Chain-type bio-control technology for complex watersheds in karst major engineering areas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration technology, and discloses a chain-type biological control technology for composite watersheds in major karst engineering areas. This technology includes an upstream source erosion control system, a midstream deceleration and sediment interception system, and a downstream energy dissipation and utilization system. The upstream system embeds moss-gravel water-retaining matrix blocks into rock fissures at slope confluence nodes. The expansion and compression of the matrix blocks, combined with plant roots, form composite anchoring nodes to intercept surface erosion sediment. The midstream system utilizes a three-dimensional root network of heterogeneous aperture ecological flexible netting and contour-lined vegetation hedges to synergistically dissipate runoff energy while maintaining the stability of deep soil and rock layers in the gully wall. The downstream system reduces runoff velocity through a composite energy-cutting zone with staggered planting in a triangular pattern, and, in conjunction with a V-shaped cross-section guiding micro-topography, directs nutrient-rich sediment towards the plant root zone for sediment deposition. This invention achieves in-situ resource utilization of cascaded dissipation and lost sediment through a chain-like spatial configuration of physical components and plant roots.

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