Oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development
By introducing disposable media and a hammer rod and double-link structure into the pig, the problem of insufficient self-rescue capability of the pig was solved, realizing mechanical self-rescue and blockage removal under high temperature and high pressure environment, reducing construction costs and equipment complexity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610368180.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing oil pipeline cleaning tools lack a reasonable self-rescue structure, which makes them prone to getting stuck when encountering hard scale or foreign object accumulation. This results in high construction costs, complex equipment, and high operating costs.
The pigging machine features a disposable media mounting box structure inside, combined with a hammer rod, double connecting rod, and back plate frame. It utilizes the media decompression deformation to control the synchronous deformation of the rear diaphragm, forming a "bullet" shape to break up blockages. The purely mechanical structure is adapted to high temperature and high pressure environments, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing the failure rate.
It achieves a self-rescue function without electronic sensors in the high temperature and high pressure environment of oil fields, simplifies the equipment structure, reduces manufacturing costs and failure rate, facilitates equipment removal, and conforms to the design concept of "completing the task in one well".
Smart Images
Figure CN122057754A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield development technology, and in particular to a descaling device for oilfield development. Background Technology
[0002] During oilfield development, pipelines transport crude oil containing wax, salt, and corrosive media for extended periods, leading to scale buildup on their inner walls. This results in reduced pipe diameter and decreased transport efficiency. Current technologies typically employ pipeline cleaning tools for physical scale removal.
[0003] However, existing pipeline pigs are detached structures that passively clean along the inside of the pipeline. When scale or foreign objects accumulate inside the pipeline and cause the pig to become stuck, traditional pigs lack self-rescue mechanisms and often require cutting the pipeline to remove them, resulting in extremely high construction costs. Some existing pigs with anti-clogging mechanisms use electromagnetic or hydraulic control, which is cumbersome in structure and expensive in use. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention discloses a descaling device for oil pipelines used in oilfield development, aiming to solve the technical problem that existing oil pipeline cleaning devices lack a reasonable self-rescue structure and have functional shortcomings.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development includes a symmetrically distributed front and rear diaphragm cups, and a body distributed between the front and rear diaphragm cups. An annular component is provided on the side of the front diaphragm cup, and is slidably connected to one end of the body via the annular component. A back plate is fixedly connected to the side of the rear diaphragm cup, and is connected to the other end of the body via the back plate. A hammer rod is disposed inside the rear diaphragm cup, and several sets of double connecting rods supporting the rear diaphragm cup are rotatably connected between the hammer rod and the back plate. A mounting box is fixedly installed at the end of the hammer rod, and is slidably connected to the back plate. The mounting box contains a disposable medium filled with inert gas, and both the mounting box and the disposable medium are distributed inside the body.
[0006] Based on an existing oil pipeline cleaning technology and pig, this invention incorporates an additional mounting box structure inside the pig body for storing disposable media. A rear-mounted cup structure, with a hammer rod, double connecting rod, and back plate as its framework, is also included. The hammer rod and mounting box are connected, and the pressure relief deformation of the disposable media controls the synchronous deformation of the rear-mounted cup. When the equipment encounters oil sludge blockage inside the pipeline, the rear-mounted cup narrows and forms a "bullet head" shape to obstruct and break the blockage. This equipment uses a purely mechanical hammer rod and double connecting rod structure, eliminating the need for electronic sensors. It is suitable for the harsh environment of oilfields with high temperature and pressure. Blockage is resolved through physical diameter reduction, facilitating easy removal. The anti-blockage function is integrated into the body and the rear-mounted cup, eliminating the need for additional complex diameter-changing actuators, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates. Furthermore, the equipment uses disposable media as a power source, resulting in a simple and reliable structure. It eliminates the need to consider the complex sealing issues associated with refilling the media, making it easy to use.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a ejector pin is fixedly installed inside the annular component, and a through tube is provided at the end of the mounting box. The through tube, which is slidably installed inside the body, is distributed on the side of the ejector pin. A shielding member made of PET material is locked and fixed inside the through tube, and the ejector pin and the outer side of the shielding member are in pressure contact.
[0008] By additionally installing a ejector pin inside the annular component, the ejector pin squeezes and works in conjunction with a connecting tube additionally installed at the end of the mounting box to provide conditions for the depressurization of the disposable medium. At the same time, a shielding structure made of PET material is additionally installed inside the connecting tube. When the squeezing force generated by the ejector pin exceeds the threshold of the shielding structure, the shielding structure breaks, and the ejector pin punctures the disposable medium, thus providing the basic conditions for the equipment to escape from obstacles. Furthermore, the thickness of the installed shielding structure can be customized, thereby enabling the equipment to adapt to escape from obstacles with different pressure thresholds and improving the functionality of the equipment.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the machine body is provided with a plurality of steel brushes for scraping the inner wall of the pipe, and a rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the machine body, with the steel brushes fixedly mounted on the outer side of the rotating sleeve.
[0010] By adding a passive rotating sleeve structure to the base of the machine, the rotating sleeve drives an external steel brush to scrape along the inner wall of the oil pipe. This further cleans the inner wall of the oil pipe, in addition to the cleaning of oil stains by the front and rear diaphragm cups, thus improving the working efficiency of the equipment.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the body is provided with a plurality of slots, and the outer side of the back plate is provided with a plurality of clips. The clips are rotated and engaged into the interior of the slots. Each slot has a through slot on its outer side, and a pin is inserted into the interior of the slot to fix the slot and the clips.
[0012] By further incorporating interlocking clips and slots on the main body and back panel, the clips and slots are arranged in an L-shape. Combined with the additional slots, the main body and back panel can be quickly fixed, thereby improving the convenience of replacing disposable media.
[0013] As can be seen from the above, the oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development provided by the present invention has the following technical effects.
[0014] Based on an existing oil pipeline cleaning technology and pig, an additional installation box structure for adding disposable media is set inside the pig body, and a rear-mounted cup structure with a hammer rod, double connecting rod and back plate as the skeleton is set, while the hammer rod and the installation box are connected. First, the pressure relief deformation of the disposable medium is used to control the synchronous deformation of the rear diaphragm. When the equipment is blocked by oil sludge inside the oil pipe, the rear diaphragm is narrowed and forms a "bullet head" shape to prevent the blockage. The equipment adopts a purely mechanical hammer rod and double connecting rod structure, which does not require electronic sensors. It is suitable for the harsh environment of high temperature and high pressure in oil fields. When encountering blockage, the blockage is resolved by physical narrowing and increasing local pressure, and it is easy to remove. Secondly, this equipment integrates the anti-jamming function into the machine body and the rear diaphragm cup, eliminating the need for an additional complex diameter-changing actuator, thus reducing manufacturing costs and failure rate; Finally, this equipment uses disposable medium as a power source, which is simple and reliable in structure. There is no need to consider the complex sealing problem of repeated refilling of the medium. It conforms to the design concept of "one-time deployment and one-time completion of key actions" for oilfield downhole tools. The disposable medium maintains a small diameter state after triggering, which is convenient for removal. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure proposed in this invention.
[0017] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the overall structure proposed in this invention.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the card slot structure proposed in this invention.
[0019] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the card structure proposed in this invention.
[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting box connection structure proposed in this invention.
[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation state of the rear-mounted leather cup proposed in this invention.
[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the internal deformation state of the rear-mounted leather cup proposed in this invention.
[0023] In the diagram: 1. Front cup; 2. Rear cup; 201. Concave surface; 3. Annular component; 4. Body; 401. Slot; 402. Slot; 5. Back plate; 501. Clip; 6. Hammer rod; 7. Double connecting rod; 8. Mounting box; 9. Disposable medium; 10. Ejector pin; 101. Pressure relief channel; 11. Through pipe; 111. Shielding component; 12. Spring; 13. Steel brush; 14. Rotating sleeve. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
[0025] The oil pipe descaling device disclosed in this invention is mainly used in the scenario of scraping and cleaning oil scale inside oil pipes.
[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 8 An oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development includes a symmetrically distributed front diaphragm cup 1 and a rear diaphragm cup 2, and a body 4 distributed between the front diaphragm cup 1 and the rear diaphragm cup 2. The side of the front diaphragm cup 1 is provided with an annular component 3, which is rotatably connected to one end of the body 4. The side of the rear diaphragm cup 2 is fixedly connected with a back plate 5, which is connected to the other end of the body 4. A hammer rod 6 is provided inside the rear diaphragm cup 2. Several sets of double connecting rods 7 supporting the rear diaphragm cup 2 are rotatably connected between the hammer rod 6 and the back plate 5. An installation box 8 is fixedly installed at the end of the hammer rod 6. The installation box 8 is slidably connected to the back plate 5. The installation box 8 contains a disposable medium 9 filled with inert gas. The installation box 8 and the disposable medium 9 are both distributed inside the body 4.
[0027] In this embodiment: The worker horizontally inserts the device into the oil pipe to be cleaned, ensuring that the rear piston cup 2 faces the direction of the entire device's movement. Simultaneously, the end of the oil pipe is closed, and air pressure is introduced into the pipe. Driven by this air pressure, the front piston cup 1, rear piston cup 2, and machine body 4 move horizontally along the inside of the oil pipe. This movement simultaneously pushes and scrapes away the sludge and grease adhering to the inner wall of the oil pipe, thus cleaning it. When dirt accumulates on the side of the rear piston cup 2, causing blockage, the worker increases the air pressure introduced into the oil pipe until it reaches a threshold. At this point, the disposable medium 9 inside the mounting box 8 ruptures and releases pressure. The mounting box 8 and hammer rod 6 gradually lose the restraint of the disposable medium 9 and move towards the back plate 5. As the hammer rod 6 moves, it drives the double connecting rod 7 to gradually extend. The specific state is shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown; while the double connecting rod 7 extends, it causes the inner diameter of the rear-mounted cup 2, which is in contact with the oil pipe, to contract. At the same time, the hammer rod 6 located in the middle of the rear-mounted cup 2 gradually extends outward, causing the rear-mounted cup 2 to change from a bowl-shaped structure to a "bullet" shape, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7 As shown; at this time, as the air pressure inside the oil pipe increases, the entire device will continue to move along the inside of the oil pipe, using the hammer rod 6 as the end to push away the dirt blocking it, until it is discharged from the other end of the oil pipe.
[0028] A spring 12 is fixedly connected between the back plate 5 and the hammer rod 6. The spring 12 is sleeved on the outside of the hammer rod 6. When the disposable medium 9 inside the mounting box 8 ruptures and releases pressure, the mounting box 8 and the hammer rod 6 gradually lose the restraint of the disposable medium 9. The hammer rod 6 will be pushed by the spring 12 and move towards the back plate 5.
[0029] Specifically, the end of the body 4 is provided with several slots 401, and the outer side of the back plate 5 is provided with several clips 501. Each slot 401 has a slot 402 through it. The user rotates the back plate 5, causing the clips 501 to rotate and engage with the inside of the slots 401. Then, the pin is inserted into the inside of the slots 402 to fix the slots 401 and the clips 501, thus completing the quick installation of the back plate 5 and the body 4.
[0030] Reference Figures 2 to 3 , Figures 5 to 6 , Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment, a pin 10 is fixedly installed inside the annular part 3, and a tube 11 is provided at the end of the mounting box 8. The tube 11, which is slidably installed inside the body 4, is distributed on the side of the pin 10. A shielding member 111 made of PET material is locked and fixed inside the tube 11, and the outer sides of the pin 10 and the shielding member 111 are in pressure contact.
[0031] When dirt accumulates on the side of the rear piston cup 2, causing blockage, the worker increases the air pressure inside the oil inlet pipe. This air pressure pushes the front piston cup 1, causing it to push the annular component 3. The annular component 3 moves along the inside of the machine body 4, simultaneously driving the ejector pin 10 to insert into the through pipe 11. The ejector pin 10 will strike the outside of the shield 111 until the pressure reaches the threshold of the shield 111, causing it to rupture. At the same time, the ejector pin 10 punctures the disposable medium 9. The disposable medium 9 inside the mounting box 8 ruptures and releases pressure. The mounting box 8 and the hammer rod 6 gradually lose the restraint of the disposable medium 9 and move towards the back plate 5. As the hammer rod 6 moves, it drives the double connecting rod 7 to gradually extend. The specific state is shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown; while the double connecting rod 7 extends, it will cause the inner diameter of the rear cup 2, which is in contact with the oil pipe, to shrink. At the same time, the hammer rod 6 located in the middle of the rear cup 2 gradually extends outward, causing the rear cup 2 to change from a bowl-shaped structure to a "bullet" shape.
[0032] The outer wall of the ejector pin 10 is provided with several pressure relief channels 101, which are used to relieve pressure on the disposable medium 9 after puncturing it.
[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of steel brushes 13 for scraping the inner wall of the pipe are provided on the outer side of the body 4, and a rotating sleeve 14 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the body 4, with the steel brushes 13 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the rotating sleeve 14.
[0034] As the machine body 4 moves along the inside of the oil pipe, the rotating sleeve 14 drives the steel brush 13 to rotate synchronously, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the oil pipe.
[0035] The rear cup 2 is wrapped around the outside of the hammer rod 6 and is squeezed by the hammer rod 6 to form a concave surface 201. When the rear cup 2 moves along the inside of the oil pipe, the concave surface 201 will better wrap and scrape the oil stains.
[0036] Working principle: During use, the worker horizontally inserts the device into the oil pipe to be cleaned, ensuring that the rear piston cup 2 faces the direction of the device's movement. Simultaneously, the end of the oil pipe is closed, and air pressure is introduced into the pipe. Driven by this air pressure, the front piston cup 1, rear piston cup 2, and the machine body 4 move horizontally along the inside of the oil pipe. Simultaneously, the steel brush 13 scrapes and pushes away the sludge and grease adhering to the inner wall of the oil pipe, thus cleaning it. When dirt accumulates on the side of the rear piston cup 2, causing blockage, the worker increases the air pressure introduced into the oil pipe. This air pressure then pushes the front piston cup 1... This causes the front cup 1 to push the annular component 3, allowing it to move along the interior of the body 4. Simultaneously, the movement drives the ejector pin 10 to insert into the through-tube 11. The ejector pin 10 impacts the outer side of the shield 111 until the pressure reaches its threshold, causing the shield 111 to rupture. At the same time, the ejector pin 10 punctures the disposable medium 9, causing the disposable medium 9 inside the mounting box 8 to rupture and release pressure. The mounting box 8 and the hammer rod 6 gradually lose the restraint of the disposable medium 9. The hammer rod 6 is then pushed by the spring 12 and moves towards the back plate 5. As the hammer rod 6 moves, it causes the double connecting rod 7 to gradually extend. The specific state is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 8 As shown; while the double connecting rod 7 extends, it causes the inner diameter of the rear-mounted cup 2, which is in contact with the oil pipe, to contract. At the same time, the hammer rod 6 located in the middle of the rear-mounted cup 2 gradually extends outward, causing the rear-mounted cup 2 to change from a bowl-shaped structure to a "bullet" shape, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7 As shown; at this time, as the air pressure inside the oil pipe increases, the entire device will continue to move along the inside of the oil pipe, using the hammer rod 6 as the end to push away the obstructing dirt until it is discharged from the other end of the oil pipe, thus completing the anti-blocking process.
[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A descaling device for oilfield development, comprising symmetrically distributed front lip cups (1) and rear lip cups (2), and a body (4) distributed between the front lip cups (1) and the rear lip cups (2), characterized in that, The front cup (1) is provided with an annular part (3) on its side, and is slidably connected to one end of the body (4) by the annular part (3). The rear cup (2) is fixedly connected to a back plate (5) on its side, and is connected to the other end of the body (4) by the back plate (5). A hammer rod (6) is provided inside the rear cup (2). Several sets of double connecting rods (7) supporting the rear cup (2) are rotatably connected between the hammer rod (6) and the back plate (5). An installation box (8) is fixedly installed at the end of the hammer rod (6). The installation box (8) is slidably connected to the back plate (5). The installation box (8) contains a disposable medium (9) filled with inert gas. The installation box (8) and the disposable medium (9) are both distributed inside the body (4).
2. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring part (3) has a pin (10) fixedly installed inside, and the end of the mounting box (8) is provided with a tube (11). The tube (11) is slidably installed inside the body (4) and is distributed on the side of the pin (10).
3. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spring (12) is fixedly connected between the back plate (5) and the hammer rod (6), and the spring (12) is sleeved on the outside of the hammer rod (6).
4. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the body (4) is provided with several steel brushes (13) for scraping the inner wall of the pipe.
5. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotating sleeve (14) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the body (4), and the steel brush (13) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the rotating sleeve (14).
6. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear cup (2) is wrapped around the outside of the hammer rod (6) and is squeezed by the hammer rod (6) to form an inner concave surface (201).
7. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the body (4) is provided with several slots (401), and the outer side of the back plate (5) is provided with several clips (501). The clips (501) rotate and engage with the inside of the slots (401).
8. The oil pipe descaling device for oilfield development according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the card slots (401) has a through slot (402) on its outer side, and a pin is inserted into the slot (402) to fix the card slot (401) and the card (501).
9. A descaling device for oilfield development tubing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the ejector pin (10) is provided with several pressure relief channels (101).
10. A descaling device for oilfield development tubing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tube (11) is internally fitted with a shield (111) made of PET material, and the ejector pin (10) and the shield (111) are in contact by compression.