A coal and rock drill cuttings binder, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of borehole sealing and filling technology, specifically relating to a coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent, its preparation method, and its application. The coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent provided by this invention includes a base material and additives. The base material is an inorganic cementing material, including at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium silicate, calcium aluminoferrite, and calcium aluminate. The additives include at least one of an adhesive, suspending agent, water-reducing agent, reinforcing agent, expanding agent, or speed-regulating agent. In this gelling agent, the base material can bind the drill cuttings, which play a skeletal role, improving material strength; the additives can further optimize the material's strength, setting time, and other properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of borehole sealing technology, specifically relating to a coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Borehole sealing plays a crucial role in water hazard prevention, gas disaster prevention, and efficient gas extraction. Sealing materials prevent borehole collapse, avoid fluid leakage, and enhance borehole stability, making them a decisive factor in borehole sealing quality and of great significance to mine safety and efficient resource utilization. As deep mining gradually becomes the new normal in resource development, the complex mechanical environment of "high altitude, high temperature, high humidity, and high risk of disturbance" leads to frequent mine safety accidents, making the situation for safe mining more severe, and the requirements for borehole sealing materials are constantly increasing.

[0003] Currently, two main types of materials are used for filling and sealing boreholes: cement-based materials and chemical grouting materials. Traditional cement-based materials suffer from problems such as large usage, easy shrinkage after curing, and poor grouting properties, easily clogging grouting pipelines and resulting in poor sealing quality. Furthermore, cement clinker production consumes large amounts of coal, electricity, limestone, and other resources, and emits significant amounts of carbon dioxide, causing resource waste and environmental pollution. Polymer-based sealing materials such as polyurethane, silicate-polyurethane composites, and epoxy resins are costly, have poor durability, and require stringent operation. They also typically require the release of large amounts of heat for rapid reaction and expansion, posing a threat to mine safety. These technological bottlenecks restrict the application of traditional materials in high-performance borehole sealing, making it difficult to meet the requirements for deep and efficient borehole sealing, and severely hindering the development of borehole sealing technology.

[0004] Drilling projects generate large quantities of drill cuttings, which present problems such as high reprocessing and transportation costs, occupying underground working space, increasing mine ventilation resistance, polluting the working environment, and endangering personnel health. Resource utilization technologies for mine solid waste have achieved excellent results in backfilling mining, but these technologies suffer from high raw material requirements, complex processing techniques, and poor applicability. Furthermore, existing technologies require transporting drill cuttings to the surface for pretreatment before mixing them with cementitious materials and transporting them to the working face, failing to address the high transportation costs associated with large-scale applications. The characteristics of drill cuttings generated from mines with different geological conditions vary significantly, resulting in poor stability of the prepared drill cuttings-based composite materials, making large-scale resource utilization of drill cuttings difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention provide a coal and rock drill cuttings binder.

[0006] The coal and rock drill cuttings binder of this invention includes a base material and additives; The base material is an inorganic cementitious material, including at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium silicate, calcium aluminoferrite, and calcium aluminate; The additives include at least one of adhesives, suspending agents, water-reducing agents, reinforcing agents, swelling agents, or speed regulators.

[0007] The advantages and technical effects of the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the base material serves as the main cementing component of the gelling agent, providing basic strength and setting performance; the adhesive enhances the bonding force between the gelling agent and the drill cuttings, solving the problems of insufficient bonding strength between traditional gelling agents and drill cuttings, and poor universality for different types of drill cuttings, thereby improving the overall bonding strength of the material; the use of additives achieves synergistic optimization of properties such as stability and strength, further optimizing the performance of the gelling agent; 2. In this invention, the adhesive is a water-soluble powder, which, compared with traditional liquid adhesives, has the characteristics of simple operation and good system compatibility, and has low requirements for operating temperature, feeding and stirring methods, requiring only short-term stirring for grouting, thus improving the efficiency of hole sealing construction; 3. In this invention, the gelling agent is a single-component powder gelling agent, which, compared with traditional two-component gelling agents... Compared with liquid materials, this material has a higher operational tolerance, effectively improving the convenience of transportation and construction. It avoids problems such as the difficulty in handling and high transportation costs after leakage of liquid materials, the inability of a single component of a two-component material to be used alone, or performance fluctuations due to ratio deviations. It significantly improves the stability and operability in engineering applications. 4. In the embodiments of this invention, the ratio of each substance can be flexibly adjusted according to the diverse needs of actual engineering projects. By utilizing the competitive reaction mechanism between the water-soluble polymer network and the cement solid, sealing materials with different properties can be prepared. This gelling agent can be compounded with different types of drill cuttings to construct a sealing material whose reaction process and structural performance can be controlled as needed. It breaks through the limitations of traditional gelling agents on the type of drill cuttings, realizes the timely reuse of drill cuttings, and can meet the drilling sealing needs under different geological conditions and engineering requirements, significantly reducing labor intensity and cost input.

[0008] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the base material and the additives is 100:(15-40).

[0009] In some embodiments, the adhesive in the additive is 0.5 to 10 parts by weight; And / or, the weight part of the suspending agent in the adjuvant is 0.5~2.0; And / or, the water-reducing agent in the additives has a weight ratio of 0.5~2.0; And / or, the reinforcing agent in the additive is 3 to 10 parts by weight; And / or, the weight part of the expanding agent in the additive is 0.02~2.0; And / or, the weight part of the speed regulator in the adjuvant is 8~20.

[0010] In some embodiments, the adhesive is a water-soluble adhesive powder, which includes at least one of 801 adhesive powder, polyvinyl alcohol, 901 adhesive powder, redispersible latex powder, or polyacrylamide. And / or, the suspending agent includes at least one of cellulose ether, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sorbitol, or starch ether; And / or, the water-reducing agent includes at least one of polycarboxylate water-reducing agents or naphthalene-based water-reducing agents; And / or, the reinforcing agent includes at least one of mineral powder, silica fume, or metakaolin; And / or, the expanding agent includes at least one of calcium oxide expanding agent, magnesium oxide expanding agent, sulfoaluminate expanding agent or plastic expanding agent; And / or, the speed regulator includes at least one of calcium formate, sodium aluminate, lithium carbonate, gypsum, citric acid, or sodium citrate.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned coal and rock drill cuttings cementitious agent, comprising: first mixing the additives into powder according to a certain ratio, and then adding the base material according to a certain ratio and mixing evenly.

[0012] This invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent or the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in borehole sealing, including the following steps: (1) After pre-treating the drill cuttings, mix them with water, then add a gelling agent and stir to obtain a sealing material; (2) Use the sealing material obtained in step (1) to perform drilling and sealing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pretreatment in step (1) includes: collecting drill cuttings and then performing water filtration and screening treatment, crushing and screening coarse aggregates that do not meet the particle size requirements to obtain drill cuttings fine aggregates.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step (1), the mass ratio of the drill cuttings and the gelling agent is (0~4):1, the mass ratio of the water and the material is (0.6~1.2):1, and the material is drill cuttings and the gelling agent.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step (2), the borehole seal includes a rigid sealing stage and / or a flexible sealing stage; In the rigid sealing stage, the mass ratio of water to material is (0.6~0.8):1; In the flexible sealing stage, the mass ratio of water to material is (0.8~1.2):1.

[0016] In some embodiments, a segmented grouting process is used to achieve a rigid sealing stage and a flexible sealing stage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling sealing process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] The coal and rock drill cuttings binder of this invention includes a base material and additives; The base material is an inorganic cementitious material, including at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium silicate, calcium aluminoferrite, and calcium aluminate; The additives include at least one of adhesives, suspending agents, water-reducing agents, reinforcing agents, swelling agents, or speed regulators.

[0020] In this invention, the coal and rock drill cuttings cementitious agent base material serves as the main cementing component, providing the cementitious agent with basic strength and setting properties. The adhesive enhances the bond between the cementitious agent and the drill cuttings, solving problems such as insufficient bonding strength between traditional cementitious agents and drill cuttings, and poor applicability to different types of coal and rock drill cuttings, thus improving the overall bonding strength of the material. Additives are used to synergistically optimize properties such as stability and strength, further optimizing the performance of the cementitious agent. In this invention, the adhesive is a water-soluble powder, which, compared to traditional liquid adhesives, has advantages such as ease of operation and good system compatibility. It has lower requirements for operating temperature, feeding, and stirring methods, requiring only short-term stirring for grouting, improving the efficiency of borehole sealing construction. In this invention, the cementitious agent is a single-component powder material, which, compared to traditional two-component and liquid materials, has higher... The improved operational tolerance enhances the convenience of transportation and construction, avoiding problems such as the difficulty in handling and high transportation costs of liquid material leaks, the inability of a single component in two-component materials to be used alone, or performance fluctuations due to ratio deviations. This significantly improves stability and operability in engineering applications. In this embodiment, the ratio of each substance can be flexibly adjusted according to the diverse needs of actual engineering projects. By utilizing the competitive reaction mechanism between the water-soluble polymer network and the cementitious solid, sealing materials with different properties can be prepared. This gelling agent can be compounded with different types of borehole coal and rock cuttings to construct sealing materials whose reaction process and structural performance can be controlled as needed. This breaks through the limitations of traditional gelling materials on the type of coal and rock cuttings, enabling timely reuse of borehole coal and rock cuttings. It can meet the borehole sealing requirements under different geological conditions and engineering requirements, significantly reducing labor intensity and cost input.

[0021] In some embodiments, preferably, the weight ratio of the base material and the additives is 100:(15-40).

[0022] In some embodiments, preferably, the adhesive in the additive is 0.5 to 10 parts by weight; And / or, the adhesive is a water-soluble adhesive powder, which includes at least one of 801 adhesive powder, polyvinyl alcohol, 901 adhesive powder, redispersible latex powder, or polyacrylamide.

[0023] In some embodiments, preferably, the suspending agent in the adjuvant has a weight ratio of 0.5 to 2.0. And / or, the suspending agent includes at least one of cellulose ether, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sorbitol, or starch ether. The suspending agent can increase the settling resistance of particulate materials, prevent material sedimentation or stratification, and improve the uniformity and stability of the material.

[0024] In some embodiments, preferably, the water-reducing agent in the additive is 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight; And / or, the water-reducing agent includes at least one of polycarboxylate water-reducing agents or naphthalene-based water-reducing agents. The water-reducing agent can reduce water consumption and improve the fluidity of the slurry without affecting the material strength.

[0025] In some embodiments, preferably, the reinforcing agent in the additive is 3 to 10 parts by weight; And / or, the reinforcing agent includes at least one of mineral powder, silica fume, or metakaolin. The active component of the reinforcing agent can undergo a secondary reaction with cement hydration products, filling pores and improving the density and strength of the material.

[0026] In some embodiments, preferably, the weight part of the expanding agent in the additive is 0.02~2.0; And / or, the expanding agent includes at least one of calcium oxide expanding agent, magnesium oxide expanding agent, sulfoaluminate expanding agent, or plastic expanding agent. The expanding agent produces moderate expansion during the material hardening process, compensating for shrinkage, preventing crack formation, and enhancing the sealing effect.

[0027] In some embodiments, preferably, the weight part of the speed regulator in the adjuvant is 8-20; And / or, the rate modifier includes at least one of calcium formate, sodium aluminate, lithium carbonate, gypsum, citric acid, or sodium citrate. The rate modifier achieves precise control of the material's setting time by adjusting the hydration reaction rate.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned coal and rock drill cuttings cementitious agent, comprising: first mixing the additives into powder according to a certain ratio, and then adding the base material according to a certain ratio and mixing evenly.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent in borehole sealing, including the following steps: (1) After pre-treating the drill cuttings, mix them with water, then add a gelling agent and stir to obtain a sealing material; (2) Use the sealing material obtained in step (1) to perform drilling and sealing.

[0030] In some embodiments, preferably, in step (1), the pretreatment includes: collecting drill cuttings and then performing water filtration and screening treatment, crushing and screening coarse aggregates that do not meet the particle size requirements to obtain drill cuttings fine aggregates.

[0031] In some embodiments, preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of the drill cuttings and the gelling agent is (0~4):1, the mass ratio of the water and the material is (0.6~1.2):1, and the material is drill cuttings and the gelling agent.

[0032] In some embodiments, preferably, in step (1), the drill cuttings include at least one of rock-based drill cuttings or coal-based drill cuttings.

[0033] In some embodiments, preferably, in step (2), the borehole seal includes a rigid sealing stage and / or a flexible sealing stage; In the rigid sealing stage, the mass ratio of water to material is (0.6~0.8):1; In the flexible sealing stage, the mass ratio of water to material is (0.8~1.2):1. It should be noted that when the water to material ratio is 0.8:1, it is the rigid sealing stage.

[0034] In the initial stage of borehole sealing, the prepared low water-to-material ratio sealing material is injected into the borehole to form a rigid sealing structure, achieving initial sealing. Flexible sealing is then achieved by adjusting the water-to-material mass ratio according to actual site conditions. During the flexible sealing stage, the water content in the slurry is high, the cementitious body forms slowly, and the water-soluble polymer network dominates. The water-soluble polymers adsorb onto the surface of cement particles, forming a physical barrier film and reducing the free water content in the system, thus slowing down the hydration process. Simultaneously, it constructs a three-dimensional polymer network with a certain degree of flexibility, forming a plastic flexible sealing material.

[0035] A segmented grouting process can be used to achieve both rigid and flexible sealing structures. A low water-to-material ratio material is injected into the borehole sealer for the rigid sealing structure, while a material with a higher water content is injected into the middle section of the borehole. This allows the grout to fully fill the borehole gaps and tightly bond with the rigid sealing structure. Grouting is stopped after pressure holding. The flexible sealing structure, with its shape-preserving properties, can adaptively deform when the borehole deforms, forming a combined rigid and flexible composite sealing structure with the rigid sealing structure, thus improving the sealing performance and long-term stability of the borehole sealing section.

[0036] Understandably, the content of each material in the material is determined based on the different types of boreholes. For example, for general gas drainage boreholes, the strength requirements for the sealing material are relatively low, and 80% drill cuttings (total powder material) can be used.

[0037] For boreholes requiring pressure and large grouting volumes, such as gas displacement boreholes and water exploration boreholes, the water-to-material ratio or the amount of drill cuttings added can be reduced according to the actual strength requirements, which can significantly reduce the costs of mine waste treatment, materials, labor, and transportation.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1 (1) Take 100 parts of base material (70 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate and 30 parts of calcium silicate) and 30 parts of additives; The additives consist of: 4 parts adhesive, 1 part 801 adhesive powder, and 3 parts polyvinyl alcohol. 2 parts suspending agent; 1 part cellulose ether; 1 part warming colloid; 1 part water-reducing agent: 1 part polycarboxylate water-reducing agent; 5 parts reinforcing agent; 5 parts mineral powder; 1 part expanding agent; 0.98 parts calcium oxide expanding agent; 0.02 parts plastic expanding agent; Speed ​​regulator 17 parts: calcium formate 3 parts, sodium aluminate 2 parts, lithium carbonate 3 parts, gypsum 8 parts, sodium citrate 1 part; Mix the powders evenly to obtain a gelling agent.

[0040] Take 32.5 parts of rock-based drill cuttings (the mass ratio of drill cuttings to cementitious agent is about 0.25:1) and 130 parts of water (the water-material ratio is 0.8:1, and the material includes drill cuttings and cementitious agent). Mix the drill cuttings and water evenly and then add the cementitious agent prepared in step (1). Stir thoroughly for 3~5 minutes, and it can be used for rigid sealing grouting (rigid sealing stage).

[0041] Example 2 This embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, except that: Take 520 parts of rock-based drill cuttings (the mass ratio of drill cuttings to cementitious agent is about 4:1) and 780 parts of water (the water-to-material ratio is 1.2, and the material includes drill cuttings and cementitious agent). After mixing the drill cuttings and water evenly, add the cementitious agent prepared in step (1) and stir thoroughly for 3~5 minutes. It can then be used for flexible sealing grouting (flexible sealing stage).

[0042] Example 3 This embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, except that: Take 520 parts of coal-based drill cuttings (the mass ratio of drill cuttings to gelling agent is about 4:1), take 390 parts of water (the water-to-material ratio is 0.6, and the material includes drill cuttings and gelling agent), mix the drill cuttings and water evenly, then add the gelling agent prepared in step (1), stir thoroughly for 3~5 minutes, and it can be used for rigid sealing grouting (rigid sealing stage).

[0043] Example 4 This embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, except that: Take 520 parts of coal and rock drill cuttings (the mass ratio of drill cuttings to cementitious agent is about 4:1, with 130 parts of rock-based drill cuttings and 390 parts of coal-based drill cuttings), and 390 parts of water (the water-to-material ratio is 0.6, and the material includes drill cuttings and cementitious agent). After mixing the drill cuttings and water evenly, add the cementitious agent prepared in step (1) and stir thoroughly for 3-5 minutes. It can then be used for rigid sealing grouting (rigid sealing stage).

[0044] Example 5 (1) Take 100 parts of base material (30 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate, 60 parts of calcium silicate, and 10 parts of calcium aluminate) and 24 parts of additives; In the additives: 1 part adhesive and 1 part 901 adhesive powder; 2 parts suspending agent; 2 parts starch ether; 1 part water-reducing agent; 1 part naphthalene-based water-reducing agent; 3 parts reinforcing agent; 3 parts silica fume; 1 part expanding agent: 1 part magnesium oxide expanding agent; Speed ​​regulator 16 parts: lithium carbonate 2 parts, gypsum 14 parts; Mix the powders evenly to obtain a gelling agent.

[0045] (2) Take 186 parts of rock-based drill cuttings (the mass ratio of drill cuttings to cementitious agent is about 1.5:1) and 186 parts of water (the water-material ratio is 0.6, and the material includes drill cuttings and cementitious agent). After mixing the drill cuttings and water evenly, add the cementitious agent prepared in step (1) and stir thoroughly for 3~5 minutes. It can then be used for rigid sealing grouting (rigid sealing stage).

[0046] The grouting materials prepared in Examples 1-5 were injected into molds, and strength tests were conducted one day later. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 shows the amount of drill cuttings, gelling agent, water, and material properties in each embodiment.

[0048] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0049] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal and rock drill cuttings binder, characterized in that, Including base materials and additives; The base material is an inorganic cementitious material, including at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium silicate, calcium aluminoferrite, and calcium aluminate; The additives include at least one of adhesives, suspending agents, water-reducing agents, reinforcing agents, swelling agents, or speed regulators.

2. The coal and rock drill cuttings binder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the base material and the additives is 100:(15-40).

3. The coal and rock drill cuttings binder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adhesive in the additives is 0.5-10 parts by weight; And / or, the weight part of the suspending agent in the adjuvant is 0.5~2.0; And / or, the water-reducing agent in the additives has a weight ratio of 0.5~2.0; And / or, the reinforcing agent in the additive is 3 to 10 parts by weight; And / or, the weight part of the expanding agent in the additive is 0.02~2.0; And / or, the weight part of the speed regulator in the adjuvant is 8~20.

4. The coal and rock drill cuttings binder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The adhesive is a water-soluble adhesive powder, which includes at least one of 801 adhesive powder, polyvinyl alcohol, 901 adhesive powder, redispersible latex powder, or polyacrylamide. And / or, the suspending agent includes at least one of cellulose ether, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sorbitol, or starch ether; And / or, the water-reducing agent includes at least one of polycarboxylate water-reducing agents or naphthalene-based water-reducing agents; And / or, the reinforcing agent includes at least one of mineral powder, silica fume, or metakaolin; And / or, the expanding agent includes at least one of calcium oxide expanding agent, magnesium oxide expanding agent, sulfoaluminate expanding agent or plastic expanding agent; And / or, the speed regulator includes at least one of calcium formate, sodium aluminate, lithium carbonate, gypsum, citric acid, or sodium citrate.

5. The method for preparing the coal and rock drill cuttings binder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: First, mix the additives into powder according to the specified ratio, and then add the base material according to the specified ratio and mix evenly.

6. The application of the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent prepared by the preparation method according to claim 5 in borehole sealing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After pre-treating the drill cuttings, mix them with water, then add a gelling agent and stir to obtain a sealing material; (2) Use the sealing material obtained in step (1) to perform drilling and sealing.

7. The application of the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent according to claim 6 in borehole sealing, characterized in that, In step (1), the pretreatment includes: collecting drill cuttings and then performing water filtration and screening treatment, and crushing and screening treatment on drill cuttings aggregate that does not meet the particle size requirements to obtain drill cuttings fine aggregate.

8. The application of the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent according to claim 6 or 7 in borehole sealing, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of the drill cuttings to the gelling agent is (0~4):1, the mass ratio of the water to the material is (0.6~1.2):1, and the material is drill cuttings and gelling agent.

9. The application of the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent according to claim 8 in borehole sealing, characterized in that, In step (2), the borehole seal includes a rigid sealing stage and / or a flexible sealing stage; In the rigid sealing stage, the mass ratio of water to material is (0.6~0.8):1; In the flexible sealing stage, the mass ratio of water to material is (0.8~1.2):

1.

10. The application of the coal and rock drill cuttings gelling agent according to claim 9 in borehole sealing, characterized in that, A segmented grouting process is used to achieve both rigid and flexible sealing stages.

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