Blast furnace smooth quantitative regulation and control method based on operation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a blast furnace smooth quantitative regulation and control method based on an operation system, and relates to the field of blast furnace regulation and control. The method comprises the following steps: classifying blast furnace operation parameters according to a raw fuel system, a charging system, an air supply system, a heat system and a slagging system, and combining influence coefficients and system weights of the parameters on blast furnace pressure difference to construct a comprehensive influence quantity; meanwhile, the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation quantity and the center and edge temperature difference are obtained in real time, whether early warning regulation and control are needed or not is judged based on whether the comprehensive influence quantity, the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation quantity and the center and edge temperature difference exceed respective preset threshold values or not, if yes, the early warning grade is judged, and the dominant abnormal operation system is recognized based on the influence quantity of each system; and the corresponding parameter adjustment amount is calculated according to the influence amount of the system, and regulation and control are executed according to the adjustment range limited by the early warning level, so that early and quantitative identification of the abnormal furnace condition is realized, and passive intervention only depending on a single index or a post phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blast furnace control, and more particularly to a quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures. Background Technology

[0002] Blast furnace ironmaking is a crucial link in the steel production process, and its operational stability (i.e., "smooth operation") directly affects the quality of molten iron, energy consumption, and production safety. Currently, blast furnace operation still heavily relies on the subjective experience of operators. In response to the evolution of furnace conditions under the coupled effects of multiple factors such as fluctuations in raw materials, changes in charging procedures, and adjustments to blast parameters, a "passive response, post-event adjustment" control model is commonly adopted, lacking the ability to identify and quantitatively intervene in abnormal trends early.

[0003] For example, when the ash content of coke increases or the grade of ore decreases, operators find it difficult to accurately assess the impact on the furnace's thermal balance and pressure difference. They often intervene only after severe abnormalities such as drastic fluctuations in furnace temperature, abnormal increases in pressure difference, or even the occurrence of suspended material occur, leading to delayed control and an increase in the fuel ratio. Furthermore, in the process of coordinating the optimization of the upper and lower systems, the adjustment of key parameters such as the charging angle, material line height, air volume, and oxygen enrichment rate relies heavily on trial and error. There is a lack of quantitative correlation models based on airflow distribution (such as the temperature difference between the center and the edge) and pressure difference response, which not only prolongs the adjustment cycle but also easily causes repeated fluctuations in furnace conditions, affecting the long-term stable operation of the blast furnace.

[0004] Although some automated monitoring methods have been introduced into existing technologies, a unified quantitative evaluation system covering the five major operational dimensions of raw material system, charging system, air supply system, heat system and slag formation system has not yet been established. It is impossible to conduct attribution analysis and weight allocation of the impact of fluctuations in various parameters on core operating indicators such as blast furnace differential pressure, and it is even more difficult to achieve precise control based on the dominant abnormal system.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures. This method would collect operating parameters in real time, calculate the impact of operating procedures, identify the main sources of anomalies, and implement quantitative adjustments to parameters in conjunction with early warning levels. This would enable a shift from "experience-driven" to "data-driven" operation, thereby improving the foresight, stability, and energy efficiency of blast furnace operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the problems of existing blast furnace operations relying on experience, lagging control, and lack of quantitative basis, this invention proposes a quantitative control method for blast furnace forward operation based on operating procedures, including:

[0007] S1: Classify the blast furnace operating parameters according to their respective operating systems; the operating systems include raw material system, charging system, air supply system, heating system, and slag formation system;

[0008] S2: For each blast furnace operating parameter in each operating system, preset its influence coefficient on the blast furnace pressure difference, and assign a corresponding system weight to each operating system, the sum of the system weights being 1;

[0009] S3: Real-time acquisition of actual values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter, calculation of the fluctuation of each parameter relative to the standard value, and calculation of the influence quantity corresponding to each operating system in combination with the influence coefficient, to obtain the influence quantity of each system; then, according to the influence quantity of each system and its corresponding system weight, weighted summation to obtain the comprehensive influence quantity; at the same time, acquisition of the current operating status data of the blast furnace, the operating status data including the blast furnace pressure difference and the temperature difference between the center and the edge, wherein the blast furnace pressure difference is the difference between the pressure in front of the blast furnace hearth tuyeres and the pressure at the top of the furnace, and the temperature difference between the center and the edge is the difference between the average temperatures of the blast furnace center area and the edge area measured by the cross temperature measuring device at the furnace throat;

[0010] S4: Based on the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, and whether the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, determine whether early warning control is required; if so, determine the early warning level, identify the dominant abnormal operating system based on the impact of each system, calculate the corresponding parameter adjustment amount based on the impact of the system, and execute control according to the adjustment range limited by the early warning level; the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is the difference between the blast furnace pressure difference and the preset standard pressure difference.

[0011] Furthermore, the determination of whether early warning control is needed is based on whether the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, and center-edge temperature difference exceed the corresponding preset thresholds; if so, the early warning level is determined; specifically including:

[0012] When the comprehensive impact or the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is within the first preset range, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge is within the second preset range, it is determined to be a level two warning.

[0013] When the overall impact or the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation exceeds the first preset value, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceeds the second preset value, it is determined to be a Level 1 warning.

[0014] Wherein, the upper limit of the first preset range is equal to the first preset value; the upper limit of the second preset range is equal to the second preset value.

[0015] Furthermore, the blast furnace operating parameters of the raw material and fuel system include: coke load, coke ash content, coke strength, ore grade, and ore particle size;

[0016] The blast furnace operating parameters for the charging system include: charging angle, charge line height, batch weight, and number of charging rings; the blast furnace operating parameters for the blast system include: blast volume, blast temperature, oxygen enrichment rate, and blast humidity.

[0017] The blast furnace operating parameters of the thermal regime include: theoretical combustion temperature, hearth thermal state index, and fuel ratio; the blast furnace operating parameters of the slag-forming regime include: slag basicity, flux ratio, MgO content, and Al2O3 / SiO2 ratio.

[0018] Furthermore, the operational system for identifying dominant anomalies based on the impact of each system, and calculating the corresponding parameter adjustment amount based on the impact of that system, specifically involves:

[0019] If the dominant abnormal operating system is a raw material system, then the system impact of the system is converted into an equivalent fuel ratio change, and the coke load adjustment is calculated by multiplying the equivalent fuel ratio change by a negative first proportional coefficient; the first proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset coke load adjustment and the preset fuel ratio change.

[0020] If the dominant abnormal operation system is the loading system, then based on the temperature difference between the center and the edge and the preset control rules, the fabric parameters to be adjusted are determined from the fabric angle and the material line height, and the adjustment amount corresponding to the fabric parameters is calculated.

[0021] If the dominant abnormal operation system is the air supply system, then based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the preset control strategy, the air supply parameter to be adjusted is determined from the air volume and oxygen enrichment rate, and the adjustment amount corresponding to the air supply parameter is calculated.

[0022] If the dominant abnormal operating regime is a thermal regime, then the deviation between the average temperature of the central region and the standard central temperature is obtained, and based on the deviation and the preset thermal balance control rules, the thermal regime parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined.

[0023] If the dominant abnormal operation system is a slag-forming system, the deviation between the slag basicity and the target slag basicity is obtained, and based on the deviation and the preset slag system control strategy, the slag-forming parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined.

[0024] Furthermore, based on the temperature difference between the center and the edge and the preset control rules, the fabric parameters to be adjusted are determined from the fabric angle and the fabric line height, and the corresponding adjustment amount is calculated; specifically:

[0025] When the average temperature of the edge region is higher than the average temperature of the center region and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the first temperature difference threshold, the fabric angle is selected as the adjustment object, and the adjustment amount of the fabric angle is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference between the center and the edge by the second proportional coefficient.

[0026] When the average temperature of the central region is higher than the average temperature of the edge region and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the second temperature difference threshold, the material line height is selected as the adjustment target, and the adjustment amount of the material line height is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference between the center and the edge by the third proportional coefficient.

[0027] Wherein, the second proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset fabric angle adjustment amount and the preset unit temperature difference, and the third proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset material line height adjustment amount and the preset unit temperature difference.

[0028] Furthermore, the step of determining the blast furnace air supply parameter to be adjusted from the blast volume and oxygen enrichment rate based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the preset control strategy, and calculating the corresponding adjustment amount for the blast furnace air supply parameter, specifically involves:

[0029] When the oxygen enrichment rate is within the adjustment range allowed by the process, the oxygen enrichment rate is selected as the air supply parameter to be adjusted, and the adjustment amount of the oxygen enrichment rate is calculated by multiplying the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation by a negative fourth proportional coefficient.

[0030] When the oxygen enrichment rate has reached the upper or lower limit of adjustment, but the air volume still has adjustment margin, the air volume is selected as the air supply parameter to be adjusted, and the adjustment amount of the air volume is calculated by multiplying the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation by the negative fifth proportional coefficient.

[0031] When the oxygen enrichment rate and air volume cannot be further adjusted, the dominant abnormal operating system will be updated to the other operating system with the largest absolute value of the system's impact, excluding the current dominant system, and the parameter adjustment amount will be calculated based on the control rules corresponding to that system.

[0032] The fourth proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset oxygen enrichment rate adjustment and the preset pressure difference fluctuation, and the fifth proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset air volume adjustment and the preset pressure difference fluctuation.

[0033] Furthermore, the step of determining the thermal regime parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts based on the deviation and the preset thermal balance control rules specifically involves:

[0034] When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature and the standard center temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold, the coke load is selected as the thermal regime parameter to be adjusted, and the temperature deviation is multiplied by the negative first thermal regulation proportional constant to obtain the adjustment amount of the coke load.

[0035] When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature and the standard center temperature is greater than the first threshold, the net coke addition amount is selected as the heat regime parameter to be adjusted, and the temperature deviation amount is multiplied by the negative second heat regulation ratio constant to obtain the adjustment amount of the net coke addition amount.

[0036] Wherein, the first heat adjustment ratio constant is the ratio of the coke load adjustment amount to the unit temperature deviation, and the second heat adjustment ratio constant is the ratio of the net coke addition amount to the unit temperature deviation.

[0037] Furthermore, the determination of the slag-forming parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts based on the deviation and the preset slag system control strategy specifically involves:

[0038] When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero, reduce the flux ratio;

[0039] When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero and the slag fluidity is lower than the preset lower limit, the amount of MgO regulator added is increased;

[0040] When the slag basicity deviation is less than zero, the flux ratio is increased;

[0041] The adjustment amount of flux ratio is obtained by multiplying the slag basicity deviation by a negative first slag-forming ratio constant, and the adjustment amount of MgO regulator addition is obtained by multiplying the slag basicity deviation by a second slag-forming ratio constant.

[0042] The first slag-forming ratio constant is a positive value, representing the ratio of flux ratio adjustment amount to unit slag basicity deviation. The second slag-forming ratio constant is the ratio of MgO regulator addition amount to unit slag basicity deviation.

[0043] Furthermore, under a Level II warning, the adjustment amount of the determined parameter to be adjusted is limited to the corresponding first preset safety adjustment range; under a Level I warning, the adjustment amount of the determined parameter to be adjusted is limited to the corresponding second preset safety adjustment range; wherein, the amplitude of the first preset safety adjustment range is smaller than the amplitude of the second preset safety adjustment range.

[0044] Furthermore, for each blast furnace operating parameter in each operating system, the influence coefficient on the blast furnace pressure difference is preset, specifically as follows:

[0045] For each blast furnace operating parameter, a positive fluctuation influence coefficient and a negative fluctuation influence coefficient are set; the positive fluctuation influence coefficient represents the change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit increase in the parameter; the negative fluctuation influence coefficient represents the change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit decrease in the parameter.

[0046] When the actual fluctuation is positive, the positive fluctuation influence coefficient is used; when the actual fluctuation is negative, the negative fluctuation influence coefficient is used.

[0047] The method for obtaining the fluctuation impact coefficient is as follows:

[0048] Acquire historical operating data of the blast furnace, including the actual values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter collected synchronously and their corresponding blast furnace pressure difference;

[0049] Based on the standard setting values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter, data with actual values ​​higher than the standard setting values ​​are classified as positive fluctuation data, and data with actual values ​​lower than the standard setting values ​​are classified as negative fluctuation data.

[0050] Based on the positive fluctuation data, the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit of positive fluctuation of this parameter is calculated through regression analysis or mechanism model, and used as the positive fluctuation influence coefficient.

[0051] Based on the negative fluctuation data, the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit of negative fluctuation of this parameter is calculated through regression analysis or mechanism model, and used as the negative fluctuation influence coefficient.

[0052] The unit quantity is the preset unit adjustment amount of the blast furnace operating parameters.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0054] (1) This invention classifies blast furnace operating parameters according to raw material system, charging system, air supply system, heat system and slag formation system, and combines the influence coefficient of each parameter on the blast furnace pressure difference and the system weight to construct a comprehensive influence quantity; at the same time, it acquires the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the temperature difference between the center and the edge in real time, and determines whether early warning control is needed based on whether the comprehensive influence quantity, the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceed their respective preset thresholds. If so, it determines the early warning level, identifies the dominant abnormal operating system based on the influence quantity of each system, calculates the corresponding parameter adjustment amount according to the influence quantity of the system, and performs control according to the adjustment range limited by the early warning level. In this way, early and quantitative identification of furnace condition abnormalities is achieved, avoiding passive intervention based on a single indicator or post-event phenomenon.

[0055] (2) The present invention adopts a graded early warning mechanism. Based on the comprehensive impact, the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge, it distinguishes between the first-level and second-level early warning levels, so that the control response matches the severity of the anomaly, avoiding unreasonable operations of "small disturbance, large adjustment" or "large anomaly, small intervention".

[0056] (3) When the loading system is abnormal, the present invention automatically selects the fabric angle or material line height as the adjustment object based on the direction (edge ​​heat or center heat) and absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge. The adjustment amount is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference with the corresponding proportional coefficient, thereby realizing the directional and quantitative correction of the airflow distribution imbalance and solving the problem that the adjustment of fabric parameters depends on trial and error and lacks quantitative basis.

[0057] (4) When the dominant blast system is abnormal, the present invention prioritizes the use of oxygen enrichment rate for regulation; only when the oxygen enrichment rate has reached the process adjustment limit and the air volume still has a margin, the air volume is adjusted; if neither can be adjusted, the secondary dominant system is switched to. Each adjustment only acts on one blast parameter, and the adjustment amount is calculated based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the corresponding negative proportional coefficient to ensure that the direction is correct and the amplitude is controlled, effectively suppressing the pressure difference abnormality.

[0058] (5) In response to abnormal thermal regime, this invention intelligently switches the coke load or net coke addition amount as a control method based on the absolute value of the center temperature deviation. The adjustment amount is generated by multiplying the temperature deviation amount with the negative thermal regulation ratio constant, thereby realizing the graded response of thermal state fine adjustment and strong intervention, and improving the accuracy and timeliness of furnace hearth thermal balance control.

[0059] (6) When the slag-making process is abnormal, the present invention automatically determines the flux ratio increase or decrease based on the positive or negative value of the slag basicity deviation, and adds MgO regulator when the basicity is too high and the fluidity is insufficient. The adjustment amount is calculated by the deviation amount and the corresponding proportional coefficient, thereby achieving synergistic optimization of slag composition and fluidity, and avoiding hearth accumulation or poor slag-iron separation caused by uncontrolled basicity.

[0060] (7) The present invention implements differentiated amplitude limits on parameter adjustment based on the warning level. Under the second-level warning, a smaller safe adjustment range is adopted to maintain stability, while under the first-level warning, a larger adjustment range is allowed to quickly correct the deviation. This balances the safety and effectiveness of regulation and prevents excessive adjustment from causing secondary fluctuations.

[0061] (8) The present invention sets positive and negative fluctuation influence coefficients for each operating parameter and calibrates them through regression or mechanism model based on historical operating data, so that the calculation of the institutional influence is more in line with the nonlinear response characteristics of the blast furnace, significantly improving the accuracy of pressure difference influence assessment and laying a reliable foundation for subsequent identification of dominant systems. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on an operating system, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0064] To overcome the problems of existing blast furnace operation relying on experience, lagging control, and lack of quantitative basis, such as Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a quantitative control method for the sequential operation of a blast furnace based on operating procedures, comprising:

[0065] S1: Classify the blast furnace operating parameters according to their respective operating systems; the operating systems include raw material system, charging system, air supply system, heating system, and slag formation system;

[0066] The blast furnace operating parameters of the raw material system include: coke load, coke ash content, coke strength, ore grade, and ore particle size.

[0067] The blast furnace operating parameters for the charging system include: charging angle, charge line height, batch weight, and number of charging rings; the blast furnace operating parameters for the blast system include: blast volume, blast temperature, oxygen enrichment rate, and blast humidity.

[0068] The blast furnace operating parameters of the thermal regime include: theoretical combustion temperature, hearth thermal state index, and fuel ratio; the blast furnace operating parameters of the slag-forming regime include: slag basicity, flux ratio, MgO content, and Al2O3 / SiO2 ratio.

[0069] S2: For each blast furnace operating parameter in each operating system, preset its influence coefficient on the blast furnace pressure difference, and assign a corresponding system weight to each operating system, the sum of the system weights being 1;

[0070] In this embodiment, the weight of the system corresponding to the raw material system is 30% to 40%, the weight of the system corresponding to the air supply system is 25% to 35%, the weight of the system corresponding to the charging system is 20% to 30%, and the combined weight of the system of the heat system and the slag-forming system is 5% to 15%. The sum of all system weights is 1.

[0071] For each blast furnace operating parameter in each operating system, the influence coefficient on the blast furnace pressure difference is preset as follows:

[0072] For each blast furnace operating parameter, a positive fluctuation influence coefficient and a negative fluctuation influence coefficient are set; the positive fluctuation influence coefficient represents the change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit increase in the parameter; the negative fluctuation influence coefficient represents the change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit decrease in the parameter.

[0073] When the actual fluctuation is positive, the positive fluctuation influence coefficient is used; when the actual fluctuation is negative, the negative fluctuation influence coefficient is used.

[0074] In this embodiment, different fluctuation directions of the blast furnace operating parameters are quantified using corresponding fluctuation influence coefficients: when the actual value of a parameter is higher than its standard setpoint, the fluctuation is positive, and a positive fluctuation influence coefficient based on positive fluctuation data is used; when the actual value of a parameter is lower than its standard setpoint, the fluctuation is negative, and a negative fluctuation influence coefficient based on negative fluctuation data is used. This distinction takes into account the asymmetry of the blast furnace system's response to parameter increases and decreases, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the institutional influence.

[0075] This invention sets positive and negative fluctuation influence coefficients for each operating parameter and calibrates them through regression or mechanistic models based on historical operating data. This makes the calculation of the institutional influence more consistent with the nonlinear response characteristics of the blast furnace, significantly improving the accuracy of pressure difference influence assessment and laying a reliable foundation for subsequent identification of dominant systems.

[0076] The method for obtaining the fluctuation impact coefficient is as follows:

[0077] Acquire historical operating data of the blast furnace, including the actual values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter collected synchronously and their corresponding blast furnace pressure difference;

[0078] Based on the standard setting values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter, data with actual values ​​higher than the standard setting values ​​are classified as positive fluctuation data, and data with actual values ​​lower than the standard setting values ​​are classified as negative fluctuation data.

[0079] Based on the positive fluctuation data, the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit of positive fluctuation of this parameter is calculated through regression analysis or mechanism model, and used as the positive fluctuation influence coefficient.

[0080] Based on the negative fluctuation data, the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit of negative fluctuation of this parameter is calculated through regression analysis or mechanism model, and used as the negative fluctuation influence coefficient.

[0081] The unit quantity is the preset unit adjustment amount of the blast furnace operating parameters.

[0082] By analyzing historical blast furnace operating data, the fluctuation influence coefficient of each parameter can be determined (i.e., the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit fluctuation). Typical values ​​are as follows: the influence coefficient of blast volume is 0.03–0.05 kPa / (m³). 3 / min), that is, for every 100m increase 3 With a blast volume of / min, the average pressure difference increases by 3–5 kPa; the influence coefficient of the material distribution angle is 1–2 kPa / °, meaning that for every 1° inward shift, the average pressure difference increases by 1–2 kPa. These coefficients were obtained from historical blast furnace operating data through regression analysis or mechanistic models.

[0083] S3: Real-time acquisition of actual values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter, calculation of the fluctuation of each parameter relative to the standard value, and calculation of the influence quantity corresponding to each operating system in combination with the influence coefficient, to obtain the influence quantity of each system; then, according to the influence quantity of each system and its corresponding system weight, weighted summation to obtain the comprehensive influence quantity; at the same time, acquisition of the current operating status data of the blast furnace, the operating status data including the blast furnace pressure difference and the temperature difference between the center and the edge, wherein the blast furnace pressure difference is the difference between the pressure in front of the blast furnace hearth tuyeres and the pressure at the top of the furnace, and the temperature difference between the center and the edge is the difference between the average temperatures of the blast furnace center area and the edge area measured by the cross temperature measuring device at the furnace throat;

[0084] In this embodiment, the method for calculating the comprehensive impact is as follows: First, for each blast furnace operating parameter, the difference between its actual value and the standard value is taken as the fluctuation of the parameter; then, the fluctuation is multiplied by the predetermined corresponding fluctuation impact coefficient to obtain the impact of the parameter on the blast furnace pressure difference; next, the impact of all parameters belonging to the same operating system is algebraically superimposed to obtain the system impact of the operating system; finally, the system impact of each operating system is multiplied by its corresponding system weight, and all product results are added together to obtain the comprehensive impact.

[0085] S4: Based on the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, and whether the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, determine whether early warning control is required; if so, determine the early warning level, identify the dominant abnormal operating system based on the impact of each system, calculate the corresponding parameter adjustment amount based on the impact of the system, and execute control according to the adjustment range limited by the early warning level; the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is the difference between the blast furnace pressure difference and the preset standard pressure difference.

[0086] The determination of whether early warning control is needed is based on whether the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, and center-edge temperature difference exceed the corresponding preset thresholds; if so, the early warning level is determined; specifically including:

[0087] When the comprehensive impact or the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is within the first preset range, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge is within the second preset range, it is determined to be a level two warning.

[0088] When the overall impact or the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation exceeds the first preset value, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceeds the second preset value, it is determined to be a Level 1 warning.

[0089] Wherein, the upper limit of the first preset range is equal to the first preset value; the upper limit of the second preset range is equal to the second preset value.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first preset range is [3, 5 kPa], the second preset range is [50, 80°C], the first preset value is 5 kPa, and the second preset value is 80°C.

[0091] This invention adopts a graded early warning mechanism, which distinguishes between first-level and second-level early warning levels based on whether the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge falls into different preset ranges or exceeds preset values. This ensures that the control response matches the severity of the anomaly, avoiding unreasonable operations such as "small disturbance, large adjustment" or "large anomaly, small intervention".

[0092] In this embodiment, the dominant abnormal operation system refers to the operation system that contributes the most to the current furnace condition abnormality. Specifically, firstly, the absolute value of the system influence quantity corresponding to each operation system is calculated and sorted from largest to smallest; if multiple systems have the same absolute value of influence quantity or the difference does not exceed a preset tolerance (e.g., 10%), then the system with faster control response or greater process adjustment margin is selected as the dominant abnormal system; when the dominant system cannot be adjusted, the system with the largest absolute value of influence quantity (i.e., the next one in the original sorting) is selected from the remaining systems as the new dominant abnormal system.

[0093] The operational system for identifying dominant anomalies based on the impact of each system, and the corresponding parameter adjustment amount calculated according to the impact of the system, are as follows:

[0094] If the dominant abnormal operating system is a raw material system, then the system impact of the system is converted into an equivalent fuel ratio change, and the coke load adjustment is calculated by multiplying the equivalent fuel ratio change by a negative first proportional coefficient; the first proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset coke load adjustment and the preset fuel ratio change.

[0095] In this embodiment, every 5 kg / t fuel ratio affects the corresponding adjustment of 0.1 coke load, that is, the first proportional coefficient is 0.02 (load unit / (kg / t)). Therefore, assuming the equivalent fuel ratio change is +3.625 kg / t, the adjustment of coke load is 3.625 × (-0.02) ≈ -0.0725, that is, a load reduction of 0.07 to offset the increase in heat load caused by the increase in equivalent fuel ratio.

[0096] It should be noted that the coke load refers to the mass of coke added per ton of ore fed into the furnace (unit: t / t), which is one of the core control measures of the blast furnace thermal regime. In actual operation, the coke load can be directly set or modified by adjusting the batch ratio of coke to ore in the charging system, which is an operational parameter that can be intervened in real time.

[0097] Blast furnace smelting is a continuous process. Although the coke load cannot change the structure of the burden already in the furnace, the coke-ore ratio of subsequent batches can be modified by adjusting the charging system in real time, thereby achieving proactive control of the furnace's thermal state. Therefore, in this invention, the coke load is considered a directly adjustable operating parameter. Its adjustment effect is usually reflected in changes in furnace temperature and fuel ratio after 2 to 4 hours (corresponding to the time it takes for the burden to descend to the hearth), which conforms to the forward control logic of blast furnace pre-intervention and dynamic matching.

[0098] If the dominant abnormal operation system is the loading system, then based on the temperature difference between the center and the edge and the preset control rules, the fabric parameters to be adjusted are determined from the fabric angle and the material line height, and the adjustment amount corresponding to the fabric parameters is calculated.

[0099] When the loading system is abnormal, this invention automatically selects the fabric angle or material line height as the adjustment target based on the direction (edge ​​heat or center heat) and absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge. The adjustment amount is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference by the corresponding proportional coefficient, thereby realizing the directional and quantitative correction of airflow distribution imbalance and solving the problem that the adjustment of fabric parameters depends on trial and error and lacks quantitative basis.

[0100] Based on the temperature difference between the center and the edge and a preset control rule, the fabric parameters to be adjusted are determined from the fabric angle and the fabric line height, and the corresponding adjustment amount is calculated; specifically:

[0101] When the average temperature of the edge region is higher than the average temperature of the center region and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the first temperature difference threshold, the fabric angle is selected as the adjustment object, and the adjustment amount of the fabric angle is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference between the center and the edge by the second proportional coefficient.

[0102] When the average temperature of the central region is higher than the average temperature of the edge region and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the second temperature difference threshold, the material line height is selected as the adjustment target, and the adjustment amount of the material line height is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference between the center and the edge by the third proportional coefficient.

[0103] Wherein, the second proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset fabric angle adjustment amount and the preset unit temperature difference, and the third proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset material line height adjustment amount and the preset unit temperature difference.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first temperature difference threshold is set to 50°C and the second temperature difference threshold is set to 60°C.

[0105] When the average temperature of the edge area is higher than that of the center area (i.e., the temperature difference between the center and the edge is <0), and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the first temperature difference threshold (50℃), the fabric angle is selected as the adjustment object. The adjustment amount of the fabric angle = the temperature difference between the center and the edge × the second proportional coefficient; for example, if the average temperature of the center area is 180℃ and the average temperature of the edge area is 240℃, then the temperature difference = 180-240 = -60℃, |-60| = 60℃ > 50℃, which meets the control conditions; take the second proportional coefficient as 0.025° / ℃, then the fabric angle adjustment amount = (-60) × 0.025 = -1.5°, that is, shift inward by 1.5°.

[0106] When the average temperature of the central area is higher than that of the edge area (i.e., the temperature difference between the center and the edge > 0), and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the second temperature difference threshold (60℃), the material line height is selected as the adjustment target. The adjustment amount of the material line height = the temperature difference between the center and the edge × the third proportional coefficient. For example, if the average temperature of the central area is 250℃ and the average temperature of the edge area is 170℃, then the temperature difference = 250 - 170 = +80℃, |80| = 80℃ > 60℃, which meets the control conditions. Taking the third proportional coefficient as 0.003m / ℃, the adjustment amount of the material line height = 80 × 0.003 = +0.24m, that is, raising the material line by 0.24 meters.

[0107] In this embodiment, the obtained adjustment amount needs to be limited according to the preset safe adjustment range corresponding to the current warning level: if the adjustment amount is lower than the lower limit of the range, the lower limit is taken; if it is higher than the upper limit, the upper limit is taken. For example, under a level 2 warning, the safe adjustment range of the fabric angle is [-1.0°, +1.0°], then the above-mentioned theoretical adjustment amount of -1.5° will be limited to -1.0°.

[0108] If the dominant abnormal operation system is the air supply system, then based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the preset control strategy, the air supply parameter to be adjusted is determined from the air volume and oxygen enrichment rate, and the adjustment amount corresponding to the air supply parameter is calculated.

[0109] When the dominant blast furnace blasting system is abnormal, this invention prioritizes oxygen enrichment rate for regulation; only when the oxygen enrichment rate has reached the process adjustment limit but the blast volume still has a margin is the blast volume adjusted; if neither can be adjusted, the secondary dominant system is switched to. Each adjustment applies only to one blast furnace blasting parameter, and the adjustment amount is calculated based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the corresponding negative proportionality coefficient, ensuring correct direction and controlled amplitude, effectively suppressing pressure difference abnormalities.

[0110] Based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the preset control strategy, the air supply parameter to be adjusted is determined from the air volume and oxygen enrichment rate, and the corresponding adjustment amount is calculated, specifically as follows:

[0111] When the oxygen enrichment rate is within the adjustment range allowed by the process, the oxygen enrichment rate is selected as the air supply parameter to be adjusted, and the adjustment amount of the oxygen enrichment rate is calculated by multiplying the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation by a negative fourth proportional coefficient.

[0112] When the oxygen enrichment rate has reached the upper or lower limit of adjustment, but the air volume still has adjustment margin, the air volume is selected as the air supply parameter to be adjusted, and the adjustment amount of the air volume is calculated by multiplying the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation by the negative fifth proportional coefficient.

[0113] When the oxygen enrichment rate and air volume cannot be further adjusted, the dominant abnormal operating system will be updated to the other operating system with the largest absolute value of the system's impact, excluding the current dominant system, and the parameter adjustment amount will be calculated based on the control rules corresponding to that system.

[0114] The fourth proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset oxygen enrichment rate adjustment and the preset pressure difference fluctuation, and the fifth proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset air volume adjustment and the preset pressure difference fluctuation.

[0115] In this embodiment, the fourth proportionality coefficient is 0.1% / kPa, and the fifth proportionality coefficient is 15 (m 3 / min) / kPa.

[0116] When the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is greater than 0 (i.e., the pressure difference is too high) and the oxygen enrichment rate is within the process's allowable adjustment range (e.g., the current oxygen enrichment rate is 2.5%, and the lower limit of adjustment is 1.8%), then the oxygen enrichment rate is selected as the parameter to be adjusted, and its adjustment amount = blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation × (-fourth proportional coefficient); for example, if the pressure difference fluctuation is +4 kPa, then the oxygen enrichment rate adjustment amount = 4 × (-0.1) = -0.4%, that is, the oxygen enrichment rate is reduced by 0.4%, which is still within the process's allowable range, and is therefore implemented.

[0117] If the pressure difference fluctuation is +8 kPa, then the theoretical oxygen enrichment rate adjustment is 8 × (-0.1) = -0.8%. However, if the current oxygen enrichment rate is already 2.0%, a 0.8% reduction would be below the process lower limit (e.g., 1.8%), indicating that the oxygen enrichment rate has reached its adjustment limit. Instead, the air volume is chosen as the adjustment target, and its adjustment amount is = blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation × (-fifth proportional coefficient) = 8 × (-15) = -120 m³ / s. 3 / min; if the current air volume is 4800m³ / min; 3 / min, the process allows for a reduction to 4650m 3 / min (margin 150m) 3 / min), then -120m 3 If the / min value is within the adjustable range, it will be executed.

[0118] If there is no adjustment margin for air volume, the dominant abnormality system will be updated to the secondary impact system, and regulation will be carried out according to its rules.

[0119] When the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is less than 0 (i.e., the pressure difference is too low) and the oxygen enrichment rate is within the process's allowable adjustment range (e.g., the current oxygen enrichment rate is 3.5%, and the adjustment limit is 4.0%), then the oxygen enrichment rate is selected as the parameter to be adjusted, and its adjustment amount = blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation × (-fourth proportional coefficient); for example, if the pressure difference fluctuation is -3 kPa, then the oxygen enrichment rate adjustment amount = (-3) × (-0.1) = +0.3%, that is, the oxygen enrichment rate is increased by 0.3%, which is still within the process's allowable range, and is implemented.

[0120] If the pressure difference fluctuation is -6 kPa, the theoretical oxygen enrichment rate adjustment is (-6) × (-0.1) = +0.6%. However, if the current oxygen enrichment rate has reached 3.8%, an increase of 0.6% would exceed the process upper limit (e.g., 4.0%). Therefore, the oxygen enrichment rate is determined to have reached the adjustment limit, and the air volume is selected as the adjustment target instead. The adjustment amount is (-6) × (-15) = +90 m³ / s. 3 / min; if the current air volume is 4700m³ / min; 3 / min, the process allows for an increase to 4850m 3 / min (margin 150m) 3 / min), then +90m 3 / min is executable.

[0121] This invention addresses abnormal thermal regimes by intelligently switching coke load or net coke addition based on the absolute value of the center temperature deviation. The adjustment amount is generated by multiplying the temperature deviation by a negative thermal regulation ratio constant, achieving a graded response of fine-tuning and strong intervention in thermal state, thus improving the accuracy and timeliness of furnace hearth thermal balance control.

[0122] If the dominant abnormal operating regime is a thermal regime, then the deviation between the average temperature of the central region and the standard central temperature is obtained, and based on the deviation and the preset thermal balance control rules, the thermal regime parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined.

[0123] The determination of the thermal regime parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts based on the deviation and the preset thermal balance control rules is as follows:

[0124] When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature and the standard center temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold, the coke load is selected as the thermal regime parameter to be adjusted, and the temperature deviation is multiplied by the negative first thermal regulation proportional constant to obtain the adjustment amount of the coke load.

[0125] When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature and the standard center temperature is greater than the first threshold, the net coke addition amount is selected as the heat regime parameter to be adjusted, and the temperature deviation amount is multiplied by the negative second heat regulation ratio constant to obtain the adjustment amount of the net coke addition amount.

[0126] Wherein, the first heat adjustment ratio constant is the ratio of the coke load adjustment amount to the unit temperature deviation, and the second heat adjustment ratio constant is the ratio of the net coke addition amount to the unit temperature deviation.

[0127] In this embodiment, the first threshold is set to 25°C.

[0128] When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature of the central area and the standard central temperature (defined as the difference between the measured central temperature and the standard central temperature) is ≤25℃, the coke load is selected as the adjustment parameter, and the adjustment amount = deviation × (-first heat adjustment ratio constant); for example, if the standard central temperature is 220℃ and the measured temperature is 245℃, then the deviation = +25℃. Taking the first heat adjustment ratio constant as 0.0008 load / ℃, the coke load adjustment amount = 25 × (-0.0008) = -0.02, that is, the load is reduced by 0.02 to suppress the furnace temperature from being too high.

[0129] When the absolute value of the deviation is >25℃, the amount of coke added is selected as the adjustment parameter, and the adjustment amount = deviation × (-second heat adjustment ratio constant); for example, if the measured center temperature is 260℃, the deviation is +40℃, and the second heat adjustment ratio constant is 0.8kg / (t·℃), then the amount of coke added = 40×(-0.8) = -32kg / t, that is, reduce the amount of coke by 32kg / t (because the furnace temperature is too high and needs to be lowered); if the deviation is -35℃ (the furnace temperature is too low), then the amount of coke added = (-35)×(-0.8) = +28kg / t, that is, add coke to raise the temperature.

[0130] If the dominant abnormal operation system is a slag-forming system, the deviation between the slag basicity and the target slag basicity is obtained, and based on the deviation and the preset slag system control strategy, the slag-forming parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined.

[0131] When the slag-forming process is abnormal, this invention automatically determines the increase or decrease of flux ratio based on the positive or negative value of the slag basicity deviation. When the basicity is too high and the fluidity is insufficient, MgO regulator is added in conjunction. The adjustment amount is calculated by the deviation and the corresponding proportional coefficient, thereby achieving synergistic optimization of slag composition and fluidity, and avoiding hearth accumulation or poor slag-iron separation caused by uncontrolled basicity.

[0132] Based on the deviation and the preset slag system control strategy, the slag-forming parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined, specifically as follows:

[0133] When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero, reduce the flux ratio;

[0134] When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero and the slag fluidity is lower than the preset lower limit, the amount of MgO regulator added is increased;

[0135] When the slag basicity deviation is less than zero, the flux ratio is increased;

[0136] The adjustment amount of flux ratio is obtained by multiplying the slag basicity deviation by a negative first slag-forming ratio constant, and the adjustment amount of MgO regulator addition is obtained by multiplying the slag basicity deviation by a second slag-forming ratio constant.

[0137] The first slag-forming ratio constant is a positive value, representing the ratio of flux ratio adjustment amount to unit slag basicity deviation. The second slag-forming ratio constant is the ratio of MgO regulator addition amount to unit slag basicity deviation.

[0138] In this embodiment, the first slag-forming ratio constant is 8% / unit alkalinity, and the second slag-forming ratio constant is 20kg / (t·unit alkalinity).

[0139] When the slag basicity deviation (defined as actual slag basicity - target slag basicity) is greater than zero, the flux ratio adjustment amount = deviation amount × (-first slag forming ratio constant); for example, if the target basicity is 1.10 and the actual measurement is 1.20, the deviation amount = +0.10, then the flux ratio adjustment amount = 0.10 × (-8) = -0.8%, that is, reduce the flux ratio by 0.8%.

[0140] When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero and the slag fluidity (such as viscosity or slag temperature) is lower than the preset lower limit, the amount of MgO regulator added is calculated as: deviation amount × second slag forming ratio constant. For example, under the above deviation amount +0.10, the amount of MgO added is 0.10 × 20 = +2.0 kg / t, that is, 2.0 kg of MgO regulator is added per ton of molten iron to improve fluidity.

[0141] When the slag basicity deviation is less than zero (e.g., actual measurement 1.00, target 1.10, deviation = -0.10), the flux ratio adjustment is (-0.10) × (-8) = +0.8%, that is, the flux ratio is increased by 0.8%.

[0142] In this embodiment, the flux ratio refers to the mass percentage of basic flux (such as limestone or dolomite) added during the blast furnace smelting process relative to the total amount of ore fed into the furnace, and is used to regulate the slag basicity; when the slag basicity deviates from the target value, the closed-loop control of the slag-forming system can be achieved by adjusting this ratio.

[0143] Under a Level 2 warning, the adjustment amount of the determined parameter to be adjusted is limited to the corresponding first preset safety adjustment range; under a Level 1 warning, the adjustment amount of the determined parameter to be adjusted is limited to the corresponding second preset safety adjustment range; wherein, the amplitude of the first preset safety adjustment range is smaller than the amplitude of the second preset safety adjustment range.

[0144] This invention implements differentiated amplitude limits on parameter adjustment based on the warning level. Under a level 2 warning, a smaller safe adjustment range is used to maintain stability, while under a level 1 warning, a larger adjustment range is allowed for rapid correction. This balances the safety and effectiveness of regulation and prevents excessive adjustment from causing secondary fluctuations.

[0145] In this embodiment, the preset safety adjustment ranges for each operating parameter under different warning levels are as follows:

[0146] Fabric angle:

[0147] The warning level for Level II is [-0.5°, +0.5°], and the warning level for Level I is [-1.5°, +1.5°].

[0148] Material line height:

[0149] The range for a Level II warning is [-0.2m, +0.2m], and the range for a Level I warning is [-0.5m, +0.5m].

[0150] Oxygen enrichment rate:

[0151] The threshold for a Level II alert is [-0.3%, +0.3%], and the threshold for a Level I alert is [-0.5%, +0.5%].

[0152] Air volume:

[0153] Under a Level II warning, the value is [-50m]. 3 / min, +50m 3 / min], under Level 1 warning, it is [-100m] 3 / min,+100m 3 / min];

[0154] Coke load:

[0155] The threshold for a Level II alert is [-0.05, +0.05], and the threshold for a Level I alert is [-0.10, +0.10].

[0156] Net coke addition amount: only activated under Level 1 warning, with an adjustment range of [-30kg / t, +30kg / t];

[0157] Flux ratio:

[0158] The threshold for a Level II alert is [-0.5%, +0.5%], and the threshold for a Level I alert is [-1.0%, +1.0%].

[0159] MgO regulator addition amount: only activated when there is a level 1 warning and insufficient flowability, with an adjustment range of [0, +3.0 kg / t] (one-way increase).

[0160] This invention categorizes blast furnace operating parameters according to raw material and fuel regimes, charging regimes, blast regimes, heating regimes, and slagging regimes, and constructs a comprehensive influence quantity by combining the influence coefficients of each parameter on the blast furnace differential pressure and the regime weights. Simultaneously, it acquires the blast furnace differential pressure fluctuation and the temperature difference between the center and the edge in real time, and determines whether early warning and control are needed based on whether the comprehensive influence quantity, the blast furnace differential pressure fluctuation, and the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceed their respective preset thresholds. If so, it determines the warning level, identifies the dominant abnormal operating regime based on the influence quantity of each regime, calculates the corresponding parameter adjustment amount according to the influence quantity of the regime, and executes control according to the adjustment range limited by the warning level. In this way, early and quantitative identification of blast furnace abnormalities is achieved, avoiding passive intervention based on a single indicator or post-event phenomena.

[0161] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0162] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving terms such as "first," "second," and "a" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0163] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0164] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A quantitative control method for the smooth operation of a blast furnace based on an operating system, characterized in that, include: S1: Classify the blast furnace operating parameters according to their respective operating systems; the operating systems include raw material system, charging system, air supply system, heating system, and slag formation system; S2: For each blast furnace operating parameter in each operating system, preset its influence coefficient on the blast furnace pressure difference, and assign a corresponding system weight to each operating system, the sum of the system weights being 1; S3: Real-time acquisition of actual values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter, calculation of the fluctuation of each parameter relative to the standard value, and calculation of the influence quantity corresponding to each operating system in combination with the influence coefficient, to obtain the influence quantity of each system; then, according to the influence quantity of each system and its corresponding system weight, weighted summation to obtain the comprehensive influence quantity; at the same time, acquisition of the current operating status data of the blast furnace, the operating status data including the blast furnace pressure difference and the temperature difference between the center and the edge, wherein the blast furnace pressure difference is the difference between the pressure in front of the blast furnace hearth tuyeres and the pressure at the top of the furnace, and the temperature difference between the center and the edge is the difference between the average temperatures of the blast furnace center area and the edge area measured by the cross temperature measuring device at the furnace throat; S4: Determine whether early warning and control are needed based on the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, and temperature difference between the center and the edge, as well as whether they exceed the corresponding preset thresholds. If necessary, the warning level is determined, and the dominant abnormal operating system is identified based on the impact of each system. The corresponding parameter adjustment amount is calculated according to the impact of the system, and the control is performed according to the adjustment range limited by the warning level. The blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is the difference between the blast furnace pressure difference and the preset standard pressure difference.

2. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system determines whether early warning and control are needed based on whether the comprehensive impact, blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation, and temperature difference between the center and the edge exceed the corresponding preset threshold. If necessary, a warning level will be determined; specifically including: When the comprehensive impact or the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation is within the first preset range, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge is within the second preset range, it is determined to be a level two warning. When the overall impact or the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation exceeds the first preset value, or the temperature difference between the center and the edge exceeds the second preset value, it is determined to be a Level 1 warning. Wherein, the upper limit of the first preset range is equal to the first preset value; the upper limit of the second preset range is equal to the second preset value.

3. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blast furnace operating parameters of the raw material system include: coke load, coke ash content, coke strength, ore grade, and ore particle size. The blast furnace operating parameters for the charging system include: charging angle, charge line height, batch weight, and number of charging rings; the blast furnace operating parameters for the blast system include: blast volume, blast temperature, oxygen enrichment rate, and blast humidity. The blast furnace operating parameters of the thermal regime include: theoretical combustion temperature, hearth thermal state index, and fuel ratio; the blast furnace operating parameters of the slag-forming regime include: slag basicity, flux ratio, MgO content, and Al2O3 / SiO2 ratio.

4. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 3, characterized in that, The operational system for identifying dominant anomalies based on the impact of each system, and the corresponding parameter adjustment amount calculated according to the impact of the system, are as follows: If the dominant abnormal operating system is a raw material system, then the system impact of the system is converted into an equivalent fuel ratio change, and the coke load adjustment is calculated by multiplying the equivalent fuel ratio change by a negative first proportional coefficient; the first proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset coke load adjustment and the preset fuel ratio change. If the dominant abnormal operation system is the loading system, then based on the temperature difference between the center and the edge and the preset control rules, the fabric parameters to be adjusted are determined from the fabric angle and the material line height, and the adjustment amount corresponding to the fabric parameters is calculated. If the dominant abnormal operation system is the air supply system, then based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the preset control strategy, the air supply parameter to be adjusted is determined from the air volume and oxygen enrichment rate, and the adjustment amount corresponding to the air supply parameter is calculated. If the dominant abnormal operating regime is a thermal regime, then the deviation between the average temperature of the central region and the standard central temperature is obtained, and based on the deviation and the preset thermal balance control rules, the thermal regime parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined. If the dominant abnormal operation system is a slag-forming system, the deviation between the slag basicity and the target slag basicity is obtained, and based on the deviation and the preset slag system control strategy, the slag-forming parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined.

5. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the temperature difference between the center and the edge and a preset control rule, the fabric parameters to be adjusted are determined from the fabric angle and the fabric line height, and the corresponding adjustment amount is calculated; specifically: When the average temperature of the edge region is higher than the average temperature of the center region and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the first temperature difference threshold, the fabric angle is selected as the adjustment object, and the adjustment amount of the fabric angle is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference between the center and the edge by the second proportional coefficient. When the average temperature of the central region is higher than the average temperature of the edge region and the absolute value of the temperature difference between the center and the edge is greater than the second temperature difference threshold, the material line height is selected as the adjustment target, and the adjustment amount of the material line height is calculated by multiplying the temperature difference between the center and the edge by the third proportional coefficient. Wherein, the second proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset fabric angle adjustment amount and the preset unit temperature difference, and the third proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset material line height adjustment amount and the preset unit temperature difference.

6. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation and the preset control strategy, the air supply parameter to be adjusted is determined from the air volume and oxygen enrichment rate, and the corresponding adjustment amount is calculated, specifically as follows: When the oxygen enrichment rate is within the adjustment range allowed by the process, the oxygen enrichment rate is selected as the air supply parameter to be adjusted, and the adjustment amount of the oxygen enrichment rate is calculated by multiplying the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation by a negative fourth proportional coefficient. When the oxygen enrichment rate has reached the upper or lower limit of adjustment, but the air volume still has adjustment margin, the air volume is selected as the air supply parameter to be adjusted, and the adjustment amount of the air volume is calculated by multiplying the blast furnace pressure difference fluctuation by the negative fifth proportional coefficient. When the oxygen enrichment rate and air volume cannot be further adjusted, the dominant abnormal operating system will be updated to the other operating system with the largest absolute value of the system's impact, excluding the current dominant system, and the parameter adjustment amount will be calculated based on the control rules corresponding to that system. The fourth proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset oxygen enrichment rate adjustment and the preset pressure difference fluctuation, and the fifth proportional coefficient is a proportional constant between the preset air volume adjustment and the preset pressure difference fluctuation.

7. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the thermal regime parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts based on the deviation and the preset thermal balance control rules is as follows: When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature and the standard center temperature is less than or equal to the first threshold, the coke load is selected as the thermal regime parameter to be adjusted, and the temperature deviation is multiplied by the negative first thermal regulation proportional constant to obtain the adjustment amount of the coke load. When the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature and the standard center temperature is greater than the first threshold, the net coke addition amount is selected as the heat regime parameter to be adjusted, and the temperature deviation amount is multiplied by the negative second heat regulation ratio constant to obtain the adjustment amount of the net coke addition amount. Wherein, the first heat adjustment ratio constant is the ratio of the coke load adjustment amount to the unit temperature deviation, and the second heat adjustment ratio constant is the ratio of the net coke addition amount to the unit temperature deviation.

8. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the deviation and the preset slag system control strategy, the slag-forming parameters to be adjusted and their adjustment amounts are determined as follows: When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero, reduce the flux ratio; When the slag basicity deviation is greater than zero and the slag fluidity is lower than the preset lower limit, the amount of MgO regulator added is increased; When the slag basicity deviation is less than zero, the flux ratio is increased; The adjustment amount of flux ratio is obtained by multiplying the slag basicity deviation by a negative first slag-forming ratio constant, and the adjustment amount of MgO regulator addition is obtained by multiplying the slag basicity deviation by a second slag-forming ratio constant. The first slag-forming ratio constant is a positive value, representing the ratio of flux ratio adjustment amount to unit slag basicity deviation. The second slag-forming ratio constant is the ratio of MgO regulator addition amount to unit slag basicity deviation.

9. A quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 8, characterized in that, Under a Level 2 warning, the adjustment amount of the determined parameter to be adjusted is limited to the corresponding first preset safety adjustment range; under a Level 1 warning, the adjustment amount of the determined parameter to be adjusted is limited to the corresponding second preset safety adjustment range; wherein, the amplitude of the first preset safety adjustment range is smaller than the amplitude of the second preset safety adjustment range.

10. The quantitative control method for blast furnace operation based on operating procedures according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each blast furnace operating parameter in each operating system, the influence coefficient on the blast furnace pressure difference is preset as follows: For each blast furnace operating parameter, a positive fluctuation influence coefficient and a negative fluctuation influence coefficient are set; the positive fluctuation influence coefficient represents the change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit increase in the parameter; the negative fluctuation influence coefficient represents the change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit decrease in the parameter. When the actual fluctuation is positive, the positive fluctuation influence coefficient is used; when the actual fluctuation is negative, the negative fluctuation influence coefficient is used. The method for obtaining the fluctuation impact coefficient is as follows: Acquire historical operating data of the blast furnace, including the actual values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter collected synchronously and their corresponding blast furnace pressure difference; Based on the standard setting values ​​of each blast furnace operating parameter, data with actual values ​​higher than the standard setting values ​​are classified as positive fluctuation data, and data with actual values ​​lower than the standard setting values ​​are classified as negative fluctuation data. Based on the positive fluctuation data, the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit of positive fluctuation of this parameter is calculated through regression analysis or mechanism model, and used as the positive fluctuation influence coefficient. Based on the negative fluctuation data, the average change in blast furnace pressure difference caused by each unit of negative fluctuation of this parameter is calculated through regression analysis or mechanism model, and used as the negative fluctuation influence coefficient. The unit quantity is the preset unit adjustment amount of the blast furnace operating parameters.

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