Battery immersion cooling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, in particular to a battery immersion cooling device which comprises a battery box body and a flow guide plate, and a plurality of battery modules are distributed in the battery box body; the flow guide plate is arranged in the battery box body and is used for longitudinally dividing the battery module into at least two layers of cooling flow channels which are communicated with each other, electrodes of the battery module are positioned in the uppermost cooling flow channel, and a guide plate for forming a targeted micro-flow channel is arranged in the uppermost cooling flow channel; on one hand, through the U-shaped targeting micro-channel formed by the guide plate, cooling liquid can be gathered and accelerated, a battery module electrode can be accurately scoured, and targeted efficient heat dissipation of the electrode is achieved; on the other hand, the staggered communication grooves are used for guiding the cooling liquid to flow in the upper and lower runners in a broken line manner, and are matched with the wave-shaped spoiler at the lowest layer to form disturbance, so that the phenomena of low-flow areas of the runners and thermal stratification of the cooling liquid are thoroughly eliminated, and the upper and lower layers of the battery module can be uniformly cooled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery thermal management technology, specifically to a battery immersion cooling device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the application of energy storage batteries and power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. The heat generated during their operation directly affects the battery's performance, lifespan, and safety. Currently, immersion cooling has become one of the most efficient battery thermal management methods due to its advantages such as direct contact between the coolant and the battery and low thermal resistance.

[0003] Traditional battery modules are prone to low-flow areas and heat accumulation zones, leading to localized overheating. The lack of measures for heat dissipation at the battery tabs results in uneven battery module temperatures, with higher temperatures at the tabs contributing to overall uneven internal battery temperatures. To address this issue, Chinese patent CN223378254U describes an immersion thermal management device for energy storage batteries. This device prioritizes cooling the upper layer of the battery module with coolant, while simultaneously providing excellent heat dissipation at the tabs. A flow guide plate then guides the flow to cool the lower layer of the battery module. Furthermore, the design of the flow guide plate's perforations ensures efficient heat exchange in low-flow and heat accumulation zones within the battery module, thereby resolving the problem of uneven battery temperatures.

[0004] However, the cooling channel does not have a targeted heat dissipation structure designed for the electrodes, resulting in limited heat dissipation efficiency for the electrodes. On the other hand, the cooling channel is simply divided into two layers, and the battery module in the lower layer will still form a low flow area, which will lead to thermal stratification of the coolant.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to propose a battery immersion cooling device that enhances electrode heat dissipation through a targeted heat dissipation structure while optimizing the flow channel design to eliminate low flow regions and thermal stratification, thereby further improving the uniformity and effectiveness of battery cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to propose a battery immersion cooling device that specifically addresses the problems of limited electrode heat dissipation efficiency, low flow zone formation in the lower flow channel, and thermal stratification in existing immersion cooling devices, thereby achieving synergy between targeted and efficient electrode heat dissipation and uniform temperature cooling throughout the entire flow channel.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a battery immersion cooling device, comprising: The battery housing contains several battery modules. A flow deflector, located inside the battery housing, is used to divide the battery module longitudinally into at least two interconnected cooling channels. The electrodes of the battery module are located in the uppermost cooling channel, which guides the flow of coolant within the battery housing. The battery housing is equipped with an inlet and an outlet that are connected to both the inside and outside of the cooling channel.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid inlet of the cooling channel is connected to the uppermost cooling channel, and the liquid outlet of the cooling channel is connected to the lowermost cooling channel.

[0009] Preferably, the guide plate has a connecting groove that connects the upper and lower cooling channels.

[0010] Preferably, the deflector is one or more pieces; When there is one or more guide plates, the connecting grooves of the uppermost guide plate are all far away from the liquid inlet of the battery box. When there are multiple guide vanes, the connecting grooves of adjacent guide vanes are staggered from left to right.

[0011] Preferably, the uppermost cooling channel is provided with a guide plate to form a targeted microchannel, which is used to gather and accelerate the flow rate of the coolant to cool the battery module electrodes. The battery modules are arranged in multiple rows along the direction of the liquid inlet, and a guide plate is provided between each row of battery modules. The guide plate is integrally formed on the upper surface of the guide plate corresponding to the uppermost flow channel.

[0012] Preferably, the guide plate is composed of multiple continuous U-shaped sections, each U-shaped section corresponding to a battery module. The opening of the U-shaped section faces the direction of the coolant and the electrode of the corresponding battery module, and the bend of the U-shaped section is provided with micropores that connect to the cooling channel.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the lowest cooling channel is provided with a wave-shaped baffle. The coolant flows along the wave-shaped channel of the baffle to create disturbance and eliminate coolant stratification.

[0014] Preferably, the edge of the deflector plate is sealed and bonded to the inner wall of the battery box and the battery module.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the guide plate is sealed and fitted to the inner surface of the battery box cover.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. On the one hand, the present invention can gather and accelerate the coolant through the U-shaped targeted microchannel formed by the guide plate, accurately flush the battery module electrodes, realize targeted and efficient heat dissipation of the electrodes, greatly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the electrode tabs, and solve the problem of insufficient heat dissipation of electrodes in the prior art; on the other hand, the coolant is guided to form a zigzag flow in the upper and lower layers of the flow channel by the staggered connecting grooves, and the wave-shaped baffle at the bottom layer forms a disturbance, which completely eliminates the low flow area of ​​the flow channel and the thermal stratification of the coolant, ensuring that the upper and lower layers of the battery module can achieve uniform cooling.

[0017] 2. The sealing and bonding of the guide plate with the battery box and battery module, as well as the sealing and bonding of the guide plate with the battery box cover, form a reliable sealing structure, which avoids coolant leakage and flow channel cross-flow, and ensures the stability of the cooling effect. 3. The components are designed to be compact, with the guide plate and flow deflector integrally formed, making processing and assembly convenient. The overall structure is reasonable and highly practical, suitable for various battery systems with high requirements for cooling and safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention when the guide plate is a single piece; Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention when the guide vane is a single piece; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide plate of the present invention when it is a single piece; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide plate of the present invention when there are two pieces; The numbers on the map are: 1-Battery housing; 11-Inlet; 12-Outlet; 2-Battery module; 21-Electrode; 3-Guide plate; 31-Guide groove; 4-Guide plate; 41-Microhole; 5-Break plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] This invention proposes a battery immersion cooling device, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown: Includes a battery housing 1, which contains several battery modules 2. The battery housing 1 is provided with an inlet 11 and an outlet 12 that are connected to the inside and outside of the cooling channel. The inlet 11 and the outlet 12 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cooling channel. The battery housing 1 is equipped with a guide plate 3, which divides the battery module 2 longitudinally into at least two interconnected cooling channels. The electrode 21 of the battery module 2 is located in the uppermost cooling channel. The channel partitioning ensures that the coolant preferentially acts on the electrode 21 area where heat is concentrated. The inlet 11 of the cooling channel is connected to the uppermost cooling channel, and the outlet 12 is connected to the lowermost cooling channel, allowing the coolant to flow along the path and form a directional cooling flow field.

[0023] The guide plate 3 has a connecting groove that connects the upper and lower cooling channels, providing a channel for the flow of coolant between the different layers of channels. The guide plate 3 can be configured as one or more plates. When there is one or more guide plates 3, the connecting groove of the uppermost guide plate 3 is far away from the liquid inlet 11 of the battery housing 1 to prevent coolant from flowing into the lower layer before sufficient heat exchange. When there are multiple guide plates 3 (e.g....), Figure 5 The guide plate 3 shown is provided in three pieces. The connecting grooves of adjacent guide plates 3 are staggered from left to right, which guides the coolant to form disturbance in the upper and lower flow channels, eliminates low flow areas, and improves temperature uniformity.

[0024] The uppermost cooling channel is equipped with a guide plate 4 (both the guide plate 3 and the guide plate 4 are made of insulating material such as PA66 + 30% glass fiber, but not limited to this) to form targeted microchannels. This is used to gather and accelerate the flow rate of the coolant, and to specifically cool the electrode 21 of the battery module 2. The battery modules 2 are distributed in multiple rows along the inlet 11, and a guide plate 4 is provided between each row of battery modules 2. The guide plate 4 is integrally formed on the upper surface of the guide plate 3 corresponding to the uppermost channel. The guide plate 4 is composed of multiple continuous U-shaped sections, each U-shaped section corresponding to a battery module 2. The opening of the U-shaped section faces the direction of the coolant and the electrode 21 of the corresponding battery module 2, so that the coolant can be accurately gathered to the surface of the electrode 21 to form targeted flushing. The bend of the U-shaped section has microholes 41 that connect to the cooling channels, so that the coolant in the uppermost cooling channel can flow smoothly into the lower cooling channel through the microholes 41 after completing the heat dissipation of the electrode 21, realizing the connection between the channels.

[0025] The bottom of the lowest cooling channel is provided with a wave-shaped baffle 5. The baffle 5 is configured when there is only one guide plate 3. When there is more than one guide plate 3, it can be configured selectively. The coolant flows along the wave-shaped channel of the baffle 5 to form a disturbance, which disrupts the laminar flow state of the coolant, effectively eliminates thermal stratification, and ensures the cooling uniformity of the lowest battery module 2.

[0026] To ensure sealing reliability, the edge of the guide plate 3 is sealed to the inner wall of the battery box 1 and the battery module 2 (using epoxy or silicone adhesive that is resistant to coolant corrosion), preventing coolant from flowing or leaking between the guide plate 3 and the box and battery module 2; the top of the guide plate 4 is sealed to the inner surface of the cover of the battery box 1 (the bonding surface can be provided with sealing protrusions or coated with sealant, not limited to this), forming a closed uppermost cooling channel to prevent coolant from leaking from the gap between the guide plate 4 and the cover, while ensuring that all coolant flows through the targeted microchannels formed by the U-shaped part, ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the electrode 21.

[0027] In use, the coolant (such as fluorinated liquid, synthetic oil, or oil-based phase change microcapsule suspension) enters the uppermost cooling channel through the inlet 11. Guided by the guide plate 4, it converges into the targeted microchannel formed by the U-shaped section, accelerating the flushing of the electrode 21 of the battery module 2 and quickly removing the heat generated by the electrode 21. After the coolant has completed the heat dissipation of the electrode 21, it flows into the lower cooling channel through the micro-holes 41 at the bend of the U-shaped section. Guided by the staggered connecting grooves, it flows along the lower channel and creates disturbance when it flows through the corrugated baffle 5, avoiding thermal stratification and fully cooling the lower area of ​​the battery module 2. Finally, the coolant that has completed heat exchange flows out of the battery box 1 through the outlet 12 and enters the external cooling system for cooling (such as an air-cooled heat exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a phase change energy storage cooling device, or a refrigeration unit). Then, it flows back in through the inlet 11 to form a continuous and stable cooling cycle.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0029] This invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A battery immersion cooling device, characterized in that, include: The battery housing contains several battery modules. A flow deflector, located inside the battery housing, is used to divide the battery module longitudinally into at least two interconnected cooling channels. The electrodes of the battery module are located in the uppermost cooling channel, which guides the flow of coolant within the battery housing. The battery housing is equipped with an inlet and an outlet that are connected to both the inside and outside of the cooling channel.

2. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the cooling channel is connected to the uppermost cooling channel, and the outlet of the cooling channel is connected to the lowermost cooling channel.

3. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide plate has a connecting groove that connects the upper and lower cooling channels.

4. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide vane may be one or more pieces; When there is one or more guide plates, the connecting grooves of the uppermost guide plate are all far away from the liquid inlet of the battery box. When there are multiple guide vanes, the connecting grooves of adjacent guide vanes are staggered from left to right.

5. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The uppermost cooling channel is equipped with a guide plate that forms targeted microchannels, which is used to gather and accelerate the flow rate of the coolant to cool the battery module electrodes. The battery modules are arranged in multiple rows along the direction of the liquid inlet, and a guide plate is provided between each row of battery modules. The guide plate is integrally formed on the upper surface of the guide plate corresponding to the uppermost flow channel.

6. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide plate is composed of multiple continuous U-shaped sections, each corresponding to a battery module. The opening of the U-shaped section faces the direction of the coolant and the electrode of the corresponding battery module. The bend of the U-shaped section is provided with micropores that connect to the cooling channel.

7. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the lowest cooling channel is equipped with a wave-shaped baffle. The coolant flows along the wave-shaped channel of the baffle, creating disturbance and eliminating coolant stratification.

8. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the guide plate is sealed and bonded to the inner wall of the battery box and the battery module.

9. The battery immersion cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the guide plate is sealed to the inner surface of the battery box cover.

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