Cervical vertebra opening device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a cervical vertebra open circuit device and method, and belongs to the technical field of surgical instruments. Comprising a mounting support, two supporting arms are symmetrically hinged to the front end of the mounting support, the rear end of the mounting support is connected with a sickbed through a multi-shaft mounting arm, traction arms used for stretching into an incision and making contact with muscles in the incision are hinged to the movable ends of the supporting arms, and a stirring belt is wound around the traction arms. During operation, the movable end of the traction arm is rotated into an incision, the traction arm keeps pressure to push muscles on the two sides of the incision to expand outwards, the operation field of the incision is exposed, the incision is deepened along with the operation, the traction arm rotates relative to the supporting arm, the muscles on the two sides of the incision continue to expand outwards, and meanwhile the stirring belt on the traction arm rotates, so that the incision is deepened. Therefore, the movable end of the traction arm can penetrate into the incision, the operation field for opening the incision is continuously kept, and the effect of improving the operation efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surgical instrument technology, and in particular to a cervical spine intubation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Cervical incision typically refers to the surgical procedure performed on a patient during posterior or anterior cervical spine surgery. During cervical incision surgery, as the surgeon uses an electrocautery cutting device to incise the patient's skin, a retractor device is used to appropriately spread the skin flap laterally, exposing the muscles within the incision. The incision continues downwards until the vertebral surface is exposed, fully revealing the surgical field. As the incision progresses through the skin and muscles, the retractor device needs to be adjusted and replaced as needed to ensure effective traction and fixation of the muscles on both sides of the incision.

[0003] Patent CN209252968U discloses an automatic anterior cervical traction hook, comprising a spreading rack, a first spreading arm fixed to one end of the spreading rack, and a second spreading arm and a hook assembly movably mounted on the spreading rack. The hook assembly and the second spreading arm are respectively mounted on the spreading rack and slide along the spreading rack in a direction away from or towards the first spreading arm. This hook works by fitting the front sections of the two spreading arms of the automatic anterior cervical traction hook onto the vertebral screws, appropriately spreading them, and then using a counter-reverse mechanism to support the two spreading arms in a suitable position. However, when the retractor is installed, the length of the retractor arm that contacts the incision muscle is fixed. As the surgery progresses and the opening widens, the position of the retractor needs to be adjusted repeatedly, which increases the workload of the surgical staff. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a cervical spine opening device and method.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: In a first aspect, a cervical spine incision device is provided, including a mounting bracket. Two support arms are symmetrically hinged at the front end of the mounting bracket, and the rear end of the mounting bracket is connected to a hospital bed via a multi-axis mounting arm. The mounting bracket is provided with a first driving member for driving the movable ends of the two support arms to rotate relative to each other. The movable ends of the support arms are hinged to a traction arm for extending into the incision and contacting the muscles inside the incision. The support arms are provided with a second driving member for driving the traction arms to rotate downward relative to each other so that the movable ends of the two traction arms rotate away. A manipulating band is wound around the traction arm, and a third driving member is provided on the traction arm for driving the manipulating band on the side of the traction arm near the incision muscle to move out of the incision.

[0006] Furthermore, the first driving component includes a first driving motor, and gears are provided on the rotating shafts of both support arms. The gears on the two support arms mesh with each other. The first driving motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket and is used to drive any one of the gears to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, a first torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor, and the first drive motor is connected to the support arm via the first torque sensor.

[0008] Furthermore, the second driving component includes a torsion spring and an adjusting knob. A first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft are rotatably mounted on the support arm. One end of the first rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the traction arm. The adjusting knob is slidably sleeved on the second rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft and the other end is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft. A first limiting component for restricting the rotation of the adjusting knob is provided on the support arm.

[0009] Furthermore, the first limiting component includes a limiting block, and a guide rod with a polygonal cross-section is coaxially provided at the end of the second rotating shaft away from the first rotating shaft. The adjusting knob is coaxially slidably sleeved on the guide rod. The outer edge of the limiting block's cross-section is polygonal. The limiting block is fixedly mounted on the adjusting knob. A limiting groove adapted to the shape of the limiting block is provided on the support arm. The limiting block is engaged / disengaged from the limiting groove by sliding the adjusting knob on the guide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the second rotating shaft is provided with scale lines along its circumference, and the outer wall of the first rotating shaft is provided with indicator lines. The indicator lines and scale lines are used to indicate the torque of the torsion spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the third driving component includes a second driving motor, which is fixedly mounted on the traction arm. Both ends of the traction arm are rotatably equipped with synchronous pulleys, and the inner sidewall of the tug belt is provided with synchronous teeth, which mesh with the synchronous pulleys.

[0012] Furthermore, a second torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the second drive motor is connected to the shaft of the traction arm through the second torque sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the side of the traction arm that contacts the incisional muscle is a concave curved surface, and guide grooves are provided on both sides of the traction arm. Flanges are provided on both sides of the manipulation strap, and the flanges are slidably embedded in the guide grooves.

[0014] Secondly, a cervical spondylosis bypass method is also provided, which uses a cervical spondylosis bypass device provided in the first aspect, including the following steps: S01. Based on the surgical incision location, position the patient correctly on the operating table, disinfect and dry the skin around the surgical area, cover with a surgical drape and medical surgical film, fix the mounting arm to the hospital bed, and complete the surgical preparation work. S02. Use tools such as electrocoagulation knife to cut the skin of the patient's cervical spine, and move the installation arm to move the two traction arms into the mouth, open the two support arms to an appropriate angle, flip the traction arms so that the moving end of the traction arm extends into the incision and keeps the torque contacting the muscles on both sides of the incision, so that the opening of the incision is opened and the current installation bracket position is fixed. S03. Start the rotation of the manipulating band to keep the muscles on both sides of the incision turned outward with force. As the surgery progresses and the incision widens, the movable end of the traction arm flips and extends into the incision, keeping the manipulating band in contact with the muscles on both sides of the incision.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When performing cervical spine surgery on a patient, an incision is made on the skin of the patient's cervical spine. The mounting arm of the mounting bracket is fixed on the operating table. The position of the mounting bracket is adjusted so that it is located on one side of the end of the incision on the patient's skin, and the support arm on the mounting bracket is located above the incision. The angle of the mounting arm is fixed. Then, the traction arm is rotated, and the movable end of the traction arm is turned into the incision. The traction arm maintains pressure and pushes the muscles on both sides of the incision outward to expand, exposing the surgical field of the incision. As the surgery progresses and the incision deepens, the traction arm rotates relative to the support arm to continue to expand the muscles on both sides of the incision inward. At the same time, the manipulating strap on the traction arm rotates so that the movable end of the traction arm can penetrate deep into the incision, continuing to keep the surgical field of the incision open and improving the efficiency of the surgical operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cervical spine opening device according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mounting bracket in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the manipulating band on the support arm of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the first and second rotating shafts in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0020] The components include: 1. Mounting bracket; 11. Mounting arm; 2. Support arm; 21. First driving component; 22. Gear; 3. Pulling arm; 31. Guide groove; 4. Pulling belt; 41. Third driving component; 42. Synchronous pulley; 43. Flanged edge; 44. Anti-slip strip; 51. Torsion spring; 52. Adjustment knob; 53. First rotating shaft; 531. Scale line; 54. Second rotating shaft; 541. Indicator line; 55. Limiting block; 56. Guide rod; 57. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Example 1 This application discloses a cervical spine bypass device and method, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes a mounting bracket 1, with two symmetrically hinged support arms 2 at its front end. The rear end of the mounting bracket 1 is connected to the operating table via a multi-axis mounting arm 11. The mounting arm 11 comprises multiple hinged sections, with each section's hinge axis perpendicular to the others, allowing the mounting bracket 1 to rotate flexibly in three-dimensional space. Limiting bolts are provided at the hinge axes of each arm to secure the hinges between the arms. A clamping seat is located at the end of the mounting arm 1 furthest from the mounting bracket 1. The clamping seat has clamping grooves for inserting structures such as operating table railings. Clamping bolts are threaded onto the clamping seat, securing the operating table within the clamping grooves, thus stably fixing the mounting arm 11 to the operating table.

[0023] The mounting bracket 1 is equipped with a first driving component 21 for driving the movable ends of the two support arms 2 to rotate relative to each other and move away. In this embodiment, the first driving component 21 can be a first driving motor. Gears 22 are provided on the rotating shafts of both support arms 2, and the gears 22 on the two support arms 2 mesh with each other. The first driving motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 1 and is used to drive any one of the gears 22 to rotate. Through the action of the first driving motor, the two support arms 2 can be driven to open / close synchronously. The first driving motor can be a servo motor, capable of driving the gears 22 to rotate forward and backward.

[0024] Reference Figure 4 A traction arm 3 is hinged to the movable end of the support arm 2 for extending into the incision and contacting the muscle inside the incision. A second driving member is provided on the support arm 2 for driving the traction arms 3 to rotate downwards relative to each other so that the movable ends of the two traction arms 3 move away from each other. In this embodiment, the second driving member includes a torsion spring 51 and an adjustment knob 52. A first rotating shaft 53 and a second rotating shaft 54 ​​are rotatably provided on the support arm 2. One end of the first rotating shaft 53 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the traction arm 3. The adjustment knob 52 is slidably sleeved on the second rotating shaft 54. One end of the torsion spring 51 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 53 and the other end is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 54. A first limiting member is provided on the support arm 2 for limiting the rotation of the adjustment knob 52.

[0025] By using the torsion spring 51, the movable end of the traction arm 3 is rotated towards each other, thus twisting the torsion spring 51. This causes the movable end of the traction arm 3 to rotate outward, effectively maintaining the outward pushing effect of the traction arm 3 on the muscles on both sides of the incision when the traction arm 3 is placed inside the incision. As the surgery progresses and the incision widens, reducing the pushing force of the traction arm 3 on the incision muscles, the torsion spring 51 can be charged by manually rotating the adjustment knob 52.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first limiting member can be a limiting block 55. A guide rod 56 with a polygonal cross-section is coaxially disposed at the end of the second rotating shaft 54 ​​away from the first rotating shaft 53. An adjusting knob 52 is coaxially slidably sleeved on the guide rod 56. The outer edge of the limiting block 55's cross-section is polygonal. The limiting block 55 is fixedly disposed on the adjusting knob 52. A limiting groove 57 adapted to the shape of the limiting block 55 is provided on the support arm 2. The adjusting knob 52 slides on the guide rod 56 to allow the limiting block 55 to engage / disengage with the limiting groove 57. When the adjusting knob 52 slides until the limiting block 55 engages with the limiting groove 57, it restricts the rotation of the adjusting knob 52 and the second rotating shaft 54. When the limiting block 55 disengages from the limiting groove 57, the second rotating shaft 54 ​​can rotate with the adjusting knob 52.

[0027] To improve the stability of the adjustment knob 52 on the second rotating shaft 54, a magnet can be provided on the guide rod 56 or the adjustment knob 52 to magnetically connect the adjustment knob 52 and the guide rod 56, thereby effectively limiting the sliding of the adjustment knob 52 on the guide rod 56 and improving the stability of the engagement state between the upper limit block 55 and the limiting groove 57 of the adjustment knob 52. In other embodiments, the limiting block 55 and the limiting groove 57 can also be interference-fitted to limit the movement of the adjustment knob 52.

[0028] In this embodiment, a scale line 531 is provided on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 54 ​​along its circumference, and an indicator line 541 is provided on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 53. The indicator line 541 cooperates with the scale line 531 to indicate the torque of the torsion spring 51. When the pulling arm 3 rotates relative to the mounting arm 11, the position of the scale line 531 pointed to by the indicator line 541 on the first rotating shaft 53 changes, reflecting the magnitude of the torque of the torsion spring 51. When the pulling arm 3 gradually rotates, causing the torque of the torsion spring 51 to decrease, the indicator line 541 moves, and the operator can observe and readjust the adjustment knob 52 in time.

[0029] A manipulating band 4 is wound around the traction arm 3. A third driving component 41 is provided on the traction arm 3 to drive the manipulating band 4, which is located near the incision muscle, to move outward from the incision. Specifically, the third driving component 41 can be a second driving motor, which is fixedly mounted on the traction arm 3. Both ends of the traction arm 3 are rotatably equipped with synchronous pulleys 42. Synchronous teeth are provided on the inner sidewall of the manipulating band 4, and the manipulating band 4 meshes with the synchronous pulleys 42. As the incision into the patient's skin continues to deepen during the operation, the muscles inside the incision gradually relax. By activating the second driving motor during the operation to drive the manipulating band 4 to rotate, the manipulating band 4, relying on the friction between itself and the muscles in the incision, drives the muscles inside the incision to move outward. In conjunction with the rotation of the two traction arms 3 to both sides of the incision, the supporting force of the two traction arms 3 on the muscles inside the incision can be maintained, effectively opening and supporting the incision.

[0030] Furthermore, the side of the traction arm 3 that contacts the incisional muscle is a concave curved surface. Guide grooves 31 are provided on both side walls of the traction arm 3, and flanges 43 are provided on both sides of the manipulation band 4. The flanges 43 are slidably embedded within the guide grooves 31. By making the traction arm 3 curved, when the traction arm 3 rotates relative to the support arm 2, it maintains stable contact with the muscle inside the incision. As the surgery progresses and the surgical space is separated between the vertebrae and muscles, the movable end of the traction arm 3 can effectively extend into the connection between the muscle and the vertebrae, effectively tractioning the incision. The guide grooves 31 on the traction arm 3 cooperate with the flanges 43 on the manipulation band 4 to keep the manipulation band 4 conforming to the shape of the traction arm 3.

[0031] Furthermore, anti-slip strips 44 are protruding from the outer wall of the manipulation band 4. Multiple anti-slip strips 44 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the manipulation band 4, and the edges of the anti-slip strips 44 are provided with smooth chamfers. The anti-slip strips 44 can increase the pulling effect of the manipulation band 4 on the muscles inside the incision, and the smooth chamfer on the upper edge of the anti-slip strips 44 can prevent the anti-slip strips 44 from scratching the muscles inside the incision when the manipulation band 4 moves.

[0032] In this embodiment, a first torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor, and the first drive motor is connected to the support arm 2 via the first torque sensor. A second torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the second drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the traction arm 3 via the second torque sensor. A processing module can be installed on the mounting bracket 1. The first drive motor, the first torque sensor, the second drive motor, and the second torque sensor are all communicatively connected to the processing module. The processing module can communicate with a computer via Bluetooth. The processing module is used to control the operation of the first and second drive motors, and to receive the torque of the output shafts of the first and second drive motors detected in real time by the first and second torque sensors. The processing module is also used to forward the data from the first and second torque sensors to the computer, and to receive signals sent by the computer to control the operation of the first and second drive motors.

[0033] By setting it on the computer, the on / off state of the first drive motor and the second drive motor can be controlled. Based on the torque data detected in real time by the first torque sensor and the second torque sensor, the computer can control the on / off state of the first drive motor and the second drive motor according to the torque range value set by manual input, so as to keep the torque data detected in real time by the first torque sensor and the second torque sensor within the set torque range value, thus eliminating the need to frequently adjust the angle of the support arm 2 and the traction arm 3.

[0034] Example 2 This application discloses a method for cervical spine bypass surgery, which uses a cervical spine bypass device provided in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps: S01. According to the surgical incision location, position the patient on the operating table, disinfect and dry the skin around the surgical area, cover with a surgical drape and medical surgical film, fix the mounting arm 11 to the hospital bed, and complete the surgical preparation work. S02. Use tools such as electrocoagulation knife to cut the skin of the patient's cervical spine, and move the mounting arm 11 to move the two traction arms 3 into the mouth, open the two support arms 2 to an appropriate angle, flip the traction arms 3 so that the movable end of the traction arm 3 extends into the incision and keeps the torque contacting the muscles on both sides of the incision, so that the opening of the incision is opened and the position of the current mounting bracket 1 is fixed. S03. Start the rotation of the manipulating band 4 to keep the muscles on both sides of the incision turned outward with force. As the surgery progresses and the incision widens, the movable end of the traction arm 3 is flipped and inserted into the incision, and the manipulating band 4 is kept in contact with the muscles on both sides of the incision.

[0035] Those skilled in the art will understand that although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if these modifications and modifications of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention also intends to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A cervical spine bypass device, characterized in that: The device includes a mounting bracket (1), with two support arms (2) symmetrically hinged at the front end of the mounting bracket (1). The rear end of the mounting bracket (1) is connected to the hospital bed via a multi-axis mounting arm (11). The mounting bracket (1) is provided with a first driving member (21) for driving the movable ends of the two support arms (2) to rotate away from each other. The movable ends of the support arms (2) are hinged to a traction arm (3) for extending into the incision and contacting the muscles inside the incision. The support arms (2) are provided with a second driving member for driving the traction arms (3) to rotate downwards away from each other. The traction arms (3) are wrapped with a manipulating band (4). The traction arms (3) are provided with a third driving member (41) for driving the manipulating band (4) on the side of the traction arm (3) close to the incision muscle to move outwards from the incision.

2. The cervical spine bypass device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving component (21) includes a first driving motor. Gears (22) are provided on the rotating shafts of the two support arms (2). The gears (22) on the two support arms (2) mesh with each other. The first driving motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket (1). The first driving motor is used to drive any one of the gears (22) to rotate.

3. The cervical spine bypass device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor, and the first drive motor is connected to the support arm (2) through the first torque sensor.

4. The cervical spine bypass device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second driving component includes a torsion spring (51) and an adjusting knob (52). A first rotating shaft (53) and a second rotating shaft (54) are rotatably mounted on the support arm (2). One end of the first rotating shaft (53) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the traction arm (3). The adjusting knob (52) is slidably sleeved on the second rotating shaft (54). One end of the torsion spring (51) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (53) and the other end is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (54). A first limiting component for limiting the rotation of the adjusting knob (52) is provided on the support arm (2).

5. A cervical spine bypass device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first limiting member includes a limiting block (55). The second rotating shaft (54) is coaxially provided with a guide rod (56) with a polygonal cross section at one end away from the first rotating shaft (53). The adjusting knob (52) is coaxially slidably sleeved on the guide rod (56). The outer edge of the cross section of the limiting block (55) is polygonal. The limiting block (55) is fixedly set on the adjusting knob (52). The support arm (2) is provided with a limiting groove (57) that matches the shape of the limiting block (55). The limiting block (55) is engaged / disengaged from the limiting groove (57) by sliding the adjusting knob (52) on the guide rod (56).

6. A cervical spine bypass device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second rotating shaft (54) has a scale line (531) on its outer wall along its circumference, and the first rotating shaft (53) has an indicator line (541) on its outer wall. The indicator line (541) and the scale line (531) cooperate to indicate the torque of the torsion spring (51).

7. A cervical spine bypass device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third driving component (41) includes a second driving motor, which is fixedly mounted on the traction arm (3). Both ends of the traction arm (3) are rotatably equipped with synchronous pulleys (42). Synchronous teeth are provided on the inner sidewall of the tugging belt (4), and the tugging belt (4) meshes with the synchronous pulleys (42).

8. A cervical spine bypass device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the second drive motor is connected to the shaft of the traction arm (3) through the second torque sensor.

9. A cervical spine bypass device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The traction arm (3) has a concave curved surface on the side that contacts the incisional muscle. The two side walls of the traction arm (3) are provided with guide grooves (31). The two sides of the manipulation band (4) are provided with flanges (43), and the flanges (43) are slidably embedded in the guide grooves (31).

10. A method for cervical spine bypass surgery, characterized in that, The cervical spine opening device as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S01. According to the surgical incision location, position the patient on the operating table, disinfect and dry the skin around the surgical area, cover with a surgical drape and medical surgical film, fix the mounting arm (11) on the bed, and complete the surgical preparation work. S02. Use tools such as electrocoagulation knife to cut the skin of the patient's cervical spine, and move the mounting arm (11) to move the two traction arms (3) into the mouth, open the two support arms (2) to an appropriate angle, flip the traction arm (3) so that the movable end of the traction arm (3) extends into the incision and keeps the torque in contact with the muscles on both sides of the incision, so that the opening of the incision is opened and the position of the current mounting bracket (1) is fixed. S03. Start the rotation of the manipulating band (4) to keep the muscles on both sides of the incision turned outward. As the surgery progresses and the incision expands, the movable end of the traction arm (3) is flipped and inserted into the incision, and the manipulating band (4) is kept in contact with the muscles on both sides of the incision.

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