A method and apparatus for manufacturing a planetarium tire lens

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of grinding and polishing technology for optical surfaces on lenses, specifically a processing method and apparatus for a planetarium tire lens, including a grinding machine, a workpiece stage, a positioning fixture, a grinding table, a grinding wheel, and a control system; it also includes a grinding cover, which is installed on the workpiece stage, and the positioning fixture is located inside the grinding cover. The grinding cover is arc-shaped and has nozzles evenly arranged on both inner walls, with the nozzles tilted towards the middle inner wall of the grinding cover; the grinding table controls the grinding wheel to rotate and contact the blank to begin grinding and polishing, and the nozzles inside the grinding cover spray grinding or cleaning fluid at an angle to remove the grinding debris on the blank, improving the cleanliness of the blank surface; and in conjunction with the rotation of the blank, centrifugal force is generated, and the solution on the blank is thrown away by the centrifugal force, and the fine grinding debris attached to the blank surface is washed away by the solution and the centrifugal force, reducing impurities on the blank surface and improving the grinding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grinding and polishing technology of optical surfaces on lenses, specifically a processing method and apparatus for a planetarium tire lens. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of an optical system, the processing precision of a lens directly determines its optical performance. Rough grinding and fine grinding are key preliminary processes in lens forming. For example, rough grinding aims to quickly remove excess material from the blank and form the basic surface shape, such as the toroidal surface contour of a tire lens, using coarse-grained abrasives and high-speed grinding actions. Fine grinding follows rough grinding, aiming to reduce surface shape errors, refine surface roughness, and lay the foundation for subsequent polishing processes, using fine-grained abrasives and fine grinding actions. However, during mass production, centering deviations can cause the grinding wheel's grinding trajectory to deviate from the design position, resulting in surface distortion. For example, the curvature deviation of the two orthogonal principal meridions of a tire lens may exceed the standard, or the sphericity of a spherical lens may be unqualified. Moreover, these deviations cannot be corrected by subsequent grinding, directly causing the workpiece to be scrapped. Furthermore, if the astigmatic axis calibration is off during the centering process, it will cause the grinding wheel to grind asymmetrically in the two orthogonal principal meridions, causing the astigmatism correction function of the tire lens to fail, and subsequent processing cannot compensate for this deviation. In addition, chips easily adhere to the lens surface, the grinding wheel surface, or the grinding area. With the relative movement of the grinding wheel and the lens, they will form irreversible deep scratches or micro-scratches on the lens surface, worsening the surface roughness, increasing the workload of subsequent polishing processes, and in severe cases, causing the workpiece to be scrapped. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a method and apparatus for processing a planetarium tire lens.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: This invention proposes a processing device for a planetarium tire lens, including a grinding machine, a workpiece stage, a positioning fixture, a grinding table, a grinding wheel, and a control system; it also includes: A grinding hood is mounted on a workpiece table. A positioning fixture is located inside the grinding hood. The grinding hood is arc-shaped and has nozzles evenly distributed on both inner walls. The nozzles are inclined towards the middle inner wall of the grinding hood. A suction pipe is provided on the middle inner wall of the grinding hood. The nozzles and suction pipe are connected to a supply system installed in the grinding machine. A baffle is provided inside the grinding hood. The baffle is evenly distributed along an arc-shaped trajectory, and a centering block is slidably connected to one end of the baffle. The centering block and the baffle are fixed by a clamp. A measuring scale is provided between the centering block and the circumferential surface of the positioning fixture, and the measuring scale is connected to a sliding adjuster installed on the positioning fixture. A rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the outside of the grinding cover, and a portion of the rotating cylinder passes through the side wall of the grinding cover. A laser detector is installed inside the rotating cylinder, with the probe of the laser detector positioned on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder. The rotating cylinder is connected to a detection motor mounted on the workpiece table. One end of the grinding cover extends below the grinding wheel, and some nozzles are close to the grinding wheel and facing the edge of the grinding wheel. A collection box is provided on the grinding cover, located below the grinding wheel and the lens grinding position. A collection sponge is provided inside the collection box.

[0005] Preferably, a sliding block is slidably connected to the grinding cover, the sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged and distributed at the ends of the grinding cover, a linkage wheel is rotatably connected to the grinding cover, the linkage wheel is located between the symmetrical sliding blocks, one side of the linkage wheel is connected to the first sliding block and the other side is connected to the second sliding block, and a transmission rope is connected between the linkage wheel and the rotating drum; a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the sliding block, one end of the rotating rod is connected to the drive motor installed on the sliding block; a brush is provided on the rotating rod, and the brush covers the opening end of the grinding cover.

[0006] Preferably, the rotating rod is provided with a rotating groove, a wiping sponge is rolled up in the inner wall of the polishing cover, a traction rope is provided in the wiping sponge, one end of the traction rope extends out of the inner wall of the polishing cover and passes around the rotating groove and is fixed to the inner wall of the polishing cover.

[0007] Preferably, comb teeth are slidably connected to the inner wall of the polishing cover, with one side of the comb teeth extending into the brush, and the wiping sponge and traction rope passing through the comb teeth.

[0008] Preferably, the comb teeth are hollow inside, and the inside of the comb teeth is connected to the supply system through an air pipe, and air jet holes are evenly provided on the side of the comb teeth away from the center of the grinding cover.

[0009] Preferably, the wiping sponge is provided with a compression airbag, and the compression airbag is provided with evenly distributed holes for air to be released, and the compression airbag is fixed to the traction rope.

[0010] Preferably, a detection rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the grinding cover, one end of the detection rod extends into the inner wall of the grinding cover, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rotating rod. A displacement sensor is provided between the detection rod and the grinding cover.

[0011] Preferably, the detection rod is provided with a baffle, and the part of the baffle that contacts the centering block is made of rubber.

[0012] Preferably, a scraper is provided on one side of the baffle, the scraper is evenly distributed along the inner wall of the grinding cover, and one end of the scraper contacts the inner wall of the grinding cover.

[0013] A method for manufacturing a planetarium tire lens, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Clean the end face of the lens blank and the clamping part of the positioning tooling using the grinding cover; start the grinding machine to return to zero, use the machine tool probe to position and calibrate the center reference of the workpiece; for tire lenses, insert the positioning pin with the special tooling to calibrate the astigmatic axis reference and match the coordinate system of the grinding wheel machining trajectory. S2: Call the corresponding grinding wheel for the process, start the grinding wheel spindle to the rated speed, and move to the workpiece processing area; when approaching the workpiece surface, the contact point between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is detected by the force control sensor to confirm the actual processing start point; based on the design drawings, the actual allowance in each area of ​​the workpiece is detected; S3: The grinding wheel processes along a preset trajectory, the lens rotates in opposite directions to the grinding wheel, and the corresponding grinding fluid is continuously sprayed during grinding; the rough grinding uses the probe of the laser detector to detect the surface contour in real time and corrects the trajectory to ensure that the basic shape and position of the toroidal surface are qualified; the fine grinding uses the probe of the laser detector to detect the surface roughness and curvature in two directions and corrects the trajectory in minute increments. S4: After the main body grinding is completed, retract the tool, stop the rotation of the grinding wheel and lens, and turn off the grinding fluid spray; verify the grinding accuracy again through the laser detector. If it passes the test, proceed to the polishing process; otherwise, return to the starting point.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The present invention discloses a processing method and apparatus for a planetarium tire lens, wherein a grinding table controls the grinding wheel to rotate and contact the blank to begin grinding and polishing; a nozzle inside the grinding hood sprays grinding or cleaning fluid at an angle to remove grinding debris from the blank, thereby improving the cleanliness of the blank surface; and in conjunction with the rotation of the blank, centrifugal force is generated, and the solution on the blank is thrown away by the centrifugal force, and the fine grinding debris attached to the blank surface is washed away from the blank by the solution and the centrifugal force, thereby reducing impurities on the blank surface and improving the grinding quality.

[0015] 2. The processing method and apparatus for a planetarium tire lens of the present invention, when changing the blank, can also spray cleaning fluid onto the surface of the fixture on the positioning fixture by the nozzle, thereby improving the cleanliness of the positioning fixture by rinsing and avoiding contamination of the positioning fixture by grinding debris, thereby improving the positioning and installation accuracy of the blank and thus improving the grinding accuracy; the cleaning fluid continuously sprayed by the nozzle forms a stable liquid flow state in the arc-shaped grinding hood, and with the slight negative pressure of the suction pipe, the influence of external airflow and workshop temperature changes on the grinding zone can be reduced, avoiding thermal deformation of the blank due to temperature fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the positioning fixture in the grinding machine of this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inside of the polishing cover; Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the grinding cover; Figure 4 It is a 3D diagram of the rotating rod; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state of the rotating rod during grinding; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the state of the workpiece when the rotating rod is cleaning it. Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state of the clamping part of the cleaning and positioning fixture for the rotating rod.

[0018] In the diagram: Positioning fixture 1, Grinding cover 11, Nozzle 12, Suction tube 13, Baffle 14, Centering block 15, Measuring ruler 16, Sliding adjuster 17, Rotary drum 18, Laser detector 19, Detection motor 2, Collection box 21, Collection sponge 22, Sliding block 23, Linkage wheel 24, Transmission rope 25, Rotating rod 26, Drive motor 27, Brush 28, Rotary groove 29, Wiping sponge 3, Traction rope 31, Comb teeth 32, Air jet 33, Squeezing airbag 34, Detection rod 35, Baffle 36, Scraper 37. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: To effectively solve the above problems, see the attached diagram in the instruction manual. Figures 1-7 As shown, a processing device for a planetarium tire lens includes a grinding machine, a workpiece table, a positioning fixture 1, a grinding table, a grinding wheel, and a control system; the blank is mounted on the positioning fixture 1 and rotates, and the grinding table drives the grinding wheel to rotate while approaching the blank for processing. Also includes: A grinding hood 11 is mounted on a workpiece table. A positioning fixture 1 is located inside the grinding hood 11. The grinding hood 11 is arc-shaped and has nozzles 12 evenly distributed on both inner walls. The nozzles 12 are inclined toward the middle inner wall of the grinding hood 11. A suction pipe 13 is provided on the middle inner wall of the grinding hood 11. The nozzles 12 and suction pipe 13 are connected to the supply system installed in the grinding machine. A baffle 14 is provided inside the grinding hood 11. The baffle 14 is evenly distributed along an arc-shaped trajectory. A centering block 15 is slidably connected to one end of the baffle 14. The centering block 15 and the baffle 14 are fixed by a clamp. A measuring scale 16 is provided between the centering block 15 and the circumferential surface of the positioning fixture 1. The measuring scale 16 is connected to a sliding adjuster 17 installed on the positioning fixture 1. A rotating cylinder 18 is rotatably connected to the outside of the grinding cover 11, and a portion of the rotating cylinder 18 passes through the side wall of the grinding cover 11. A laser detector 19 is provided inside the rotating cylinder 18, and the probe of the laser detector 19 is positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder 18. The rotating cylinder 18 is connected to a detection motor 2 mounted on the workpiece table. One end of the grinding cover 11 extends below the grinding wheel, and a portion of the nozzles 12 are close to the grinding wheel and facing the edge of the grinding wheel. A collection box 21 is provided on the grinding cover 11, and the collection box 21 is located below the grinding wheel and the lens grinding position. A collection sponge 22 is provided inside the collection box 21. The supply system in the grinding machine includes devices such as water pumps and air pumps to provide cleaning fluid, grinding fluid, and air jets and suction. Nozzles 12 are connected to the air jet end of the supply system through air pipes, and suction pipes 13 are connected to their suction ends. Baffles 14 are evenly distributed in an arc shape within the grinding hood 11 with the center of a positioning fixture 1 as the reference, so that the centering blocks 15 are also evenly distributed with the positioning fixture 1 as the center, facilitating the centering operation after the blank is placed. The clamp is a conventional tool for fixing parts. When the centering block 15 needs to be fixed, the clamp plays a fixing role. When the centering block 15 needs to be moved, the clamp is released. The sliding adjuster 17 is a conventional electrically driven moving device used to move the measuring scale 16 and the centering block 15. After fine adjustment, the center of the blank is aligned with the center of the positioning fixture 1. The laser detector 19 is used to detect parameters such as the thickness and contour of the blank, assisting the grinding machine in achieving online positioning and grinding quality inspection. Specific workflow: When installing the blank, the blank is placed on the centering block 15. The ring-shaped centering block 15 supports the blank, while the worker or grinding machine moves the measuring scale 16 and the centering block 15 by extending and retracting the sliding adjuster 17. At this time, the detection motor 2 drives the rotating drum 18 to rotate, and the rotating drum 18 drives the probe of the laser detector 19 to rotate towards the blank. The center of the lens is detected by the laser detector 19, and the measuring scale 16 and the centering block 15 are moved by the sliding adjuster 17 to automatically center the blank, improving the convenience of blank installation and positioning, thereby improving the processing efficiency of grinding and polishing. In addition, the worker can also position the blank by himself, using the parameters displayed by multiple measuring scales 16 to complete the positioning and installation of the blank using the conventional multi-point centering method, improving the ease of use. Then, the sliding adjuster 17 drives the centering block 15 away from the reset position, and the positioning fixture 1 drives the blank to rotate. The worker can use the rotating drum 18 to align the rotating lens with the laser detector 19 to verify the positioning accuracy, improve the blank installation accuracy, thereby improve the grinding and polishing accuracy of the blank, and further improve the grinding and polishing quality of the optical surface of the lens. Subsequently, the grinding table controls the grinding wheel to rotate and contact the blank to begin grinding and polishing. The nozzles 12 inside the grinding hood 11 spray grinding or cleaning fluid at an angle to remove the abrasive particles from the blank, improving the cleanliness of the blank surface. In conjunction with the rotation of the blank, centrifugal force is generated, and the solution on the blank is thrown away by the centrifugal force. The fine abrasive particles attached to the blank surface are washed away by the solution and centrifugal force, reducing impurities on the blank surface and improving the grinding quality. The nozzles 12 around the grinding wheel have the same effect on the grinding wheel. The nozzles 12 near the edge of the grinding wheel continuously spray liquid onto the grinding wheel, which not only cleans the abrasive particles but also provides uniform cooling to the high-speed rotating grinding wheel, preventing local overheating of the grinding wheel that could lead to abrasive particle shedding and wheel surface deformation. At the same time, the liquid flushing can reduce local excessive wear caused by the accumulation of abrasive particles on the grinding wheel surface. Furthermore, when changing the blank, the nozzle 12 can also spray cleaning fluid onto the fixture surface on the positioning fixture 1, thereby improving the cleanliness of the positioning fixture 1 by rinsing and preventing the positioning fixture 1 from being contaminated by grinding debris, thus improving the accuracy of blank positioning and installation, and further improving the grinding accuracy; the cleaning fluid continuously sprayed by the nozzle 12 forms a stable liquid flow state in the arc-shaped grinding cover 11, and with the slight negative pressure of the suction pipe 13, it can reduce the impact of external airflow and workshop temperature changes on the grinding area, and avoid the blank thermal deformation caused by temperature fluctuations; Impurities away from the workpiece are contacted by the sprayed solution with the arc-shaped inner wall of the grinding hood 11. The solution flows along the inner wall to form a water flow and flows to the suction pipe 13. The grinding debris is carried away by the water flow and will not collide with the inner wall of the grinding hood 11 and bounce back to the workpiece, thus avoiding contamination of the workpiece after cleaning. During grinding, as the rotating drum 18 drives the probe to rotate to cover the outer surface of the grinding hood 11, the slight contact between the probe and the outer surface of the grinding hood 11 can achieve physical dust removal, removing floating dust from the probe surface. At the same time, the shielding of the grinding hood 11 forms a physical protective layer, preventing liquid mist and grinding debris particles in the grinding area from adhering to the probe and forming stubborn stains, thus ensuring the optical accuracy of laser detection. During grinding, the grinding shavings generated by the grinding wheel and the workpiece typically splash downwards. These shavings then come into contact with the collecting sponge 22 and the buffering effect of the water flow. This buffering reduces the contact force and the degree of shavings splashing, thereby improving the cleanliness of the grinding area and ultimately enhancing the grinding quality. The rinsed solution, carrying the grinding shavings, flows directionally along the inner wall into the collecting box 21, preventing waste caused by the grinding fluid splashing everywhere. Simultaneously, the collected shaving-containing liquid can be simply filtered and then returned to the supply system, achieving initial recycling of the grinding fluid and reducing processing consumable costs. The collecting sponge 22 can perform preliminary filtration and classification of the grinding shavings; larger particles are retained by the sponge, while smaller particles flow with the liquid to the bottom of the collecting box 21, facilitating subsequent classification and recycling. For example, optical glass grinding shavings can be reprocessed into abrasive raw materials, achieving resource reuse. Furthermore, during the centering stage, the laser detector 19 transmits the center, axis, and contour data of the blank to the control system. The control system automatically calculates the centering deviation and sends a command to the sliding adjuster 17 to achieve automatic centering. During the grinding stage, the laser detector 19 monitors the grinding thickness, surface contour, and curvature parameters of the lens in real time and feeds the data back to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the feed rate of the grinding table, the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, and the spray volume of the grinding fluid. After grinding is completed, the laser detector 19 automatically performs finished product accuracy inspection to determine whether it is qualified. For example, if the laser detector 19 detects that the grinding allowance in a certain area is greater than the design value during processing, the control system immediately sends a command to the grinding table to increase the feed rate in that area and reduce the grinding wheel speed at the same time to ensure grinding uniformity and avoid local under-grinding or over-grinding.

[0021] Example 2: Based on Embodiment 1, a sliding block 23 is slidably connected to the grinding cover 11. The sliding blocks 23 are symmetrically arranged and distributed at the ends of the grinding cover 11. A linkage wheel 24 is rotatably connected to the grinding cover 11. The linkage wheel 24 is located between the symmetrical sliding blocks 23, and one side of the linkage wheel 24 is connected to the first sliding block 23, and the other side is connected to the second sliding block 23. A transmission rope 25 is connected between the linkage wheel 24 and the rotating drum 18. A rotating rod 26 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 23. One end of the rotating rod 26 is connected to the drive motor 27 installed on the sliding block. A brush 28 is provided on the rotating rod 26, and the brush 28 covers the open end of the grinding cover 11. The linkage wheel 24 is connected to the rotating drum 18 or the rotating end of the detection motor 2 through conventional transmission parts such as the transmission rope 25, so that the rotating drum 18 drives the linkage wheel 24 to rotate; the drive motor 27 is a conventional small motor, which controls the rotating rod 26 to rotate together with the blank through the controller; the brush 28 is a conventional flexible wear-resistant type used to clean the blank. The rotating rod 26 is provided with a rotating groove 29, and a wiping sponge 3 is rolled up in the inner wall of the polishing cover 11. A traction rope 31 is provided in the wiping sponge 3. One end of the traction rope 31 extends out of the inner wall of the polishing cover 11 and passes around the rotating groove 29 before being fixed to the inner wall of the polishing cover 11. The inner wall of the polishing cover 11 is slidably connected with comb teeth 32, one side of the comb teeth 32 extends into the brush 28, and the wiping sponge 3 and the traction rope 31 pass through the comb teeth 32. The comb teeth 32 are hollow inside, and the comb teeth 32 are connected to the supply system through an air pipe. The comb teeth 32 are evenly provided with air jet holes 33 on the side away from the center of the polishing cover 11. Specific workflow: During pre-grinding inspection, the rotating drum 18 drives the linkage wheel 24 to rotate forward via the transmission rope 25. The rotation of the linkage wheel 24 drives the adjacent sliding blocks 23 to move closer to both sides of the blank. The sliding blocks 23 drive the rotating rod 26 to move closer to each other. The rotating rod 26 drives the brush 28 to contact the blank. At this time, the blank and the positioning fixture 1 are in a stationary state. When inspection begins, the positioning fixture 1 drives the blank to rotate. The drive motor 27 drives the brush 28 to rotate via the rotating rod 26, gently washing the surface of the blank to remove impurities and improve the inspection accuracy before grinding, thereby improving the grinding quality of the lens. If the blank is contaminated, the nozzle 12 sprays cleaning fluid onto the blank. The brush 28 brushes away the water, and the suction pipe 13 sucks away the water. Combined with the centrifugal dehydration effect of the blank rotation, the drying of the blank is accelerated, the inspection time is shortened, and the inspection efficiency is improved, thereby improving the lens grinding efficiency. During polishing, the brush 28 is placed close to the blank and the brush 28 is sealed at the opening of the polishing cover 11 to prevent the grinding dust and other impurities generated by the polishing wheel from entering the polishing cover 11. This ensures that the blank can keep its surface clean when it comes into contact with the polishing wheel through the brush 28, thereby improving the polishing quality. In addition, the brush 28 intercepts the splashes of impurities generated during polishing, which can protect the surface of the blank from being scratched by impurities and improve the integrity of the blank surface. During the grinding process, when checking the grinding status, the same method as above is used. The rotating drum 18 drives the brush 28 to contact the blank, clean the blank, reduce the grinding debris on the surface of the blank, improve the detection accuracy, and make it convenient for workers to control the grinding quality in a timely manner, thereby improving the effect of lens grinding and polishing. In addition, the brush 28 blocking the opening end of the grinding cover 11 can also play a role in shielding light, avoiding the strong light in the grinding area from affecting the detection. When the grinding quality needs to be checked after grinding is finished, the same method is used to check it again. While the rotating drum 18 moves the probe of the laser detector 19 close to the blank, the brush 28 cleans the blank at the same time, and the inspection can start immediately, which shortens the inspection time and improves the ease of use. When changing the blank after grinding, the rotating drum 18 drives the brushes 28 to move closer to each other. At this time, the positioning fixture 1 clamps the blank, and the brushes 28 contact the positioning fixture 1 to start cleaning it, thereby improving the cleanliness of the positioning fixture 1, thus improving the positioning accuracy of the blank, and further improving the grinding and polishing quality of the lens. If the surface of the blank is severely contaminated, the rotating rod 26 moves closer to the blank, causing the rotating groove 29 to move closer to the blank. One end of the traction rope 31 is fixed to the inner wall of the polishing cover 11, and the other end, together with the wiping sponge 3, is rolled up in the inner wall of the polishing cover 11. The rotating groove 29 moves and pulls the traction rope 31. One end of the traction rope 31 is fixed, while the other end is pulled out from the inner wall of the polishing cover 11. The traction rope 31 moves the wiping sponge 3 to the outside of the brush 28. The wiping sponge 3 covers part of the brush 28, so that the blank is cleaned by both the brush 28 and the wiping sponge 3 at the same time, improving the cleanliness of the blank. In addition, the nozzle 12 and the suction tube 13 can also cool down the blank, preventing it from overheating due to cleaning. By setting the comb teeth 32, the brush 28 passes through the comb teeth 32 when rotating. The comb teeth 32 cleans impurities and contaminants from the brush 28 while straightening the brush 28, improving the cleanliness of the brush 28. In addition, the traction rope 31 and the wiping sponge 3 pass through the comb teeth 32 when working or resetting. The comb teeth 32 clean the surface of the traction rope 31 and the wiping sponge 3 by squeezing and scraping, removing impurities from their surface, improving the cleaning effect, and thus improving the polishing quality of the lens. In addition, the impurities cleaned are moved away from the blank by the suction of the suction tube 13, and the impurities are also affected by the rotation of the blank, preventing them from re-adhering to its surface and causing contamination. Furthermore, the comb teeth 32 can be optionally connected to the sliding block 23. The sliding block 23 drives the comb teeth 32 to move together, ensuring that the distance between the comb teeth 32 and the brush 28 is fixed, preventing the brush 28 from moving away from the comb teeth 32, which would result in the brush 28 not being cleaned in time and carrying impurities that would wear down the surface of the blank. Furthermore, the comb teeth 32 are connected to the jet end of the supply system. The comb teeth 32 spray air onto the surface of the blank through the jet holes 33 to remove impurities from the surface of the blank before cleaning, avoiding damage caused by mutual friction during cleaning, reducing scratches on the surface of the blank, and improving the polishing quality of the blank. In actual polishing, the air around the polishing wheel flows radially from the center of the polishing wheel to the edge and is thrown out along the tangent. Due to the high rotation speed of the polishing wheel, the airflow intensity is greater than that of the blank, which causes impurities on the polishing wheel or polishing debris generated during polishing to splash onto the blank. Therefore, through the jet action of the jet holes 33, the splashed polishing debris is affected by the airflow ejected from the comb teeth 32, changing the splashing direction from towards the blank to towards the collection box 21, reducing the debris that comes into contact with the blank, reducing the risk of damage to the surface of the blank, thereby improving the integrity of the surface of the blank and thus improving the polishing quality of the lens.

[0022] Example 3: Based on Embodiment 2, the wiping sponge 3 is provided with a compression airbag 34, and the compression airbag 34 is provided with holes evenly distributed for air to be released. The compression airbag 34 is fixed on the traction rope 31. A detection rod 35 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the polishing cover 11. One end of the detection rod 35 extends into the inner wall of the polishing cover 11, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 26. A displacement sensor is provided between the detection rod 35 and the polishing cover 11. Specific workflow: The traction rope 31 and the wiping sponge 3 drive the compression airbag 34 to move. When the compression airbag 34 passes through the comb teeth 32, the air inside the compression airbag 34 is compressed and blows air out from the inside of the wiping sponge 3, blowing out impurities in the wiping sponge 3, thus cleaning the wiping sponge 3 and improving the wiping and cleaning effect of the wiping sponge 3 on the blank or positioning fixture 1. After the compression airbag 34 passes through the comb teeth 32, it is sucked in air on the other side of the comb teeth 32 away from the impurities to restore its original state. Alternatively, the compression airbag 34 can replace the holes with air nozzles and suction nozzles. The air nozzles spray air to clean the wiping sponge 3, and the suction nozzles draw clean air from the position away from the wiping sponge 3 to replenish and restore its original state. Furthermore, since the compression airbag 34 is fixed on the traction rope 31, it can move synchronously with the traction rope 31 when it is compressed, without folding or misalignment. By setting the detection rod 35, when the rotating rods 26 approach each other, the detection rod 35 extends out from the inner wall of the grinding cover 11. A conventional displacement sensor detects the movement distance of both ends of the rotating rod 26. This prevents one end of the rotating rod 26 from moving to a specified distance while the other end does not, which would cause the brush 28 to swing excessively when the rotating rod 26 rotates, thus improving the synchronization of the movement of the rotating rod 26 and the brush 28, maintaining the same contact pressure, and protecting the blank from damage.

[0023] Example 4: Based on Embodiment 3, the detection rod 35 is provided with a baffle 36, and the part of the baffle 36 that contacts the centering block 15 is made of rubber. The baffle 36 is provided with a scraper 37 on one side. The scraper 37 is evenly distributed along the inner wall of the polishing cover 11, and one end of the scraper 37 contacts the inner wall of the polishing cover 11. Specific workflow: When the detection rod 35 moves, it drives the baffle 36 to move. The rubber part on one side of the baffle 36 scrapes the surface of the stationary centering block 15. While protecting the surface of the centering block 15 with the rubber part of the baffle 36, it removes impurities from the surface of the centering block 15. This prevents the blank from being affected by impurities when it is positioned and installed with the assistance of the centering block 15, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the blank and thus improving the grinding and polishing accuracy of the lens. In addition, when stationary, the baffle 36 blocks the end of the stationary centering block 15, which serves to block impurities from the centering block 15 and prevents impurities from colliding or contacting and causing wear on the surface of the centering block 15. Moreover, when the baffle 36 moves, it drives the scraper 37 to move. The scraper 37 scrapes the inner wall of the grinding cover 11, removing the grinding debris and other impurities attached to the inner wall of the grinding cover 11, improving the cleanliness of the inside of the grinding cover 11, avoiding the accumulation of impurities from affecting the inspection of the blank and other work, thereby improving the ease of use. In addition, when the centering block 15 is working, the centering block 15 moves and pushes open the rubber material of the baffle 36. When the centering block 15 is reset, the rubber material of the baffle 36 elastically recovers and covers the centering block 15 again.

[0024] Example 5: A method for manufacturing a planetarium tire lens, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Use the grinding cover 11 to clean the end face of the blank and the clamping part of the positioning fixture 1; start the grinding machine to return to zero, use the machine tool probe to position and calibrate the center reference of the workpiece; for tire lenses, insert the positioning pin with the special fixture, calibrate the astigmatic axis reference, and match the coordinate system of the grinding wheel machining trajectory. S2: Call the corresponding grinding wheel for the process, start the grinding wheel spindle to the rated speed, and move to the workpiece processing area; when approaching the workpiece surface, the contact point between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is detected by the force control sensor to confirm the actual processing start point; based on the design drawings, the actual allowance in each area of ​​the workpiece is detected; S3: The grinding wheel is processed in conjunction with the preset trajectory, the lens rotates in the opposite direction to the grinding wheel, and the corresponding grinding fluid is continuously sprayed during grinding; the rough grinding uses the probe of the laser detector 19 to detect the surface contour in real time and correct the trajectory to ensure that the basic shape and position of the toroidal surface are qualified; the fine grinding uses the probe of the laser detector 19 to detect the surface roughness and curvature in two directions and correct the trajectory in minute increments. S4: After the main body grinding is completed, retract the tool, stop the rotation of the grinding wheel and lens, and turn off the grinding fluid spray; verify the grinding accuracy again through the laser detector 19. If it passes the test, proceed to the polishing process; otherwise, return to the original position.

[0025] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens, comprising a grinding machine, a workpiece stage, a positioning fixture (1), a grinding table, a grinding wheel, and a control system; characterized in that, Also includes: A grinding cover (11) is installed on the workpiece table. The grinding cover (11) is arc-shaped and has nozzles (12) evenly arranged on the inner walls of both sides. A suction tube (13) is provided on the middle inner wall of the grinding cover (11). A baffle (14) is provided inside the grinding cover (11). The baffle (14) is evenly distributed along the arc trajectory. A centering block (15) is slidably connected to one end of the baffle (14). A measuring scale (16) is provided between the centering block (15) and the circumferential surface of the positioning fixture (1). The measuring scale (16) is connected to the sliding adjuster (17) installed on the positioning fixture (1). A rotating cylinder (18) is rotatably connected to the outside of the grinding cover (11), and a part of the rotating cylinder (18) passes through the side wall of the grinding cover (11). A laser detector (19) is provided inside the rotating cylinder (18), and the rotating cylinder (18) is connected to the detection motor (2) installed on the workpiece table. One end of the grinding cover (11) extends to the bottom of the grinding wheel, and part of the nozzles (12) are close to the grinding wheel and facing the edge of the grinding wheel. A collection box (21) is provided on the grinding cover (11), and the collection box (21) is located below the grinding wheel and the lens grinding position. A collection sponge (22) is provided inside the collection box (21).

2. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding cover (11) is slidably connected to a sliding block (23), which is symmetrically arranged and distributed at the ends of the grinding cover (11). A linkage wheel (24) is rotatably connected to the grinding cover (11). The linkage wheel (24) is located between the symmetrical sliding blocks (23), and one side of the linkage wheel (24) is connected to the first sliding block (23), and the other side is connected to the second sliding block (23). A transmission rope (25) is connected between the linkage wheel (24) and the rotating drum (18). A rotating rod (26) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (23). One end of the rotating rod (26) is connected to the drive motor (27) installed on the sliding block (23). A brush (28) is provided on the rotating rod (26), which covers the opening end of the grinding cover (11).

3. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating rod (26) is provided with a rotating groove (29), and a wiping sponge (3) is rolled up in the inner wall of the polishing cover (11). A traction rope (31) is provided in the wiping sponge (3). One end of the traction rope (31) extends out of the inner wall of the polishing cover (11) and passes around the rotating groove (29) before being fixed on the inner wall of the polishing cover (11).

4. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the polishing cover (11) is slidably connected with comb teeth (32), one side of the comb teeth (32) extends into the brush (28), and the wiping sponge (3) and the traction rope (31) pass through the comb teeth (32).

5. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 4, characterized in that: The comb teeth (32) are hollow inside, and the comb teeth (32) are connected to the supply system through an air pipe. Air jet holes (33) are evenly provided on the side of the comb teeth (32) away from the center of the polishing cover (11).

6. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wiping sponge (3) is provided with a squeezing airbag (34), and the squeezing airbag (34) has evenly distributed holes for air to be released. The squeezing airbag (34) is fixed on the traction rope (31).

7. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 6, characterized in that: A detection rod (35) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the polishing cover (11). One end of the detection rod (35) extends into the inner wall of the polishing cover (11), and the other end is rotatably connected to the rotating rod (26). A displacement sensor is provided between the detection rod (35) and the polishing cover (11).

8. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection rod (35) is provided with a baffle (36), and the part of the baffle (36) that contacts the centering block (15) is made of rubber.

9. The processing apparatus for a planetarium tire lens according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baffle (36) is provided with a scraper (37) on one side. The scraper (37) is evenly distributed along the inner wall of the polishing cover (11), and one end of the scraper (37) contacts the inner wall of the polishing cover (11).

10. A method for processing a planetarium tire lens, wherein the processing method uses the processing apparatus described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The processing method steps are as follows: S1: Clean the end face of the lens blank and the clamping part of the positioning fixture (1) using the grinding cover (11); start the grinding machine to return to zero, position it through the machine tool probe, and calibrate the center reference of the workpiece; for tire lenses, insert the positioning pin with the special fixture, calibrate the astigmatic axis reference, and match the coordinate system of the grinding wheel processing trajectory. S2: Call the corresponding grinding wheel for the process, start the grinding wheel spindle to the rated speed, and move to the workpiece processing area; when approaching the workpiece surface, the contact point between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is detected by the force control sensor to confirm the actual processing starting point; Based on the design drawings, inspect the actual allowance in each area of ​​the workpiece; S3: The grinding wheel is processed in conjunction with the preset trajectory, the lens rotates in the opposite direction to the grinding wheel, and the corresponding grinding fluid is continuously sprayed during grinding; the rough grinding uses the probe of the laser detector (19) to detect the surface contour in real time and correct the trajectory to ensure that the basic shape and position of the toroidal surface are qualified; the fine grinding uses the probe of the laser detector (19) to detect the surface roughness and curvature in two directions and correct the trajectory in small amounts one by one. S4: After the main body grinding is completed, retract the tool, stop the rotation of the grinding wheel and lens, and turn off the grinding fluid spray; verify the grinding accuracy again through the laser detector (19). If it is qualified, proceed to the polishing process; otherwise, return.

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