Fixed joint device and joint component

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotating member for friction stir welding, which is capable of suppressing the occurrence of welding defects during friction stir welding, and which is capable of achieving high-strength welding. A stationary welding device for performing friction stir welding of a member to be welded, the stationary welding device being provided with: a stage on which the member to be welded is placed; a drive mechanism having an output shaft provided above the engaged member and configured to rotate the output shaft; a friction stir rotating member provided on the output shaft so as to rotate together with the output shaft; and a position adjustment mechanism configured to adjust an insertion depth of the friction stir rotating member with respect to the member to be joined in a Z direction, the Z direction being a direction in which the friction stir rotating member and the member to be joined face each other, the friction stir rotating member being configured so that the friction stir rotating member is inserted in the Z direction in a state where the friction stir rotating member is provided on the output shaft of the drive mechanism. A play is generated between an output shaft and a pin portion inserted into a member to be joined during friction stir, the play enabling the pin portion to vibrate with respect to the output shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fixed bonding device and bonding component related to friction stir welding (FSW). Background Technology

[0002] In Patent Document 1, a stirring pin is disposed on the main body and is rotatable and movable relative to the axis of rotation by a rotational force from the main body. A first elastic member (e.g., a coil spring) is provided to apply force to the stirring pin toward the front end relative to the axis of rotation. A shoulder is disposed on the main body in a manner that allows it to move independently of the stirring pin in the axis of rotation without being subjected to a rotational force from the main body. Furthermore, a second elastic member is provided, which applies force to the shoulder toward the front end relative to the axis of rotation. When the stirring pin is pressed into the joined component at a certain height, even if the height of the joined component changes, the first elastic member deforms with the change in the joined component, thus maintaining a constant insertion depth of the stirring pin (

[0041] ). Due to the action of the first elastic member, the stirring pin is inserted into the joined component at a constant depth, thus forming a plasticized region at a certain depth (

[0071] ). As described above, in the technology of Patent Document 1, the first elastic member applies force to the stirring pin toward the joined component, inserting the stirring pin into the joined component at a certain depth.

[0003] In Patent Document 2, the stirring pin and the shoulder constitute an assembly. The assembly can rotate relative to each other and can move integrally with respect to the axial direction of the rotation axis. In addition, a first elastic member (e.g., a helical spring) is provided, which applies force to the assembly toward the front end of the stirring pin with respect to the axial direction of the rotation axis. In the technology of Patent Document 2, the first elastic member is also used to maintain the insertion depth of the stirring pin at a certain level, forming a plasticized region at a certain depth (

[0033] ,

[0052] ).

[0004] In Patent Document 3, the rotating tool has a main body and a stirring component. The main body has a fixing part that is mounted and fixed to a connecting device and a rotating shaft that transmits rotational force from the connecting device. The stirring component has a stirring pin, is configured to receive rotational force from the rotating shaft and rotate, and is provided on the main body in a manner that allows it to move relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft. In addition, an elastic member (coil spring) is provided that applies force to the stirring component toward the front end side along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. In the technology of Patent Document 3, the elastic member is also used to maintain a constant insertion amount of the stirring pin, forming a plasticized region at a certain depth (

[0035] ,

[0051] ).

[0005] In any of Patent Documents 1 to 3, the stirring pin applies force to the joined parts through an elastic component (coil spring), is pressed onto the joined parts, and the insertion depth of the stirring pin remains constant, forming a plasticized area at a certain depth.

[0006] Existing technical documents Patent documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-069370 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-069371 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-069372 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem the invention aims to solve It is desirable to provide a fixed joining device and joining component that can suppress the occurrence of joining defects and achieve high-strength joining during friction stirring joining.

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixed joining device and joining component that can suppress the occurrence of joining defects and achieve high-strength joining during friction stirring joining.

[0009] means for solving problems In view of the above problems, the inventors have conducted in-depth research and obtained the following insights.

[0010] In the past, in friction stir bonding, the support structure for the stir pin was designed based on the concept of how to achieve friction stirring in a stable state. Therefore, it involved forcibly applying external force, such as how to press and insert the stir pin stably into the parts to be joined by applying force towards them. In Patent Documents 1-3, the elastic component was also designed to maintain a constant insertion depth of the stir pin and to form a plasticized region at a certain depth. Patent Documents 1-3 fall within the scope of prior design concepts.

[0011] In response, the inventors shifted their thinking from conventional design concepts and discovered that by intentionally contacting the plastically flowing parts to be joined, the pin inserted into the parts being joined is passively vibrated with an amplitude and / or frequency greater than the base vibration. This suppresses the occurrence of joining defects and enables high-strength joining, thus completing the present invention. This insight is completely different from the conventional friction stir joining described above. Therefore, even those skilled in the art would not easily conceive of this insight from conventional friction stir joining techniques. In the present invention, the following structure can be adopted.

[0012] (1) A rotating component for friction stirring, disposed on a joining device for friction stirring and joining of components to be joined. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, when mounted on the output shaft of the drive mechanism in a state where it rotates by a rotation output from the drive mechanism of the engagement device, a clearance is generated between the output shaft and the pin inserted into the engaged component during friction stirring, allowing the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft. Through this clearance, the vibration of the pin during friction stirring has an amplitude and / or frequency larger than the vibration of the output shaft.

[0013] (1) The rotating component for friction stirring has a clearance between the output shaft and the pin, which allows the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft. The output shaft of the drive mechanism vibrates during friction stirring as a result of the rotation transmitted from the drive mechanism. This vibration is also called the fundamental vibration. The fundamental vibration is the vibration that inevitably occurs during friction stirring. During friction stirring, the vibration of the pin has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the fundamental vibration. During friction stirring, the pin moves and rotates within the clearance in a manner that conforms to the plastic flow of the joined component, rather than resisting the plastic flow of the joined component. Due to this action, the vibration of the pin is generated. That is, the vibration of the pin is generated by the clearance. The vibration of the pin is not generated by the output of a drive source other than the drive mechanism. The vibration of the pin is unlikely to impede the plastic flow of the joined component. Furthermore, the vibration of the pin can be synchronized with the plastic flow of the joined component. Therefore, the vibration of the pin amplifies the plastic flow of the joined parts. Thus, the vibration of the pin suppresses the occurrence of joining defects and enables high-strength joining. Furthermore, the tilt angle (forward tilt angle) of the rotating component for friction stirring and the output shaft can be 0 degrees. Even with a tilt angle of 0 degrees, good friction stirring joining can be achieved. Since the vibration of the pin can be achieved through clearance, a complex spindle mechanism is not required. Excessive frictional heat generation can be suppressed. Excessive friction applied to the pin can be suppressed. Through pin vibration, the transmission of vibration from the downstream to the upstream side of the clearance in the power transmission path from the drive mechanism to the pin can be suppressed. The load applied to the output shaft can be reduced.

[0014] The rotating component for friction stirring can itself have clearance. The rotating component for friction stirring can also be configured such that clearance is created between the rotating component and the output shaft by mounting the rotating component on the output shaft. The rotating component for friction stirring can also be configured without a pin, with clearance created between the rotating component and the pin by mounting a pin on the rotating component. The engagement device is not limited to a dedicated device for friction stirring engagement; for example, it can be a machining center, robot, milling machine, multi-functional machining center, general-purpose equipment, or a movable device with dimensions that allow the user to perform friction stirring engagement manually, etc., without particular limitation. The control conditions (position, load, spindle load, heat, pressure, etc.) of the engagement device or its auxiliary mechanisms are also not particularly limited. The engagement conditions (feed speed, rotational speed, engagement temperature, advance angle) are also not particularly limited. The material of the joined components is not particularly limited. The joined components can be of the same type of material or different types of material. In the embodiments described later, the clearance is provided by a key (fitting key or fixing key), but is not limited to this example. The structure used to set the clearance is not particularly limited, and conventionally known structures can be used. Besides keys, components such as bolts, pins, and spheres can also be used as components for setting the clearance. Alternatively, the clearance itself can be set according to the shape of the rotating component for friction stirring. The rotating component for friction stirring can also be divided into multiple (e.g., two) components, and the clearance is formed by the interlocking of adjacent components. The amplitude and frequency of the vibration are not particularly limited and can be adjusted by changing the amount of clearance or the weight of the component downstream of the clearance in the power transmission path from the drive mechanism to the pin. For example, the weight can be changed by setting a counterweight. In the engagement device, the drive mechanism includes a rotating machine. For example, the rotating machine can be a rotary electric motor or an internal combustion engine. The drive mechanism can also include a gearbox that outputs a speed that changes the speed of rotation output from the rotating machine. The gearbox can be a reducer or a speed increaser. When the drive mechanism includes a gearbox, the output shaft of the gearbox is equivalent to the output shaft of the drive mechanism. When the drive mechanism does not include a gearbox, the output shaft of the rotating machine is equivalent to the output shaft of the drive mechanism. In one embodiment, backlash and allowance in the drive mechanism are not considered clearance. In one embodiment, the clearance is located downstream of the upstream edge of the output shaft of the drive mechanism in the power transmission path from the drive mechanism to the pin.

[0015] (2) The rotating component for friction stirring in (1), The rotating component for friction stirring has: A rotating shaft portion is disposed on the output shaft; and The front end portion is configured to rotate by rotation transmitted from the rotating shaft portion, and is located at a position further forward than the rotating shaft portion. The front end portion may have the pin portion and a base end side portion provided on the base end side of the pin portion, or it may not have the pin portion, but may have a base end side portion configured to detachably mount the pin portion. The clearance is provided between the rotating shaft and the front end portion so that the pin portion can vibrate relative to the rotating shaft. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin portion during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the rotating shaft portion.

[0016] (2) The rotating component for friction stirring has a clearance between the rotating shaft and the front end. Through this clearance, the vibration of the pin during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft. This vibration is not generated by the output of a drive source other than the drive mechanism. This vibration is less likely to impede the plastic flow of the joined parts. Furthermore, this vibration can amplify the plastic flow of the joined parts. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of joining defects and to achieve high-strength joining.

[0017] When the pin and the base end side are integrally formed, the pin is the part that enters into the joined component, and the base end side is the part located at the base end of the pin; the pin and the base end side can be distinguished. On the other hand, for example, if the pin can be detached from the base end side, the pin and the base end side can be physically distinguished when they are separable. For example, the pin is equivalent to a tool, and the base end side is equivalent to a chuck. If the front end does not have a pin, the front end may be the base end side itself, configured to detachably mount the pin.

[0018] (3) The rotating component for friction stirring in (2), The front end portion has a surface contact portion at a height that contacts the surface of the joined component on the base end side of the pin portion. The ratio of the diameter of the surface contact portion to the diameter of the pin portion that is further forward and adjacent to the surface contact portion is 1.8 or less. Thus, the front end portion is configured to have a shoulder with a width small enough to satisfy the ratio, or it may not have a shoulder.

[0019] As described above, the vibration generated at the pin due to clearance is less likely to impede the plastic flow of the joined parts, and the plastic flow of the joined parts can be amplified. (3) The rotating part for friction stirring has a small shoulder or no shoulder, so the area of ​​the shoulder in contact with the surface of the joined parts is reduced to cover the joined parts with plastic flow. It is less likely that the shoulder will impede the plastic flow. As a result, the effect of the vibration of the pin, which is less likely to impede the plastic flow and can be amplified, can be obtained more effectively. In addition, when the width of the rotating shoulder is small or there is no rotating shoulder, the amount of heating of the rotating shoulder to the joined parts is reduced, but effective plastic flow can be achieved through the effect of the vibration of the pin. As a result, friction stirring can be performed at a lower temperature. Friction stirring at low temperature can suppress the effect of temperature on the joined parts. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of deformation or stress caused by heat, and the mechanical properties of the joined parts can be improved compared with the joined parts after conventional friction stirring. In addition, by reducing the temperature of friction stirring, energy consumption can be suppressed. It is also possible to use materials that are difficult to bond at high temperatures as the parts to be bonded.

[0020] The ratio is not particularly limited, but is 1.8 or less in (3) above. More preferably, the ratio is 1.5 or less, more preferably 1.3 or less, and particularly preferably 1.1 or less. This is because it can suppress the occurrence of plastic flow obstruction by the shoulder. When the ratio is 1.0, the rotating component for friction stirring does not have a shoulder. The absence of a shoulder is also one of the preferred embodiments of the rotating component for friction stirring. The ratio can be less than 2.0, for example. In conventional friction stirring joints, the ratio is, for example, 2 or more. Alternatively, the ratio can also be 2 or more. By vibrating the shoulder together with the pin, it is possible to obtain an effect that makes it difficult to obstruct plastic flow and can amplify it. Alternatively, the shoulder can be configured not to rotate with the pin. Friction stirring joints implemented in a manner where the shoulder does not rotate with the pin are called stationary shoulder friction stir welding (SSFSW). SSFSW allows for lower heat input to the plastic flow section (joint), thereby improving the mechanical properties, microstructure, and surface finish of the plastic flow section. As described above, a narrow shoulder or the absence of a shoulder can be appropriately applied to SSFSW because it allows for friction stirring engagement at lower temperatures. That is, when the rotating component for friction stirring has a shoulder, the shoulder can be configured to rotate with the pin or not. A shoulder separate from the rotating component for friction stirring and not rotating with the pin can also be provided on the rotating component for friction stirring or the engagement device. The shoulder not rotating with the pin can be fixed to the rotating component for friction stirring or the engagement device in a completely non-rotating manner, or it can be configured to rotate separately from the pin.

[0021] (4) The rotating component for friction stirring according to any one of (1) to (3), The rotating component for friction stirring is configured to passively generate vibration of the pin portion by contact with the plastically flowing joined component within the clearance range.

[0022] In the rotating component for friction stirring (4), the pin passively vibrates within the clearance range through contact with the plastically flowing joined component. During friction stirring, the pin moves and rotates within the clearance range in accordance with the plastically flowing joined component, rather than resisting it. This movement passively generates vibration in the pin. Therefore, the vibration of the pin is unlikely to impede the plastic flow of the joined component. Furthermore, this vibration can amplify the plastic flow of the joined component. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of joining defects and achieve high-strength joining.

[0023] (5) The rotating component for friction stirring as described in any one of (1) to (4), The rotating component for friction stirring is configured to generate vibration of the pin in at least one of the axial, circumferential, and radial directions through the clearance.

[0024] (5) The friction stirring rotating component can suppress the occurrence of joint defects and perform high-strength jointing by vibrating the pin of at least one side.

[0025] When a clearance is provided between the output shaft and the pin in the axial direction, the pin can vibrate in the axial direction. When a clearance is provided in the circumferential direction, the pin can vibrate in the circumferential direction. When a clearance is provided in the radial direction, the pin can vibrate radially. The clearance is provided in at least one direction of the pin: the axial direction, the circumferential direction, and the radial direction. For example, the following clearances can be provided between the output shaft and the pin.

[0026] (A) Clearance only in the axial direction, (B) Only circumferential clearance, (C) Radial clearance only, (D) The combination of axial clearance and circumferential clearance. (E) The combination of axial clearance and radial clearance. (F) A combination of circumferential clearance and radial clearance, or (G) A combination of axial clearance, circumferential clearance and radial clearance.

[0027] In the case of (A) above, the pin can vibrate at least in the axial direction.

[0028] In the case of (B) above, the pin can at least vibrate in the circumferential direction.

[0029] In the case of (C) above, the pin can vibrate at least radially.

[0030] In the case of (D) above, the pin can vibrate at least in the axial direction and the circumferential direction.

[0031] In the case described above (E), the pin is able to vibrate at least in the axial direction and radial direction.

[0032] In the case described above (F), the pin is able to vibrate at least in the circumferential and radial directions.

[0033] In the case described above (G), the pin can vibrate in the axial direction, circumferential direction, and radial direction.

[0034] Furthermore, this paragraph describes the clearance provided between the output shaft and the pin. However, if the clearance is provided between the rotating shaft and the front end, the term "output shaft" in this paragraph can be replaced with "rotating shaft". The amount of clearance in any direction is not particularly limited and varies depending on the size of the coupling device, etc. For example, it is preferably 0.0001mm to 1mm, more preferably 0.001mm to 0.8mm, and even more preferably 0.01mm to 0.5mm. In addition, the axial direction is not necessarily limited to the vertical direction and can be determined by the arrangement of the coupled parts and the pin.

[0035] (6) The rotating component for friction stirring as described in any one of (1) to (5), The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that the pin is free or substantially free relative to the output shaft within the clearance range.

[0036] In the rotating component for friction stirring (6), since the pin is free or substantially free within the clearance range, the vibration of the pin is passively generated through contact with the plastically flowing joined components, and has an amplitude and / or frequency larger than the basic vibration. This vibration is unlikely to impede the plastic flow of the joined components. Furthermore, this vibration can amplify the plastic flow of the joined components. Through this vibration, the occurrence of joining defects can be suppressed and high-strength joining can be achieved.

[0037] Freedom refers to a state free from physical or mechanical constraints. Furthermore, substantial freedom refers to the degree to which the amplitude and / or frequency of the pin's vibration during frictional agitation is greater than the vibration of the output shaft. If this range is within which constraint on the output shaft by the front end is permitted, this constraint could be, for example, friction between adjacent components between the output shaft and the pin, or external stress caused by elastomers or fluids, as described later.

[0038] (7) The rotating component for friction stirring as described in any one of (1) to (6), The clearance is a void or is essentially a void.

[0039] In the rotating component for friction stirring (7), since the clearance is void or essentially void, the vibration of the pin is passively generated through contact with the plastically flowing joined components, and has an amplitude and / or frequency larger than the basic vibration. This vibration is unlikely to impede the plastic flow of the joined components. Furthermore, this vibration can amplify the plastic flow of the joined components. Through this vibration, the occurrence of joining defects can be suppressed and high-strength joining can be achieved.

[0040] The gap is the space between the output shaft and the pin. In essence, the gap can contain liquid or elastomer, provided that the amplitude and / or frequency of the pin's vibration during frictional stirring is greater than the vibration of the output shaft.

[0041] (8) A joining device for performing friction stirring joining of the joined parts, The joining device has: A drive mechanism having an output shaft and configured to rotate the output shaft; and The pin, configured to rotate via rotation transmitted from the drive mechanism, is inserted into the engaged component during frictional agitation. The pin is configured to have a clearance between the output shaft and the pin, the clearance being configured to allow the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft, and through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during frictional stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft.

[0042] (8) The coupling device has a clearance between the output shaft and the pin component, which allows the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft. The coupling device is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft. The output shaft vibrates during friction stirring as it is transmitted from the rotation of the drive mechanism. This vibration is also the same as the basic vibration described above. During friction stirring, the vibration of the pin has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the basic vibration. This vibration is generated by the clearance. This vibration is not generated by the output of a drive source other than the drive mechanism. This vibration is unlikely to impede the plastic flow of the joined parts. Furthermore, this vibration can amplify the plastic flow of the joined parts. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of joining defects and to achieve a high-strength joint.

[0043] (9) A joining method comprising rotating a pin by a rotation output from a drive mechanism, and performing frictional stirring joining of the joined parts by inserting the pin into the joined parts. During friction stirring, the joined parts are frictionally stirred while being passively subjected to vibrations at the pin through contact with the plastically flowing joined parts, where the amplitude and / or frequency of these vibrations is greater than the fundamental vibration transmitted from the drive mechanism to the pin through the rotation of the drive mechanism.

[0044] According to the joining method of (9), the vibration of the pin is passively generated through contact with the plastically flowing parts to be joined, and has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the basic vibration. This vibration is unlikely to impede the plastic flow of the parts to be joined. Furthermore, this vibration can amplify the plastic flow of the parts to be joined. Through this vibration, the occurrence of joining defects can be suppressed and a high-strength joint can be achieved.

[0045] (10) A joining method comprising rotating a pin by a rotation output from a drive mechanism and inserting the pin into the joined parts to perform frictional stirring joining of the joined parts. Feedback control of the drive mechanism is performed so that the output of the drive mechanism varies synchronously with or follows the rotational variation of the pin caused passively by contact with the plastically flowing joined component, and the joined component is frictionally stirred.

[0046] According to the joining method of (10), the vibration of the pin is controlled by the drive mechanism to suppress or prevent the plastic flow of the joined parts from being hindered by the vibration of the pin. Therefore, freer plastic flow can be achieved. Therefore, the occurrence of joining defects can be suppressed and high-strength joining can be achieved.

[0047] The matters in (1) to (10) above and the matters recorded in the columns of (1) to (10) above may be applied to and / or incorporated into (C1) to (C13) below.

[0048] (C1) A fixed joining device for friction stirring joining of the joined parts. The fixed coupling device has: A stage for holding the joined components; The drive mechanism has an output shaft positioned above the engaged member and is configured to rotate the output shaft. A rotating component for friction stirring is mounted on the output shaft to rotate together with it; and The position adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the insertion depth of the friction stirring rotating component relative to the joined component in the Z direction, where the Z direction is the relative direction between the friction stirring rotating component and the joined component. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, when mounted on the output shaft of the drive mechanism, a clearance is generated between the output shaft and the pin that is inserted into the engaged component during friction stirring, allowing the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft.

[0049] According to (C1), similar to (1) above, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of joint defects and achieve high-strength joints.

[0050] (C2) Fixed coupling device of C1, The fixed joining device also has a moving mechanism, which is configured to move the rotating friction stirring member relative to the joined member in at least the X direction among the X, Y and Z directions, so as to perform friction stirring joining of the joined member, wherein the X and Y directions are perpendicular to the Z direction and to each other.

[0051] According to (C2), the relative movement between the joined parts and the rotating friction stirring component is possible via the moving mechanism. Therefore, friction stirring engagement can be performed more smoothly, resulting in more efficient friction stirring engagement. Furthermore, the X and Y directions are not particularly limited as long as they are perpendicular to and mutually perpendicular to the Z direction. Additionally, the fixed joining device in (C1) does not necessarily need to have a moving mechanism. The joined part 2 can also be moved relative to the rotating friction stirring component 1 by the operator moving either the joined part 2 or the rotating friction stirring component 1.

[0052] (C3) Fixed coupling device of C1 or C2 The forward tilt angle of the output shaft and the rotating component for friction stirring is 0 degrees.

[0053] According to (C3), when changing the relative movement direction between the joined parts and the rotating friction stirring component, it is not necessary to change the forward tilt angle. Therefore, friction stirring engagement can be performed more smoothly. Consequently, friction stirring engagement can be performed more efficiently.

[0054] (C4) The fixed coupling device as described in any one of C1 to C3, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft.

[0055] According to (C4), it is possible to suppress the occurrence of joint defects and achieve high-strength joints.

[0056] (C5) The fixed coupling device as described in any one of C1 to C4, The rotating component for friction stirring has: A rotating shaft portion is disposed on the output shaft; and The front end portion is configured to rotate by rotation transmitted from the rotating shaft portion, and is located at a position further forward than the rotating shaft portion. The front end portion may have the pin portion and a base end side portion provided on the base end side of the pin portion, or it may not have the pin portion, but may have a base end side portion configured to detachably mount the pin portion. The clearance is provided between the rotating shaft and the front end portion so that the pin portion can vibrate relative to the rotating shaft. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin portion during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the rotating shaft portion.

[0057] (C6) Fixed coupling device of C5, The pin has a surface contact portion at a height that contacts the surface of the engaged component. The ratio of the diameter of the surface contact portion to the diameter of the pin portion that is further forward and adjacent to the surface contact portion is 1.8 or less. Thus, the pin portion is configured to have a shoulder portion with a width small enough to satisfy the ratio, or to have no shoulder portion.

[0058] (C7) The fixed coupling device as described in any one of C1 to C6, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured to passively generate vibration of the pin portion by contact with the plastically flowing joined component within the clearance range.

[0059] (C8) The fixed coupling device as described in any one of C1 to C7, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured to generate vibration of the pin in at least one of the axial, circumferential, and radial directions through the clearance.

[0060] (C9) The fixed coupling device as described in any one of C1 to C8, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that the pin is free or substantially free relative to the output shaft within the clearance range.

[0061] (C10) The fixed coupling device as described in any one of C1 to C9, The clearance is a void or is essentially a void.

[0062] According to (C5) to (C10), the same excellent effect as (2) to (7) above can be obtained.

[0063] (C11) A fixed joining device for friction stirring joining of joined parts, said fixed joining device having: A stage for holding the joined components; The drive mechanism has an output shaft positioned above the engaged member and is configured to rotate the output shaft. A pin, configured to rotate by rotation transmitted from the drive mechanism, is inserted into the engaged component during frictional stirring; and The position adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the insertion depth of the pin relative to the engaged member in the Z direction, where the Z direction is the relative direction between the pin and the engaged member. The pin is configured to have a clearance between the output shaft and the pin, the clearance being configured to allow the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft.

[0064] (C12) Fixed coupling device of C11, The pin is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during frictional agitation has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft.

[0065] (C13) A fixed joining device for friction stirring joining of joined parts, characterized in that, The fixed coupling device has: A stage for holding the joined components; The output shaft is positioned above the engaged component; The drive mechanism is configured to rotate the output shaft; A pin is provided on the front end side of the output shaft; The control unit controls the drive mechanism to rotate the pin by rotation output from the drive mechanism and insert the pin into the engaged component to perform frictional stirring engagement of the engaged component; and The detection unit detects the rotational state of the pin. The control unit performs feedback control of the drive mechanism based on the rotational state of the pin detected by the detection unit, so that the output of the drive mechanism changes synchronously or in accordance with the rotational variation of the pin caused passively by contact with the plastically flowing joined component, and performs frictional stirring on the joined component.

[0066] According to (C11) to (C13), the occurrence of joint defects can be suppressed and high-strength joints can be achieved. Burr formation can be suppressed.

[0067] (C14) A joining member, said joining member being manufactured by friction stirring joining using any one of the friction stirring rotating members of A1 to A13.

[0068] (C15) The mating parts of C14, The connecting component is used in any of the following vehicles: automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, and rockets.

[0069] The rotating component for friction stirring can suppress the occurrence of bonding defects and achieve high-strength bonding. Therefore, the resulting bonded component can be preferably applied to vehicles. In particular, it can be preferably applied to the main body constituting a vehicle.

[0070] (C16) The mating parts of C14, The bonding component is applied to any one of the following: electrode components, air conditioning equipment, water-cooled or air-cooled power control units, water-cooled or air-cooled battery boxes, door panels, shock absorbers, suspension links, waveguides, antennas, motor covers, brewing tanks, vacuum device components, sputtering targets, and embedded heaters.

[0071] (C17) The mating component as described in any one of C14 to C16, The joining component is a component manufactured by friction stirring and joining multiple plates of different thicknesses, or by friction stirring and joining different types of materials.

[0072] According to the rotating component for friction stirring, the occurrence of bonding defects can be suppressed and high-strength bonding can be achieved. Therefore, high-quality friction stirring bonding can be performed on multiple plates of different thicknesses or different types of materials. The resulting bonded parts are manufactured through high-quality friction stirring bonding. The different types of materials can also be combined with the following: for example, combinations of different types of metals, combinations of resin and metal, combinations of metal castings and metal ductile materials, and combinations of ceramics and metals. In addition, at least one of the different types of materials can also be the following: for example, copper-aluminum dissimilar thin film materials, Ti-based materials, iron-based materials, chromium-based materials, and rare metal bonding. The rare metals mentioned here may include Ag and Au, or may not include them.

[0073] In this invention, the following structures may also be employed. Furthermore, the following structures were originally implicitly or implicitly included in this invention, but are explicitly described below.

[0074] (C15-1) A C14 joint component applied to spacecraft, special vehicles, bicycles, defense special vehicles, defense equipment, linear motors, linear electric locomotives, and unmanned aerial vehicles. Examples of spacecraft include artificial satellites, space stations, manned spacecraft, space probes, space telescopes, space cargo ships, space shuttles, and interplanetary probes. Examples of special vehicles include self-propelled construction machinery such as truck cranes and trailer-mounted vehicles. Examples of bicycles include city bicycles, electric-assisted bicycles, sports bicycles, and special bicycles for off-road or racing use. In the (C14) joint component, the occurrence of joint defects is suppressed, and a high-strength joint is achieved; therefore, the (C14) joint component is preferably used for applications in harsh environments as shown in (C15-1).

[0075] (C15-2) C14 joining components are used in equipment, apparatus, or machines in the following fields: food and beverage, liquid crystal / electronics / semiconductors, energy, power generation, batteries, solar cells, infrastructure, construction, building, medical, vacuum, materials, equipment, machinery, metal / resin molding, home appliances, communications, IT, and digital. In the joining components of (C14), the occurrence of joining defects is suppressed, and a high-strength joint is achieved; therefore, the joining components of (C14) are preferably used in a wide range of fields including those shown in (C15-2).

[0076] (C16-1) Applied to, or constituting as, any of the following C14 joint components: aluminum / aluminum alloy products, copper / copper alloy products, magnesium / magnesium alloy products, iron / iron alloy products, resin products, extruded materials, drawn materials, cast materials, forged materials, sprayed / sprayed materials, molded materials, metal products, dissimilar material joint products, thin film materials, busbars, busbars, silver / silver alloy products, gold / gold alloy products, titanium / titanium alloy products.

[0077] (C16-2) A C14 mating component used in any of the following: chambers, vacuum chambers, backplates, water-cooled plates, temperature control plates, radiators, nozzles, valves, bases, ion implantation equipment, mobile phones, smartphones, chargers, storage batteries, Wi-Fi devices, electrical appliances, household products, televisions, game consoles, washing machines, refrigerators, clocks, digital watches, decorative parts, ornaments, tableware, knives, scissors, balls, glasses, baseball bats, electronic devices, and cameras.

[0078] (C16-3) Joining components of C14 applied to any of the following: Inverter housing, frame, body, chassis components, door, door panel, floor panel, ceiling panel, inner panel, outer panel, stack box, crank arm, waveguide, antenna, motor, gear, muffler, electrical installation components, oil pan, motor cover, honeycomb panel, double-layer panel, custom material, fuselage panel, wing component, bridge, bridge stringer, bridge, wheelchair, turbine, blade, converter, battery pack housing, wheelchair, accelerator, brake, drive shaft, bumper, bumper beam, spoiler, collision box, saddle, crankcase, engine hood, antenna cover, cladding material, battery coil material, roller, bearing, shaft support, beam guide, heat shield.

[0079] (C16-4) C14 joint components used in any of the following: gas storage tanks, gas generators, fuel tanks, brewing tanks, hydrogen tanks, gasoline tanks, nuclear energy containers, solvent tanks, sonar, thermal power generators, hydroelectric generators, wind power generators, nuclear power generators, ion implantation devices, film forming devices, etching devices, coating devices, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, machine tools, industrial machinery, pumps / compressors, textile machinery, office machinery, superconducting devices, neutron devices, and exposure devices.

[0080] (C16-5) A C14 mating component used in any of the following: syringes, catheters, medical devices, stents, clamps, knives, scaffolding, window frames, exterior walls, interior walls, roofs, interior trim, piping, chairs, tables, desks, beds, sofas, cabinets.

[0081] (C16-6) C14 joint components applied to any of the following: capacitors, dryers, fishing tackle (fishing reels), musical instruments, microwave ovens, air conditioners, electric fans, personal computers, forklifts, tractors, excavators, bulldozers, robotic arms, flanges, tracks, hydraulic cylinders, presses, suspensions, pedals, handlebars, guardrails, pipes, engine blocks, transmissions, pantographs, fences, handrails, landing gear, railway tracks, signal lights, electronic displays, level crossings, drive shafts, pipes, ventilation fans, suitcases, briefcases, ladders, indicators, aluminum trays, bathtubs, support frames, cooling layers, distributors, synthesizers, internal wiring, robotic arms, mechanical arms, housings, capsules, valves, detectors, missiles.

[0082] In this invention, the "clearance" can be defined in the following ways. Furthermore, the following methods were originally implicitly or implicitly included in this invention, but are explicitly described below.

[0083] In the embodiments described later and the above description, the clearance is (I) provided using components such as keys, but it can also be (II) provided by a fitting shape, or (III) a combination of the methods in (I) and (II) above. Furthermore, in the following text, it is assumed that component A on the output shaft side and component B on the pin side are adjacent to each other, and a clearance is provided between component A and component B. Furthermore, components A and B are not particularly limited. Also, the structure from the output shaft to the pin is not particularly limited; it can be output shaft-retainer-clamp-tool-pin, output shaft-retainer-tool-pin, or output shaft-clamp-tool-pin. The tool and pin can also be integrated. The clamp and retainer can also be integrated. The following examples can be applied to any of these methods.

[0084] (I) Clearance set using connecting components such as keys In this configuration, a connecting component is positioned between components A and B. Components A and B can be located at any position: upstream (e.g., output shaft and retainer), intermediate (e.g., retainer and tool), or downstream (e.g., tool and pin). Alternatively, components such as the retainer, chuck, and tool can be separated between the output shaft side and the pin side, with a connecting component positioned between these components to create clearance. Furthermore, in the embodiments described later and in the above description, a key is used as the connecting component, but pins or bolts can also be used. A key is positioned along the axial direction of the output shaft between the components on the inner diameter side and the components on the outer diameter side. That is, keyways are formed on each component on both the inner and outer diameter sides, and a key smaller than the keyway size is placed in these keyways to create clearance. The key is not particularly limited, and examples include: parallel keys with a quadrilateral (rectangular or square) cross-section; wedge keys (triangular keys) with a tapered shape tapering radially; crescent keys with a semi-circular cross-section; circular keys with a cylindrical cross-section; elliptical keys; polygonal keys with more than pentagonal shapes; rhomboid keys; and other irregularly shaped keys (e.g., T-shaped keys, fan-shaped keys). Regarding the shape along the axial direction, there are no particular limitations, and examples include: straight keys with a fixed cross-sectional shape in the axial direction; stepped keys where the size of the cross-sectional shape changes in a stepwise manner in the axial direction; and tapered keys where the size of the cross-sectional shape gradually changes in the axial direction. Furthermore, spherical bodies can be used as connecting components, either in place of keys or together with keys. Multiple spherical bodies can be arranged in a manner that arranges them in the keyway (ball spline). The dimensional difference between the key and the keyway is set in at least one of the radial, circumferential, and axial directions. This creates clearance that allows the pin to vibrate in that direction. The pin or bolt is configured to pass through both the inner diameter side component and the outer diameter side component along the radial direction of the output shaft. For example, in either the outer diameter side or the inner diameter side component, a hole with a diameter larger than the diameter of the pin or bolt is formed in one of the components, allowing the pin or bolt to be vertically positioned radially along the output shaft to pass through the hole, thereby creating clearance. The dimensional difference between the pin or bolt and the hole is provided in at least one of the radial, circumferential, and axial directions. This creates clearance that allows the pin to vibrate in that direction.

[0085] (II) Clearance set by the interlocking shape (spline) In this case, the engagement, similar to (I) above, can be located at any position on the upstream, middle, or downstream side. Components such as retainers, collets, and tools can be separated between the output shaft side and the pin side, forming an engagement on these components, thereby creating clearance. The spline can be provided along the entire circumference or a portion of it. The spline shape is not particularly limited; examples include: square splines (square grooves), round splines (round grooves), angular splines (V-grooves), sawtooth splines, involute splines, and involute sawtooth splines. The dimensional differences of these engagements are provided in at least one of the radial, circumferential, and axial directions. This creates clearance that allows the pin to vibrate in that direction.

[0086] (III) The clearance produced by the combination of the methods in (I) and (II) above. Clearance can also be formed through a combination of connecting components and fittings. Clearance can also be formed through any combination of upstream, intermediate, and downstream sides. Furthermore, clearance can be formed through combinations of these elements. Clearance can be located in multiple positions.

[0087] The effects of the invention According to the present invention, a fixed jointing device and jointing component capable of suppressing the occurrence of joint defects and achieving high-strength joints can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0088] Figure 1 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the friction stirring rotating member of the first embodiment. Figure 1 (b) is its sectional view along line AA.

[0089] Figure 2 (a) in the text is a simplified representation. Figure 1 (a) shows a cross-sectional view of the pin and its vicinity of the rotating component for friction stirring. Figure 2 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pin and its vicinity of the rotary tool of the comparative example.

[0090] Figure 3 (a) to Figure 3 In the diagram, (t) represents a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating component for friction stirring in the modified example.

[0091] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating component for friction stirring according to the second embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0092] <First Implementation Method> Figure 1 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the friction stirring rotating member 1 of the first embodiment. Figure 1 (b) is a sectional view along line AA. In the figure, H, C, and T represent the retainer, chuck, and tool, respectively. AD, CD, and RD represent the axial direction, circumferential direction, and radial direction, respectively. These symbols are sometimes omitted in other figures, but are interpreted in the same way as in this figure. Furthermore, in all figures, in the rotating component 1 for friction stirring, when adjacent components are shaded with the same shading line, it indicates that the components are fixed to each other. On the other hand, when different components are shaded with different shading lines, it indicates that the components are not fixed to each other. Additionally, in all figures, the same reference numerals are used to label the same structures.

[0093] A friction stirring rotating component 1 is mounted on a coupling device 3. The coupling device 3 is a device for friction stirring coupling of the coupled components 2. The coupling device 3 has a drive mechanism 4. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is detachably mounted on the output shaft 5 of the drive mechanism 4. The friction stirring rotating component 1 rotates with the output shaft 5 in a manner that does not involve relative displacement with the output shaft 5.

[0094] The friction stirring rotating component 1 has a metal rotating shaft portion 10 and a metal front end portion 20. The rotating shaft portion 10 corresponds to the retainer H. The rotating shaft portion 10 has a generally cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction AD. The rotating shaft portion 10 is fixed to the output shaft 5 on its upper surface side. The rotating shaft portion 10 has a bottomed hole on its lower surface for receiving the front end portion 20. The bottomed hole opens downwards. The front end portion 20 is provided within the bottomed hole.

[0095] The front end portion 20 has a pin portion 21 and a base end side portion 22 disposed on the base end side of the pin portion 21. The pin portion 21 corresponds to a tool T. The base end side portion 22 corresponds to a chuck C. The base end side portion 22 has a generally cylindrical shape extending along the axial direction AD. The base end side portion 22 has a bottomed hole on its lower surface for receiving the pin portion 21. The bottomed hole opens downward. The pin portion 21 is disposed within the bottomed hole. The pin portion 21 is fixed to the base end side portion 22 in a manner that does not displace relative to the base end side portion 22. Figure 1 As shown in (a), the front end of the pin 21 is inserted into the joined component 2 during friction stirring. In the figure, PF schematically represents the plastic flow portion of the joined component 2 during friction stirring.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown in (b), a plurality of grooves 25 are formed at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion 20 in the circumferential direction CD. Figure 1 As shown in (a), the groove 25 is formed to extend in the axial direction AD. A rod-shaped metal fitting key 30 is provided on each groove 25. The inner portion of the radial direction RD of the fitting key 30 enters the groove 25. The outer portion of the radial direction RD of the fitting key 30 protrudes outward from the radial direction RD of the groove 25. On the inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft portion 10, a groove 15 is formed at a position corresponding to the exposed portion of each fitting key 30. The circumferential length CD of the groove 15 is greater than the circumferential length CD of the fitting key 30. Therefore, a circumferential clearance CP is generated within the groove 15. The clearance CP is provided between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the front end portion 20. The rotating shaft portion 10 is fixed to the output shaft 5, and the front end portion 20 includes a pin portion 21. Therefore, the clearance CP is provided between the output shaft 5 and the pin portion 21. The clearance CP is a gap or substantially a gap. The pin portion 21 is free or substantially free relative to the output shaft 5 within the range of the clearance CP. Figure 1As shown in (b), the front end portion 20 is configured to generate vibration CV in the circumferential direction CD relative to the rotating shaft portion 10 when friction stirring is performed using the clearance CP.

[0097] Furthermore, the rotating component 1 for friction stirring has a clearance AP in the axial direction AD between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the front end portion 20. In other words, the clearance AP is provided between the output shaft 5 and the pin portion 21. The clearance AP is a gap or substantially a gap. The pin portion 21 is free or substantially free relative to the output shaft 5 within the range of the clearance AP. Figure 1 As shown in (a), the pin 21 is configured to vibrate AV relative to the output shaft 5 in the axial direction AD when friction stirring is performed using the clearance AP.

[0098] Furthermore, from the perspective of engagement quality, the clearance AP is preferably set to a degree that allows the tool T containing the pin 21 to detach from the rotating shaft portion 10 together with the chuck C, rather than a tolerance setting that prevents the pin 21 from falling off between the pin 21 and the output shaft 5.

[0099] Figure 2 (a) in the text is a simplified representation. Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the pin 21 and its vicinity of the rotating friction stirring component 1 shown in (a) is shown in the figure.

[0100] The vibrations AV and CV of pin 21 are greater than those of output shaft 5 (see reference). Figure 1 (a) Large amplitude and / or frequency. Figure 2 The double-dotted line in (a) indicates pin 21 when vibrations AV and CV are generated in the plastic flow section PF.

[0101] Region Q is the area involved in the vibrations AV and CV of the pin 21 within the joined component 2. That is, in region Q, plastic flow of the joined component 2 is generated by the rotation of the pin 21. Furthermore, the pin 21 contacts the plastically flowing joined component 2 within the clearances AP and CP. The pin 21 is free or substantially free within the clearances AP and CP. Therefore, passive vibrations AV and CV are generated at the pin 21. Since the vibrations AV and CV of the pin 21 are passive, they not only make it difficult to impede the plastic flow of the joined component 2, but also allow it to synchronize with and amplify the plastic flow.

[0102] The pin 21 has a surface contact portion 24 at a height that contacts the surface of the engaged component 2. The ratio (diameter SD / diameter PD) of the diameter SD of the surface contact portion 24 to the diameter PD of the pin 21 located directly below the surface contact portion 24 (the pin 21 that is further forward than and adjacent to the surface contact portion 24) is 1.8 or less. As a result, the pin 21 has a shoulder 23 with a width small enough to satisfy the ratio (diameter SD / diameter PD) ≤ 1.8.

[0103] Region P is the area near the surface of the joined parts 2. Because the pin 21 has a narrow shoulder 23, it is difficult for the shoulder 23 to obstruct plastic flow. The effects of the vibrations AV and CV of the pin 21 (the effect of less obstruction of plastic flow and amplification) can be obtained more effectively. Due to the small width of the shoulder 23, the heat generated during friction stirring is reduced, but effective plastic flow can be achieved through the effects of the vibrations AV and CV of the pin 21. As a result, friction stirring bonding can be performed at a lower temperature. That is, because the shoulder 23 is narrower, plastic flow is less likely to be obstructed by the shoulder 23, and further amplified plastic flow can be achieved in region P.

[0104] Figure 2 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pin portion and its vicinity of the rotary tool 1' of the comparative example (prior art). The technology disclosed in Patent Documents 1-3 corresponds to this comparative example (prior art).

[0105] During frictional mixing, the rotating tool 1' is subjected to a downward force by an elastic component (not shown). In the figure, F represents the applied force. By using the applied force F to press the rotating tool 1' onto the joined component 2', the insertion depth of the rotating tool 1' into the joined component 2' within the plastic flow section PF' remains constant. At the pin 21', no... Figure 2 Vibrations AV and CV are shown in (a) above. Region Q' is equivalent to Figure 2 In region Q' (a), although the joined component 2' plastically flows around the pin 21', the pin 21' is held in place by the downward force F. As a result, the stationary pin 21' sometimes hinders the plastic flow of the joined component 2'. In addition, the amplification effect of the plastic flow of the joined component 2' cannot be obtained through the stationary pin 21'.

[0106] In the rotary tool 1', the ratio (diameter SD' / PD') is 2 or more. The pin 21' has a wide shoulder 23'. Furthermore, the shoulder 23' is subjected to a downward force F and pressed against the joined parts 2'. Therefore, in region P', plastic flow is hindered by the shoulder 23'. In addition, due to the large width of the shoulder 23', the heat generated during friction stirring is relatively large, making it difficult to perform friction stirring bonding at low temperatures.

[0107] Figure 3 (a) to Figure 3 (t) are schematic cross-sectional views of the rotating component 1 for friction stirring in the modified example. Figure 3 In (a), (s), and (t), H, C, and T respectively represent the retainer, chuck, and tool. For convenience, in Figure 3 (b) to Figure 3 The H, C, and T markers are omitted in (r), but they are the same as... Figure 3 (a), (s), and (t) are the same.

[0108] [ Figure 3 (a) Figure 3 In (a), the friction stirring rotating component 1 is generally equivalent to tool T, the rotating shaft 10 is equivalent to a part of tool T, and the front end 20 is equivalent to a part of tool T.

[0109] The front end portion 20 has an integrally formed base end side portion 22 and a pin portion 21. The front end portion 20 is mounted to the rotating shaft portion 10 by being inserted into a bottomed hole provided on the lower surface of the rotating shaft portion 10. The lower surface of the rotating shaft portion 10 forms a shoulder portion 23. Figure 1 (a) and Figure 1 As shown in (b), a locking key 30 is provided between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the front end portion 20. Thus, the friction stirring rotating component 1 has clearances AP and CP between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the front end portion 20. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is mounted on the chuck C. Since the retainer H and the chuck C are fixedly provided on the output shaft 5, the friction stirring rotating component 1 is mounted on the output shaft 5 via the retainer H and the chuck C.

[0110] [ Figure 3 (b) Figure 3 In (b) shown, the friction stirring rotating component 1 corresponds to the chuck C and the tool T, the rotating shaft portion 10 corresponds to a part of the chuck C and the tool T, and the front end portion 20 corresponds to a part of the tool T. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is mounted on the output shaft 5 via a retainer H. Apart from this, Figure 3 The method in (b) is the same as Figure 3 (a) is the same as in the previous sentence.

[0111] [ Figure 3 (c) Figure 3 In (c), the rotating friction stirring component 1 corresponds to the retainer H, the chuck C, and the tool T; the rotating shaft portion 10 corresponds to a part of the retainer H, the chuck C, and the tool T; and the front end portion 20 corresponds to a part of the tool T. The rotating friction stirring component 1 is mounted on the output shaft 5. Apart from this, Figure 3 The method of (c) in the middle is the same as Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) is the same.

[0112] [ Figure 3 (d) in Figure 3 The friction stirring rotating component 1 shown in (d) has a rotating shaft 10, an intermediate body 40, and a front end 20. The friction stirring rotating component 1 corresponds to a chuck C and a tool T. The rotating shaft 10 corresponds to the chuck C. The intermediate body 40 corresponds to a part of the tool T. The front end 20 corresponds to a part of the tool T. The front end 20 is mounted on the intermediate body 40 by inserting it into a bottomed hole provided on the lower surface of the generally cylindrical intermediate body 40. The lower surface of the intermediate body 40 forms a shoulder 23. A locking key 30 is provided between the intermediate body 40 and the front end 20. However, in… Figure 3 In the example shown in (d), a clearance CP is provided via the interlocking key 30, but no clearance AP is provided. The front end 20 can be positioned relative to the intermediate body 40 in the circumferential direction CD (refer to...). Figure 1 Vibration occurs on the rotating shaft 10. The intermediate body 40 is mounted on the rotating shaft 10 by being inserted into a bottomed hole provided on the lower surface of the rotating shaft 10. Thus, a clearance AP is provided between the rotating shaft 10 and the intermediate body 40. The intermediate body 40 is capable of moving relative to the rotating shaft 10 in the axial direction AD (refer to...). Figure 1 Vibration occurs on the surface. Therefore, the clearances AP and CP provided between the rotating shaft 10 and the front end portion 20 do not necessarily need to be formed by the rotating shaft 10 and the front end portion 20. Alternatively, an intermediate body 40 capable of relative displacement with respect to both the rotating shaft 10 and the front end portion 20 can be sandwiched between them. In this way, the friction stirring rotating component 1 as a whole has clearances AP and CP between the rotating shaft 10 and the front end portion 20.

[0113] [ Figure 3 (e) Figure 3 The friction stirring rotating component 1 shown in (e) is... Figure 3Similarly, (d) includes a rotating shaft 10, an intermediate body 40, and a front end 20. The rotating component 1 for friction stirring corresponds to the retainer H, the chuck C, and the tool T. The rotating shaft 10 corresponds to the retainer H. The intermediate body 40 corresponds to a portion of the chuck C and the tool T. The front end 20 corresponds to a portion of the tool T. Figure 3 In method (e), the position of the clearance AP is related to Figure 3 The (d) in the text is different.

[0114] [ Figure 3 (f) in exist Figure 3 In method (f), the rotating friction stirring component 1 corresponds to the retainer H, the chuck C, and the tool T. The rotating shaft 10 corresponds to the retainer H. The intermediate body 40 corresponds to the chuck C. The front end 20 corresponds to the tool T. The mating key 30 is provided between the intermediate body 40 and the front end 20, thereby providing clearance CP between the intermediate body 40 and the front end 20. Clearance AP is provided between the rotating shaft 10 and the intermediate body 40.

[0115] [ Figure 3 (g) exist Figure 3 In the (g) method, with Figure 3 Unlike (f), a fitting key 30 is provided between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the intermediate body 40, thereby providing clearance CP between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the intermediate body 40. Clearance AP is provided between the intermediate body 40 and the front end portion 20.

[0116] [ Figure 3 [h] exist Figure 3 In the (h) method, with Figure 1 In comparison, the shoulder 23 is wider. The aforementioned ratio is 2 or more. Since the shoulder 23 and the pin 21 are integral, the same vibration occurs in the shoulder 23 as in the pin 21. Therefore, even though the shoulder 23 is wider, it is difficult to impede the plastic flow of the joined parts 2, and the plastic flow can be amplified. In this respect, Figure 3 The (h) method in Figure 2 The comparative example shown in (b) is different. In addition, as mentioned above, the shoulder 23 may also be formed separately from the pin 21 and configured not to rotate with the pin 21.

[0117] [ Figure 3 (i) Figure 3 [j] exist Figure 3 (i) and Figure 3 In the (j) method, with Figure 1 In contrast, the front end of pin 21 has a different shape. Figure 1 The front end of the pin 21 has a truncated cone shape that is thinner at the front end (the truncated cone shape is thinner at the front end than at the base end), and Figure 3 The front end of pin 21 in (i) has an inverted frustum shape with a thicker front end (the front end side is a frustum shape that is thicker than the base end side). Figure 3 The front end of pin 21 in (j) has a cylindrical shape. Thus, the shape of the front end of pin 21 is not particularly limited. Various shapes can be used as the shape of pin 21.

[0118] [ Figure 3 (k) in exist Figure 3 In the (k) method, the ratio is 1.0 and the friction stirring rotating member 1 does not have a shoulder. Since the friction stirring rotating member 1 does not have a rotating shoulder, friction stirring engagement at a lower temperature can be achieved.

[0119] [ Figure 3 (l) in Figure 3 [m] exist Figure 3 In the (l) method, with Figure 1 Unlike other components, the rotating part 1 for friction stirring only has an axial direction AD (see reference). Figure 1 The gap AP on ) . Additionally, in Figure 3 In the (m) method, the rotating component 1 for friction stirring only has a circumferential CD (refer to...). Figure 1 The clearance CP on the friction stirring rotating component 1 can also have clearance in any one of the following directions: axial direction AD, circumferential direction CD, and radial direction RD.

[0120] [ Figure 3 [n] exist Figure 3 In the (n) configuration, the rotating component 1 for friction stirring corresponds to the chuck C and the tool T. The rotating shaft portion 10 corresponds to the chuck C. The front end portion 20 corresponds to the tool T. The front end portion 20 has a pin portion 21 and a base end portion 22 integrally formed. The front end portion 20 is mounted on the rotating shaft portion 10 by moving into a large-diameter bottom hole 17 provided on the lower surface of the rotating shaft portion 10. Since the diameter of the large-diameter bottom hole 17 is larger than the diameter of the base end portion 22, a radial RD (refer to) is provided around the base end portion 22. Figure 1The clearance RP of the front end portion 20 is fixed to the outer surface of the base end portion 22. A lateral through hole 16 is provided in the rotating shaft portion 10 at a position corresponding to the fixed key 31. A clearance CP is provided together with the clearance RP through the lateral through hole 16. That is, the front end portion 20 has clearance CP and clearance RP between itself and the rotating shaft portion 10. The front end portion 20 is able to vibrate relative to the rotating shaft portion 10 in the circumferential direction CD and radial direction RD.

[0121] [ Figure 3 [o] exist Figure 3 In the (o) configuration, the friction stirring rotating component 1 has a rotating shaft portion 10, an intermediate body 40, and a front end portion 20. The friction stirring rotating component 1 corresponds to the retainer H, the chuck C, and the tool T. The rotating shaft portion 10 corresponds to the retainer H. The intermediate body 40 corresponds to the chuck C. The front end portion 20 corresponds to the tool T. The front end portion 20 has a pin portion 21 and a base end side portion 22 integrally formed. The front end portion 20 is mounted on the intermediate body 40 by moving into a large-diameter bottom hole 17 provided on the lower surface of the intermediate body 40. Since the diameter of the large-diameter bottom hole 17 is larger than the diameter of the base end side portion 22, a radial RD (refer to) is provided around the base end side portion 22. Figure 1 The clearance RP of the intermediate body 40 is provided. A fixing key 31 is fixed to the outer surface of the base end side 22. A side through hole 16 is provided in the intermediate body 40 at a position corresponding to the fixing key 31. A clearance CP is provided together with the clearance RP through the side through hole 16. That is, the front end 20 has clearance CP and clearance RP between itself and the intermediate body 40. The front end 20 is able to vibrate in the circumferential direction CD and radial direction RD relative to the intermediate body 40. The intermediate body 40 is mounted on the rotating shaft 10 by inserting it into a bottom hole provided on the lower surface of the rotating shaft 10. Thus, a clearance AP is provided between the rotating shaft 10 and the intermediate body 40. The intermediate body 40 is able to vibrate in the axial direction AD (refer to the reference) relative to the rotating shaft 10. Figure 1 Vibration occurs on the rotating part 1. As described above, the rotating part 1 for friction stirring has clearances AP, CP, and RP between the rotating shaft 10 and the front end portion 20. Therefore, the front end portion 20 can vibrate relative to the rotating shaft 10 in all directions, including the axial direction AD, the circumferential direction CD, and the radial direction RD.

[0122] [ Figure 3 (p) exist Figure 3 In the way of (p), with Figure 1 Compared to the previous method, the clearances AP and CP are not voids, but are filled with liquid 41 (e.g., lubricating oil). This type of friction-stirring rotating component 1 can also achieve the same effect as in the previous method. Figure 2 The vibration of pin 21 described in (a) is related to... Figure 2The approach in (b) is significantly different. That is, the clearances AP and CP are essentially voids. The front end 20 is essentially free within the range of the clearances AP and CP.

[0123] [ Figure 3 [q] exist Figure 3 In the (q) method, with Figure 1 Compared to the previous method, an elastic body 42 (e.g., an O-ring) is provided within the clearance AP between the rotating shaft 10 and the front end portion 20. This friction-stirring rotating component 1 can also achieve the same result as in the previous method. Figure 2 The vibration of pin 21 described in (a) is related to... Figure 2 The approach in (b) is significantly different. That is, the clearances AP and CP are essentially voids. The front end 20 is essentially free within the range of the clearances AP and CP.

[0124] In the above example, the case where the friction stirring rotating member 1 has a rotating shaft portion 10 and a front end portion 20, a clearance is provided between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the front end portion 20, and the front end portion 20 includes a pin portion 21 has been described. However, the friction stirring rotating member 1 is not limited to the above example, and for example, it can be adopted in the following manner.

[0125] [ Figure 3 (r) in exist Figure 3 In the (r) configuration, the friction stirring rotating component 1 corresponds to the chuck C and the tool T. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is integrally constructed and has a pin portion 21 and a shoulder portion 23. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is configured such that a clearance AP is generated between the friction stirring rotating component 1 and the holder H by mounting it on the holder H. Through the clearance AP, during friction stirring, the friction stirring rotating component 1, including the pin portion 21, vibrates relative to the output shaft 5 in the axial direction AD.

[0126] [ Figure 3 (s) exist Figure 3In the manner described in (s), the friction stirring rotating component 1 corresponds to the retainer H. The friction stirring rotating component 1 has a bottomed hole on its lower surface for inserting a chuck C and a tool T. The chuck C and tool T are detachably mounted on the friction stirring rotating component 1 by inserting them into the bottomed hole. The friction stirring rotating component 1 does not have a pin. The pin is contained within the tool T. The friction stirring rotating component 1 has a bottomed hole on its upper surface for receiving an output shaft 5. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is mounted on the output shaft 5 by inserting it into the bottomed hole. The friction stirring rotating component 1 is configured such that when mounted on the output shaft 5, a clearance AP is generated between the output shaft 5 and the friction stirring rotating component 1. As a result, during friction stirring, a clearance AP is generated between the output shaft 5 and the pin of the tool T. The clearance AP allows the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft 5.

[0127] [ Figure 3 [t] exist Figure 3 In the manner described in (t), the friction stirring rotating member 1 has a rotating shaft portion 10 and a front end portion 20. The friction stirring rotating member 1 corresponds to the retainer H. The rotating shaft portion 10 is the upper part of the retainer H and is mounted on the output shaft 5. The front end portion 20 is the lower part of the retainer H and is configured to rotate by the rotation transmitted from the rotating shaft portion 10, and is located at a front end side closer to the rotating shaft portion 10. The chuck C and the tool T are detachably mounted on the front end portion 20. That is, the front end portion 20 does not have a pin, but has a base end side portion 22 configured to detachably mount the pin. Clearances AP and CP are provided between the rotating shaft portion 10 and the front end portion 20, so that the pin can vibrate relative to the rotating shaft portion 10.

[0128] Furthermore, the rotating component 1 for friction stirring is not limited to the examples described above. The rotating component 1 for friction stirring only needs to be configured to generate clearance between the output shaft 5 and the pin 21 when mounted on the output shaft 5, and does not necessarily need to be based on the distinction between components such as the retainer H, the chuck C, and the tool T.

[0129] <Jointing device> One embodiment of the coupling device is Figure 1The coupling device 3 shown in (a) and (b) includes a rotating component 1 for friction stirring. The coupling device 3 has a drive mechanism 4 with an output shaft 5 and a pin 21. The pin 21 has clearances AP and CP between the output shaft 5 and the pin 21, which allow the pin 21 to vibrate AV and CV relative to the output shaft 5. Through the clearances AP and CP, during friction stirring, the vibrations AV and CV of the pin 21 have amplitudes and / or frequencies larger than the vibration (basic vibration) of the output shaft 5. While the coupling device 3 of this embodiment includes a rotating component 1 for friction stirring with clearances AP and CP, the coupling device 3 only needs to have clearance between the output shaft 5 and the pin 21; it is not necessary to include a rotating component 1 for friction stirring.

[0130] <Jointing Method> One embodiment of the joining method can be by Figure 1 The joining device 3 shown in (a) and (b) is used to perform the joining. In this joining method, the pin 21 is rotated by the rotation output from the drive mechanism 4, and the pin 21 is inserted into the joined parts 2 to perform frictional stirring joining of the joined parts 2. In this joining method, during frictional stirring, the joined parts 2 are passively stirred by contact with the plastically flowing joined parts 2, and the pin 21 generates vibrations with an amplitude and / or frequency greater than the basic vibration transmitted from the drive mechanism 4 to the pin 21 by the rotation of the drive mechanism 4.

[0131] In another embodiment of the joining method, the pin 21 is rotated by the rotation output from the drive mechanism 4 and inserted into the joined component 2, thereby performing frictional stirring joining of the joined component 2. In this joining method, feedback control is performed on the drive mechanism 4 so that the output of the drive mechanism 4 varies synchronously with or follows the rotational variation of the pin 21 passively generated due to contact with the plastically flowing joined component 2, and frictional stirring of the joined component 2 is performed. The rotational variation can be detected by conventionally known rotational speed sensors such as rotary transformers or encoders.

[0132] Furthermore, the values, materials, structures, and shapes listed in the above embodiments are merely examples, and different values, materials, structures, and shapes may be used as needed. In the above embodiments, the rotating friction stirring component 1 is located above, and the joined component 2 is located below, with the rotating friction stirring component 1 and the joined component 2 facing each other in the vertical direction. That is, the axial direction is the same as the vertical direction. However, the axial direction does not necessarily need to be the same as the vertical direction. The axial direction is not particularly limited; for example, it can also be horizontal. Additionally, when the axial direction is vertical, the rotating friction stirring component may be located below, and the joined component above. Furthermore, the axial direction does not necessarily need to be fixed. When a joining device is constructed by providing a rotating friction stirring component in the above-described movable device, the axial direction can be changed during operation.

[0133] <Second Implementation> Figure 4 This is a schematic side view of the fixed coupling device according to the second embodiment. The fixed coupling device 3C is a device for coupling the joined parts 2. Figure 4The diagram shows the fixed joining device 3C engaging two joined components 2A and 2B. Furthermore, the Z-direction corresponds to the axial direction of the friction stirring rotating member 1. The X and Y directions are contained within a plane perpendicular to the axial direction and are mutually perpendicular. The aforementioned radial and circumferential directions are also contained within this plane. The fixed joining device 3C includes: a frame 3C-1 for mounting the fixed joining device 3C on a ground surface (not shown); a movable part 3C-2 mounted above the frame 3C-1 and housing a motor and lead screw shaft, etc.; and a platform 3C-3 mounted above the movable part 3C-2. The movable part 3C-2 is configured to change the position of the platform 3C-3 on the frame 3C-1 in the X-direction. A processing part 3C-4 is provided on the frame 3C-1. The processing part 3C-4 includes a motor 3C-5 and the friction stirring rotating member 1. The friction stirring rotating member 1 described in the above embodiment can be used as the friction stirring rotating member 1. The friction stirring rotating member 1 is positioned between the processing unit 3C-4 and the joined member 2. The processing unit 3C-4 can adjust the depth of the pin 21 of the front end 20 of the friction stirring rotating member 1 into the joined member 2 in the Z direction by moving the friction stirring rotating member 1 in the Z direction. The processing unit 3C-4 is equivalent to a position adjustment mechanism. The Z direction is the relative direction between the friction stirring rotating member 1 and the joined member 2. The pin 21 is positioned downwards in the vertical direction. The tilt angle is 0 degrees or substantially 0 degrees. Regarding the tilt angle, since the tilt angle is 0 degrees or substantially 0 degrees, it is not necessary to change the tilt angle setting according to the direction of movement when changing the relative movement direction of the pin 21 and the joined member 2 in the XY direction. "Substantially 0 degrees" means that even if the tilt angle itself is set to 0 degrees, deviations in the tilt angle are permissible due to the installation or removal of the friction stirring rotating member 1 or the pin 21 relative to the output shaft 5, or due to structures for this purpose. The processing unit 3C-4 has a motor 3C-5 as a drive mechanism. The motor 3C-5 has an output shaft 5 and is configured to rotate the output shaft 5. The output shaft 5 is located above the parts 2 to be joined. At the front end of the output shaft 5, a friction stirring rotating member 1 is provided so as to rotate together with the output shaft 5. The stage 3C-3 is configured to hold the parts 2 to be joined. In this embodiment, the stage 3C-3 has a back pad 3C-3' and a holding part 3C-3'' for clamping and fixing the parts 2 (2A, 2B) to be joined onto the stage 3C-3. According to the fixed joining device of this embodiment, a firm and good joining can be achieved. A good joining is, for example, a joining that suppresses the generation of burrs. In addition, it can also be a joining that suppresses the generation of pores. The fixed joining device of this embodiment does not need to have a mechanism or function for deburring.Furthermore, in this embodiment, the moving part 3C-2 can be configured such that, as in this embodiment, linear joining can be performed by moving the stage 3C-3 only in the X direction (one-dimensional); curved joining can be performed by moving the stage 3C-3 in the XY direction (two-dimensional); and curved surface joining can be performed by moving the stage 3C-3 in the XYZ direction (three-dimensional). The moving part 3C-2 has the function of performing friction stirring joining by sequentially changing the position of friction stirring joining. The processing part 3C-4 has the function of adjusting the insertion depth of the pin part 21 into the joined parts 2. Either the moving part 3C-2 or the processing part 3C-4 may have both functions. In this case, the other unit may not have this function. In addition, the fixed joining device 3C may also have a control unit. The operation of the moving part 3C-2 and / or the processing part 3C-4 can be controlled according to the instructions from the control unit. The operation of the moving part 3C-2 and / or the processing part 3C-4 can also be manually operated by an operator. The control unit may also include a storage unit (not shown) that stores data such as parameters related to the operation of the moving part 3C-2 and / or the processing part 3C-4. Additionally, the fixed coupling device 3C may also include a detection unit (not shown) that detects the rotational state of the pin 21. As the detection unit, any sensor capable of detecting at least one parameter related to the rotational state of the pin 21 is acceptable; there are no particular limitations. Examples of such parameters include rotational speed, rotational angle, and rotational torque. Thus, the aforementioned feedback control can also be performed.

[0134] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Rotating component for friction stirring 2. Joined components 3. Connecting device 4. Drive mechanism 5. Output shaft (of the drive mechanism) 10 Rotating shaft 15 slots 16 side through holes 17 Large diameter bottomed hole 20 Front end Sales Department 21 22. Basement lateral portion 23 Shoulders 24 Surface contact area 25 slots 30 interlocking keys 31 Fixed key 40 intermediates 41 Liquid 42. Elastomers.

Claims

1. A fixed joining device for friction stirring joining of parts to be joined, characterized in that, The fixed coupling device has: A stage for holding the joined components; The drive mechanism has an output shaft positioned above the engaged member and is configured to rotate the output shaft. A rotating component for friction stirring is mounted on the output shaft to rotate together with the output shaft; as well as The position adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the insertion depth of the friction stirring rotating component relative to the joined component in the Z direction, where the Z direction is the relative direction between the friction stirring rotating component and the joined component. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, when mounted on the output shaft of the drive mechanism, a clearance is generated between the output shaft and the pin that is inserted into the engaged component during friction stirring, allowing the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft.

2. The fixed coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed joining device also has a moving mechanism, which is configured to move the rotating friction stirring member relative to the joined member in at least one of the X, Y and Z directions to perform friction stirring joining of the joined member, wherein the X and Y directions are perpendicular to the Z direction and to each other.

3. The fixed coupling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The forward tilt angle of the output shaft and the rotating component for friction stirring is 0 degrees.

4. The fixed coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft.

5. The fixed coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rotating component for friction stirring has: A rotating shaft portion is disposed on the output shaft; and The front end portion is configured to rotate by rotation transmitted from the rotating shaft portion, and is located at a position further forward than the rotating shaft portion. The front end portion may have the pin portion and a base end side portion provided on the base end side of the pin portion, or it may not have the pin portion, but may have a base end side portion configured to detachably mount the pin portion. The clearance is provided between the rotating shaft and the front end portion so that the pin portion can vibrate relative to the rotating shaft. The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin portion during friction stirring has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the rotating shaft portion.

6. The fixed coupling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pin has a surface contact portion at a height that contacts the surface of the engaged component. The ratio of the diameter of the surface contact portion to the diameter of the pin portion that is further forward and adjacent to the surface contact portion is 1.8 or less. Thus, the pin portion is configured to have a shoulder portion with a width small enough to satisfy the ratio, or to have no shoulder portion.

7. The fixed coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured to passively generate vibration of the pin portion by contact with the plastically flowing joined component within the clearance range.

8. The fixed coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured to generate vibration of the pin in at least one of the axial, circumferential, and radial directions through the clearance.

9. The fixed coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The rotating component for friction stirring is configured such that the pin is free or substantially free relative to the output shaft within the clearance range.

10. The fixed coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The clearance is a void or is essentially a void.

11. A fixed joining device for friction stirring joining of joined parts, characterized in that, The fixed coupling device has: A stage for holding the joined components; The drive mechanism has an output shaft positioned above the engaged member and is configured to rotate the output shaft. The pin is configured to rotate by rotation transmitted from the drive mechanism and be inserted into the engaged component during frictional stirring; as well as The position adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the insertion depth of the pin relative to the engaged member in the Z direction, where the Z direction is the relative direction between the pin and the engaged member. The pin is configured to have a clearance between the output shaft and the pin, the clearance being configured to allow the pin to vibrate relative to the output shaft.

12. The fixed coupling device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The pin is configured such that, through the clearance, the vibration of the pin during frictional agitation has a larger amplitude and / or frequency than the vibration of the output shaft.

13. A fixed joining device for friction stirring joining of joined parts, characterized in that, The fixed coupling device has: A stage for holding the joined components; The output shaft is positioned above the engaged component; The drive mechanism is configured to rotate the output shaft; A pin is provided on the front end side of the output shaft; The control unit controls the drive mechanism to rotate the pin by the rotation output from the drive mechanism and insert the pin into the joined parts to perform friction stirring engagement of the joined parts; as well as The detection unit detects the rotational state of the pin. The control unit performs feedback control of the drive mechanism based on the rotational state of the pin detected by the detection unit, so that the output of the drive mechanism changes synchronously or in accordance with the rotational variation of the pin caused passively by contact with the plastically flowing joined component, and performs frictional stirring on the joined component.

14. A joining member, characterized in that, The joining component is manufactured using the fixed joining device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The joining member according to claim 14, characterized in that, The connecting component is used in any of the following vehicles: automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, and rockets.

16. The joining member according to claim 14, characterized in that, The bonding component is applied to any one of the following: electrode components, air conditioning equipment, water-cooled or air-cooled power control units, water-cooled or air-cooled battery boxes, door panels, shock absorbers, suspension links, waveguides, antennas, motor covers, brewing tanks, vacuum device components, sputtering targets, and embedded heaters.

17. The mating member according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The joining component is a component manufactured by friction stirring and joining multiple plates of different thicknesses, or by friction stirring and joining multiple components made of different materials.

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