Glass AG treatment process

Abstract

The invention provides a glass AG treatment process, and belongs to the technical field of glass surface treatment. The process comprises the following steps: pre-treating glass, and sequentially printing a main color layer and a protective layer on a first surface of the glass; the second surface of the glass substrate is coated with silk-screen printing ink in a silk-screen printing mode, an AG bottom layer is formed, and baking and high-temperature curing are conducted; and finally, an AF coating is sprayed on the AG bottom layer. The silk-screen printing ink comprises an inorganic glaze and an organic carrier, the inorganic glaze comprises SiO2, Al2O3, BaO, ZnO and other components, and the AF coating is a solution containing perfluoropolyether siloxane resin. The process disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the surface of the obtained AG glass has excellent matte effect, high hardness, high wear resistance, strong adhesive force and hydrophobic and anti-fouling performance, the process flow is simple and stable, and the process is suitable for large-scale production of household appliance glass panels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass surface treatment technology, specifically to a glass AG treatment process. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of living standards, people's aesthetic and quality requirements for the appearance of home appliances are increasing. Appliance panels not only need novel designs and rich patterns and colors, but also require excellent surface durability, such as scratch resistance, corrosion resistance, and colorfastness. Against this backdrop, glass substrates, with their high-end texture and excellent processability, have become the preferred material for modern high-end home appliances. Applying AG (Agglomerate Gravity) treatment to the glass surface creates a delicate, matte finish that not only enhances visual quality and reduces glare, but also improves tactile feel and fingerprint resistance. Therefore, AG treatment technology has significant application value in the manufacturing of glass substrates for home appliances.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream processes for achieving AG (Agglomerate) effects on glass surfaces in the industry mainly include acid etching and UV transfer printing. Acid etching is a more traditional AG processing technology. It usually requires multiple auxiliary processes such as masking and cleaning, resulting in a long process and low efficiency. In addition, the acid etching process generates fluorine-containing waste liquid, which can cause serious environmental pollution if not properly treated.

[0004] UV transfer printing is a process that has been developed in recent years. It involves coating a glass surface with UV resin, pressing out microstructures using a transfer mold, and then curing the microstructures with ultraviolet light. This method is simple and quick, but it is too costly and lacks durability.

[0005] In summary, the industry has long faced a technical dilemma: it is difficult to simultaneously achieve environmental friendliness, high wear resistance, and process simplicity in a single process.

[0006] Therefore, developing a new glass AG processing technology that is environmentally friendly, wear-resistant, efficient, and suitable for industrial mass production has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a glass AG processing technology to solve the technical problem that "durability and processing efficiency are difficult to balance in the existing AG glass production process".

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: This invention provides a glass AG processing technology, comprising the following steps: (1) Pre-treat the glass to obtain a glass substrate; (2) The main color layer and the protective layer are printed sequentially on the first surface of the glass substrate; (3) Inorganic glaze and organic carrier are mixed to form screen printing ink, which is then coated on the second surface of glass substrate by screen printing and finally cured to form AG underlayer; (4) Apply an AF coating to the AG substrate.

[0009] Further, the inorganic glaze comprises, by mass percentage: 42-60% SiO2, 12-22% Al2O3, 1-8% K2O, 1-8% Na2O, 0.14-0.3% Fe2O3, 12-25% CaO, 1-8% MgO, 3-11.45% BaO, 2.2-4.5% ZnO, 0.02-0.05% B2O3, and 0.01-0.03% ZrO2.

[0010] Furthermore, the organic carrier comprises a solvent and a resin, wherein the solvent comprises one or more of terpineol, butyl carbitol, and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and the resin comprises one or more of ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, and acrylic resin.

[0011] Furthermore, the organic carrier contains 85-92 wt% solvent and 8-15 wt% resin, and the mass ratio of organic carrier to inorganic glaze is 1:(1.5-2.4).

[0012] Furthermore, the printing thickness of the AG substrate is 3~15µm; the curing includes baking at 150~160℃ for 6~15min, and then curing at 600~800℃ for 9~20min.

[0013] Furthermore, the coating of the AF coating is a hydrofluoroether solution containing 1-3.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin.

[0014] Furthermore, the spraying speed of the AF coating is 20~40m / s, the atomization pressure is 0.1~0.3MPa, and the film thickness is 8~20nm.

[0015] Furthermore, the main color layer printing uses composite color ink, which, by weight, comprises: 8-12 parts acrylic resin base color oil, 23-27 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 10-12 parts cyclohexanone, and 3-5 parts aluminum silver paste.

[0016] Further, in step (2), the protective layer printing uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which includes component A and component B. Component A includes epoxy resin, titanium dioxide and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and component B is a polyamide curing agent.

[0017] Further, component A, by weight, comprises: 90-115 parts epoxy resin, 27-32 parts titanium dioxide, and 19-21 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; component B comprises 18-21 parts polyamide curing agent.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) By combining the inorganic glaze AG base layer with the nano AF coating, the present invention achieves a delicate AG effect while giving the surface extremely high hardness, wear resistance and hydrophobic and anti-fouling properties, and its durability is significantly better than that of the organic resin route.

[0019] (2) The process steps of the present invention are simple and the parameters are easy to control. It does not require complex masks or expensive molds, making it more suitable for industrial continuous production and taking into account efficiency, cost and quality uniformity.

[0020] (3) The process of this invention has no strong acid etching steps, which avoids the generation of fluorine-containing toxic waste liquid and is an environmentally friendly green production process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of glass after AG treatment provided in Embodiments 1-6 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The image shows the microscopic observation and measurement analysis of the AG surface structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Before screen printing, this invention requires the preparation of a high-precision screen printing plate. Specifically, a high-strength aluminum frame and polyester screen fabric are selected, with a preferred mesh count of 250, and the screen is stretched to a tension of 22 N / cm. Subsequently, PLUS-7000 photosensitive emulsion is applied to both sides in a darkroom environment, controlling the dry film thickness to 10 µm, and then dried at 40°C. Laser patterning is used for exposure, with an initial exposure time of 90 seconds. The screen is then developed with 60°C warm water and dried, followed by a second exposure for 30 minutes to thoroughly solidify the screen, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent printed pattern and the uniformity of the enamel layer thickness.

[0025] In this invention, the first surface of the glass substrate undergoes a composite printing process involving a main color layer and a protective layer. The main color layer is printed using a composite colored ink consisting of 8-12 parts acrylic resin-based dark blue pigment, 23-27 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and 10-12 parts cyclohexanone as a diluent, and 3-5 parts aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 3-8 µm, and the ink is cured at 160-200°C for 7-9 minutes. The protective layer is printed using a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which consists of component A (90-115 parts epoxy resin, 27-32 parts titanium dioxide, and 19-21 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate) and component B (18-21 parts polyamide curing agent). The printing thickness is 5-20 µm, and the ink is baked and cured at 190-200°C for 9-10 minutes.

[0026] In this invention, an AG underlayer is printed on the second surface of a glass substrate using screen printing ink. The screen printing ink is formed by ball milling an inorganic glaze and an organic carrier mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:1. The inorganic glaze comprises, by mass percentage: 42-60% SiO2, 12-22% Al2O3, 1-8% K2O, 1-8% Na2O, 0.14-0.3% Fe2O3, 12-25% CaO, 1-8% MgO, 3-11.45% BaO, 2.2-4.5% ZnO, 0.02-0.05% B2O3, and 0.01-0.03% ZrO2.

[0027] In this invention, the inorganic glaze is made by accurately weighing and mixing the raw material powders of each component according to the mass percentage and then performing preliminary ball milling until the average particle size D50 ≤ 5µm. Then, the inorganic glaze is mixed with an organic carrier at a mass ratio of (1.5~2.4):1, wherein the organic carrier contains 85~92wt% terpineol and 8~15wt% ethyl cellulose. The mixture is then ground and dispersed using a three-roll mill until the fineness reaches ≤15µm using a scraper fineness gauge, and then formulated into a paste-like screen printing ink.

[0028] In this invention, the AG substrate is first baked at 150~160℃ for 6~15 min, and then cured at 600~800℃ for 9~20 min. The thickness of the AG substrate is preferably 3~15µm, and more preferably 6~10µm.

[0029] In this invention, the coating material for the AF coating is a hydrofluoroether containing 1~3.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin, the spraying speed is 20~40m / s, the atomization pressure is 0.1~0.3MPa, and the film thickness is 8~20nm.

[0030] In this invention, the glass substrate can be float glass or ultra-clear glass, with a thickness greater than 2.0 mm, such as 2.5 mm, 4 mm, or 6 mm. Those skilled in the art can select an appropriate thickness according to actual needs.

[0031] Example 1; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, water cut, edge grinding and chamfer it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, deionized water rinsing and drying to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Composite printing is performed on the first surface of the glass substrate, including the printing of the main color layer and the printing of the protective layer in sequence. The printing of the main color layer uses a composite color ink composed of 10 parts of acrylic resin-based dark blue color oil, 25 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and 11 parts of cyclohexanone as a mixed diluent and 4 parts of aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 3µm and it is cured at 180℃ for 8min. The printing of the protective layer uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which is composed of component A consisting of 100 parts of epoxy resin, 30 parts of titanium dioxide and 20 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and component B consisting of 20 parts of polyamide curing agent. The printing thickness is 5µm and it is baked and cured at 195℃ for 9.3min. (3) An inorganic glaze and an organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:1 and ball-milled to form a screen printing ink. The ink is then used for AG underlayer printing via screen printing. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 42% SiO2, 22% Al2O3, 1% K2O, 1% Na2O, 0.3% Fe2O3, 12% CaO, 8% MgO, 11.45% BaO, 2.2% ZnO, and 0.02% B2O. 3. Mix 0.03% ZrO2 and ball mill it. The organic carrier contains 85wt% terpineol and 15wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness is 3µm. Bake at 150℃ for 6min and then cure at 600℃ for 9min. Spray an AF coating on the formed AG base layer. The coating material is hydrofluoroether containing 2.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin. The spraying speed is 30m / s, the atomization pressure is 0.2MPa, and the film thickness is 8nm to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0032] Example 2; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, perform water cutting, edge grinding and chamfering on it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, rinse it with deionized water and dry it to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Composite printing is performed on the first surface of the glass substrate, including the printing of the main color layer and the printing of the protective layer in sequence. The printing of the main color layer uses a composite color ink composed of 10 parts of acrylic resin-based dark blue color oil, 25 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and 11 parts of cyclohexanone as a mixed diluent and 4 parts of aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 5µm and it is cured at 180℃ for 8min. The printing of the protective layer uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which is composed of component A consisting of 100 parts of epoxy resin, 30 parts of titanium dioxide and 20 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and component B consisting of 20 parts of polyamide curing agent. The printing thickness is 10µm and it is baked and cured at 195℃ for 9.3min. (3) An inorganic glaze and an organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and ball-milled to form a screen printing ink. The ink is then used for AG underlayer printing via screen printing. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 49.7% SiO2, 15.25% Al2O3, 3% K2O, 3.6% Na2O, 0.25% Fe2O3, 16.45% CaO, 2.4% MgO, 6.1% BaO, 3.2% ZnO, and 0.03%... B2O3 and 0.02% ZrO2 were mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 90wt% terpineol and 10wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 8µm. The mixture was baked at 150℃ for 6min and then cured at 600℃ for 10min. An AF coating was sprayed onto the formed AG substrate. The coating material was hydrofluoroether containing 2.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin. The spraying speed was 30m / s, the atomization pressure was 0.2MPa, and the film thickness was 12nm, thus obtaining the AG glass panel.

[0033] Example 3; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, perform water cutting, edge grinding and chamfering on it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, rinse it with deionized water and dry it to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Composite printing is performed on the first surface of the glass substrate, including the printing of the main color layer and the printing of the protective layer in sequence. The printing of the main color layer uses a composite color ink composed of 10 parts of acrylic resin-based dark blue color oil, 25 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and 11 parts of cyclohexanone as a mixed diluent and 4 parts of aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 8µm and it is cured at 180℃ for 8min. The printing of the protective layer uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which is composed of component A consisting of 100 parts of epoxy resin, 30 parts of titanium dioxide and 20 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and component B consisting of 20 parts of polyamide curing agent. The printing thickness is 20µm and it is baked and cured at 195℃ for 9.3min. (3) An inorganic glaze and an organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 2.4:1 and ball-milled to form a screen printing ink. The ink is then used for AG underlayer printing via screen printing. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 60% SiO2, 12% Al2O3, 2% K2O, 2% Na2O, 0.14% Fe2O3, 12% CaO, 1% MgO, 6.3% BaO, 4.5% ZnO, and 0.05% B2O3. 0.01% ZrO2 was mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 92 wt% terpineol and 8 wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 15 µm. The mixture was baked at 150 °C for 15 min and then cured at 600 °C for 20 min. An AF coating was sprayed onto the formed AG substrate. The coating material was hydrofluoroether containing 2.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin. The spraying speed was 30 m / s, the atomization pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the film thickness was 20 nm to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0034] Example 4; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, perform water cutting, edge grinding and chamfering on it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, rinse it with deionized water and dry it to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Composite printing is performed on the first surface of the glass substrate, including the printing of the main color layer and the printing of the protective layer in sequence. The printing of the main color layer uses a composite color ink composed of 8 parts of acrylic resin-based dark blue color oil, 23 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and 10 parts of cyclohexanone as a mixed diluent and 3 parts of aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 4µm and it is cured at 160℃ for 7min. The printing of the protective layer uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which is composed of 90 parts of epoxy resin, 27 parts of titanium dioxide and 19 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate as component A and 18 parts of polyamide curing agent as component B. The printing thickness is 8µm and it is baked and cured at 190℃ for 9min. (3) On the second surface of the glass substrate, inorganic glaze and organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and ball-milled to form screen printing ink. The ink is then screen-printed as the AG underlayer. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 40% SiO2, 12.63% Al2O3, 8% K2O, 8% Na2O, 0.14% Fe2O3, 25% CaO, 1% MgO, 3% BaO, 2.2% ZnO, and 0.02% B2. O3 and 0.01% ZrO2 were mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 90 wt% terpineol and 10 wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 8 µm. The mixture was baked at 150 °C for 6 min and then cured at 600 °C for 9 min. An AF coating containing 1% hydrofluoroether of perfluoropolyether siloxane resin was sprayed onto the formed AG substrate at a spraying speed of 20 m / s, an atomization pressure of 0.1 MPa, and a film thickness of 15 nm to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0035] Example 5; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, perform water cutting, edge grinding and chamfering on it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, rinse it with deionized water and dry it to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Composite printing is performed on the first surface of the glass substrate, including the printing of the main color layer and the printing of the protective layer in sequence. The printing of the main color layer uses a composite color ink composed of 8 parts of acrylic resin-based dark blue color oil, 23 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and 10 parts of cyclohexanone as a mixed diluent and 3 parts of aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 4µm and it is cured at 160℃ for 7min. The printing of the protective layer uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which is composed of 90 parts of epoxy resin, 27 parts of titanium dioxide and 19 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate as component A and 18 parts of polyamide curing agent as component B. The printing thickness is 8µm and it is baked and cured at 190℃ for 9min. (3) On the second surface of the glass substrate, inorganic glaze and organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and ball-milled to form screen printing ink, which is then used for AG underlayer printing through a screen. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 49.7% SiO2, 15.25% Al2O3, 3% K2O, 3.6% Na2O, 0.25% Fe2O3, 16.45% CaO, 2.4% MgO, 6.1% BaO, 3.2% ZnO, and 0. 0.03% B2O3 and 0.02% ZrO2 were mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 90wt% terpineol and 10wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 8µm. The mixture was baked at 150℃ for 6min and then cured at 600℃ for 9min. An AF coating containing 1% hydrofluoroether of perfluoropolyether siloxane resin was sprayed onto the formed AG substrate at a spraying speed of 20m / s, an atomization pressure of 0.1MPa, and a film thickness of 17nm to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0036] Example 6; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, perform water cutting, edge grinding and chamfering on it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, rinse it with deionized water and dry it to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Composite printing is performed on the first surface of the glass substrate, including the printing of the main color layer and the printing of the protective layer in sequence. The printing of the main color layer uses a composite color ink composed of 12 parts of acrylic resin-based dark blue color oil, 27 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and 12 parts of cyclohexanone as a mixed diluent and 5 parts of aluminum silver paste. The printing thickness is 6µm and it is cured at 200℃ for 9min. The printing of the protective layer uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which is composed of component A consisting of 115 parts of epoxy resin, 32 parts of titanium dioxide and 21 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and component B consisting of 21 parts of polyamide curing agent. The printing thickness is 11µm and it is baked and cured at 200℃ for 10min. (3) An inorganic glaze and an organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and ball-milled to form a screen printing ink. The ink is then used for AG underlayer printing via screen printing. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 49.7% SiO2, 15.25% Al2O3, 3% K2O, 3.6% Na2O, 0.25% Fe2O3, 16.45% CaO, 2.4% MgO, 6.1% BaO, 3.2% ZnO, and 0.03% Fe2O3. % B2O3 and 0.02% ZrO2 were mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 90wt% terpineol and 10wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 8µm. The mixture was baked at 160℃ for 10min and then cured at 800℃ for 11min. An AF coating was sprayed onto the formed AG substrate. The coating material was hydrofluoroether containing 3.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin. The spraying speed was 40m / s, the atomization pressure was 0.3MPa, and the film thickness was 12nm, thus obtaining the AG glass panel.

[0037] Comparative Example 1; The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 lies in step (3). Step (3) is changed to: mixing inorganic glaze and organic carrier at a mass ratio of 2:1 on the second surface of the glass substrate, ball milling to form screen printing ink, and then printing the AG underlayer through a screen. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 49.7% SiO2, 15.25% Al2O3, 3% K2O, 3.6% Na2O, 0.25% Fe2O3, 22.55% CaO, 2.4% MgO, and 3.2% Zn. O, 0.03% B2O3, and 0.02% ZrO2 were mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 90 wt% terpineol and 10 wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 8 µm. The mixture was baked at 150 °C for 6 min and then cured at 600 °C for 10 min. An AF coating was sprayed onto the formed AG underlayer. The coating material was hydrofluoroether containing 2.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin. The spraying speed was 30 m / s, the atomization pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the film thickness was 12 nm to obtain the AG glass panel. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 2.

[0038] Comparative Example 2; The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 lies in step (3). Step (3) is changed to: mixing inorganic glaze and organic carrier at a mass ratio of 2:1 on the second surface of the glass substrate, ball milling the mixture into screen printing ink, and then printing the AG underlayer through a screen. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 49.73% SiO2, 16.25% Al2O3, 1.96% K2O, 1.64% Na2O, and 0.25% Fe. 2O3, 17.45% CaO, 2.4% MgO, 6.08% BaO, 4.19% ZnO, 0.03% B2O3, and 0.02% ZrO2 were mixed and ball-milled. The organic carrier contained 90 wt% terpineol and 10 wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness was 8 µm. The mixture was baked at 150 °C for 6 min and then cured at 600 °C for 10 min to obtain an AG glass panel. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 2.

[0039] Comparative Example 3; (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, perform water cutting, edge grinding and chamfering on it, and then clean it by ultrasonic cleaning, rinse it with deionized water and dry it to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) On the second surface of the glass substrate, inorganic glaze and organic carrier are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and ball-milled to form screen printing ink. The ink is then printed on the AG bottom layer through a screen. The inorganic glaze, by mass percentage, includes: 49.73% SiO2, 16.25% Al2O3, 1.96% K2O, 1.64% Na2O, 0.25% Fe2O3, 17.45% CaO, 2.4% MgO, 6.08% BaO, 4.19% ZnO, 0.03% B2O3, and 0.02% ZrO2. The mixture is ball-milled. The organic carrier contains 90wt% terpineol and 10wt% ethyl cellulose. The printing thickness is 8µm. The ink is baked at 150℃ for 6min and then cured at 600℃ for 10min to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0040] Comparative Example 4; This comparative example provides an AG glass panel prepared using a traditional acid etching method for performance comparison with Comparative Example 3 of the present invention. This method has a complex process, typically including multiple steps such as masking, etching, film removal, cleaning, and waste liquid treatment. For the sake of simplicity, only the core etching steps that achieve the AG effect are described below: (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5mm, water cut, edge grinding and chamfering it, then ultrasonic cleaning, deionized water rinsing and drying to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Immerse the glass substrate in an acid etching solution at a temperature of 25°C, wherein the acid etching solution is an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid with a mass fraction of 8%, and the etching time is 5 minutes. After etching, immediately remove the glass substrate and first wash it with water multiple times to remove most of the residual acid. Then, neutralize it with an alkaline solution and finally rinse it thoroughly with deionized water. After completion, dry it in an oven at 120°C for 15 minutes to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0041] Comparative Example 5; This comparative example provides an AG glass panel prepared using a UV transfer method. (1) Take a float glass with a thickness of 2.5mm, water cut, edge grinding and chamfering it, then ultrasonic cleaning, deionized water rinsing and drying to obtain a clean glass substrate; (2) Mix 100 parts of purple polyurethane acrylate, 15 parts of fumed silica matting agent and 5 parts of phenyl bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, stir evenly to prepare UV-AG transfer paste; coat the UV-AG transfer paste evenly on the PET transfer film with microstructure texture using a coating machine, then bond it to the second surface of the glass substrate, and roll press the paste to fill the texture of the transfer film and contact the glass surface; use a UV curing machine with a strength of 800mJ / cm 2 The substrate is irradiated with ultraviolet light at a main wavelength of 365nm for 10 seconds to completely cure the UV resin. The PET transfer film is then peeled off from the glass surface, and the cured resin layer is detached from the transfer film and adhered to the glass surface to obtain the AG glass panel.

[0042] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the layered structure of AG glass after processing, as provided in Embodiments 1-6 of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, from top to bottom, the layers include an AF coating, an AG underlayer, a glass substrate, a main color layer, and a protective layer, demonstrating the stacking relationship of each functional layer.

[0043] Figure 2 The image shown is a microscopic observation and measurement analysis diagram of the AG surface structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Observation by a roughness meter or scanning electron microscope reveals the microscopic uneven structure formed after the AG bottom layer is sintered at high temperature. This structure is the key to achieving the matte effect.

[0044] Test methods To verify the beneficial effects of the process described in this invention, the following performance tests were conducted on the examples and comparative samples: AG effect test Haze test: The haze value of the sample was measured using a haze meter in accordance with the national standard GB / T2410. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Gloss test: The gloss of the sample surface was measured using a 60° gloss meter in accordance with the national standard GB / T9754. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Roughness test: The roughness of the AG effect surface of the sample was tested using a roughness tester. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Durability test Hardness test: The hardness of the AG layer pencil was tested using a pencil hardness tester according to the national standard GB / T6739. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Adhesion test: The cross-cut test was conducted according to the national standard GB / T9286, with a cross-cut spacing of 1 mm. The adhesion level between the AG layer and the glass substrate was evaluated (0 is the best and 5 is the worst). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] Acid and alkali resistance test: The samples were immersed in 5% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution respectively for 240 hours at room temperature. After immersion, the surface condition was observed and the gloss change was retested. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Abrasion resistance test: An alcohol abrasion tester was used with a load of 300g. A lint-free cloth soaked in ethanol was used as the friction head to perform reciprocating friction. The number of frictions when there was peeling or obvious marks on the sample surface was recorded. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Ease of cleaning test: The static contact angle of deionized water on the sample surface was measured using a contact angle meter. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Table 1 shows that the haze value error of Examples 1-6 is within 0.1-0.6, and the gloss is in the matte range of 26-32 GU. This indicates that the AG effect of the present invention is stable and controllable, and can stably prepare AG surfaces with uniform optical properties.

[0054] Comparative Example 1 significantly increased the CaO content and removed BaO, altering the high-temperature rheology and crystallization behavior of the glaze. This resulted in an excessively flat surface microstructure after sintering (roughness of only 0.65µm). This directly proves that BaO is not an optional component in the system of this invention. Its synergistic effect with specific amounts of CaO, ZnO, and other components is key to achieving both optical properties (haze, gloss) and microstructure (roughness) within the ideal matte AG effect range. The component ratio provided by this invention has been precisely designed and verified. The absence or imbalance of any important component will lead to a significant decrease in the AG effect.

[0055] Comparative Examples 2 and 3 showed little difference from Example 2 in terms of haze, gloss, and roughness, indicating that the AF coating independently provides hydrophobic functionality, and the introduction of its nanoscale thickness did not affect the core microstructure and optical properties of the AG substrate, achieving a perfect functional superposition between the two.

[0056] Comparative Examples 4 and 5 represent existing technical routes. Although acid-etched AG has slightly higher haze and the lowest gloss, it has slightly higher roughness and a low contact angle. Its disadvantages are that it is easy to trap dirt and has a rough feel. UV-AG has insufficient haze, excessive gloss, and excessively low roughness, resulting in a weak AG effect and a contact angle of only 75°. Together, these reveal the limitations of existing technologies in terms of optical performance, structural design, and surface function.

[0057] Table 2

[0058] As shown in Table 2, the AG layer formed by sintering the inorganic glaze of the present invention has intrinsic high hardness and chemical stability similar to glass ceramics, which is the cornerstone of product durability.

[0059] Comparative Example 4 showed a significant and abnormal increase in gloss after acid and alkali immersion, which is because its porous structure was further corroded and smoothed. This proves that the AG effect of acid etching will irreversibly decrease during chemical contact.

[0060] The gloss of Comparative Example 5 decreased sharply after acid and alkali immersion. This is because the resin layer turns white and bubbles under the action of acid and alkali, which reveals the defects of organic resin route: weak mechanical strength and easy to be destroyed by chemical media and completely fail.

[0061] The abrasion resistance data in Table 2 show that the AF coating is the key to achieving long-term durability of the product. Even though Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 have the same hard AG underlayer, the stain resistance and abrasion resistance of Comparative Example 3 is only half that of Example 2. This proves that the AF coating not only provides immediate hydrophobic and anti-fingerprint functions, but is also an essential core component to prevent contaminants from penetrating during long-term use and to maintain the long-term cleanliness and aesthetics of AG glass.

[0062] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A glass AG processing technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Pre-treat the glass to obtain a glass substrate; (2) The main color layer and the protective layer are printed sequentially on the first surface of the glass substrate; (3) Inorganic glaze and organic carrier are mixed to form screen printing ink, which is then coated on the second surface of glass substrate by screen printing and finally cured to form AG underlayer; (4) Apply an AF coating to the AG substrate; The inorganic glaze comprises, by mass percentage: 42-60% SiO2, 12-22% Al2O3, 1-8% K2O, 1-8% Na2O, 0.14-0.3% Fe2O3, 12-25% CaO, 1-8% MgO, 3-11.45% BaO, 2.2-4.5% ZnO, 0.02-0.05% B2O3, and 0.01-0.03% ZrO2.

2. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the organic carrier comprises a solvent and a resin, wherein the solvent includes one or more of terpineol, butyl carbitol, and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and the resin includes one or more of ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, and acrylic resin.

3. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic carrier contains 85-92 wt% solvent and 8-15 wt% resin, and the mass ratio of organic carrier to inorganic glaze is 1:(1.5-2.4).

4. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the printing thickness of the AG substrate is 3~15µm; the curing includes baking at 150~160℃ for 6~15min and then curing at 600~800℃ for 9~20min.

5. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the coating of the AF coating is a hydrofluoroether solution containing 1~3.5% perfluoropolyether siloxane resin.

6. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (4), the spraying speed of the AF coating is 20~40m / s, the atomization pressure is 0.1~0.3MPa, and the film thickness is 8~20nm.

7. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the main color layer printing uses composite color ink, which, by weight, contains: 8-12 parts acrylic resin base color oil, 23-27 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 10-12 parts cyclohexanone, and 3-5 parts aluminum silver paste.

8. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the protective layer printing uses a two-component epoxy resin composite primer ink, which includes component A and component B. Component A includes epoxy resin, titanium dioxide and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and component B is a polyamide curing agent.

9. The glass AG processing technology according to claim 8, characterized in that, Component A, by weight, comprises: 90-115 parts epoxy resin, 27-32 parts titanium dioxide, and 19-21 parts propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; Component B comprises 18-21 parts polyamide curing agent.

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