Sheet metal element of motor active element

Abstract

The invention relates to a sheet metal element (1) for an active element (2) of an electric machine, comprising a rotational shaft (3), a first radial region (41), which region is dependent on the implementation of an electromagnetic function, and a first stamped pattern (51), which is arranged in the first radial region (41) and in particular comprises a recess (6) for receiving an electromagnetic element and a region for conducting a magnetic flux, the invention relates to a first radial region (42), which is associated with the assembly of sheet metal elements, in which a second stamped pattern (52) is formed in the second radial region (42), said second stamped pattern (52) having a first pattern (91) comprising a plurality of first grooves (61) arranged along a circular orbit concentrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation (3), said first grooves (61) having a plurality of second grooves (62) arranged along a circular orbit concentrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation (3), and said second radial region (42) having a plurality of second grooves (62) arranged along a circular orbit concentrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation (3). The first stamping pattern (52) includes a first pattern (91) including a plurality of circumferentially adjacent first grooves (61) spaced at a first angle WB1, and the second stamping pattern (52) includes a second pattern (92) including a plurality of second grooves (62) arranged along a circular orbit concentric with the rotating shaft (3), and a second pattern (9) including a plurality of second grooves (62) arranged along a circular orbit concentric with the rotating shaft (3), and a second pattern (9) including a second angle WB2 spaced at a second angle WB2. Wherein the first angle WB1 is different from the second angle WB2. The invention also relates to a motor active element (2).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a sheet metal component for an active element of a motor, comprising a rotating shaft, a first radial region associated with realizing electromagnetic functions, and a first stamped pattern disposed in the first radial region, the first stamped pattern particularly including grooves for receiving electromagnetic components and regions for guiding magnetic flux, and having a multi-rotationally symmetrical structure relative to the rotating shaft. The invention also relates to an active element of a motor comprising a first sheet metal stack and a second sheet metal stack, each stack comprising a plurality of sheet metal components.

[0002] In motor vehicles, electric motors or electric motors are increasingly being used as drive units to replace internal combustion engines that require fossil fuels. Significant efforts have been made to improve the everyday usability of electric drives and provide users with familiar driving comfort.

[0003] Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PSMs), as an example, are widely used in many industrial fields, and their application in the automotive industry is increasing with the advancement of electrification. These PSMs typically consist of a stator that requires energization and a rotor excited by permanent magnets; these two are called the driving elements of the PSM, or more broadly, the driving elements of the motor. PSMs come in both internal rotor and external rotor types (with the stator located internally). To obtain the best possible uniform operating characteristics, the stator's electromagnetic windings are divided into multiple winding segments, which are arranged circumferentially according to the phase of the current used. Modern synchronous motors typically operate in a three-phase power grid, providing high torque. In this case, the number of electromagnetic windings is an integer multiple of three. The number of magnetic poles formed on the rotor is matched to the winding method of the stator electromagnetic coils. The ratio of the number of rotor magnetic poles to the number of stator electrodes also affects the uniform operating characteristics of the motor. Two adjacent magnetic poles on the rotor together form a so-called pole pair.

[0004] Due to the magnetic force, a noticeable cogging effect occurs when the rotor of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is manually rotated while it is de-energized. However, a more challenging aspect of this type of synchronous motor's operating characteristics is the similar effect that occurs under energized load conditions, known as load pulsation, torque fluctuation, or "ripple torque." When the motor is unloaded (with little or no torque output) and the number of pole pairs is sufficiently high, load pulsation is almost imperceptible. But when the motor is running under high torque output, the load pulsation becomes a very noticeable periodic torque fluctuation. Torque fluctuations typically exhibit a sinusoidal waveform, corresponding to the higher harmonics of torque changes at the pole pairs.

[0005] Because load ripple can cause interference in many applications, especially those requiring high uniformity, various methods exist to reduce it. For example, load ripple can be offset by reverse-regulating the input current. This electronic control, combined with a fast-response control circuit, can effectively reduce load ripple in motors with low speeds and small load variations. However, when motor control needs to compensate for rapidly changing loads at high speeds, conventional control circuits are no longer able to eliminate load ripple simultaneously at a reasonable cost.

[0006] Another practical solution is to reduce load pulsation by tilting the rotor poles relative to the stator poles. In permanent magnet synchronous motors, the permanent magnets on the rotor are arranged at an angle relative to the shaft. This tilt ensures that the entire cross-section of the poles is never perfectly aligned, which reduces maximum torque and smooths out load pulsation.

[0007] Existing technologies include motor rotors designed to reduce torque ripple. For example, several rotor design schemes for reducing torque ripple are presented on the website https: / / etn-demeter.eu / rotor-shaping-technologies-for-permanent-magnet-electrical-machines / .

[0008] In the prior art, a concept known as rotor skew is used to combine multiple rotor segments connected in series along the axial direction and twisted at a certain angle to each other into a single rotor. The rotor segments can twist relative to each other at a certain angle.

[0009] Several rotor skew designs are known. In linear skew, the skew of the same polarity magnetic poles extends linearly along the axial direction from the first rotor segment to the last rotor segment. In addition, there is a V-shaped rotor skew, in which the magnetic poles are oriented in a V-shape.

[0010] In many cases, the rotor of an electric motor is assembled from rotor laminations or lamination stacks. As mentioned above, for the normal operation of the electric motor, the specific skewness or relative angular position between the rotor laminations or lamination stacks is crucial for smooth operation. Therefore, during rotor assembly, this skewness must be reliably and accurately set, and the rotor laminations or lamination stacks must be assembled onto the rotor shaft at this predetermined skewness. Furthermore, it should be ensured that the correctly set skewness is maintained during motor operation.

[0011] According to DE102018112195 A1, in order to anchor the rotor laminations (preferably all rotor laminations) to each other, cup-shaped or cap-shaped through-structures are provided, which are recessed on one side of the rotor lamination and protruded on the other side. These structures are dimensionally matched to each other for easy fixation. That is, by providing recesses or protrusions on the respective sides of the rotor laminations, the implementation of the slope between the individual rotor laminations / stacks is simplified.

[0012] The need to reduce rotor torque fluctuations by adjusting rotor skewness persists.

[0013] Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a sheet metal component for a motor driving element (especially a rotor) that reduces torque ripple, thereby improving rotor smoothness and lifespan. Furthermore, this invention also aims to achieve a low-cost driving element, especially a rotor.

[0014] According to a first aspect of the invention, this objective is achieved by a sheet metal element of an electric motor driving element (especially a rotor), the element including a rotating shaft. Furthermore, the sheet metal element includes a first radial region associated with realizing an electromagnetic function, and a first stamped pattern disposed in the first radial region, the first stamped pattern particularly including grooves for receiving electromagnetic elements and regions for guiding magnetic flux, and exhibiting a multi-rotational symmetry structure relative to the rotating shaft. The sheet metal element also includes a second radial region associated with the assembly of the sheet metal element, wherein a second stamped pattern is formed in the second radial region, the second stamped pattern having a first pattern. The first pattern includes a plurality of first grooves arranged along circular tracks concentric with the rotating shaft. The first grooves in the first pattern are circumferentially adjacent and spaced apart by a first angle WB1. The second stamped pattern also includes a second pattern. The second pattern includes a plurality of second grooves arranged along circular tracks concentric with the rotating shaft. The second grooves in the second pattern are circumferentially adjacent and spaced apart by a second angle WB2. The first angle WB1 is different from the second angle WB2.

[0015] The beneficial effect of this is that, due to the two angles WB1 and WB2 defined by the first and second patterns, sheet metal components for different applications can be realized using the same second stamping pattern, especially rotor laminations for sheet metal stacks, and particularly rotor bodies for different applications. In other words, the same sheet metal component can be used for sheet metal stacks of different active components. Therefore, different misalignments can be achieved using the second stamping pattern, as the first or second groove forms misalignment holes.

[0016] In a particularly preferred embodiment, sheet metal elements form a rotor for an electric motor, particularly suitable for drive systems of hybrid or pure electric vehicles. The rotor comprises multiple rotor bodies stacked from sheet metal elements, the rotor bodies torsion relative to each other about a common axis of rotation. The rotor has a misalignment angle α defined by the total torsion of all rotor bodies, and the rotor bodies are fitted with permanent magnets. The sheet metal elements are essentially of equal-sized construction and have windows for accommodating the permanent magnets. Each sheet metal element has C misalignment holes for positioning the mutually torsioned rotor bodies, where for an even number A rotor bodies, C = [A / 2]. The misalignment holes are formed by grooves of a first or second pattern. The rotor bodies can be fixed together circumferentially by pins passing through corresponding misaligned holes. The rotor bodies have a relative misalignment angle WA, where WA = [α / {A-1}]. The mirror symmetry axes all pass through the rotor's rotation axis, causing the magnetic poles defined by the permanent magnets to be arranged symmetrically about a certain mirror symmetry axis in the circumferential direction. The angle β between two adjacent mirror symmetry axes in the circumferential direction is 360 / P, where P is the number of magnetic poles. Each rotor body has a position number X corresponding to its position in the rotor's axial sequence. For X < [A / 2], the included angle WB between two adjacent misaligned holes on either side of the mirror symmetry axis is WB = WA * [{A / 2-X} + {1 / 2}]. If the misaligned hole is formed by a groove of the first pattern, then WA = WA1; if the misaligned hole is formed by a groove of the second pattern, then WA = WA2. During rotor body assembly, the rotor laminations of different rotor bodies can be stamped in both the stamping and reverse stamping directions to achieve the required misalignment angle.

[0017] In another particularly preferred embodiment, sheet metal elements form a rotor for an electric motor, particularly suitable for drive systems of hybrid or pure electric vehicles. The rotor comprises multiple rotor bodies stacked from sheet metal elements, which torsion relative to each other about a common axis of rotation. The rotor has a misalignment angle α defined by the total torsion of all rotor bodies, and the rotor bodies are fitted with permanent magnets. The sheet metal elements are essentially of equal-sized construction and have windows for accommodating the permanent magnets. Each sheet metal element has C misalignment holes for positioning the mutually torsioned rotor bodies. For an odd number A rotor bodies, C = [{A-1} / 2] + 1. The misalignment holes are formed by grooves of a first or second pattern. The rotor bodies can be fixed together circumferentially by pins passing through corresponding misaligned holes. The rotor bodies have a relative misalignment angle WA, where WA = [α / {A-1}]. The mirror symmetry axes all pass through the rotor's rotation axis, causing the magnetic poles defined by the permanent magnets to be arranged symmetrically about a certain mirror symmetry axis in the circumferential direction. The angle β between two adjacent mirror symmetry axes in the circumferential direction is 360 / P, where P is the number of magnetic poles. Each rotor body has a position number X corresponding to its position in the rotor's axial sequence. For X < [{{A-1} / 2}] + 1, the included angle WB between two adjacent misaligned holes on either side of the mirror symmetry axis is WB = WA * [{A-1} / 2 + 1 - X]. If the misaligned hole is formed by a groove of the first pattern, then WA = WA1, WB = WB1; if the misaligned hole is formed by a groove of the second pattern, then WA = WA2, WB = WB2. During rotor body assembly, the rotor laminations of different rotor bodies can be stamped in both the stamping and reverse stamping directions to achieve the required misalignment angle.

[0018] Particularly preferred is that the first pattern and the second pattern, as well as the corresponding angles WB1 or WB2, can be determined according to the preferred embodiment described above. Therefore, both patterns are provided with grooves forming misaligned holes, respectively suitable for an odd or even number A rotor bodies.

[0019] Particularly preferred is that the first pattern has a groove for forming misaligned holes suitable for an odd number of A rotor bodies, and the second pattern has a groove for forming misaligned holes suitable for an even number of A rotor bodies, or the first pattern has a groove for forming misaligned holes suitable for an even number of A rotor bodies, and the second pattern has a groove for forming misaligned holes suitable for an odd number of A rotor bodies.

[0020] Alternatively, angles WB1 or WB2 can be equal to the corresponding relative misalignment angles WA1 or WA2, respectively.

[0021] The elements of the present invention will be described below according to their relevance or order of appearance in the claims, and particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described.

[0022] In this application, the motor driving element specifically refers to the rotor or stator of the motor, since there is an electromechanical interaction between the rotor and the stator.

[0023] The rotor is the rotating part of an electric motor. Specifically, the rotor includes a rotor shaft and one or more rotor bodies composed of laminated rotor laminations, which are rotatably fixed to the rotor shaft. The rotor shaft can be hollow, which reduces weight and allows for the delivery of lubricant or coolant to the rotor body.

[0024] In this invention, the rotor body refers to a rotor without a rotor shaft. Therefore, the rotor body is particularly composed of rotor laminations, permanent magnets embedded in or circumferentially fixed to the rotor laminations, and (if any) axial cover plates for enclosing the cavities.

[0025] The permanent magnet is preferably embedded in the cavity of the rotor lamination stack. Each cavity can be equipped with a large rod-shaped rotor magnet or multiple smaller permanent magnet elements as rotor magnets.

[0026] The rotor preferably comprises multiple rotor bodies. Particularly preferred is that the rotor bodies are substantially of equal parts, especially substantially identical. Most preferred is that the rotor bodies are composed of equal parts, especially substantially identical rotor laminations. Therefore, the rotor bodies are preferably composed of rotor lamination stacks, which are formed by stacking, bundling, and packaging multiple single laminations or rotor laminations, typically made of electrical steel. The single laminations can be held together in the rotor lamination stack by bonding, welding, or screwing. The rotor lamination stack may also include embedded cavities or permanent magnets circumferentially fixed to the rotor lamination stack.

[0027] The motor driving element of the present invention is particularly suitable as the rotor in a motor. It is typically used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and / or vice versa. A motor typically includes a fixed part called a stator, frame, or armature, and a movable part relative to the fixed part called a rotor or rotating body.

[0028] For electric motors used in rotating machinery, a distinction is made between radial flux motors and axial flux motors. A radial flux motor is characterized by magnetic field lines extending radially in the air gap between the rotor and stator, while an axial flux motor's magnetic field lines extend axially. The rotor of this invention is preferably used in a radial flux motor. The stator of a radial flux motor is typically a cylindrical structure, usually composed of mutually insulated and stacked electrical steel sheets, packaged into sheet metal layers. Grooves or circumferentially closed recesses are arranged parallel to the rotor shaft within the electrical steel sheets, distributed circumferentially, to accommodate stator windings or portions thereof. Depending on the structural design, the slots can be closed by closing elements (such as closing wedges, cover plates, etc.) to prevent stator windings from detaching.

[0029] The motor drive element of the present invention is particularly suitable for motor rotors in hybrid or pure electric vehicle drive systems.

[0030] In particular, the motor is designed to allow vehicle speeds greater than 50 km / h, preferably greater than 80 km / h, and especially greater than 100 km / h. A motor power greater than 30 kW is particularly preferred, more preferably greater than 50 kW, and especially greater than 70 kW. A motor speed greater than 5,000 rpm is even more preferred, particularly greater than 10,000 rpm, and most preferably greater than 12,500 rpm.

[0031] In this application, a motor vehicle refers to a land vehicle that is driven by mechanical power and does not rely on rails. Motor vehicles may be selected from passenger cars (PKW), trucks (LKW), mopeds, light vehicles, motorcycles, buses (KOM), or tractors, etc.

[0032] In this application, the term "motor vehicle drive system" refers to all components in a vehicle that generate driving force and transmit power to the road surface through the wheels.

[0033] According to one embodiment, each first groove of the first pattern has a first axis of symmetry perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the first groove is mirror-symmetric about the first axis of symmetry. Each second groove of the second pattern has a second axis of symmetry perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the second groove is mirror-symmetric about the second axis of symmetry.

[0034] The advantage of this structure is that the groove forming the misaligned hole can be penetrated axially by a rod-shaped tool, thereby achieving misalignment between the stamping direction and the reverse stamping direction.

[0035] According to a further embodiment, at least one first groove of a first pattern and a second groove of a second pattern together form a combined groove.

[0036] Preferably, the combined grooves can be manufactured at low cost using stamping tools, thereby reducing the cutting edges. Furthermore, the second radial region has higher space utilization, which helps improve the strength of sheet metal components and reduces radial space requirements.

[0037] According to a further embodiment, in the combined groove, the first axis of symmetry of the first groove coincides with the second axis of symmetry of the second groove.

[0038] However, not every combination of grooves meets this condition. Depending on the selection of angles WA1 and WA2 and the number of the first and second grooves, some or more combination grooves may meet this condition.

[0039] According to a further embodiment, each first groove of the first pattern and a second groove of the second pattern together form a combined groove.

[0040] Therefore, the combined groove can be manufactured at low cost using stamping tools, thereby reducing the cutting edges. Furthermore, the second radial region has higher space utilization, which helps improve the strength of sheet metal components and reduces radial space requirements. Depending on the selection of angles WA1 and WA2 and the number of first and second grooves, the number of first and second grooves may vary; therefore, not every second groove forms a combined groove with a first groove.

[0041] According to a further embodiment, the first groove or the second groove is an elongated hole structure extending in the radial direction.

[0042] In a particularly preferred embodiment, sheet metal elements form a rotor for an electric motor, particularly suitable for drive systems of hybrid or pure electric vehicles. The rotor comprises multiple rotor bodies stacked from sheet metal elements, each fitted with a permanent magnet. The rotor bodies torsion relative to each other about a common axis of rotation, thus giving the rotor a misalignment angle α defined by the total torsion of all rotor bodies. Each sheet metal element has at least one first misalignment hole that can be axially penetrated by a rod-shaped tool. This hole allows adjustment of the relative misalignment of two axially adjacent rotor bodies, and the first misalignment holes within the rotor are aligned to form a channel extending axially along the rotor. The first misalignment holes have a non-circular profile and a length extension in the radial direction. This ensures sufficiently high circumferential positioning accuracy of the sheet metal elements to meet the torsional tolerances between the sheet metal stacks. Furthermore, the sheet metal stacks are easy to assemble and can compensate for different length expansions of the sheet metal stacks and tools at different temperatures. The preferred rotor therefore has a misalignment hole pattern in the sheet metal elements, which defines the misalignment of the rotor bodies very precisely.

[0043] According to one embodiment, each first groove of the first pattern is provided with a first pair of holes, which are located radially on a first axis of symmetry extending through the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the first groove relative to the rotation axis. Each second groove of the second pattern is provided with a second pair of holes, which are located radially on a second axis of symmetry extending through the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the second groove relative to the rotation axis.

[0044] Beneficial effects In a particularly preferred embodiment, a sheet metal element forms the rotor, which therefore has a misalignment hole pattern within the sheet metal element to define the misalignment of the rotor body. The arrangement of the misalignment holes allows the sheet metal element or rotor body to rotate 180° about its diameter, thus achieving the structure with a minimum number of misalignment holes. This 180° rotation of the sheet metal element or rotor body about its diameter not only effectively compensates for rotor imbalance but also allows for the use of relatively simple stamping tools to stamp stator laminations. The stamping pattern includes a second stamping pattern, which comprises the first and second patterns, with grooves in their respective grooves forming the aforementioned misalignment holes and misalignment hole pattern.

[0045] According to one embodiment, each first pair of holes and a second pair of holes together form a combined pair of holes.

[0046] Preferably, the combined holes can be manufactured at low cost using a stamping tool, thereby reducing the cutting edges. Furthermore, the second radial region has higher space utilization, which helps improve the strength of sheet metal components and reduces radial space requirements.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the hole is larger than its corresponding groove, or the combination of holes is larger than its corresponding combination groove.

[0048] The advantage of this structure is that the hole can be penetrated axially by a rod-shaped tool, thereby achieving a misalignment between the stamping direction and the reverse stamping direction.

[0049] According to a further aspect, the motor's driving element, particularly the rotor, includes a first sheet metal stack and a second sheet metal stack, each stack comprising a plurality of sheet metal elements according to the above embodiments and aspects. The sheet metal elements within the first and second sheet metal stacks are coaxially arranged on a rotation axis and aligned on a first stamping pattern and a second stamping pattern. The first and second sheet metal stacks each have a first misalignment hole and an adjacent second misalignment hole, the misalignment holes being formed by a first groove or a second groove. The first sheet metal stack is twisted relative to the second sheet metal stack about the rotation axis, such that the first misalignment hole of the first sheet metal stack aligns with the second misalignment hole of the second sheet metal stack. Therefore, an angle WB1 is formed between the second stamping pattern of the first sheet metal stack and the second stamping pattern of the second sheet metal stack, and a misalignment angle WA1 is formed between the first stamping pattern of the sheet metal elements within the first sheet metal stack and the first stamping pattern of the sheet metal elements within the second sheet metal stack. Alternatively, an angle WB2 is formed between the second stamping pattern of the first sheet metal stack and the second stamping pattern of the second sheet metal stack, and a misalignment angle WA2 is formed between the first stamping pattern of the sheet metal element in the first sheet metal stack and the first stamping pattern of the sheet metal element in the second sheet metal stack.

[0050] Specifically, when achieving linear misalignment, the misalignment angles alpha1 or alpha2 are {A-1}]WA1 or {A-1}]WA2, respectively, where A is the number of sheet metal stacks. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sheet metal elements in the first or second sheet metal stack can be coaxially arranged on the rotation axis and remain consistent on the first stamping pattern, but can be rotated 180° around the rotation axis on the second stamping pattern.

[0051] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this is not intended to limit the overall concept of the invention. Attached image description: Figure 1 Sheet metal components - motor active components.

[0053] Figure 2 shows the active element of the first embodiment, including, for example... Figure 1 The sheet metal components shown.

[0054] Figure 3 shows the active element of the second embodiment, including, for example... Figure 1 The sheet metal components shown.

[0055] Figure 1 A sheet metal component of an electric motor drive element is shown, wherein the drive element 2 is a rotor, and the sheet metal component 1 is, in particular, a rotor lamination. Multiple sheet metal components 1 respectively form a sheet metal stack 11, 12. The multiple sheet metal stacks 11, 12 further form a rotor body. The drive element 2 includes a rotating shaft 3. The sheet metal component 1 includes a first radial region 41, which is related to the realization of electromagnetic functions. A first stamped pattern 51 is provided in this first region 41, the stamped pattern including grooves 6 for accommodating electromagnetic elements (especially magnets), and regions for guiding magnetic flux. The first stamped pattern has a multi-rotational symmetry structure relative to the rotating shaft 3. In this embodiment, the sheet metal component 1 has eight grooves for magnets, thus exhibiting eightfold symmetry.

[0056] The sheet metal component also includes a second radial region 42, which is radially inner to the first region 41 and is associated with the assembly of the sheet metal component. A second stamped pattern 52 is formed in the second region 42. The second stamped pattern 52 includes a first pattern 91 and a second pattern 92. The first pattern 91 includes a plurality of first grooves 61 arranged along a circular track concentric with the rotation axis 3, and these grooves are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction at a first angle WB1. In this embodiment, the angle WB1 is composed of the angle β = [360 / P] (P is the number of magnetic poles, i.e., the number of grooves 6) and the angle WA1 (defined as [α / {A-1}], where A is the number of sheet metal stacks 11, 12 that need to be linearly misaligned, and α is the target misalignment angle of the total torsion of all sheet metal stacks). The second pattern 92 includes a plurality of second grooves 62 arranged along a circular track concentric with the rotation axis 3, and these grooves are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction at a second angle WB2. In this embodiment, angle WB2 is composed of angle β = [360 / P] (P is the number of magnetic poles, i.e., the number of grooves 6) and angle WA2 (defined as [α / {A-1}], where A is the number of sheet metal layers 11 and 12 that need to be linearly misaligned, and α is the target misalignment angle of the total torsion of all sheet metal layers). The first angle WB1 is different from the second angle WB2. In this embodiment, the first pattern 91 includes two first grooves 61, and the second pattern 92 includes three second grooves 62. Each first groove 61 has a first axis of symmetry 71 perpendicular to the rotation axis 3, and the first groove 61 is mirror-symmetric about the axis of symmetry 71; each second groove 62 has a second axis of symmetry 72 perpendicular to the rotation axis 3, and the second groove 62 is mirror-symmetric about the axis of symmetry 72. The first grooves 61 and the second grooves 62 overlap, such that one first groove 61 and one second groove 62 together form a combined groove 63. In this embodiment, the second pattern 52 includes two combined grooves 63. In the combined groove 63 on the right side of the image plane, the first axis of symmetry 71 coincides with the second axis of symmetry 72, so the entire combined groove 63 is mirror symmetric. In addition, all the first and second grooves 61 and 62 are elongated hole structures, with the long axis arranged radially.

[0057] Each first groove 61 is provided with a corresponding first pair of holes 81. Each second groove 62 is provided with a corresponding second pair of holes 82. The holes 81 and 82 are located radially on their respective first or second axes of symmetry 71 and 72 extending through the rotation axis 3, and are located on opposite sides of the first or second grooves 61 and 62 relative to the rotation axis. The corresponding first pair of holes and second pair of holes 82 together form a combined pair of holes 83. The holes 81 and 82 are larger than their corresponding grooves 61 and 62, or the combined pair of holes 83 is larger than its corresponding combined groove 63.

[0058] Figure 2 The active element of the first embodiment is shown, including multiple sheet metal stacks 11, 12, each stack including multiple such... Figure 1The sheet metal element is shown. In the first embodiment, the three sheet metal stacks 11 and 12 are misaligned with each other, and the misalignment is achieved by the first groove 61 (forming the first and second misalignment holes 64 and 65) and the rod-shaped tool 66. The adjacent sheet metal stacks are twisted about the rotation axis 3 at an angle WB1, so that a misalignment angle WA1 is formed between two adjacent sheet metal stacks 11 and 12 relative to the first stamping pattern 51.

[0059] The sheet metal components 1 are coaxially arranged on the rotation axis 3 in their respective sheet metal stacks 11 and 12, and remain consistent on the first and second stamping patterns 51 and 52. Alternatively, the sheet metal components 1 are coaxially arranged on the rotation axis 3 in their respective sheet metal stacks 11 and 12, and remain consistent on the first stamping pattern 51, but can rotate 180° around the rotation axis on the second stamping pattern 52.

[0060] Figure 2 In the first sheet metal stack 11 (marked as section AA) and the second sheet metal stack 12 (marked as section BB), each has a first misalignment hole 64 and an adjacent second misalignment hole 65. A rod-shaped tool 66 passes through the first misalignment hole 64 of the first sheet metal stack 11. The second sheet metal stack 52 is mounted on the first sheet metal stack 51 such that the rod-shaped tool 66 passes through the second misalignment hole of the second sheet metal stack. Therefore, the second sheet metal stack 52 is twisted about a rotation axis relative to the first sheet metal stack 51, such that an angle WB1 is formed between the second stamping pattern 52 of the first sheet metal stack 11 and the second stamping pattern 52 of the second sheet metal stack 11, and a misalignment angle WA1 is formed between the first stamping pattern 51 of the sheet metal element 11 of the first sheet metal stack 11 and the first stamping pattern 51 of the sheet metal element 11 of the second sheet metal stack 11. In the first and second sheet metal stacks 11 and 12, the stamping burrs of the sheet metal element 1 are in the same direction, while... Figure 2 In another sheet metal stack marked as section CC, the stamping burrs are in the opposite direction, meaning that the sheet metal stack or individual sheet metal element is rotated 180° about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis 3. This is also referred to as the stamping direction and the reverse stamping direction mounted on the shaft. In the first embodiment, linear misalignment or rotor skew is achieved.

[0061] Figure 3 The active element of the second embodiment is shown, including multiple sheet metal stacks 11, 12, each stack including multiple such... Figure 1 The sheet metal element is shown. In the first embodiment, five sheet metal stacks 11, 12 are offset from each other, and the offset is achieved by the second groove 62 (forming the first and second offset holes 64, 65) and the rod-shaped tool 66. Adjacent sheet metal stacks are twisted relative to each other about the rotation axis 3 at an angle WB2, so that an offset angle WA2 is formed between two adjacent sheet metal stacks 11, 12 relative to the first stamping pattern 51. In the second embodiment, Figure 3The sheet metal stacks marked with sections AA, BB, and CC are in the stamping direction, while the sheet metal stacks marked with sections DD and EE are in the reverse stamping direction. Therefore, the second embodiment achieves V-shaped misalignment or rotor skewness.

[0062] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1 Sheet metal components 11 First sheet metal stack 12 Second sheet metal stack 2. Active components 3 Rotation axis 41 First radial region 42 Second radial region 51 First stamping pattern 52 Second stamping pattern 6 grooves 61 First Groove 62 Second Groove 63 Combined Grooves 64 First misaligned hole 65 Second misaligned hole 66. Rod-shaped tools 71 First axis of symmetry 72 Second axis of symmetry 81 First pair of holes 82 Second pair of holes 83 Combined Hole 91 First Pattern 92 Second Pattern WA1 First Angle WA2 Second Angle Misalignment angle alpha1 Misalignment angle alpha2

Claims

1. A lamination (1) for use as a driving element (2) of a motor, comprising: Rotation axis (3) The first radial region (41) is related to the realization of electromagnetic functions. A first stamped pattern (51) is disposed in a first radial region (41), the first stamped pattern (51) specifically including a groove (6) for accommodating an electromagnetic element and a region for guiding magnetic flux, and having a multi-rotationally symmetric structure relative to the rotation axis (3), and The second radial region (42) is related to the installation of the lamination. in, A second stamping pattern (52) is formed in the second radial region (42). The second stamping pattern (52) includes the first pattern (91). The first pattern (91) includes a plurality of first grooves (61) arranged along a circular track concentric with the rotation axis (3). In the first pattern (91), the first grooves (61) adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction are separated by a first angle WB1. Furthermore, the second stamping pattern (52) includes the second pattern (92). The second pattern (92) includes a plurality of second grooves (62) arranged along a circular track concentric with the rotation axis (3). In the second pattern (9), the second grooves (62) adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction are spaced apart by a second angle WB2. The first angle WB1 is different from the second angle WB2.

2. The lamination (1) according to claim 1. in, Each first groove (61) of the first pattern has a first axis of symmetry (71) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (3), and the first groove (61) is mirror-symmetrical about the first axis of symmetry (71). Furthermore, each of the second grooves (62) of the second pattern has a second axis of symmetry (72) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (3), and the second groove (62) is mirror-symmetric about the second axis of symmetry (72).

3. The lamination (1) according to any of the preceding claims. in, At least one first groove (61) of a first pattern (91) and a second groove (62) of a second pattern (92) together form a combined groove (63).

4. The lamination (1) according to claim 3. in, In a certain combination of grooves (63), the first axis of symmetry (71) of the first groove (61) coincides with the second axis of symmetry (72) of the second groove (62).

5. The lamination (1) according to claim 3 or 4. in, Each first groove (61) of the first pattern (91) and a second groove (62) of the second pattern (92) together form a combined groove (63).

6. The lamination (1) according to any of the preceding claims. in, The first groove (61) or the second groove (62) is an elongated hole structure extending in the radial direction.

7. The lamination (1) according to any of the preceding claims. in, Each first groove (61) is provided with a first pair of holes (81), which are located on a first axis of symmetry extending through the rotation axis (3) in the radial direction and on the opposite side of the first groove (61) relative to the rotation axis (3). Each second groove (62) is provided with a second pair of holes (82), which are located on a second axis of symmetry extending through the rotation axis (3) in the radial direction and on the opposite side of the second groove (62) relative to the rotation axis (3).

8. The lamination (1) according to claim 7. in, Each first pair of holes (81) together with a second pair of holes (82) forms a combined pair of holes (83).

9. The lamination (1) according to claim 7. in, The hole (81, 82) is larger than its corresponding groove (61, 62), or the combined hole (83) is larger than its corresponding combined groove (63).

10. An active element (2) for use in a motor, The stack includes a first lamination stack (11) and a second lamination stack (12), each stack comprising a plurality of laminations (1), said laminations (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. in, The laminations (1) are coaxially arranged relative to the rotation axis (3) and are consistent on the first stamping pattern (51) and the second stamping pattern (52). The first lamination stack (11) and the second lamination stack (12) each have a first misalignment hole (64) and an adjacent second misalignment hole (65). The misaligned holes (64, 65) are formed by a first groove (61) or a second groove (62). The first lamination stack (11) is twisted about the rotation axis (3) relative to the second lamination stack (11), such that the first misalignment hole (64) of the first lamination stack (11) is aligned with the second misalignment hole (65) of the second lamination stack (12). Thus, an angle WB1 is formed between the second stamping pattern (52) of the first lamination stack (11) and the second stamping pattern (52) of the second lamination stack (11), and a misalignment angle WA1 is formed between the first stamping pattern (51) of the lamination (11) of the first lamination stack (11) and the first stamping pattern (51) of the lamination (11) of the second lamination stack (11). Alternatively, an angle WB2 may be formed between the second stamping pattern (52) of the first lamination stack (11) and the second stamping pattern (52) of the second lamination stack (11), and an angle WA2 may be formed between the first stamping pattern (51) of the lamination (11) of the first lamination stack (11) and the first stamping pattern (51) of the lamination (11) of the second lamination stack (11).

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