt spray corrosion resistance, and electromagnetic interference resistance. Traditional cabinet sealing and insulation designs are difficult to balance protection performance and heat dissipation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for installation on marine vessels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for installation on marine vessels, in order to solve the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, poor vibration resistance and insufficient protection performance in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for installation on marine vessels includes a housing and a liquid-cooled circulation system disposed within the housing. The liquid-cooled circulation system includes a liquid-cooled plate. The housing is functionally divided into multiple areas, including at least a load mounting area, a signal exchange area, a liquid inlet / outlet area, a primary circuit device mounting area, a secondary circuit device mounting area, a power switch mounting area, and a leakage monitoring area. The power switch mounting area is arranged on the surface of the liquid-cooled plate. The leakage monitoring area is located at the bottom of the housing and is equipped with a leakage monitoring device, which includes a water receiving plate and a leakage detection strip mounted on the water receiving plate. The liquid inlet / outlet area is located at the bottom of the housing and has a liquid inlet / outlet mechanism connected between the liquid-cooled circulation system and an external chiller to form a closed-loop heat dissipation circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the load mounting area is located at the top of the housing, where a primary circuit copper busbar is integrated. This primary circuit copper busbar includes a load input copper busbar, a load output copper busbar, an input sampling copper busbar, and an output sampling copper busbar. Voltage sensors are installed between the load input copper busbar and the input sampling copper busbar, and between the load output copper busbar and the output sampling copper busbar. Current sensors are installed at the load input copper busbar and the load output copper busbar. Temperature sensors are installed at the contact points between the power switch mounting area and the liquid cooling plate, and at the overlap points with the primary circuit copper busbar. A main control board is installed in the secondary circuit device mounting area. The monitoring data from the voltage, current, and temperature sensors are all transmitted to the main control board. The main control board has built-in preset threshold judgment logic and can trigger protection commands to cut off the circuit loop. These settings enable real-time monitoring and active protection of key electrical parameters and thermal status within the cabinet, improving the safety and reliability of equipment operation.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple power switching devices integrated on the same liquid cooling plate are packaged into a standardized power switching module through a stacked busbar. The power switching module has two reserved connecting copper busbars for quick connection to the load input copper busbar and the load output copper busbar, respectively. The housing is a modular and expandable structure, which can be adapted to different current level requirements by increasing or decreasing the number of power switch installation areas, liquid cooling plates and inlet / outlet pipes, so as to improve the assembly efficiency and scenario adaptability of the cabinet and reduce the cost of customized development.

[0009] Furthermore, the housing is provided with a front door, a top cover, a rear door, and an insulating cover plate; waterproof sealant is embedded in the connection gaps between the front door, top cover, rear door, and insulating cover plate and the housing; the insulating cover plate has a sealing groove; the penetration position of the primary circuit copper busbar extending out of the housing is sealed with glue to improve the overall sealing and protection performance of the cabinet and adapt to the harsh environment of high salt spray and high humidity on seagoing vessels.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary circuit device mounting area is located inside the housing on the back side, corresponding to the rear door, and is equipped with a primary circuit device mounting plate for mounting the drive power supply, voltage sensor, resistor, diode, and contactor. The secondary circuit device mounting area is located inside the housing on the top layer, corresponding to the top cover, and is equipped with a secondary circuit device mounting plate for mounting the main control board and the leak location detector. This arrangement achieves a separate layout for strong and weak current circuits, facilitating installation, debugging, and subsequent maintenance, and avoiding electromagnetic interference.

[0011] Furthermore, except for the front door, rear door, and top cover areas requiring maintenance, the remaining parts of the housing adopt a welded integral structure. The primary circuit copper shield is connected to the housing via insulators, and both ends are equipped with insulating fixing plates and insulating support plates for installation and locking. The housing also contains limiting blocks to restrict the position of the liquid cooling plate. Vibration damping pads are provided at the installation contact points of the secondary circuit device mounting plate, primary circuit device mounting plate, insulating support plate, limiting blocks, and liquid cooling plate to enhance the cabinet's vibration resistance and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment during sea voyages.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid inlet and outlet mechanism includes a liquid inlet distributor, a liquid outlet distributor, a primary liquid inlet connector, a primary liquid outlet connector, a secondary liquid inlet connector, and a secondary liquid outlet connector. The inlet of the liquid inlet distributor is connected to the outlet of an external chiller via the primary liquid inlet connector. Multiple outlets of the liquid inlet distributor are connected to the inlets of each liquid-cooled plate via secondary liquid inlets. The outlets of each liquid-cooled plate are connected to multiple inlets of the liquid outlet distributor via secondary liquid outlet connectors. The outlet of the liquid outlet distributor is connected to the inlet of an external chiller via the primary liquid outlet connector, forming a complete closed-loop cooling circuit. Hydraulic sensors are installed on the inlet pipe of the liquid inlet distributor and the outlet pipe of the liquid outlet distributor. These features enable precise monitoring and adjustment of the coolant circulation status, ensuring stable operation of the cooling system.

[0013] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet water distributors are equipped with multiple adjustable pipe interfaces for adjusting the number of liquid cooling branches according to the increase or decrease of the power switch installation area; the hydraulic sensors include an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor, which are respectively installed on the inlet pipe of the inlet water distributor and the outlet pipe of the outlet water distributor, and are used to monitor the coolant pressure status of the inlet and outlet pipes; the main control board is also used to record abnormal parameters and fault locations, and to provide data support for subsequent maintenance and repair.

[0014] Furthermore, the signal exchange area integrates multiple aviation plugs and sockets, including auxiliary power input sockets, indicator light function sockets, button function sockets, and communication function sockets; the aviation plugs and sockets are compatible with snap-on or threaded connectors for direct mating, and have waterproof, vibration-proof, and corrosion-resistant properties, improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of signal transmission and adapting to the complex working conditions of seagoing vessels.

[0015] Furthermore, the leakage monitoring device also includes a fixing cover for securing the leakage detection strip, and a connecting terminal block and a terminal block electrically connected to both ends of the leakage detection strip, respectively. The water receiving plate has a trapezoidal structure with a lower front and a higher rear. The leakage detection strip is laid out on the surface of the water receiving plate in a serpentine structure and is positioned by the fixing cover. Both ends of the leakage detection strip are electrically connected to the connecting terminal block and the terminal block, respectively, forming a complete leakage monitoring circuit. These features improve the sensitivity and reliability of leakage detection and prevent the risk of electrical short circuits caused by coolant leakage.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) High-efficiency liquid cooling: Through the close fit design between the liquid cooling circulation system and the power switch mounting area, high-efficiency heat dissipation under high current conditions is achieved, ensuring the long-term stable operation of power devices.

[0017] (2) Clear functional zoning: The cabinet is divided into multiple independent areas according to function, which facilitates installation, debugging and maintenance, while effectively isolating strong and weak electrical signals and reducing electromagnetic interference.

[0018] (3) Leakage monitoring and safety assurance: The water receiving plate adopts an inclined structure and a serpentine leakage detection strip to ensure that the coolant leakage is detected and alarmed in time, avoiding the risk of electrical short circuit.

[0019] (4) Vibration resistance and sealing protection: The welded integrated structure combined with the shock-absorbing pad design is adapted to the high vibration environment of marine vessels; multiple sealants and potting treatments effectively resist salt spray and moisture corrosion.

[0020] (5) Modular and scalable design: It supports the series and parallel combination of power switch modules, and can be flexibly expanded according to the current level to adapt to various marine power system scenarios.

[0021] (6) Intelligent monitoring and control: Integrating multiple types of sensors and main control board, it realizes real-time monitoring and protection command triggering of parameters such as current, voltage, temperature, and hydraulic pressure, thereby improving the intelligence level of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cabinet described in this invention.

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the functional area division of the cabinet described in this invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front door and top cover in the open state as described in this invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back door in the open state as described in this invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the interior of the cabinet described in this invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the leakage monitoring device described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of the load mounting area described in this invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling circulation system described in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 100-Housing; 101-Housing cavity; 102-Front door; 103-Top cover; 104-Rear door; 105-Waterproof sealant; 106-Secondary circuit device mounting plate; 107-Primary circuit device mounting plate; 108-Insulating cover plate; 109-Insulating fixing plate; 110-Insulating support plate; 111-Limiting block; 112-Vibration damping pad; 113-Water receiving plate; 114-Leakage detection strip; 115-Fixing cover; 116-Connecting terminal block; 117-Terminal terminal block; 100a-Load mounting area; 100b-Signal exchange area; 100c-Inlet / outlet liquid area; 100d-Primary circuit device mounting area; 100e-Secondary circuit device mounting area; 100f-First power switch Installation area; 100g - Second power switch installation area; 100h - Leakage monitoring area; 200 - Aviation plug and socket; 201 - Auxiliary power input socket; 202 - Indicator light function socket; 203 - Button function socket; 204 - Communication function socket; 300 - Primary circuit copper busbar; 301 - Load input copper busbar; 302 - Load output copper busbar; 303 - Input sampling copper busbar; 304 - Output sampling copper busbar; 400 - Liquid cooling circulation system; 401 - Liquid cooling plate; 402 - Liquid cooling plate; 403 - Inlet distributor; 404 - Outlet distributor; 405 - First-stage inlet connector; 406 - First-stage outlet connector; 407 - Second-stage inlet connector; 408 - Second-stage outlet connector; 409 - Hydraulic sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Example 1

[0034] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for installation on marine vessels. Through efficient liquid cooling, clear functional zoning, reliable leakage monitoring, and robust vibration-resistant sealing design, it solves the problems of traditional circuit breaker cabinets having difficulty in heat dissipation, easy loosening, and poor protection in marine environments.

[0035] The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet for marine installation described in this embodiment mainly includes a housing 100, an aviation plug and socket 200 integrated thereon, a primary circuit copper busbar 300, and a liquid cooling circulation system 400 built into the housing 100.

[0036] The shell 100 forms the protective frame of the entire cabinet, and its interior contains a shell cavity 101. To achieve efficient use of internal space and functional isolation, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the inner cavity 101 of the housing is clearly divided into multiple functional areas, including at least: load mounting area 100a, signal exchange area 100b, liquid inlet / outlet area 100c, primary circuit device mounting area 100d, secondary circuit device mounting area 100e, power switch mounting area, and leakage monitoring area 100h.

[0037] The liquid cooling circulation system 400 is responsible for cooling the core heat-generating components. It includes at least one set of liquid cooling plates and a liquid inlet / outlet mechanism. Each set of liquid cooling plates includes at least a first liquid cooling plate 401 and a second liquid cooling plate 402. The circulating flow of the coolant carries away the heat generated when the power switch is working, ensuring the heat dissipation requirements under high current conditions.

[0038] The liquid inlet / outlet area 100c is located at the bottom of the housing 100, near the leakage monitoring area 100h, and corresponds to the liquid cooling circulation system 400. This area integrates the liquid inlet / outlet mechanism, which, as a core component of the liquid cooling circulation system 400, serves as a bridge (connection hub) connecting the internal liquid cooling circulation system 400 and the external chiller. Coolant flows out from the external chiller, enters the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402 inside the cabinet through the liquid inlet / outlet mechanism, absorbs heat, and then flows back to the external chiller through the same mechanism, forming a complete closed-loop heat dissipation circuit.

[0039] The power switch mounting area is specifically divided into a first power switch mounting area 100f and a second power switch mounting area 100g. The first power switch mounting area 100f and the second power switch mounting area 100g are attached to the first liquid cooling plate 401 and the second liquid cooling plate 402 in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, the first power switch mounting area 100f is matched and arranged on the surface of the first liquid cooling plate 401, and the second power switch mounting area 100g is matched and arranged on the surface of the second liquid cooling plate 402. The core heat-generating components in high-current solid-state circuit breakers—power switching devices (such as IGBTs and SiC MOSFET modules)—are directly mounted in the corresponding power switch mounting areas (first power switch mounting area 100f and second power switch mounting area 100g). These areas (power switch mounting areas) are located precisely on the surfaces of liquid cooling plates 401 and 402, allowing the heat-generating surfaces of the power switching devices to be in close contact with the surfaces of the liquid cooling plates. With the help of the coolant flowing inside the liquid cooling plates, the heat generated by the power switching devices during high-current switching can be quickly conducted and carried away, achieving close-range, high-efficiency heat dissipation of the power switching devices. This ensures that the devices always operate within a safe temperature range, meeting the long-term stable operation requirements of high-current conditions in marine vessels.

[0040] To address the potential risk of coolant leakage in a marine environment, this embodiment includes a dedicated leakage monitoring zone 100h at the bottom of the inner cavity 101 of the hull 100. Located below the piping of the liquid cooling circulation system 400, this zone monitors coolant leakage in real time, enhancing operational safety. A leakage monitoring device is installed within this zone 100h, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the leakage monitoring device mainly consists of a water receiving plate 113 and a leakage detection strip 114 laid on the water receiving plate 113. The water receiving plate 113 adopts a trapezoidal structure design, and its installation posture is inclined with the front lower and the back higher. Once any part of the liquid cooling circulation system 400 leaks, the leaked coolant drips onto the surface of the water receiving plate 113, and under the action of gravity, it will flow along the inclined plate surface and converge at the lowest point of the water receiving plate. The leakage detection strip 114 is a sensor device for detecting liquid leaks (in existing equipment). The leakage detection strip 114 is fully laid out on the surface of the water receiving plate in a serpentine structure and is installed and positioned by the fixing cover 115 to ensure that its laying shape is stable and without displacement. The two ends of the leakage detection strip 114 are electrically connected to the connecting terminal block 116 and the terminal terminal block 117 respectively (the connecting terminal block 116 and the terminal terminal block 117 are electrically connected to the leakage location detector respectively), forming a complete monitoring loop. The leakage location detector is an electronic controller (in existing equipment), which receives the signal from the leakage detection strip 114, calculates and accurately displays the distance (unit: meters) of the leakage point 10 through an algorithm, realizing the upgrade from "whether there is a leak" to "where the leak is". Based on the inclined structure design of the water receiving plate 113 and the serpentine layout of the leakage detection strip 114, the flow path of the leaking liquid under gravity can make full contact with the leakage detection strip 114, greatly increasing the probability of leakage being detected; when the leaking liquid contacts the leakage detection strip 114, the electrical characteristics of the monitoring circuit change, and then trigger the leakage alarm signal. Example 2

[0041] To further enhance the safety and reliability of the cabinet operation, this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further limits the intelligent monitoring and protection functions of the cabinet.

[0042] like Figure 7 and combined Figure 3 As shown, the load mounting area 100a is located at the top of the housing 100, and its function is to serve as a mounting and connection carrier for the load copper busbars. The load mounting area 100a integrates primary circuit copper busbars 300, which include not only load input copper busbars 301 and load output copper busbars 302 that carry the main circuit current, but also input sampling copper busbars 303 and output sampling copper busbars 304 for sampling.

[0043] To achieve accurate monitoring of electrical parameters, voltage sensors are installed between the load input copper busbar 301 and the input sampling copper busbar 303, and between the load output copper busbar 302 and the output sampling copper busbar 304. These voltage sensors monitor the voltage difference between the corresponding copper busbars in real time, enabling precise monitoring of voltage fluctuations on the load side. When the detected voltage value exceeds a preset threshold, overvoltage or undervoltage protection mechanisms are triggered to promptly disconnect the faulty circuit, preventing irreversible damage to the downstream load and internal power devices due to abnormal voltage, thus ensuring the operational safety and stability of the marine electrical system. Simultaneously, current sensors (such as Rogowski coils or Hall effect sensors) are installed at the load copper busbars (load input copper busbar 301 and load output copper busbar 302) to collect the current operating parameters of the primary circuit in real time. In addition, in order to monitor the thermal state of the power devices, temperature sensors are installed at high-temperature risk points inside the housing 100, such as the contact points between the power switching devices and the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402, and the overlap points between the power switching devices and the primary circuit copper busbar 300, to accurately monitor local overheating areas.

[0044] The monitoring data from these voltage, current, and temperature sensors, as well as the data from the hydraulic sensor 409 and the leak location detector mentioned in Example 3, are all transmitted in real time to the main control board installed in the secondary circuit device installation area 100e for aggregation and analysis. The main control board has a built-in preset threshold judgment logic. When any monitored parameter exceeds the safety threshold (such as current overload, local temperature exceeding the standard, hydraulic abnormality, etc.), the main control board immediately triggers a protection command to cut off the corresponding circuit loop (such as driving the power switching device to turn off), thereby achieving active protection of the cabinet and back-end equipment and avoiding the risk of electrical faults or thermal runaway in advance. At the same time, the main control board can record abnormal parameters and fault locations, providing accurate data support for subsequent maintenance and repair, and greatly reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance. Example 3

[0045] Based on Example 2, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the liquid inlet / outlet mechanism within the liquid inlet / outlet zone 100c.

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, the liquid inlet / outlet mechanism is the connection hub between the liquid cooling circulation system 400 and the external chiller. It includes a liquid inlet distributor 403, a liquid outlet distributor 404, a primary liquid inlet connector 405, a primary liquid outlet connector 406, a secondary liquid inlet connector 407, and a secondary liquid outlet connector 408. The inlet of the liquid inlet distributor 403 is connected to the liquid outlet of the external chiller through the primary liquid inlet connector 405. The multiple outlets of the liquid inlet distributor 403 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet of each liquid cooling plate through the secondary liquid inlet connector 407. The liquid outlet of each liquid cooling plate is connected to the multiple inlets of the liquid outlet distributor 404 through the secondary liquid outlet connector 408. The outlet of the liquid outlet distributor 404 is connected to the liquid inlet of the external chiller through the primary liquid outlet connector 406.

[0047] The heat exchange process is as follows: Coolant from the external chiller flows into the internal liquid inlet distributor 403 through the primary inlet connector 405. After being evenly distributed by the distributor 403, it is transported to the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402 through the secondary inlet connector 407 and pipelines. Various heat-generating semiconductor devices inside the housing 100 are mounted on the surfaces of the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402. As the coolant flows through the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402, it efficiently absorbs the heat generated during the operation of the power semiconductor devices through heat conduction. The heated coolant, having absorbed the heat, is collected through pipelines to the secondary outlet connector 408 and flows into the outlet distributor 404 for convergence. It then flows back to the external chiller through the primary outlet connector 406, forming a complete closed-loop circulation circuit, achieving continuous and stable cooling of the heat-generating devices inside the cabinet.

[0048] To monitor the circulation status in real time, hydraulic sensors 409 (including an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor) are installed in the piping and distributor locations of the liquid cooling circulation system, specifically on the inlet pipe of the inlet distributor 403 and the outlet pipe of the outlet distributor 404, to dynamically monitor the coolant circulation pressure. These two sensors can monitor the coolant pressure in the inlet and outlet pipes respectively. By analyzing these two pressure values, the main control board can determine whether there is blockage, leakage, or abnormal pump operation in the circulation system. Once abnormal parameters are detected, the main control board can not only trigger an alarm but also record the abnormal data and possible fault locations (such as blockage in a branch of the liquid cooling plate), providing accurate data support for subsequent maintenance and repair.

[0049] In addition, the inlet distributor 403 and the outlet distributor 404 are equipped with multiple adjustable or expandable pipeline interfaces. When the housing 100 is expanded by adding a power switch module, a new liquid cooling plate can be easily connected. Simply connect the inlet and outlet of the new liquid cooling plate to the spare interface of the distributor through a secondary connector, without replacing the main pipeline. Example 4

[0050] This embodiment further optimizes the expandability and assembly convenience of the cabinet based on embodiment three.

[0051] The cabinet supports multiple power switching devices in series or parallel configuration to meet the on / off control requirements of different current capacities. The liquid cooling plates (401, 402) have the ability to dissipate heat from multiple devices in parallel. They can be in close contact with the heating surfaces of multiple power switching devices at the same time, and the internal circulating coolant can synchronously absorb the heat generated by each device under high current conditions, ensuring the temperature uniformity of multiple devices during series and parallel operation and avoiding the risk of device performance degradation or failure caused by local overheating.

[0052] To improve assembly efficiency and modular integration, multiple power switching devices can be integrated onto the same liquid-cooled plate (e.g., 401), and electrically connected and structurally encapsulated via stacked busbars to form a standardized power switching module. This modular design greatly simplifies assembly: the power switching module only requires two pre-installed connecting copper busbars to quickly bolt to the load input copper busbar 301 and load output copper busbar 302 on the top of the cabinet, avoiding complex internal wiring and significantly simplifying on-site installation, commissioning, and subsequent maintenance procedures. It enables functional configurations with different current levels and protection characteristics, adapting to the usage requirements of various high-current power supply scenarios such as marine main power distribution systems and propulsion systems, significantly improving the cabinet's adaptability and expandability.

[0053] Modular design provides the cabinet with excellent scalability. The cabinet (shell 100) adopts a modular and scalable structural design, and its overall configuration is not fixed. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the current level requirements of the actual application scenario. For different current-level usage environments, the current capacity can be adapted by increasing or decreasing the number of power switch mounting areas. Correspondingly, the overall height of the shell 100 can be adjusted to reserve installation space for newly added power switch mounting areas, and the configuration of liquid cooling plates 401 and 402 can be increased or decreased accordingly. At the same time, the number of pipe interfaces and branch layout of the inlet water distributor 403 and outlet water distributor 404 can be adjusted to ensure that the heat dissipation requirements of the newly added power switching devices are fully met, flexibly adapting to the needs of different current levels without redesigning the entire cabinet. This scalable design enables the cabinet to adapt to various marine electrical system operating conditions ranging from small and medium currents to ultra-high currents, without redesigning the main cabinet structure, significantly reducing customized development costs and improving the product's versatility and market adaptability. Example 5

[0054] Based on Example 2, this embodiment focuses on describing the sealing and protection design of the cabinet to adapt to the harsh environment of a marine vessel (salt spray, humidity, vibration).

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the housing 100 is equipped with an openable front door 102, a top cover 103, and a rear door 104, and an insulating cover 108 covers the key internal components. To ensure overall sealing performance, high-performance waterproof sealant 105 is embedded in the joints between the front door 102, top cover 103, rear door 104, and the insulating cover 108 and the housing 100. The elastic filling effect of the waterproof sealant 105 blocks the path of salt spray and moisture intruding into the cabinet interior along the joints. Simultaneously, the insulating cover 108 itself has a sealing groove to embed a sealing strip, further enhancing the fit and reliability of the sealing structure.

[0056] The point where the primary circuit copper busbar 300 needs to extend out of the housing 100 to connect to the external cable is a weak point in the protection. In this embodiment, potting sealant is used here, that is, a potting compound with high thermal conductivity and high insulation is used to completely fill and cure the gap between the copper busbar and the housing, which completely eliminates the possibility of moisture and salt spray entering the cabinet through these openings, and avoids safety hazards such as copper busbar oxidation and leakage caused by salt spray corrosion. Example 6

[0057] In response to the complex operating conditions of continuous vibration during ship navigation, this cabinet adopts a vibration-resistant and reinforced structural design to ensure the connection stability and operational reliability of internal components. Based on Example 5, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the layout of internal components and vibration-resistant measures.

[0058] To cope with the continuous vibrations during ship navigation, such as Figure 5As shown, except for the front door 102, rear door 104, and top cover 103 which require opening for maintenance, the remaining parts of the housing 100 adopt a welded integrated structure (such as welded assembly 101). This design can significantly improve the overall rigidity and structural strength of the housing, avoiding cabinet deformation or component loosening caused by ship vibration. For the internal components, in addition to being connected to the housing 100 via insulators, the primary circuit copper busbar 300 is also equipped with insulating fixing plates 109 and insulating support plates 110 at both ends for installation and locking, preventing the connection points from loosening due to vibration. At the same time, the housing 100 also has limiting blocks 111 inside to restrict the position of the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402, preventing the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402 from shifting under vibration, ensuring the tight fit between the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402 and the power switching devices, and maintaining the stability of heat dissipation efficiency. Specifically, for the detachable components inside the cabinet, shock-absorbing pads 112 are provided at the mounting contact positions of the secondary circuit device mounting plate 106, the primary circuit device mounting plate 107, the insulating support plate 110, the limiting block 111, and the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402. The shock-absorbing pads 112 can effectively absorb the impact force generated by the ship's vibration, weaken the transmission of vibration to the devices, and avoid faults such as device solder joint detachment and loose wiring caused by long-term vibration, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cabinet in the vibration environment of a sea vessel. Example 7

[0059] To facilitate maintenance and ensure isolation between strong and weak currents, this embodiment, based on embodiment six, makes the following settings: Figure 4 As shown, the primary circuit device installation area 100d is located inside the back of the housing 100, corresponding to the rear door 104. Workers can directly install, debug, and maintain the devices within this area by opening the rear door 104. This ensures the stability of the primary circuit current transmission and avoids electromagnetic interference with secondary circuit devices through partitioned isolation. A primary circuit device mounting plate 107 is installed in the primary circuit device installation area 100d. The primary circuit device mounting plate 107 serves as an integrated carrier for the core primary circuit devices, and it centrally mounts core primary circuit devices such as drive power supplies, voltage sensors, resistors, diodes, and contactors. These core primary circuit devices are arranged in an orderly manner according to the circuit topology, ensuring the stability of the primary circuit current transmission and avoiding electromagnetic interference with secondary circuit devices through partitioned isolation, thus meeting the high reliability requirements of marine electrical systems.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, the secondary circuit device installation area 100e is located on the top layer inside the housing 100, corresponding to the top cover 103. Personnel can easily install, debug, and maintain the devices within this area by opening the top cover 103, effectively improving the convenience of operation and maintenance. A secondary circuit device mounting plate 106 is installed in the secondary circuit device installation area 100e. This mounting plate 106 serves as an integrated carrier for secondary circuit control and monitoring components, and centrally mounts the main control board and low-voltage control devices such as leakage location detectors. These devices are arranged in an orderly manner according to the signal transmission path, enabling real-time acquisition of primary circuit operating parameters, logical operations, and command output, while simultaneously achieving accurate monitoring of the liquid cooling system's leakage status. The independent partitioned layout design on the top layer effectively isolates strong electromagnetic interference from the primary circuit, ensuring the stability and accuracy of secondary circuit signal transmission and adapting to the complex electromagnetic environment requirements of marine electrical systems. Example 8

[0061] This embodiment summarizes signal exchange and intelligent monitoring networks.

[0062] To meet the reliability requirements of signal transmission in the marine environment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the signal exchange area 100b integrates multiple aviation plugs and sockets 200 to enable signal transmission between the cabinet and external devices. These aviation plugs and sockets 200 specifically include four types of functional interfaces: auxiliary power input socket 201, indicator light function socket 202, button function socket 203, and communication function socket 204. Each interface has a clearly defined function: the auxiliary power input socket 201 provides stable power to the secondary circuit devices inside the cabinet; the indicator light function socket 202 connects to external status indicator lights to visualize the cabinet's operating status; the button function socket 203 connects to external control buttons to meet manual command input requirements; and the communication function plug 204 establishes a data link between the cabinet and the ship's central control system, enabling the uploading of operating parameters and the distribution of control commands. These aviation plugs and sockets 200 are compatible with snap-on or threaded connectors, enabling quick, secure, and waterproof connections to external cables. They offer advantages such as high impact resistance, excellent waterproof and corrosion resistance, high integration, convenient installation and maintenance, reliable contact, and low signal transmission loss. Compared to traditional terminal block structures, they are better suited to complex operating conditions such as salt spray, humidity, turbulence, and vibration during sea voyages, effectively reducing the probability of signal transmission failures. Work process description

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, the working process of the present invention is as follows: Liquid cooling process: Coolant from the external chiller flows into the inlet distributor 403 through the primary inlet connector 405. After being evenly distributed by the distributor 403, it is delivered to the liquid cooling plates 401 and 402 through the secondary inlet connector 407 and pipelines. Power switching devices are mounted on the surface of the liquid cooling plates. As the coolant flows through the liquid cooling plates, it absorbs heat through thermal conduction. The heated coolant is collected through the secondary outlet connector 408 and then flows back to the external chiller for cooling through the primary outlet connector 406, forming a closed-loop cooling circuit. The hydraulic sensor 409 monitors the pipeline pressure in real time to ensure stable circulation.

[0064] Electrical control and monitoring process: Current and voltage sensors at the load copper busbars collect primary circuit operating parameters in real time, temperature sensors monitor local overheating areas, and hydraulic sensor 409 monitors the coolant circulation pressure. All monitoring data is transmitted to the main control board in real time for aggregation and analysis. The main control board has built-in preset threshold judgment logic; when any monitored parameter exceeds the safety threshold, a protection command is immediately triggered to cut off the corresponding circuit loop, achieving active protection. Simultaneously, the main control board can record abnormal parameters and fault locations, providing data support for subsequent maintenance and repair.

[0065] Leakage monitoring process: When coolant leaks in the liquid cooling circulation system, the leaking liquid drips onto the surface of the water collection plate 113. Under the influence of gravity, it flows along the inclined plate surface and converges at the lowest point of the water collection plate. The leak detection strip 114 is spread out on the surface of the water collection plate in a serpentine structure. The leaking liquid comes into full contact with the detection strip, and the electrical characteristics of the monitoring circuit change, which triggers the leak alarm signal, prompting personnel to troubleshoot the fault in a timely manner.

[0066] Vibration resistance and sealing protection: The welded integrated shell structure, the buffering effect of the shock-absorbing pad 112, and the positioning and fixing of the limiting block 111 jointly ensure the structural stability of the cabinet in the vibration environment of a marine vessel. Waterproof sealant 105 and potting sealant treatment effectively prevent salt spray and moisture intrusion, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cabinet in a salt spray environment.

[0067] In summary, this cabinet utilizes a multi-parameter monitoring network comprised of current sensors deployed on the load copper busbars, voltage sensors at critical locations, temperature sensors at high-temperature escalation risk points, hydraulic sensors 409 on the liquid-cooled piping, and a leak location detector in the leak detection area. Monitoring data from all sensor units is transmitted in real-time to the main control board for aggregation and analysis. The main control board incorporates preset threshold judgment logic, which can proactively cut off the circuit when parameters are abnormal, thus mitigating the risk of electrical faults or thermal runaway. Simultaneously, the main control board records abnormal parameters and fault locations, providing accurate data support for subsequent maintenance and repair, significantly reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0068] Other aspects of this invention that are not detailed herein are all conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0069] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0070] The scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for installation on marine vessels, comprising a housing (100), characterized in that: It also includes a liquid cooling circulation system (400) disposed within the housing (100), the liquid cooling circulation system (400) including liquid cooling plates (401, 402); the housing (100) is functionally divided into multiple areas, including at least a load mounting area (100a), a signal exchange area (100b), a liquid inlet / outlet area (100c), a primary circuit device mounting area (100d), a secondary circuit device mounting area (100e), a power switch mounting area, and a leakage monitoring area (100h); the power switch mounting area Arranged on the surface of the liquid cooling plates (401, 402); the leakage monitoring area (100h) is set at the bottom of the housing (100) and equipped with a leakage monitoring device, the leakage monitoring device including a water receiving plate (113) and a leakage detection strip (114) assembled on the water receiving plate (113); the liquid inlet and outlet area (100c) is set at the bottom of the housing (100) and is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet mechanism, the liquid inlet and outlet mechanism being connected between the liquid cooling circulation system (400) and the external chiller to form a closed-loop heat dissipation circuit.

2. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The load mounting area (100a) is located on the top of the housing (100), and a primary circuit copper busbar (300) is integrated thereon. The primary circuit copper busbar (300) includes a load input copper busbar (301), a load output copper busbar (302), an input sampling copper busbar (303), and an output sampling copper busbar (304). Voltage sensors are configured between the load input copper busbar (301) and the input sampling copper busbar (303), and between the load output copper busbar (302) and the output sampling copper busbar (304). Current sensors are installed at the load input copper busbar (301) and the load output copper busbar (302); temperature sensors are respectively installed at the contact points between the power switch mounting area and the liquid cooling plate (401, 402) and at the overlap points with the primary circuit copper busbar (300); a main control board is installed in the secondary circuit device mounting area (100e), and the monitoring data of the voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor are all transmitted to the main control board. The main control board has a built-in preset threshold judgment logic and can trigger protection commands to cut off the circuit loop.

3. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple power switching devices integrated on the same liquid cooling plate are packaged into a standardized power switching module through a stacked busbar. The power switching module has two reserved connecting copper busbars that can be quickly connected to the load input copper busbar (301) and the load output copper busbar (302) respectively. The housing (100) is a modular and expandable structure, which can be adapted to different current level requirements by increasing or decreasing the number of power switch mounting area, liquid cooling plate and inlet / outlet liquid area (100c) pipes.

4. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (100) is provided with a front door (102), a top cover (103), a rear door (104), and an insulating cover plate (108); waterproof sealant (105) is embedded in the connection gaps between the front door (102), the top cover (103), the rear door (104), and the insulating cover plate (108) and the housing (100); the insulating cover plate (108) is provided with a sealing groove; the penetration position of the primary circuit copper busbar (300) extending out of the housing (100) is sealed with glue.

5. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The primary circuit device mounting area (100d) is located inside the back of the housing (100) and corresponds to the rear door (104). It is provided with a primary circuit device mounting plate (107) for mounting the drive power supply, voltage sensor, resistor, diode and contactor. The secondary circuit device mounting area (100e) is located inside the top layer of the housing (100) and corresponds to the top cover (103). It is provided with a secondary circuit device mounting plate (106) for mounting the main control board and the leakage position detector.

6. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Except for the front door (102), rear door (104) and top cover (103) which require door opening for maintenance, the remaining parts of the housing (100) adopt a welded integrated structure; in addition to being connected to the housing (100) through insulators, the primary circuit copper busbar (300) is also provided with insulating fixing plates (109) and insulating support plates (110) at both ends for installation and locking; the housing (100) is also provided with limiting blocks (111) for limiting the position of liquid cooling plates (401, 402); the installation contact positions of the secondary circuit device mounting plate (106), primary circuit device mounting plate (107), insulating support plate (110), limiting blocks (111) and liquid cooling plates (401, 402) are all provided with shock-absorbing pads (112).

7. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid inlet and outlet mechanism includes a liquid inlet distributor (403), a liquid outlet distributor (404), a primary liquid inlet connector (405), a primary liquid outlet connector (406), a secondary liquid inlet connector (407), and a secondary liquid outlet connector (408); the inlet of the liquid inlet distributor (403) is connected to the liquid outlet of an external chiller through the primary liquid inlet connector (405); the multiple outlets of the liquid inlet distributor (403) are respectively connected to the secondary liquid inlet connector (407) and... The inlets of each liquid cooling plate are connected; the outlets of each liquid cooling plate are connected to multiple inlets of the liquid distributor (404) through a secondary liquid outlet connector (408), and the outlet of the liquid distributor (404) is connected to the inlet of an external chiller through a primary liquid outlet connector (406), forming a complete closed-loop heat dissipation circuit; the inlet pipe of the liquid distributor (403) and the outlet pipe of the liquid distributor (404) are respectively equipped with hydraulic sensors (409).

8. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The inlet distributor (403) and outlet distributor (404) are equipped with multiple adjustable pipe interfaces for adjusting the number of liquid cooling branches according to the increase or decrease of the power switch installation area; the hydraulic sensor (409) includes an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor, which are respectively installed in the inlet pipe of the inlet distributor (403) and the outlet pipe of the outlet distributor (404) for monitoring the coolant pressure status of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe; the main control board is also used to record abnormal parameters and fault locations, and to provide data support for subsequent maintenance and repair.

9. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The signal exchange area (100b) integrates multiple aviation plugs and sockets (200), including an auxiliary power input socket (201), an indicator light function socket (202), a button function socket (203), and a communication function socket (204); the aviation plugs and sockets (200) are adapted to direct docking with snap-on or threaded connectors.

10. The water-cooled high-current solid-state circuit breaker cabinet suitable for marine installation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage monitoring device also includes a fixing cover (115) for fixing the leakage detection strip (114), and a connecting terminal block (116) and a terminal block (117) electrically connected to both ends of the leakage detection strip respectively; the water receiving plate (113) has a trapezoidal structure with a lower front and a higher back, and the leakage detection strip (114) is spread on the surface of the water receiving plate in a serpentine structure and is installed and positioned by the fixing cover (115); the two ends of the leakage detection strip (114) are electrically connected to the connecting terminal block (116) and the terminal block (117) respectively to form a complete leakage monitoring circuit.

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