Hydraulic sidetracking reamer

Abstract

The invention provides a hydraulic sidetracking reamer which comprises a central shaft, an upper check block, a lower check block and a reaming blade, and the central shaft, the upper check block and the lower check block are used for fixing and pushing the reaming blade and can axially move along with the blade. The central shaft is provided with a connecting part for mounting an upper stop dog and a lower stop dog; a water hole is formed in the connecting part of the lower stop dog and is communicated with a channel in the central shaft; a water hole used for washing the cooling reaming cutter wing is formed in the lower check block and communicated with a water hole of a connecting component of the lower check block of the center shaft. A water hole used for flushing and cooling is formed in a lower stop block for pushing the reaming cutter wing and can move along with movement of the cutter wing in the flushing process, and the flushing circulation efficiency in the sidetrack drilling process is improved while the occupied internal space of the tool is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment for petroleum engineering, and more particularly to a hydraulic side-drilling reamer. Background Technology

[0002] Reamers used while drilling can optimize wellbore structure and improve cementing quality. Currently, the most widely used type is the hydraulic reamer, which can be combined with different drill strings, offering high flexibility. Common reamer blade connection methods are mainly pop-out and hinged, which are relatively fragile and difficult to retract when the blades are stuck. Chinese invention patent CN104747085B discloses a hydraulic reamer for drilling. When the reamer cannot retract the blades normally, it uses ball-throwing pressure combined with piston-driven blade retraction, improving the overall reliability of the device and solving the problem of blades being difficult to retract. However, this solution has a problem: the water inlet for flushing the reamer blades is fixed on the tool housing, far from the blades, resulting in low flushing circulation efficiency and occupying a large amount of internal space in the tool housing. Considering strength, it is impossible to reduce the tool size and apply it to small-diameter sidetracking. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic side-drill reamer to solve the problem of poor blade cooling effect in existing reamers, which leads to a reduction in the blade life.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a hydraulic side-drilling reamer, comprising an outer cylindrical structure with a vertically extending window. A reamer blade is installed in the window, and the window and the reamer blade are guided and slidably engaged by an inclined channel, so that the reamer blade extends radially outward when moving upward and retracts radially inward when moving downward. The hydraulic side-drilling reamer also includes a central shaft, which is a through shaft structure with an axial through hole. A lower stop and an upper stop are installed on the central shaft, which move with the central shaft to push the reamer blade up and down. The lower stop is also provided with a water eye for spraying working fluid toward the reamer blade. A through hole is provided on the shaft section of the central shaft for mounting the lower stop, and the water eye on the lower stop communicates with the through hole on the central shaft.

[0005] Furthermore, the number of upper and lower stops is equal to the number of eye-expanding blades, and they correspond one-to-one in the vertical direction. Both upper and lower stops are detachably connected to the central shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the central shaft is provided with an outwardly protruding connecting component, and both the upper and lower stops have mounting slots that are adapted to the connecting component, and are fixedly connected to the central shaft by screws.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the connecting component is non-circular, and it is fixedly connected to the corresponding stop block by a connecting screw.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer cylindrical structure also includes an eyelet device.

[0009] Furthermore, the external cylindrical structure also includes a centralizer.

[0010] Furthermore, the external cylindrical structure includes a reamer blade mounting section, which is located between the reamer and the straightener.

[0011] Furthermore, the inclined extended channel is provided with ball bearings to reduce friction between the reamer blade and the channel.

[0012] Beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention innovatively provides a hydraulic side-drilling reamer. During side-drilling reaming operations, the central shaft drives the upper and lower stops to move, pop up, and reset the reamer blades. The water inlet for flushing and cooling is located on the lower stop that pushes the reamer blades. During flushing, it can move with the blades, reducing the internal space occupied by the tool while improving the flushing circulation efficiency during side-drilling. This solves the problem of poor cooling effect of the reamer blades in existing reaming equipment, which leads to a reduced lifespan of the reamer blades. In existing reamers, the water inlet for cooling the reamer blades is located on the outer cylindrical structure. To ensure the directionality of the sprayed liquid, the length of the water inlet needs to be limited, requiring the shaft section of the outer cylindrical structure where the water inlet is located to be thickened to ensure the length of the water inlet. This invention places the water inlet on the lower stop, whose thickness is sufficient to ensure that the length of the water inlet on the lower stop is sufficient to provide liquid spray guidance. Thus, there is no need to thicken the outer cylindrical structure, reducing the overall volume of the reamer. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A half-sectional view of the main structure of a hydraulic side-drilling reamer;

[0015] Figure 2 A half-sectional view of the central axis of the hydraulic side-drill reamer;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper stop block of a hydraulic side-drill reamer.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower stop block of a hydraulic side-drilling reamer.

[0018] In the picture:

[0019] 1. External cylinder structure; 101. Opening window; 102. Expanding eye blade; 103. Channel; 104. Steel ball; 2. Central shaft; 201. Inner channel; 202. Connecting component; 3. Lower stop block; 301. Water eye; 302. Mounting slot; 4. Upper stop block; 5. Connecting screw; 6. Grating device; 601. Grating block; 7. Centralizer; 701. Centralizer; 702. Gap; 8. Expanding eye blade mounting section; 9. Upper connector; 10. Lower connector; 11. Sliding sleeve ball seat; 12. Lower water eye; 13. Shear pin; 14. Locking claw piston; 15. Spring; 16. Limiting groove; 17. Upper ball seat of central shaft; 19. Throttling valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0021] The principle of this invention is to provide a water inlet on the lower stop as a working fluid injection port, and to provide a water inlet on the shaft section of the central shaft used to mount the lower stop, which is connected to the water inlet on the lower stop. When the hydraulic side-drilling reamer is performing reaming operations, the relative height between the water inlet on the lower stop, which provides liquid cooling to the reamer blades, and the reamer blades remains constant, ensuring the utilization efficiency of the working fluid.

[0022] Based on the above concept and principle, the present invention provides various embodiments of a hydraulic side-drilling reamer for illustration.

[0023] In a basic embodiment, such as Figure 1-2 In one embodiment, the hydraulic side-drilling reamer includes an outer cylindrical structure 1 with a vertically extending opening 101. A reamer blade 102 is installed in the opening 101. A channel 103 is provided between the opening 101 and the reamer blade 102 along the moving direction of the reamer blade 102 to guide its sliding, thus limiting its movement trajectory so that when the reamer blade 102 moves upward, it slides out, and when it moves downward, it moves downward. When the reamer blade 102 retracts, the hydraulic side-drill reamer also includes a central shaft 2, which is a through shaft structure with an inner channel 201. A lower stop block 3 and an upper stop block 4 are mounted on the central shaft 2 to push the reamer blade 102 up and down. When the central shaft moves upward, it causes the lower stop block 3 to move upward, pushing the reamer blade 102 upward and outward. When the central shaft descends, it causes the upper stop block 4 to descend, pushing the reamer blade 102 downward and retracting. The lower stop block 3 is also provided with a water eye 301 for spraying working fluid onto the reamer blade. A through hole 202 is also provided on the shaft section of the central shaft 2 used to mount the lower stop block 3, communicating with the water eye 301 on the lower stop block 3.

[0024] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, a large annular stop is used as a structure to push the reamer blades to move, such as the stop used in a hydraulic reamer for drilling disclosed in Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN104747085B. In a more preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, smaller upper stop 4 and lower stop 3 are used; the number of upper stop 4 and lower stop 3 is equal to the number of eye-expanding blades, and they correspond one-to-one in the vertical direction.

[0025] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 1-4 In the provided embodiment, the upper stop block 4 and the lower stop block 3 are provided with mounting slots 302 for mounting on the connecting component 202 provided on the central shaft, and the upper stop block 4 and the lower stop block 3 are fixed by connecting screws 5.

[0026] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 1-4 In the provided embodiment, the connecting component 202 on the central shaft 2 for mounting the upper stop 4 and the lower stop 3 is a rectangular protrusion, which can be fixedly connected using a single connecting screw 5. The threaded hole for tightening the connecting screw is located on the protrusion, enhancing the torsional strength of the central shaft and the connection strength of the connecting thread. In another embodiment, threaded holes are directly provided on the central shaft for fixing the upper and lower stops, reducing the structural strength of the central shaft, and the threaded holes have fewer threads, resulting in lower connection strength.

[0027] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, the outer cylindrical structure 1 is also equipped with a reamer 6 to ensure the uniformity of the hole wall shape. The reamer has eight reamer blocks 601 arranged in a 45° circumferential direction to ensure the quality of the hole wall surface. In another embodiment, a spiral-shaped reamer 6 is used to ensure the hole wall shape.

[0028] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, a stabilizer 7 is also installed on the outer cylindrical structure 1 to ensure uniform flow of liquid in the hole and smooth running trajectory of the drill bit. The stabilizer uses circumferentially arranged stabilizer blocks 701, and the gap 702 between the stabilizer blocks 701 serves as a flow channel for the liquid to stabilize the running trajectory of the drill bit.

[0029] Based on the above embodiments, in an optimized embodiment, such as Figure 1In the provided embodiment, the external cylindrical structure 1 uses a split structure, with the reamer 6, stabilizer 7, and blade mounting section 8 installed and fixed separately. The structures are connected by threads and sealed with sealing rings for waterproofing. The reamer blade 102 is installed inside the reamer blade mounting section 8, which also effectively protects the reamer blade 102. In another embodiment, such as the external cylindrical structure used in a hydraulic reamer for drilling disclosed in Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN104747085B, an integrated structure is used, where the reamer and the reamer body are integrated, making disassembly and assembly difficult and maintenance challenging.

[0030] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, such as the sliding channel used in a hydraulic reamer for drilling disclosed in Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN104747085B, the reamer blade 102 is in direct contact with the channel 103, resulting in significant friction. In an optimized embodiment, such as... Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, steel balls 104 are provided inside the channel 103 to reduce the friction between the reamer blade and the channel.

[0031] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1 In the provided embodiment, the hydraulic side-drilling reamer also includes an upper connector 9, which is threadedly connected to a reamer 6. Eight reamer blocks 601 are arranged circumferentially at 45° on the reamer 6 as working devices. A certain space is left between the reamer 6 and the central shaft 2 to install a spring 15, which is used to reset the central shaft 2 after the reaming operation is completed. The bottom of the reamer 6 is threadedly connected to a reamer blade mounting section 8, which is used to install and accommodate the reamer blade 102. The reamer blade mounting section 8 is threadedly fixed to the centralizer 7, and there is a space between the centralizer 7 and the central shaft 2 for installing a locking claw piston 14. The sliding ball seat 11 is connected to the throttle valve 19 through a shear pin 13. The throttle valve 19 is placed on the lower connector 10, and one end of the lower connector 10 is threadedly connected to the centralizer 7.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1In the provided embodiment, the hydraulic reamer operates as follows: the reamer is connected to the upper connector 9 and the lower connector 10, lowered into the wellbore, and after reaching its position, a ball is dropped into the sliding ball seat 11 inside the reamer. The surface water pump is turned on, and the pressure difference generated by the water inlet 301 and the lower water inlet 12 pushes the sliding ball seat 11 to shear off the shear pins 13. Due to the pressure difference, the locking claw piston 14 moves upward, causing the central shaft 2, upper stop 4, and lower stop 3 to move upward together. The spring 15 contracts, thereby pushing the reamer blades 102 to slide and unfold along the channel 103. The pump pressure is then maintained so that the reamer blades 102 remain open, reaming the wellbore while drilling. During side-drilling, the reamer can be lifted and rotated, and the reamer 6 can be used to ream the wellbore to ensure its regularity. After side-drilling is completed, the pump pressure is reduced, spring 15 returns to its original position, and presses against the limiting groove 16 on the central shaft 2, causing the central shaft 2 to move downward. This moves the upper stop block 4 and the lower stop block 3 to push the reamer blade 102 back along the slide groove 103. If the reamer blade 102 is stuck, the reamer is lifted, and the combined force exerted by the well wall on the reamer blade 102 causes it to retract along the groove 103. If the above method fails, a larger steel ball is lowered into the ball seat 17 at the top of the central shaft, the pump is turned on to increase pressure, the central shaft 2 moves downward, and the spring 15 is depressurized, causing the upper stop block 4 and the lower stop block 3 to forcefully push the reamer blade 102 back along the internal slide groove.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, all shafts and holes in the hydraulic side-drilling reamer are sealed and waterproofed using sealing rings.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer, characterized in that, The device includes an outer cylindrical structure with a vertically extending window. A reaming blade is installed within the window, and the window and blade are guided by an inclined channel for sliding engagement. The reaming blade extends radially outward when moving upward and retracts radially inward when moving downward. The hydraulic side-drilling reamer also includes a central shaft, which is a through-shaft structure with an axial through-hole. A lower stop and an upper stop are installed on the central shaft, moving with it to push the reaming blade up and down. The lower stop is also provided with a water inlet for spraying working fluid toward the reaming blade. A through-hole is provided on the shaft section of the central shaft where the lower stop is installed, and the water inlet on the lower stop communicates with the through-hole on the central shaft.

2. The hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of upper and lower stops is equal to the number of reamer blades, and they correspond one-to-one in the vertical direction. Both upper and lower stops are detachably connected to the central shaft.

3. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central shaft is provided with a protruding connecting component, and the upper and lower stops are both equipped with mounting slots that are compatible with the connecting component, and are fixedly connected to the central shaft by screws.

4. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the connecting component is non-circular, and it is fixedly connected to the corresponding stop block by a connecting screw.

5. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The external cylindrical structure also includes an eyelet device.

6. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The external cylindrical structure also includes a centralizer.

7. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The external cylindrical structure includes a reamer blade mounting section, which is located between the reamer and the straightener.

8. A hydraulic side-drilling reamer according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The inclined extended channel is equipped with ball bearings to reduce friction between the reamer blade and the channel.

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