Water surface flexible photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention relates to a water surface flexible photovoltaic power station which comprises a floating body plate and a photovoltaic plate, a plurality of universal ball head nuts are arranged on the four edges of the floating body plate at intervals, anchoring assemblies are connected to the universal ball head nuts, and each anchoring assembly comprises a set of symmetrically-arranged flexible anchor cables. Wherein one flexible anchor cable is connected with the universal ball head nut, the other flexible anchor cable is connected with the flexible anchor plate, and the flexible anchor cables are connected through the flexible steel cable. A photovoltaic panel is arranged above the floating body plate and connected with the floating body plate through a double-shaft automatic tracking support, and the function of adjusting the optimal wind dip angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time is achieved. A cleaning assembly is installed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel and used for achieving the effective cleaning function of the surface of the photovoltaic panel. An integrated sensor assembly is arranged above the cleaning assembly; the device has the advantages of being reasonable in structure, capable of calculating the optimal wind dip angle in real time, rapid in posture adjustment and good in cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power station technology, and specifically relates to a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy and the decreasing reliance on traditional fossil fuels, photovoltaic (PV) power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has received widespread attention and development worldwide. Particularly in water-rich regions, building PV power plants on water surfaces not only saves valuable land resources but also leverages the cooling effect of water to improve the efficiency of PV modules and reduce power loss due to temperature. These power plants can float on water and can be constructed in ponds, reservoirs, and rivers, offering advantages such as minimal land occupation and high power generation. Currently, floating PV power plants typically use pile driving in the water to support the flexible PV structure. This pile foundation construction is costly and can severely damage the underwater ecosystem, causing significant problems for future dismantling. Furthermore, in coastal or island areas susceptible to strong typhoons, floating PV power plants face even greater challenges. The severe challenges posed by strong typhoons, including gales, torrential rain, and storm surges, can cause serious physical damage to photovoltaic (PV) facilities and even safety issues. Existing PV power plants, designed to withstand wind, mostly use fixed supports and fixed-tilt PV panels. This approach, on the one hand, results in a large margin in mechanical strength design, leading to resource waste; on the other hand, it cannot adjust the optimal tilt angle of the PV panels based on the wind pressure generated by the wind load on the windward side, minimizing stress and making them susceptible to wind-induced damage to the PV panels and their supports. Furthermore, existing PV power plants lack cleaning capabilities. Over time, dust accumulates on the surface of the PV panels. Failure to clean this dust promptly not only affects the power generation efficiency of the PV panels but may also damage them. Therefore, it is essential to provide a flexible, surface-mounted PV power plant with a reasonable structure, real-time calculation of the optimal tilt angle, rapid attitude adjustment, and good cleaning performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (I) Technical Solution

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a flexible photovoltaic power station with a reasonable structure, real-time calculation of the optimal wind tilt angle, rapid attitude adjustment, and good cleaning effect.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface, comprising a floating plate and a photovoltaic panel. Multiple universal ball joint nuts are spaced apart on all four sides of the floating plate, and each universal ball joint nut is connected to an anchoring assembly. Each anchoring assembly includes a set of symmetrically arranged flexible anchor cables, one of which is connected to a universal ball joint nut, and another is connected to a flexible anchoring plate. The flexible anchor cables are connected to each other using flexible steel cables. The photovoltaic panel is positioned above the floating plate and connected to it via a dual-axis automatic tracking bracket, enabling real-time adjustment of the photovoltaic panel's optimal wind tilt angle. A cleaning assembly is installed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel for effective cleaning. An integrated sensor assembly is positioned above the cleaning assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the flexible anchor cable includes a double-ended screw, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the double-ended screw. Limiting washers are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the first spring. A positioning nut and a shock absorber are respectively provided on the outer side of the limiting washers. The upper threaded part of the double-ended screw is threadedly connected to a universal ball head nut and locked by an R-pin. The lower threaded part passes through the shock absorber and is threadedly connected to a wire locking device. The wire locking device is fixedly connected to the flexible steel cable and locked by an R-pin.

[0007] In this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, only the anchoring components on both sides of the floating plate are depicted in their installation state; the other two sides are not shown. A set of flexible anchor cables is symmetrically arranged. The upper flexible anchor cable is connected to the universal ball head nut via the upper threaded part of the double-ended screw. The universal ball head nut is movably connected to the floating plate. This structure can effectively cope with and reduce the impact of water surface waves and other fluctuations on the photovoltaic power station, allowing the photovoltaic power station to move in all directions in accordance with the waves and reduce the impact force of the waves. The locking devices of the flexible anchor cables are symmetrically arranged and connected with flexible steel cables to provide tensile support for the flexible photovoltaic power station on the water surface, preventing it from moving due to the impact of sea waves. This achieves convenient tensile support for the flexible photovoltaic power station on the water surface and prevents it from moving due to the impact of sea waves. The anchoring components are connected to the flexible anchoring plate, positioning the flexible support body on the water surface, avoiding pile driving, reducing construction costs, avoiding damage to the underwater ecological environment due to pile foundation construction, and avoiding trouble for future dismantling.

[0008] Furthermore, the flexible anchor plate includes a threaded seat, which is threaded to one end of a double-ended screw. An anchor block is provided below the threaded seat. The threaded seat and the anchor block are connected by a plurality of dampers arranged in a circumferentially evenly spaced array. A second spring is fitted on the outside of each damper.

[0009] In this invention, such as Figure 7As shown, the flexible anchor plate is connected to the floating plate through anchor components and flexible steel cables, positioning the photovoltaic power station on the water surface. This prevents the station from floating over a large water surface area due to factors such as wind, waves, and tides, ensuring a reliable connection of the photovoltaic modules. The flexible anchor plate is based on a spring-damped dual-control prestressed anchor, using both spring and damping tension devices to lock and anchor, improving the prestressing tension effect and ensuring the safety of the water surface photovoltaic power station.

[0010] Furthermore, the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket includes a channel steel base fixedly installed on the upper surface of the floating plate, a column square tube installed above the channel steel base, a main shaft square tube installed at the top of the column square tube, the column square tube being connected to the main shaft square tube through a dual-axis adjustment mechanism, C-shaped steel purlins being installed on both the left and right sides of the upper surface of the main shaft square tube, the C-shaped steel purlins being fixedly connected to the main shaft square tube by purlin clamps, a set of frames being installed above the C-shaped steel purlins; a fixing plate being installed in the middle of the side of the column square tube, and a control box being installed on the fixing plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the dual-axis adjustment mechanism includes a bracket fixing seat installed at the top of the column square tube, a bushing installed inside the bracket fixing seat, a bracket plate provided above the bracket fixing seat, a first sleeve and a second sleeve respectively provided at the left and right ends of the main shaft square tube, and both the first sleeve and the second sleeve are fixedly connected to the bracket plate; the first sleeve is rotatably connected to the bushing through a shaft, and both the first sleeve and the second sleeve are provided with a split square tube bearing seat inside, the split square tube bearing seat is fixedly connected to the main shaft square tube, and the main shaft square tube can rotate relative to the first sleeve and the second sleeve through the split square tube bearing seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the second sleeve is hinged to the elevation angle adjustment cylinder, and the power end of the elevation angle adjustment cylinder is connected to the column square tube through the elevation angle push rod seat; a swing arm fixing component is provided at one end of the main shaft square tube near the first sleeve, and a swing arm is fixedly connected to the swing arm fixing component. The swing arm is connected to the power end of the swing angle adjustment cylinder, and the other end of the swing angle adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected to the bent part of the bracket plate by the swing angle push rod fixing block.

[0013] In this invention, the photovoltaic panel utilizes a dual-axis automatic tracking bracket to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time based on the calculated optimal wind tilt angle. The dual-axis automatic tracking bracket uses an elevation adjustment cylinder and a swing angle adjustment cylinder to quickly adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, achieving a north-south rotation angle of 0-45 degrees and an east-west rotation angle of ±45 degrees. This enables real-time tracking of the optimal wind tilt angle, minimizing the wind pressure value on the photovoltaic panel and thus minimizing the force, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the water surface photovoltaic power station.

[0014] Furthermore, the control box is electrically connected to the integrated sensor assembly, which includes an attitude sensor, an altimeter, a wind speed sensor, and a wind direction sensor. The control box has a built-in real-time optimal wind tilt angle calculation module and a dynamic balance adjustment module. The real-time optimal wind tilt angle calculation module establishes a wind load value model based on data collected by the integrated sensor assembly and performs real-time correction and optimization to obtain the optimal wind tilt angle for the current photovoltaic panel. The dynamic balance adjustment module uses the attitude sensor to monitor the photovoltaic panel's status and actual tilt angle in real time, compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle, and controls the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket to adjust the photovoltaic panel's tilt angle. The specific steps are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: Data Acquisition and Preprocessing: Collect current environmental data based on altimeter, wind speed sensor, and wind direction sensor, and perform preliminary data processing including outlier removal and filtering.

[0016] Step 2: Wind pressure calculation: Calculate the wind pressure using Bernoulli's formula;

[0017] Step 3: Construct a wind load model: Determine the relationship between the shape factor and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel through numerical simulation and theoretical calculation;

[0018] Step 4: Wind load calculation: Calculate the current standard value of wind load;

[0019] Step 5: Real-time correction and optimization: Calculate the wind load on the photovoltaic array in the strong typhoon area and correct the wind load calculation formula;

[0020] Step 6: Calculate the optimal wind tilt angle for the photovoltaic panel: Perform physical modeling on a single photovoltaic panel, adjust the windward tilt angle, simulate wind loads under different operating conditions, analyze wind pressure distribution characteristics, and calculate the optimal wind tilt angle;

[0021] Step 7: Dynamic balance adjustment: Monitor the status and actual tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels in real time, compare them with the optimal wind tilt angle, and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels accordingly;

[0022] Step 8: Real-time monitoring and adjustment: Monitor current environmental data, calculate the optimal wind tilt angle in real time, and adjust the status of the photovoltaic panels.

[0023] Furthermore, the cleaning component includes toothed plates with side grooves on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. Guide plates are snapped onto the outer sides of the toothed plates, and sliding blocks are slidably installed on the guide plates. Upper brackets are provided on the outer surfaces of the sliding blocks, and lower brackets are connected to the upper parts of the upper brackets. The lower brackets are connected to each other by a connecting plate. A drive gear is meshed above each toothed plate, and a driver is axially connected to each drive gear. A mounting frame is installed outside the driver on one side of the cleaning component, and a power component is provided inside the left side of the mounting frame. The power component drives the cleaning mechanism.

[0024] Furthermore, the power assembly includes a servo motor located inside the mounting bracket, the output end of the servo motor is provided with an output gear set, the output gear set is meshed with a first-stage reduction gear set, the first-stage reduction gear set is meshed with a second-stage reduction gear set, and the second-stage reduction gear set is connected to the shaft of the cleaning mechanism.

[0025] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning shaft, one end of which is connected to the shaft of the two-stage reduction gear set and the other end is connected to a shaft seat. The shaft seat is connected to a corresponding lower bracket, and a cleaning roller brush is sleeved and installed on the outside of the cleaning shaft.

[0026] In this invention, the cleaning component is used to clean dust and stains from the surface of the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the cleanliness of the solar panel surface and improving battery efficiency.

[0027] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0028] 1. This invention utilizes a floating plate to support the main body of the photovoltaic power station, and uses anchoring components, flexible steel cables, and flexible anchoring plates to connect with the floating plate, positioning the photovoltaic power station on the water surface. This avoids floating over a large water surface area due to factors such as wind, waves, and tides, ensuring reliable connection of the photovoltaic module's busbar cables. Moreover, it eliminates the need for piling to support the floating plate and photovoltaic power station, reducing construction costs and avoiding damage to the underwater ecological environment caused by pile foundation construction.

[0029] 2. This invention physically models a single photovoltaic panel, analyzes the stress state of the photovoltaic array under strong wind conditions based on the wind load simulation results of a single photovoltaic array and the wind pressure distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic array, and then calculates the optimal wind tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel under the current strong wind environment by simulating the wind load of the entire photovoltaic array.

[0030] 3. The attitude sensor of this invention monitors the current status and actual tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time, compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle, and combines the sensor and automatic control algorithm to optimize and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel by dual-axis automatic tracking support, so that the photovoltaic array can achieve dynamic balance adjustment and ensure the overall stability of the power station under strong typhoon conditions.

[0031] 4. This invention uses a cleaning component to quickly clean dust and other debris from the surface of the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the cleanliness of the solar panel surface and improving battery efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial front view of the structure.

[0034] Figure 3For the present invention Figure 2 A 3D view of the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-axis adjustment mechanism of the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the dual-axis adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram and an exploded view of the overall structure of the flexible anchor cable of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible anchor plate of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Floating plate; 2. Universal ball joint nut; 3. Anchoring assembly; 4. Flexible anchor cable; 41. Double-ended screw; 42. Positioning nut; 43. R-pin; 44. Limiting washer; 45. First spring; 46. Shock absorber; 47. Cable locking device; 5. Flexible steel cable; 6. Flexible anchoring plate; 61. Threaded seat; 62. Anchor block; 63. Damper; 64. Second spring; 7. Photovoltaic panel; 8. Dual-axis automatic tracking bracket; 81. Channel steel base; 82. Column square tube; 83. Dual-axis adjustment mechanism; 31. Bracket fixing seat; 32. Bushing; 33. Bracket plate; 34. First sleeve; 35. Shaft; 36. Second sleeve; 37. Split square tube bearing seat; 38. Elevation angle adjustment cylinder; 39. Elevation angle push rod seat; 301. Swing angle adjustment cylinder; 302. Swing angle push rod fixing block; 303. Swing arm; 304. 84. Swing arm fixing component, 85. Main shaft square tube, 86. C-shaped steel purlin, 87. Purlin clamp, 88. Frame, 9. Fixing plate, 91. Cleaning component, 92. Toothed plate with side groove, 93. Guide plate, 94. Slide block, 95. Upper bracket, 96. Lower bracket, 97. Connecting plate, 98. Drive gear, 99. Driver, 901. Mounting bracket, 101. Power component, 102. Servo motor, 103. Output gear set, 104. First-stage reduction gear set, 902. Second-stage reduction gear set, 201. Cleaning mechanism, 202. Cleaning shaft, 203. Shaft seat, 10. Cleaning roller brush, 20. Integrated sensor assembly, 100. Control box, 200. Slider assembly, 300. Gear, 400. Small gear, 500. Cleaning box, 600. Brass nozzle, 700. Rubber scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and / or accompanying drawings.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface includes a floating plate 1 and a photovoltaic panel 7. Multiple universal ball nuts 2 are spaced apart on all four sides of the floating plate 1. Each universal ball nut 2 is connected to an anchoring assembly 3. The anchoring assembly 3 includes a set of symmetrically arranged flexible anchor cables 4, one of which is connected to a universal ball nut 2, and another is connected to a flexible anchoring plate 6. The flexible anchor cables 4 are connected to each other by flexible steel cables 5. The photovoltaic panel 7 is positioned above the floating plate 1 and is connected to the floating plate 1 via a dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8, enabling real-time adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 7's optimal wind tilt angle. A cleaning assembly 9 is installed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 7 for effective cleaning. An integrated sensor assembly 10 is positioned above the cleaning assembly 9.

[0046] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel of the present invention adopts a double-glass module. Since the environment of the water surface photovoltaic power station is relatively humid, the module is more prone to PID degradation. Therefore, the water surface photovoltaic power station of the present invention uses a double-glass module. This module has high power generation and strong anti-PID performance, and also has fast heat dissipation and small temperature difference. The floating plate of the present invention is made of high-density polyethylene, which is lightweight, has high buoyancy, and has good wind resistance, impact resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0047] The flexible anchor cable 4 includes a double-ended screw 41, and a first spring 45 is sleeved on the outside of the double-ended screw 41. Limiting washers 44 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the first spring 45. A positioning nut 42 and a shock absorber 46 are respectively provided on the outer side of the limiting washers 44. The upper threaded part of the double-ended screw 41 is threadedly connected to the universal ball head nut 2 and locked by an R-pin 43. The lower threaded part passes through the shock absorber 46 and is threadedly connected to the locking device 47. The locking device 47 is fixedly connected to the flexible steel cable 5 and locked by an R-pin 43.

[0048] The flexible anchor plate 6 includes a threaded seat 61, which is threaded to one end of a double-ended screw 41. An anchor block 62 is provided below the threaded seat 61. The threaded seat 61 and the anchor block 62 are connected by a plurality of dampers 63 arranged in a circumferentially evenly spaced array. A second spring 64 is fitted on the outside of each damper 63.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anchoring components, flexible steel cables, and flexible anchor plates collectively constitute a flexible connection structure, reliably positioning the floating plate and photovoltaic power station on the water surface. The upper end of the flexible connection structure is connected to a universal ball joint nut, which is movably connected to the floating plate, allowing the floating plate and photovoltaic power station to sway gently under the influence of wind and waves, thus improving the overall stability of the photovoltaic power station equipment. The photovoltaic power station is entirely supported on the floating plate, creating a new space below the floating plate that can be used for other purposes, facilitating the comprehensive utilization of the water space. The flexible connection structure, composed of the anchoring components, flexible steel cables, and flexible anchor plates, is evenly distributed along the four sides of the floating plate, with multiple sets of this structure on each side. This provides stable and reliable tension, effectively positioning the photovoltaic power station on the water surface, and also provides uniform buoyancy to the floating plate and the photovoltaic power station as a whole, preventing tilting.

[0050] The dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8 includes a channel steel base 81 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the floating plate 1. A column square tube 82 is installed above the channel steel base 81. A main shaft square tube 84 is provided at the top of the column square tube 82. The column square tube 82 is connected to the main shaft square tube 84 through a dual-axis adjustment mechanism 83. C-shaped steel purlins 85 are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper surface of the main shaft square tube 84. The C-shaped steel purlins 85 are fixedly connected to the main shaft square tube 84 by purlin clamps 86. A set of frames 87 is provided above the C-shaped steel purlins 85. A fixing plate 88 is provided in the middle of the side of the column square tube 82. A control box 20 is installed on the fixing plate 88.

[0051] The dual-axis adjustment mechanism 83 includes a bracket fixing seat 31 installed at the top of the column square tube 82. A bushing 32 is installed inside the bracket fixing seat 31. A bracket plate 33 is provided above the bracket fixing seat 31. A first sleeve 34 and a second sleeve 36 are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the main shaft square tube 84. The first sleeve 34 and the second sleeve 36 are both fixedly connected to the bracket plate 33. The first sleeve 34 is rotatably connected to the bushing 32 through a shaft 35. A split square tube bearing seat 37 is provided inside the first sleeve 34 and the second sleeve 36. The split square tube bearing seat 37 is fixedly connected to the main shaft square tube 84, and the main shaft square tube 84 can rotate relative to the first sleeve 34 and the second sleeve 36 through the split square tube bearing seat 37.

[0052] The lower end of the second sleeve 36 is hinged to the elevation adjustment cylinder 38. The power end of the elevation adjustment cylinder 38 is connected to the column square tube 82 through the elevation push rod seat 39. A swing arm fixing member 304 is provided at one end of the main shaft square tube 84 near the first sleeve 34. A swing arm 303 is fixedly connected to the swing arm fixing member 304. The swing arm 303 is connected to the power end of the swing angle adjustment cylinder 301. The other end of the swing angle adjustment cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the bent part of the bracket plate 33 by the swing angle push rod fixing block 302.

[0053] In this embodiment, the working principle of the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket is as follows: When the elevation adjustment cylinder is activated, since the power end of the elevation adjustment cylinder is connected to the column square tube via an elevation push rod seat, and the bracket plate is connected to the bushing via a shaft, when the elevation adjustment cylinder operates, it will drive the bracket plate to rotate relative to the bushing around the axis of the shaft via the end of the elevation adjustment cylinder connected to the bracket plate. The bracket plate will drive the main shaft square tube, C-shaped steel purlin, and the entire frame to rotate and adjust, thereby realizing the elevation and rotation adjustment function of the photovoltaic panel; when the swing adjustment cylinder is activated, since the non-power end of the swing adjustment cylinder is connected to the bent part of the bracket plate via a swing push rod fixing block, and the power end of the swing adjustment cylinder is connected to the swing arm, the swing arm is fixed via the swing arm fixing block. The fixed component is connected to the main shaft square tube, and the main shaft square tube is rotatably connected to the corresponding first or second sleeve through a split square tube bearing seat (which is set up in an upper and lower split and is fixedly connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the main shaft square tube respectively). When the swing angle adjustment cylinder is activated, it will drive the main shaft square tube to rotate relative to the first and second sleeves through the split square tube bearing seat. The main shaft square tube will drive the C-shaped steel purlin and the entire frame to rotate and adjust, thereby realizing the swing rotation adjustment function of the photovoltaic panel. Through the cooperation of the elevation angle adjustment cylinder and the swing angle adjustment cylinder, multi-angle adjustment operation of the photovoltaic panel can be realized, which is convenient to make quick adjustments according to the optimal wind tilt angle and ensure the overall stability and reliability of the photovoltaic power station.

[0054] This invention relates to a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface. In use, the invention utilizes a floating plate 1 to support the main body of the photovoltaic power station, and connects it to the floating plate 1 using anchoring components 3, flexible steel cables 5, and flexible anchoring plates 6. This positions the photovoltaic power station on the water surface, preventing it from floating over a large area due to wind, waves, tides, etc., ensuring reliable connection of the photovoltaic module's busbar cables. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for piling to support the floating plate 1 and the photovoltaic power station, reducing construction costs and avoiding damage to the underwater ecosystem caused by pile foundation construction. This invention also analyzes the stress state of the photovoltaic array under strong wind conditions by physically modeling a single photovoltaic panel 7, based on the wind load simulation results of a single photovoltaic array and the wind pressure distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic array. By simulating the wind load on the entire photovoltaic array, the optimal wind tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels under the current strong wind environment is calculated. The attitude sensor of this invention monitors the current state and actual tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 7 in real time and compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle. Combined with the sensor and the automatic control algorithm, the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8 is controlled to optimize and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic array can achieve dynamic balance adjustment and ensure the overall stability of the power station under strong typhoon conditions. This invention uses a cleaning component 9 to quickly clean the dust and other debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the cleanliness of the solar panel surface and improving battery efficiency. This invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, real-time calculation of the optimal wind tilt angle, rapid attitude adjustment, and good cleaning effect.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface includes a floating plate 1 and a photovoltaic panel 7. Multiple universal ball nuts 2 are spaced apart on all four sides of the floating plate 1. Each universal ball nut 2 is connected to an anchoring assembly 3. The anchoring assembly 3 includes a set of symmetrically arranged flexible anchor cables 4, one of which is connected to a universal ball nut 2, and another is connected to a flexible anchoring plate 6. The flexible anchor cables 4 are connected to each other by flexible steel cables 5. The photovoltaic panel 7 is positioned above the floating plate 1 and is connected to the floating plate 1 via a dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8, enabling real-time adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 7's optimal wind tilt angle. A cleaning assembly 9 is installed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 7 for effective cleaning. An integrated sensor assembly 10 is positioned above the cleaning assembly 9.

[0057] The control box 20 is electrically connected to the integrated sensor assembly 10, which includes an attitude sensor, an altimeter, a wind speed sensor, and a wind direction sensor. The control box 20 has a built-in optimal wind tilt angle real-time calculation module and a dynamic balance adjustment module. The optimal wind tilt angle real-time calculation module establishes a wind load value model based on data collected by the integrated sensor assembly and performs real-time correction and optimization to obtain the optimal wind tilt angle for the current photovoltaic panel. The dynamic balance adjustment module uses the attitude sensor to monitor the photovoltaic panel's status and actual tilt angle in real time, compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle, and controls the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8 to adjust the photovoltaic panel's tilt angle. The specific steps are as follows:

[0058] Step 1: Data Acquisition and Preprocessing: Use an altimeter to obtain the current installation altitude of the photovoltaic panels; use a wind speed sensor to collect the average maximum wind speed within the current 10 minutes; use a wind direction sensor to record the current wind direction.

[0059] This step mainly involves reading and preliminary processing of sensor data, including removing outliers and filtering.

[0060] Step 2: Wind pressure calculation: Calculate wind pressure and air density using Bernoulli's formula. Set to 1.25 kg / m 3 Bernoulli's formula is used to calculate wind pressure: ,in, Wind pressure; air density; This refers to wind speed.

[0061] This step mainly involves optimizing the stress distribution, calculating and analyzing the shape coefficient and wind pressure distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic panel, optimizing the stress state of the photovoltaic panel, and reducing the risk of material fatigue and damage.

[0062] Step 3: Constructing a wind load model: Through numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, determine the relationship between the shape factor and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. Based on different tilt angles and wind directions, formulate shape factor standards, as follows:

[0063] Body type coefficient According to the angle of inclination Interpolation calculations are performed based on wind direction:

[0064] when When the upper part is ±1.3, the lower part is ±0.5;

[0065] when When the upper part is ±1.4, the lower part is ±0.6;

[0066] When linear interpolation is used.

[0067] Step 4: Wind Load Calculation: Calculate the current standard value of wind load. The formula for calculating the standard value of wind load is as follows: ,in, This represents the standard value of wind load. This refers to the gust coefficient. This is the wind load shape coefficient; This is the wind pressure height variation coefficient; This is the basic wind pressure.

[0068] Step 5: Real-time Correction and Optimization: Calculate the wind load on the photovoltaic array in the strong typhoon area, compare the calculated results with experimental results, correct the wind load calculation formula, and perform real-time corrections by comparing theoretical analysis with experimental data. ,in, The correction factor is adjusted based on the difference between experimental data and theoretical calculations.

[0069] This step mainly involves real-time correction capability. By comparing theoretical calculations with experimental results, the wind load calculation formula is corrected in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the calculation.

[0070] Step 6: Calculate the optimal wind tilt angle for the photovoltaic panel: Perform physical modeling on a single photovoltaic panel, adjust the windward tilt angle, simulate wind loads under different operating conditions, analyze wind pressure distribution characteristics, and calculate the optimal wind tilt angle; based on the wind load simulation results, calculate the stress state of the photovoltaic panel and find the tilt angle at which the minimum stress is achieved. ,in, For at the angle of inclination The forces acting on it.

[0071] Step 7: Dynamic Balance Adjustment: Monitor the photovoltaic panel status and actual tilt angle in real time, compare with the optimal wind tilt angle, and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel; use attitude sensor data to compare with the optimal wind tilt angle and perform PID control adjustments. ,in, This is the proportionality coefficient.

[0072] Step 8: Real-time Monitoring and Adjustment: Monitor current environmental data, calculate the optimal wind tilt angle in real time, and adjust the photovoltaic panel status; establish an objective function to minimize the force on the windward side. Adjustments are made only when environmental data changes or the optimal wind tilt angle exceeds a threshold, and the stress is ensured to be less than the maximum load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic panel.

[0073] In this embodiment, the design wind load is based on the 10-minute average maximum wind speed at a height of 10m at different return periods. The air density is calculated using Bernoulli's formula according to the conversion relationship between wind speeds at different distances from the sea. The air density is taken from the standard values. The converted wind pressure values ​​for the 10-minute average wind speed are shown in the table below.

[0074] Typhoon converted wind pressure

[0075]

[0076] According to the "Design Code for Photovoltaic Power Stations", the wind pressure shape coefficient of ground photovoltaic modules is uniformly taken as 1.3. However, the "Code for Design of Building Structures" divides the windward side into upper and lower parts, and takes different values ​​according to different angles and wind directions. When the angle is less than 10°, the upper part is taken as ±1.3 and the lower part as ±0.5; when the angle is greater than 30°, the upper part is taken as ±1.4 and the lower part as ±0.6; interpolation is used in between.

[0077] Wind load distribution characteristics analysis: The trapezoidal distribution of wind load on solar photovoltaic panels is a refinement of the stepped distribution, acknowledging the non-uniformity of wind pressure distribution. That is, the wind pressure on the photovoltaic panel transitions uniformly from the top to the bottom, which better reflects the actual wind pressure distribution. The theoretical research on wind load calculation is based on mathematical equations constructed from aerodynamic principles. These theoretical formulas, summarized from experience and laws, are applicable to simple fluid analysis, and results can be obtained through simple calculations. Currently, the calculation of wind load on photovoltaic supports... ,in, This represents the standard value of wind load. The wind vibration coefficient; This is the wind load shape coefficient; This is the wind pressure height variation coefficient; This is the basic wind pressure.

[0078] Wind load distribution on the surface of photovoltaic (PV) support structures: The surface of the PV support structure affected by wind loads is mainly concentrated on the PV panels. The flow field of the PV panel can be roughly divided into the displacement zone before the airflow comes into contact with the PV panel, the separation zone generated when the airflow passes through the sides of the PV panel, the cavity zone where the airflow forms vortices on the back of the PV panel, and the wake zone formed by energy loss after the airflow passes through the cavity zone. When the PV panel is at different elevation angles under different operating conditions, the wind-facing area of ​​the PV panel is different, and the flow velocity around the PV panel is also different, thus resulting in different wind loads on the PV panel. When the wind acts on the 60° elevation angle model, the lower part of the windward surface experiences greater pressure and the pressure extends towards the edge. The pressure decreases gradually. When wind acts on the model at a height angle of 120°, the upper part of the model's windward side experiences greater pressure, which gradually decreases along the short axis of the photovoltaic panel and is symmetrically distributed. Through analysis, the average wind pressure coefficient under different wind direction angles and height angles can be obtained. It can be concluded that under positive and negative wind direction angles of 0° and 180°, the absolute value of the photovoltaic panel shape coefficient increases continuously with the increase of the height angle, but it does not change linearly. Therefore, when calculating the structural wind load, attention should be paid to the change of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle. When the height angle varies from 10° to 45°, the wind pressure shape coefficient changes approximately linearly, and the wind load can be calculated based on the above formula.

[0079] Wind load calculation based on trapezoidal distribution: Since the wind load values ​​calculated using different wind load distribution models vary, and as analyzed above, the wind loads at the top and bottom of the photovoltaic panel differ, with a uniform transition between the top and bottom, roughly exhibiting a trapezoidal distribution; based on this, this invention decomposes the trapezoidal load distribution into rectangular loads acting on the surface of the photovoltaic panel on the photovoltaic support. and triangular load The trapezoidal wind load acting on the upper panel of the photovoltaic support is: , .

[0080] Modal analysis of photovoltaic (PV) support structures under load: A set of continuously installed PV support structures and panels was simulated and analyzed using Midas finite element simulation software. The main analysis focused on the displacement deformation and overturning stability of the PV support structures under different wind loads. The PV support structures were constructed using Q235 steel, with a density of... It is 7850 kg / m3, and its elastic modulus is 7850 kg / m3. 206 GPa, Poisson's ratio The elastic modulus is 0.3; the support structure uses beam units, totaling 98 support component units; the elastic modulus of the photovoltaic panel material is... 72 GPa, Poisson's ratio The density is 0.2. 2500 kg / m 3 The photovoltaic panel uses panel units, totaling 60 panel units.

[0081] Because the photovoltaic support structure operates at different angles at different times, the stiffness and mass distribution of the support structure also change accordingly, resulting in differences in the stress characteristics under wind load. Based on this, the modal analysis of this invention takes the control angles of 58° and 22° during the operation of the photovoltaic support as the research object to explore the stress characteristics of the photovoltaic support under wind load. The mode shapes also show a symmetrical distribution pattern, mainly due to the symmetry of the support structure. Under different control angles, the mode shapes of the photovoltaic support are quite similar. The first mode is the overall displacement along the Y-axis, the second mode is the displacement along the x-axis and the torsion around the Y-axis, the third and fourth modes both show different degrees of torsional trend, and the local deformation of the photovoltaic support increases in the fourth mode.

[0082] Analysis of wind vibration effect of photovoltaic support structure: The wind vibration coefficient of photovoltaic support structure is the ratio of the maximum displacement to the average displacement of the support structure. It can be used to reflect the wind vibration response and amplitude of the support structure, as shown in the following formula. In the formula, The wind vibration coefficient; These are the extreme values ​​of the displacement; This represents the average displacement value.

[0083] Twelve points on the analysis model with control angles of 22° and 58° were selected for analysis to obtain the variation law of wind vibration coefficient. That is, when the angle is 22°, the wind vibration coefficient at the sample point is 1.76~2.19; when the angle is 58°, the wind vibration coefficient at the sample point is 2.34~2.83. Spatial correlation will cause torsion at both ends of the photovoltaic support, resulting in the average displacement at both ends of the photovoltaic support. The increase in the control angle eventually results in a greater displacement wind vibration coefficient at both ends of the photovoltaic support than at the middle. Furthermore, the wind vibration coefficient increases simultaneously with the increase in the control angle. Therefore, it can be concluded that as the control angle increases during the operation of the photovoltaic support, the displacement wind vibration coefficient gradually increases, but the overall change is not significant. Thus, it can be seen that the optimal wind vibration coefficient of the photovoltaic support under wind load should be maintained at sampling points 4-8, that is, at an operating angle of 22°, the wind vibration coefficient of the support is about 1.8; at an operating angle of 58°, the wind vibration coefficient of the support is about 2.4.

[0084] In summary, this invention performs numerical simulations on a single photovoltaic array. Based on the simulation results of wind load on the single photovoltaic array, it analyzes the wind load distribution characteristics of the array, analyzes the stress state of the array under strong wind conditions, and determines the optimal wind tilt angle of the photovoltaic support. By real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle, the stability of the photovoltaic array under strong wind conditions is significantly improved. This invention employs a high-strength floating structure and multi-point anchoring method, combined with sensors and automated control algorithms, to achieve dynamic balance adjustment, reducing the need for manual intervention and ensuring the overall stability of the power station under strong typhoon conditions.

[0085] This invention relates to a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface. In use, the invention physically models individual photovoltaic panels 7, analyzes the stress state of the photovoltaic array under strong wind conditions based on wind load simulation results of a single photovoltaic array and wind pressure distribution characteristics of the array, and then calculates the optimal wind tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels under the current strong wind environment by simulating the wind load of the entire photovoltaic array. The invention's attitude sensor monitors the current state and actual tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels 7 in real time, compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle, and, combined with the sensor and automated control algorithm, controls the dual-axis automatic tracking support 8 to optimize and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels, enabling dynamic balance adjustment of the photovoltaic array and ensuring the overall stability of the power station under strong typhoon conditions. This invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, real-time calculation of the optimal wind tilt angle, rapid attitude adjustment, and good cleaning effect.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface includes a floating plate 1 and a photovoltaic panel 7. Multiple universal ball nuts 2 are spaced apart on all four sides of the floating plate 1. Each universal ball nut 2 is connected to an anchoring assembly 3. The anchoring assembly 3 includes a set of symmetrically arranged flexible anchor cables 4, one of which is connected to a universal ball nut 2, and another is connected to a flexible anchoring plate 6. The flexible anchor cables 4 are connected to each other by flexible steel cables 5. The photovoltaic panel 7 is positioned above the floating plate 1 and is connected to the floating plate 1 via a dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8, enabling real-time adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 7's optimal wind tilt angle. A cleaning assembly 9 is installed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 7 for effective cleaning. An integrated sensor assembly 10 is positioned above the cleaning assembly 9.

[0088] The cleaning component 9 includes side-grooved toothed plates 91 located on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 7. Guide plates 92 are snapped onto the outer sides of the side-grooved toothed plates 91. Sliding blocks 93 are slidably installed on the guide plates 92. Upper brackets 94 are provided on the outer surfaces of the sliding blocks 93. Lower brackets 95 are connected to the upper part of the upper brackets 94. The lower brackets 95 are connected to each other by a connecting plate 96. A drive gear 97 is meshed above the side-grooved toothed plates 91. A driver 98 is axially connected to the drive gear 97. A mounting bracket 99 is installed outside the driver 98 on one side of the cleaning component 9. A power component 901 is provided inside the left side of the mounting bracket 99. The power component 901 drives the cleaning mechanism 902.

[0089] In this embodiment, as Figure 8As shown, the upper and lower brackets are both U-shaped structures and are symmetrically arranged. The two ends are fixedly connected. The drivers on both sides of the cleaning component are located in the space formed by the connection of the upper and lower brackets. Moreover, one of the rectangular frames of the mounting bracket on the left side of the cleaning component corresponds to the space formed by the connection of the upper and lower brackets. Thus, the driver on the left side of the cleaning component is located in the corresponding space. The servo motor of the power component is installed in another hollow frame of the mounting bracket.

[0090] The power assembly 901 includes a servo motor 101 located inside the mounting bracket 99. The output end of the servo motor 101 is provided with an output gear set 102. The output gear set 102 is meshed with a first-stage reduction gear set 103. The first-stage reduction gear set 103 is meshed with a second-stage reduction gear set 104. The second-stage reduction gear set 104 is shaft-connected to the cleaning mechanism 902.

[0091] The cleaning mechanism 902 includes a cleaning shaft 201, one end of which is connected to the shaft of the secondary reduction gear set 104 and the other end is connected to the shaft seat 202. The shaft seat 202 is connected to the corresponding lower bracket 95. A cleaning roller brush 203 is sleeved on the outside of the cleaning shaft 201.

[0092] In this embodiment, the working principle of the cleaning component is as follows: The driver is activated, which drives the active gear to rotate, causing the active gear to move along the toothed plate with side grooves. When the active gear moves on the toothed plate with side grooves, it synchronously drives the upper bracket, lower bracket, and driver to move. Since the upper bracket is slidably connected to the guide plate through a sliding block, the sliding block slides synchronously on the guide plate. Moreover, the lower brackets are connected by a connecting plate to ensure the reliability of the overall device displacement. During the displacement process, the servo motor is activated. The servo motor drives the cleaning shaft to rotate through the multi-stage power output of the output gear set, the first-stage reduction gear set, and the second-stage reduction gear set. The cleaning shaft drives the cleaning roller brush to rotate, ultimately realizing the power component driving the cleaning mechanism to rotate. Combined with the displacement action of the driver and other structures, the cyclic cleaning operation on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is achieved, ensuring the cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel surface.

[0093] As another possible implementation, the power assembly 901 and the cleaning mechanism 902 can be replaced by the following alternative: a slider assembly 100 is mounted on the lower surface of the connecting plate 96, the slider assembly 100 is slidable along the lower surface of the connecting plate 96, a reduction motor 200 is provided above the slider assembly 100, a pinion 300 is provided through the output end of the reduction motor 200 passing through the slider assembly 100, the pinion 300 is meshed with a large gear 400, the large gear is shaft-connected to the cleaning box 500, a cleaning roller brush 203 is installed inside the cleaning box 500, and a plurality of brass nozzles 600 are arranged sequentially at intervals in front of the cleaning roller brush 203 and a rubber scraper 700 is arranged behind it.

[0094] The cleaning roller brush is located inside the cleaning box, and a cleaning shaft is installed inside the cleaning roller brush. One end of the cleaning shaft is connected to the cleaning box through a shaft seat, and the other end is connected to a servo motor. The servo motor is equipped with a multi-stage reduction gear set structure and is installed on the corresponding side of the cleaning box.

[0095] In this embodiment, the working principle is as follows: the overall structure in the same alternative solution can move synchronously with the connecting plate (as described above, the driver drives the gear to move along the toothed plate with side grooves, ultimately achieving synchronous displacement of the upper bracket, lower bracket, driver, and connecting plate). During the movement, the surface of the photovoltaic panel is cleaned by the rotation of the cleaning roller brush. Simultaneously, airflow or mist-like water spray from brass nozzles cleans the photovoltaic panel, improving the cleaning effect. Then, a rubber scraper is used to scrape away impurities during movement, ensuring the cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel surface. Alternatively, a geared motor can be started, which... The small gear drives the large gear to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning box to rotate, ultimately causing the cleaning roller brush to rotate from a parallel position to a perpendicular position with the connecting plate. Then, the slider assembly drives the cleaning roller brush to move along the connecting plate to achieve lateral cleaning. With the displacement operation of the driver and other structures, the next level of lateral cleaning is performed until the entire surface of the photovoltaic panel is cleaned laterally. In actual use, the cleaning direction of the cleaning roller brush and the photovoltaic panel surface can be switched according to the actual situation, realizing free switching between lateral and longitudinal cleaning, which greatly improves the cleaning effect while avoiding cleaning dead corners.

[0096] This invention relates to a flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface. In use, the invention utilizes a floating plate 1 to support the main body of the photovoltaic power station, and connects it to the floating plate 1 using anchoring components 3, flexible steel cables 5, and flexible anchoring plates 6. This positions the photovoltaic power station on the water surface, preventing it from floating over a large area due to wind, waves, tides, etc., ensuring reliable connection of the photovoltaic module's busbar cables. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for piling to support the floating plate 1 and the photovoltaic power station, reducing construction costs and avoiding damage to the underwater ecosystem caused by pile foundation construction. This invention also analyzes the stress state of the photovoltaic array under strong wind conditions by physically modeling a single photovoltaic panel 7, based on the wind load simulation results of a single photovoltaic array and the wind pressure distribution characteristics of the photovoltaic array. By simulating the wind load on the entire photovoltaic array, the optimal wind tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels under the current strong wind environment is calculated. The attitude sensor of this invention monitors the current state and actual tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 7 in real time and compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle. Combined with the sensor and the automatic control algorithm, the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket 8 is controlled to optimize and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic array can achieve dynamic balance adjustment and ensure the overall stability of the power station under strong typhoon conditions. This invention uses a cleaning component 9 to quickly clean the dust and other debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the cleanliness of the solar panel surface and improving battery efficiency. This invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, real-time calculation of the optimal wind tilt angle, rapid attitude adjustment, and good cleaning effect.

Claims

1. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface, comprising a floating plate and photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: Multiple universal ball joint nuts are spaced apart on all four sides of the floating plate. Each universal ball joint nut is connected to an anchoring assembly. The anchoring assembly includes a set of symmetrically arranged flexible anchor cables. One flexible anchor cable is connected to the universal ball joint nut, and another flexible anchor cable is connected to the flexible anchoring plate. The flexible anchor cables are connected to each other by flexible steel cables. A photovoltaic panel is installed above the floating plate. The photovoltaic panel is connected to the floating plate through a dual-axis automatic tracking bracket to realize the real-time adjustment function of the photovoltaic panel's optimal wind tilt angle. A cleaning assembly is installed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel to realize the effective cleaning function of the photovoltaic panel surface. An integrated sensor assembly is installed above the cleaning assembly.

2. The flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible anchor cable includes a double-ended screw, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the double-ended screw. Limiting washers are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the first spring. A positioning nut and a shock absorber are respectively provided on the outside of the limiting washers. The upper threaded part of the double-ended screw is threadedly connected to a universal ball head nut and locked by an R-pin. The lower threaded part passes through the shock absorber and is threadedly connected to a locking device. The locking device is fixedly connected to the flexible steel cable and locked by an R-pin.

3. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible anchor plate includes a threaded seat, which is threaded to one end of a double-ended screw. An anchor block is provided below the threaded seat. The threaded seat and the anchor block are connected by a plurality of dampers arranged in a circumferentially evenly spaced array. A second spring is fitted on the outside of each damper.

4. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-axis automatic tracking bracket includes a channel steel base fixedly installed on the upper surface of the floating plate. A column square tube is installed above the channel steel base. A main shaft square tube is set at the top of the column square tube. The column square tube is connected to the main shaft square tube through a dual-axis adjustment mechanism. C-shaped steel purlins are set on both the left and right sides of the upper surface of the main shaft square tube. The C-shaped steel purlins are fixedly connected to the main shaft square tube by purlin clamps. A set of frames is set above the C-shaped steel purlins. A fixing plate is set in the middle of the side of the column square tube, and a control box is installed on the fixing plate.

5. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The dual-axis adjustment mechanism includes a bracket fixing seat installed at the top of the column square tube. A bushing is installed inside the bracket fixing seat. A bracket plate is provided above the bracket fixing seat. A first sleeve and a second sleeve are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the main shaft square tube. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are both fixedly connected to the bracket plate. The first sleeve is rotatably connected to the bushing through a shaft. A split square tube bearing seat is provided inside the first sleeve and the second sleeve. The split square tube bearing seat is fixedly connected to the main shaft square tube, and the main shaft square tube can rotate relative to the first sleeve and the second sleeve through the split square tube bearing seat.

6. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the second sleeve is hinged to the elevation adjustment cylinder, and the power end of the elevation adjustment cylinder is connected to the column square tube through the elevation push rod seat; a swing arm fixing component is provided at one end of the main shaft square tube near the first sleeve, and a swing arm is fixedly connected to the swing arm fixing component. The swing arm is connected to the power end of the swing angle adjustment cylinder, and the other end of the swing angle adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected to the bent part of the bracket plate by the swing angle push rod fixing block.

7. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The control box is electrically connected to the integrated sensor assembly, which includes an attitude sensor, an altimeter, a wind speed sensor, and a wind direction sensor. The control box has a built-in real-time optimal wind tilt angle calculation module and a dynamic balance adjustment module. The real-time optimal wind tilt angle calculation module establishes a wind load value model based on data collected by the integrated sensor assembly and performs real-time correction and optimization to obtain the optimal wind tilt angle for the current photovoltaic panel. The dynamic balance adjustment module uses the attitude sensor to monitor the photovoltaic panel's status and actual tilt angle in real time, compares it with the optimal wind tilt angle, and controls the dual-axis automatic tracking bracket to adjust the photovoltaic panel's tilt angle. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Data Acquisition and Preprocessing: Collect current environmental data based on altimeter, wind speed sensor, and wind direction sensor, and perform preliminary data processing including outlier removal and filtering. Step 2: Wind pressure calculation: Calculate the wind pressure using Bernoulli's formula; Step 3: Construct a wind load model: Determine the relationship between the shape factor and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel through numerical simulation and theoretical calculation; Step 4: Wind load calculation: Calculate the current standard value of wind load; Step 5: Real-time correction and optimization: Calculate the wind load on the photovoltaic array in the strong typhoon area and correct the wind load calculation formula; Step 6: Calculate the optimal wind tilt angle for the photovoltaic panel: Perform physical modeling on a single photovoltaic panel, adjust the windward tilt angle, simulate wind loads under different operating conditions, analyze wind pressure distribution characteristics, and calculate the optimal wind tilt angle; Step 7: Dynamic balance adjustment: Monitor the status and actual tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels in real time, compare them with the optimal wind tilt angle, and adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels accordingly; Step 8: Real-time monitoring and adjustment: Monitor current environmental data, calculate the optimal wind tilt angle in real time, and adjust the status of the photovoltaic panels.

8. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component includes side-grooved toothed plates on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. Guide plates are snapped onto the outer sides of the side-grooved toothed plates, and sliding blocks are slidably installed on the guide plates. Upper brackets are provided on the outer surfaces of the sliding blocks, and lower brackets are connected to the upper parts of the upper brackets. The lower brackets are connected to each other by a connecting plate. A drive gear is meshed above each side-grooved toothed plate, and a driver is axially connected to each drive gear. A mounting frame is installed outside the driver on one side of the cleaning component, and a power component is provided inside the left side of the mounting frame. The power component drives the cleaning mechanism.

9. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The power assembly includes a servo motor located inside the mounting bracket. The output end of the servo motor is provided with an output gear set. The output gear set is meshed with a first-stage reduction gear set. The first-stage reduction gear set is meshed with a second-stage reduction gear set. The second-stage reduction gear set is connected to the shaft of the cleaning mechanism.

10. A flexible photovoltaic power station on a water surface as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning shaft, one end of which is connected to the shaft of a two-stage reduction gear set and the other end is connected to a shaft seat. The shaft seat is connected to a corresponding lower bracket, and a cleaning roller brush is sleeved and installed on the outside of the cleaning shaft.

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