A contact interface consistency regulation device and method for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic hopkinson bar test

Abstract

The application provides a contact interface consistency regulation device and method for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar test, the regulation device integrates low-temperature controlled heating, step-continuous rotary flushing, active-passive composite eddy current interface processing, ultrasonic peeling effect, particle separation recovery and rapid drying function, and builds a three-level regulation mechanism for gasket interface state recovery. Through the implementation of controlled softening, directional flushing and rotary peeling synergy on the gasket contact interface, efficient removal of the vaseline-rock debris composite adhesion layer is realized, and through gasket posture adjustment and flow guide structure strengthening tangential flushing uniformity, secondary particle adhesion is inhibited. The method can realize the repeatable and quantifiable recovery of the gasket contact interface without damaging the performance of the gasket, and provides reliable guarantee for the loading consistency and test accuracy in the true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar dynamics test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-end equipment manufacturing, specifically to a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing device. Background Technology

[0002] The dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing system is used to study materials such as rocks under high strain rates (10⁻⁶). 1 s -1 ~10 3 s -1 This is an important experimental method for studying the dynamic mechanical behavior under multiaxial stress conditions, and it has now been applied in research fields such as three-dimensional rock dynamics, impact failure mechanisms, and dynamic disaster prevention. Patent No. US20210318216A1 details a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system. This system uses six orthogonally arranged square waveguide rods to simultaneously apply stress waves to the six stress surfaces of a cubic rock sample. The arrival time error of each stress wave is controlled within 5μs, and the six stress waves have a high degree of consistency with an error within 1%. It can accurately simulate uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial impact disturbance conditions under complex in-situ stress.

[0003] like Figure 1A As shown, Figure 1A The diagram shows a 3D representation of a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system in the prior art. The components are as follows: X+ waveguide 1, X- waveguide 2, Y+ waveguide 3, Y- waveguide 4, Z+ waveguide 5, and Z- waveguide 6. In this experimental system, considering that the rock sample will undergo significant compressive deformation or even failure under intense multiaxial dynamic stress impact, shims must be placed between the ends of adjacent waveguide bars and the rock sample to avoid direct collisions between the ends of each waveguide bar and the rock sample. Figure 1B As shown, Figure 1B This diagram illustrates the interface contact relationship between the waveguide rod, gasket, and specimen in a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing system (taking the Y-axis direction as an example). The components in the diagram are named as follows: Y+ direction gasket 7, Y- direction gasket 8. To ensure effective transmission of stress waves between the waveguide rod and the rock specimen during the test, reduce interface reflection, and improve loading accuracy, the gaskets are made of titanium alloy of the same material as the waveguide rod, with a cross-section consistent with the waveguide rod. Typical gasket dimensions are 50*50*5mm. Before the test, a coupling medium such as Vaseline needs to be coated on the gasket contact surface to improve interface contact conditions and reduce contact impedance differences. However, during high-speed impact loading, the rock specimen often undergoes significant damage, producing a large amount of rock debris and fine particles. Under high stress and high contact pressure, these particles easily mix with Vaseline, forming a "particle-grease composite adhesive layer" that firmly adheres to the gasket contact surface.

[0004] The aforementioned composite adhesive layer is characterized by strong adhesion, uneven distribution, and difficulty in complete removal through conventional wiping or solvent rinsing, which can adversely affect the experiment. On the one hand, residual particles easily form local protrusions or non-uniform contact areas at the interface between the gasket and the sample, causing stress concentration and altering the stress wave propagation path and reflection characteristics, thereby weakening the accuracy of the experimental data. On the other hand, it is difficult to maintain a consistent gasket contact interface state between different tests, with uncontrollable differences in interface roughness, contact stiffness, and friction conditions, significantly reducing the repeatability and comparability of the experimental results. Existing general-purpose surface treatment or cleaning equipment is mainly designed for general-purpose components, and its mechanism of action largely relies on a single physical ultrasonic process, lacking a dedicated design for the thermal softening characteristics of petroleum jelly, the orientation of the gasket's stress surface, and the distribution characteristics of interface contamination. Furthermore, such equipment cannot effectively collect rock debris particles detached during the interface treatment process, limiting further analysis of particle morphology after the experiment.

[0005] In view of the above problems, based on the actual needs of dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar tests for contact interface consistency, loading repeatability and data reliability, there is an urgent need to develop a device and method that can specifically control the state of the gasket contact interface, so as to achieve controllable recovery and consistency of the contact interface before and after the test, thereby providing important technical support for the stable implementation and high-precision testing of dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar tests. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides a contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing. The device includes a main body with a multi-stage cavity system inside, which integrates the function of contact interface consistency control. A numerical control operating system is located at the front of the main body, setting and controlling the operating parameters of each functional module. An exhaust vent is located on the side of the main body, and a top cover is located on the top of the main body. The top cover includes an air inlet, a spray water inlet channel, a spray water supply pipeline, and a rotating spray head.

[0007] The multi-stage cavity system, from top to bottom, includes a low-temperature controlled heating module, an interface flow field control component, an ultrasonic stripping module, a particle separation and recovery module, and a rapid drying module. These modules are arranged roughly vertically to form a continuous technical link for interface control. The interface flow field control component includes a step-continuous rotary scouring module and an active-passive composite eddy current module. The low-temperature controlled heating module, implemented through a low-temperature controlled heating tube, is used to pre-treat the petrolatum-rock chip composite adhesive layer on the gasket surface by thermal softening, transforming it from a semi-solid state to a low-viscosity fluid state. The step-continuous rotary scouring module includes a tray servo drive system, a rotary transmission gear, and a gasket rotation shaft, used to drive the gasket at a preset tilt angle. Within the range, stepwise and continuous rotational motions are performed to achieve spatial migration of the high-energy flow receiving zone at the interface; the active-passive composite vortex module is equipped with a spray water supply pipeline, a rotating spray head, and a semi-enclosed baffle. The semi-enclosed baffle is equipped with a spiral guide groove, introducing a passive flow field guidance mechanism on the basis of the active rotating flow formed by the rotating spray; the ultrasonic stripping module has an ultrasonic transducer arranged at the top of the ultrasonic action cavity, which performs deep micro-perturbation stripping of the residual adhesion layer by emitting high-frequency vibration waves; the particle separation and recovery module is equipped with a sloped flow guide surface and a filter structure, which uses gravity flow and screening to achieve graded recovery of rock debris particles; the rapid drying module includes rapid drying of the gasket through heated airflow.

[0008] The device also includes a rotatable integrated tray assembly with six modular independent limiting mounting positions. Each mounting position holds a gasket. The integrated tray assembly is connected to the tray servo drive system via a gasket rotation shaft. The gasket rotation shaft cooperates with a rotary transmission gear to enable the gasket to rotate in steps and continuously within a preset angle range. A semi-enclosed flange is provided on the outer circumference of each gasket of the integrated tray assembly. The semi-enclosed means that the flange does not completely enclose the gasket, but has opening areas reserved at the four corners of the gasket.

[0009] The semi-enclosed baffle has several spiral guide grooves on the side facing the gasket. Each guide groove is 3mm±10% wide and 2.5mm±10% deep. The interval between adjacent guide grooves is 3~8mm, and the guide angle is 35°±2°, which is the angle between the spiral guide groove and the horizontal plane.

[0010] Furthermore, the preset angle ranges from -30° to +30°.

[0011] Furthermore, the retaining edge covers an arc range of 320° to 340°.

[0012] Furthermore, the height of the semi-enclosed edge is 4-6mm higher than the gasket, the length is the same as the gasket length, and the thickness is 3mm±10%.

[0013] Furthermore, the spiral guide groove is embedded or slotted on the side of the semi-enclosed baffle facing the gasket.

[0014] Furthermore, the mounting position enables quick clamping and posture limitation of the gasket through quick-release limiting buckles and flexible support ribs.

[0015] A method for controlling the contact interface consistency in dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing, which utilizes any one of the aforementioned devices for control, includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, Gasket Loading and Program Setting: Install the gaskets to be controlled into the modular independent limit mounting positions of the integrated tray assembly to fix the position and posture of the gaskets. Connect the water inlet channel and power supply respectively. Set the interface in the CNC operating system to control the target temperature of the main cavity and start the preset program to put the system into a controlled working state.

[0017] Step 2, Low-temperature controlled heating pretreatment: The gasket is heated as a whole;

[0018] Step 3, Step-by-Step - Continuous Rotation Flushing: Turn on the spray water supply line and the rotating spray head to spray the spray fluid onto the surface of the gasket. At the same time, start the tray servo drive system to drive the gasket rotating shaft to rotate through the rotary transmission gear.

[0019] Step 4, Active-Passive Combined Eddy Current Effect:

[0020] After the step-by-step and continuous rotations are completed, the water level in the main interface control cavity gradually rises, and the rotating spray head continues to spray to provide active vortex drive. When the water level approaches the semi-enclosed baffle and spiral guide channel, the water flow forms a passive vortex under geometric constraints and guidance. The active spray vortex and the passive vortex induced by the baffle and guide channel are coupled to form a controlled local rotating flow field around the gasket, which deeply scours the dead corner area of ​​the interface, prolongs the residence time of pollutants in the high-energy zone, and removes the stripped particles through the baffle opening. When the water level completely exceeds the predetermined height of the top of the baffle, the rotating spray head stops working, and the secondary interface reconstruction stage is completed.

[0021] Step 5, Ultrasonic cavitation deep stripping: After the composite eddy current action is completed, the ultrasonic transducer is activated to perform deep stripping of the residual adhesion layer and secondary deposition layer through ultrasonic cavitation effect and micro-jet action.

[0022] Step 6: Particle separation, solid-liquid fractionation, and collection;

[0023] Step 7: Drying and interface setting.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 2, the heating temperature for heating the gasket as a whole is 50–70°C.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 3, the step-by-step continuous rotation scouring is performed; the rotating transmission gear drives the shim rotation shaft to rotate, and clockwise rotation is defined as "+". First, the shim posture reaches -30°, and then the rotation is adjusted step by step within the preset tilt angle range: -30° to +30°, with a single rotation of 5° ± 10%. After each rotation, there is a pause of 5 to 7 seconds before proceeding to the next rotation, which is performed a total of 10 to 14 times.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 7, after the spray system is turned off, the low-temperature controlled heating tube is kept in working state, and the air inlet and outlet are opened at the same time to form a forced convection airflow field in the interface control main cavity, which dries the gasket surface and shapes the interface state.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application addresses the problems of insufficient tangential flow in the central region of the gasket contact interface and the tendency of stripped particles to remain in the low-energy region and undergo secondary adhesion by proposing a semi-enclosed spiral guide channel and baffle structure. This structure, by providing a baffle with an opening around the gasket and a spiral guide channel near the gasket, introduces a passive flow field guidance mechanism on top of the active vortex of the spray. This effectively constrains the fluid around the gasket and induces the formation of a stable local rotating flow field, significantly enhancing the tangential shearing effect on the gasket surface, especially in the central region. This prolongs the contact time of interfacial contaminants in the high-energy flow field and promotes the migration of stripped particles from the central high-energy region to the four corner low-energy regions, ultimately discharging them through the baffle openings. This effectively suppresses particle retention and secondary adhesion in the low-energy region.

[0028] This application addresses the problems of single flow direction and easy formation of blind spots in local areas during traditional interface processing. It adopts a rotatable integrated tray structure, which uses a servo system to drive attitude adjustment and modular independent limit design. This allows the six gaskets to rotate stepwise and continuously within a preset angle range during interface processing. This continuously changes the flow direction and energy receiving area of ​​the gaskets on the rock surface, significantly improving the flow uniformity of each area of ​​the gaskets and reducing the proportion of local low tangential energy areas.

[0029] Multi-stage cavity system: This application constructs a multi-stage cavity system integrating low-temperature controlled heating, step-continuous rotary scouring, active-passive composite eddy current action, ultrasonic ablation, particle separation and recovery, and rapid drying, forming a three-level control technology link for ensuring the consistency of the contact interface. Specifically, the low-temperature controlled heating unit pre-regulates the thermal softening characteristics of petrolatum, creating favorable conditions for subsequent flow and acoustic field interactions. Further, through step-continuous rotary scouring and active-passive composite eddy current action, the system enhances the intensity and uniformity of tangential action while achieving efficient ablation and migration of interface contaminants. Finally, combined with ultrasonic action, the residual interface layer is finely ablated and redispersed. Utilizing the slope guidance and filtration structure of the particle separation and recovery cavity, effective solid-liquid separation of the particulate-containing medium is achieved, enabling efficient collection of rock debris particles. This multi-stage cavity structure not only efficiently restores the gasket contact interface state but also provides a reliable sample source for post-experiment particle analysis, allowing the device to simultaneously serve experimental preparation and subsequent research, significantly improving the technical integrity and research depth of the dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar experiment.

[0030] Figure 6 Numerical simulation results of the gasket surface flow field distribution under three operating conditions are shown: no eddies, active eddies formed only by spraying, and active-passive composite eddies of the present invention. The results show that, under the non-eddy flow condition, the water flows from top to bottom in an almost vertical manner onto the pad surface, causing the tangential flow to be mainly concentrated in the surrounding edge areas, while the tangential velocity in the central area is close to zero. Although vertical scouring can loosen pollutants, the lack of tangential shear makes it easy for secondary deposition to occur, and the average tangential velocity is the lowest and the distribution is extremely uneven. Compared with the non-eddy flow condition, when only active eddies are formed, the proportion of high tangential velocity areas on the interface surface is significantly increased, and the average and uniformity of tangential velocity are improved. However, there are still obvious low tangential zones in the central area, and cleaning blind spots still exist. After further introducing the baffle and the guide channel to form a passive eddy, the tangential velocity in the central area is significantly increased, with the proportion of medium and high tangential areas reaching more than 80%. The average tangential velocity is the highest and the distribution is the most uniform. Although there is local low-energy flow in the corner areas, their area is small and they are not major pollutant accumulation areas. After pollutants enter the four corners, they can be discharged through the reserved channels of the baffle under the action of rotational flow and periodic water flow oscillation. Overall, the present invention exhibits the highest average tangential velocity and best uniformity under active-passive composite eddy current conditions, and also has the best corresponding interface disturbance intensity and pollutant migration efficiency, which can more effectively support the controlled recovery of the gasket contact interface. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1A A 3D diagram of a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson rod system in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of the interface contact relationship between the rod, the gasket, and the specimen in a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing system (taking the Y-axis direction as an example).

[0034] Figure 2A This is a three-dimensional diagram of the contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial testing according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial testing according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the multi-stage cavity system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4A This is a structural schematic diagram of a rotatable integrated tray assembly;

[0038] Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a rotatable integrated tray assembly;

[0039] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of a semi-enclosed edge arrangement;

[0040] Figure 5B This is an enlarged structural diagram of the semi-enclosed sidewall and spiral guide channel (view from an angle tilted above the side).

[0041] Figure 5C This is an enlarged structural diagram of the semi-enclosed sidewall and spiral guide channel (from a frontal view).

[0042] Figure 5D This is an enlarged structural diagram of the semi-enclosed sidewall and spiral guide channel (view from top).

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow field distribution on the surface of the gasket under the active-passive composite vortex condition of the present invention, which is a non-vortex, active vortex-forming method using only spraying to form active vortices.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the particle separation and recovery structure.

[0045] The components in the diagram are named as follows: X+ waveguide 1, X- waveguide 2, Y+ waveguide 3, Y- waveguide 4, Z+ waveguide 5, Z- waveguide 6, Y+ gasket 7, Y- gasket 8, rock sample 9, device cover 10, air inlet 11, device body 12, CNC operating system 13, particle separation and recovery assembly 14, water inlet channel 15, cover handle 16, exhaust vent 17, power input cable 18, rotating spray head 19, spray water supply pipeline 20, handle suspension hook 21, tray servo drive system 22, integrated tray assembly 23, low-temperature controlled heating tube 24, ultrasonic heat exchanger 25. Ultrasonic transducer connection line; 26. Fine particle filter screen; 27. Medium and coarse particle filter screen; 28. Interface flow field control component; 29. ​​Ultrasonic stripping module; 30. Particle separation and recovery module; 31. Valve-controlled liquid collection and discharge port; 32. Sewage discharge channel; 33. Device base support; 34. Tray handle; 35. Rotary transmission gear; 36. Semi-enclosed side guard; 37. Quick-release limit buckle; 38. Spiral guide channel; 39. Flexible support rib; 40. Gasket rotation shaft; 41. Handle fixing component; 42. Gasket; 43. Fine rock cuttings collection tray; 44. Medium and coarse rock cuttings collection tray; 45. Slope drainage surface; 46. Slide rail; 47. Handle; 48. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0047] In this invention, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this invention can be combined with other embodiments.

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method 1: A contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing.

[0050] This invention provides a contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing. This device organically integrates low-temperature controlled heating, rotational scouring, combined eddy current action, ultrasonic stripping, particle separation and recovery, and rapid drying to achieve systematic control of the gasket contact interface state. Through the synergistic effect of gasket attitude adjustment and passive flow guiding structure, it enhances the uniformity of the tangential energy distribution at the interface and suppresses secondary deposition of contaminants in the low-energy region. Thus, without damaging the gasket performance, it achieves repeatable and quantifiable recovery of the contact interface state, providing a reliable guarantee for loading consistency and testing accuracy in true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing.

[0051] like Figure 2A , Figure 2B As shown, a contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing includes a main body 12 and a top cover 10. The main body 12 has a multi-level cavity system for integrated contact interface consistency control. The front of the main body 12 houses a numerical control operating system 13 for precise setting and process control of the operating parameters of each functional module. The side has an exhaust vent 17 and a power input cable 18. The bottom has a base support 34 (see figure). Figure 3 To achieve overall stable support; the device is equipped with a top cover 10, which is opened and closed by a handle 16. The top cover 10 is also equipped with an air inlet 11, a spray water inlet channel 15, a spray water supply pipeline 20 and a rotating spray head 19 to meet the needs of fluid action and air exchange.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the multi-stage cavity system, from top to bottom, includes a low-temperature controlled heating module, an interface flow field control component 29 (including a step-to-continuous rotary scouring module and an active-passive composite eddy current module), an ultrasonic stripping module 30, a particle separation and recovery module 31, and a rapid drying module. These modules are arranged sequentially along a roughly vertical direction, forming a continuous technical link for interface control. The low-temperature controlled heating module, implemented through a low-temperature controlled heating tube 24, is used to perform thermal softening pretreatment on the petrolatum-rock chip composite adhesive layer on the gasket surface, transforming it from a semi-solid state to a low-viscosity fluid state, thereby reducing the energy required for interface stripping. The step-to-continuous rotary scouring module mainly includes a tray servo drive system 22, a rotary transmission gear 36, and a gasket rotation shaft 41, used to drive the gasket to perform step-to-step and continuous rotational motion within a preset tilt angle range, realizing the spatial migration of the high-energy flow-receiving zone at the interface. Figure 2B and Figure 4A The active-passive composite vortex module is equipped with a spray water supply pipeline 20, a rotating spray head 19, and a semi-enclosed baffle 37. The semi-enclosed baffle 37 has a spiral guide groove 39, introducing a passive flow field guidance mechanism on the basis of the active rotating flow formed by the rotating spray. For example... Figure 2B and Figure 3 The ultrasonic stripping module 30 has an ultrasonic transducer 25 arranged at the top of the ultrasonic cavity. After the ultrasonic transducer 25 is connected to the power supply through the ultrasonic transducer connecting line 26, it can emit high-frequency vibration waves to perform deep micro-perturbation stripping of the residual adhesive layer. Figure 3 The particle separation and recovery module 31 is equipped with a sloped drainage surface 46 (see Figure 7 The system includes a two-stage filtration structure, comprising a fine-particle filter 27 (200 mesh) and a medium-coarse-particle filter 28 (80 mesh), which utilizes gravity flow and sieving to achieve graded recovery of rock debris particles. The rapid drying module consists of an air inlet 11, a low-temperature controlled heating pipe 24, and an air outlet 17, which work together to rapidly dry the gasket using heated airflow.

[0053] like Figure 4A , Figure 4B As shown, this is a rotatable integrated tray assembly 23. The integrated tray assembly 23 is picked up and placed using a tray handle 35, which is limited and stabilized by a handle fixing component 42 to ensure structural reliability during operation. The integrated tray assembly 23 has six modular independent limiting mounting positions, each of which can clamp a gasket 43, corresponding to the six force directions of the true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson rod system. The mounting positions achieve quick clamping and attitude limitation of the gaskets through quick-release limiting buckles 38 and flexible support ribs 40, so that the gaskets maintain a stable and fixed attitude during rotation, avoiding mutual collision, rolling or stacking. The integrated tray assembly 23 is connected to the tray servo drive system 22 through a gasket rotation shaft 41. The gasket rotation shaft 41 cooperates with a rotary transmission gear 36 to enable the gaskets to rotate stepwise and continuously within a preset angle range (-30° to +30°), thereby periodically changing the current receiving direction and energy receiving area on the surface of the gasket, improving the uniformity of interface energy distribution and weakening the low tangential energy region.

[0054] like Figure 4A , 4B , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C , Figure 5DAs shown, a semi-enclosed flange 37 is provided around the outer edge of each pad 43 of the integrated pallet assembly 23. The semi-enclosed means that the flange does not completely enclose the pad 43, but has an opening area reserved at the four corners of the pad, for example, covering an arc range of 320° to 340°. The semi-enclosed baffle 37 has a height of 10mm±10% (4~6mm higher than the gasket; currently, the gasket thickness is generally 5mm), a length of 50mm (currently, the gasket length is generally 50mm), and a thickness of 3mm±10%. The semi-enclosed baffle 37 has several spiral guide grooves 39 on the side facing the gasket. The spiral guide grooves 39 are embedded or slotted on the side of the semi-enclosed baffle 37 facing the gasket. Each guide groove has a width of 3mm±10%, a groove depth of 2.5mm±10%, and the interval between adjacent guide grooves is preferably 3~8mm. The guide angle is 35°±2°, which is the angle between the spiral guide groove 39 and the horizontal plane. The values ​​of the above structural parameters ensure that the fluid is effectively passively guided and constrained based on the active vortex formed by the rotating spray head 19, so that the fluid forms a controlled local rotating flow field around the gasket, which structurally enhances the interfacial tangential shear stress and pollutant residence time, and guides the stripped particles to the particle separation and recovery chamber below through the edge opening.

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the particle separation and recovery module 31 includes a valve-controlled liquid collection outlet 32, a sewage discharge channel 33, and a sloped drainage surface 46. The stripped petrolatum-rock debris mixture flows into the valve-controlled liquid collection outlet 32 ​​and enters the sewage discharge channel 33 to be transported to the sloped drainage surface 46. Under the action of gravity, the mixture passes through the medium-coarse particle filter screen 28 and the fine particle filter screen 27 along the sloped drainage surface 46 to achieve solid-liquid separation. The separated medium-coarse and fine rock debris fall into the medium-coarse rock debris collection tray 45 and the fine rock debris collection tray 44, respectively. The particle separation and recovery component 14 has a pull-out structure through the handle 48 and the slide rail 47. After pulling it out, the collection tray can be taken out as a whole for subsequent particle size distribution and fractal characteristic analysis.

[0056] Specific Implementation Method 2: A method for controlling the consistency of the contact interface in dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Gasket loading and program settings.

[0058] The gaskets 43 to be adjusted are respectively snapped into the modular independent limiting installation positions of the rotatable integrated tray assembly 23. The position and posture of the gaskets are fixed by quick-release limiting buckles 38 to prevent mutual squeezing, displacement or collision during processing. After the gaskets are installed, the tray handle 35 is placed on the handle hook 21 to make the tray in the preset suspended position. Then the water inlet channel 15 and the power input cable 18 are connected respectively. The target temperature of the main cavity (maximum heating temperature 90℃) is set in the CNC operating system 13. The device cover 10 is closed and the preset program is started to put the system into a controlled working state.

[0059] Step 2: Low-temperature controlled heating pretreatment.

[0060] The low-temperature controlled heating tube 24 is activated, and the gasket is heated as a whole according to the set target temperature of the main cavity, which is generally 50–70℃. Within this temperature range, the Vaseline-rock chip composite adhesive layer gradually changes from a semi-solid state to a low-viscosity flow state, and its interfacial bonding strength with the gasket surface is significantly reduced, making it easier to peel off from the gasket surface, providing favorable initial conditions for subsequent flow field effects; at the same time, this temperature range can also avoid thermal damage to the gasket (such as titanium gasket), achieving "low energy consumption and low disturbance" interface pre-control.

[0061] Step 3: Step-by-step continuous rotating flushing.

[0062] Turn on the spray water supply line 20 and the rotating spray head 19 to spray the spray fluid onto the surface of the gasket. At the same time, start the tray servo drive system 22, which drives the gasket rotating shaft 41 to rotate through the rotating transmission gear 36. Clockwise rotation is defined as "+". First, the gasket posture reaches -30°. Then, it is rotated step by step within the preset tilt angle range (-30° to +30°). Each rotation is 5°. After each rotation, there is a pause of 5 to 7 seconds before proceeding to the next rotation. This process is repeated 12 times.

[0063] To quantitatively characterize the enhancement mechanism of fluid action efficiency at different inclination angles, let the spray fluid density be ρ, the spray velocity be v, and the angle between the normal to the gasket surface and the spray direction be θ. Then, the instantaneous dynamic pressure acting on the gasket surface is:

[0064]

[0065] Its equivalent shear stress in the tangential direction of the gasket τ ( θ This can be represented as:

[0066]

[0067] When the gasket 43 is in a horizontal position ( θWhen the angle is approximately 0°, the tangential component approaches zero, and the fluid mainly acts on the interface in the form of positive impact. The contaminant layer is not easily effectively stripped and is prone to re-adhesion. When the tray rotates and tilts to... θ At angles of 15° and 30°, the tangential shear stress increased to approximately 2.97 times and 5.73 times that of the near-horizontal condition, respectively, significantly enhancing the directional exfoliation capability of the Vaseline-rock debris composite adhesive layer; however, when... θ Beyond 30°, excessive tilt angles can cause rapid slippage of the mainstream, creating new cleaning blind spots. Therefore, the working angle range is limited to -30° to +30°. During the distributed rotation process, the high-energy flow-receiving area on the gasket surface dynamically migrates with the change in attitude, achieving primary reconstruction and directional weakening of the interface layer.

[0068] After completing the step-by-step rotation, two consecutive rotation cycles are performed within the same angular range. Subsequently, the shim rotation axis 41 drives the shim 43 to return to a horizontal position. Continuous rotation helps to build a stable overall flow field, improve the uniformity of field strength distribution, and further suppress and weaken interfacial contaminants that may undergo secondary deposition.

[0069] Step 4: Active-passive combined eddy current effect.

[0070] After the step-by-step and continuous rotations are completed, the water level in the main interface control cavity gradually rises, and the rotating spray head 19 continues to spray to provide active vortex drive. When the water level approaches the semi-enclosed baffle 37 and the spiral guide channel 39, the water flow forms a passive vortex under geometric constraints and guidance. The spray active vortex and the passive vortex induced by the baffle and guide channel are coupled to form a controlled local rotating flow field around the gasket, significantly enhancing the tangential shear stress level, deeply scouring the dead zone area of ​​the interface, prolonging the residence time of pollutants in the high-energy zone, and discharging the stripped particles through the baffle opening. When the water level completely exceeds the predetermined height of the baffle top, the rotating spray head 19 stops working, and the secondary interface reconstruction stage is completed.

[0071] Step 5: Ultrasonic cavitation deep ablation.

[0072] Based on the completion of the composite eddy current action, the ultrasonic transducer 25 is activated to perform deep peeling of the residual adhesive layer and secondary deposition layer through ultrasonic cavitation effect and micro-jet action, further improving the thoroughness and consistency of the gasket contact interface restoration.

[0073] Step 6: Particle separation.

[0074] Open the valve-controlled liquid collection outlet 32, and the stripped petrolatum-rock cuttings mixture enters the particle separation and recovery module 31 through the sewage channel 33. Under the action of gravity, it flows along the slope guide surface 46, passing sequentially through the medium-coarse particle filter 28 and the fine particle filter 27 to achieve solid-liquid separation, and is collected in the medium-coarse particle rock cuttings collection tray 45 and the fine particle rock cuttings collection tray 44 respectively. At this time, the particle separation and recovery component 14 can be removed as a whole, and the rock cuttings of different sizes can be classified and bagged to meet the needs of subsequent particle size distribution analysis and experiments.

[0075] Step 7: Rapid drying and interface setting.

[0076] After shutting down the spray system, the low-temperature controlled heating element 24 was kept operational, while the air inlet 11 and exhaust vent 17 were opened to create a forced convection airflow field within the interface control chamber, achieving rapid drying of the gasket surface and setting of the interface state. After approximately 2 minutes of treatment, the contact interface state of the six gaskets returned to uniformity. All programs were then shut down, and all gaskets could be directly removed for the next Hopkinson bar test.

[0077] Through the above steps, the method of the present invention can achieve controlled reconstruction and consistency restoration of the gasket contact interface without introducing high temperature or mechanical damage. Through a three-level control mechanism of step-continuous rotational scouring, active-passive composite eddy current, and ultrasonic cavitation, the interface state is kept highly consistent between different tests, thereby significantly improving the loading consistency, data reliability and repeatability of true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar dynamics tests.

[0078] The specific embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the specific scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, these specific embodiments. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contact interface consistency control device for dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing, characterized in that: The device includes a main body (12), which has a multi-level cavity system inside. The multi-level cavity system integrates the function of consistent control of the contact interface. The front of the main body (12) is a numerical control operating system (13), which sets and controls the working parameters of each functional module. The side of the main body (12) is provided with an exhaust port (17), and the top of the main body (12) is provided with a device cover (10). The device cover (10) is provided with an air inlet (11), a spray water inlet channel (15), a spray water supply pipeline (20), and a rotating spray head (19). The multi-stage cavity system includes, from top to bottom, a low-temperature controlled heating module, an interface flow field control component (29), an ultrasonic stripping module (30), a particle separation and recovery module (31), and a rapid drying module. The modules are arranged in a roughly vertical direction to form a continuous technical link for interface control. The interface flow field control component (29) includes a step-continuous rotary flushing module and an active-passive composite eddy current module. The low-temperature controlled heating module is implemented through a low-temperature controlled heating tube (24) to perform thermal softening pretreatment on the petrolatum-rock chip composite adhesive layer on the gasket surface, so that it changes from a semi-solid state to a low-viscosity fluid state. The step-continuous rotary flushing module includes a tray servo drive system (22), a rotary transmission gear (36), and a gasket rotation shaft (41) to drive the gasket within a preset tilt angle range. The internal rotation is performed in steps and continuously to realize the spatial migration of the high-energy flow receiving area at the interface; the active-passive composite vortex module is equipped with a spray water supply pipeline (20), a rotating spray head (19) and a semi-enclosed baffle (37), and the semi-enclosed baffle (37) is provided with a spiral guide groove (39). On the basis of the active rotating flow formed by the rotating spray, a passive flow field guidance mechanism is introduced; the ultrasonic stripping module (30) is equipped with an ultrasonic transducer (25) at the top of the ultrasonic action cavity, and performs deep micro-perturbation stripping of the residual adhesion layer by emitting high-frequency vibration waves; the particle separation and recycling module (31) is equipped with a sloped flow surface (46) and a filter structure, and realizes the graded recycling of rock debris particles by using gravity flow and screening action; the rapid drying module includes rapid drying of the gasket by heating the airflow; The device also includes a rotatable integrated tray assembly (23), which has six modular independent limiting mounting positions. Each mounting position holds a pad (43). The integrated tray assembly (23) is connected to the tray servo drive system (22) through the pad rotation shaft (41). The pad rotation shaft (41) cooperates with the rotary transmission gear (36) to enable the pad to rotate stepwise and continuously within a preset angle range. The preset angle range is -30° to +30°. A semi-enclosed edge (37) is provided on the outer circumference of each pad (43) of the integrated tray assembly (23). The semi-enclosed means that the edge does not completely enclose the pad (43), but has an opening area reserved at the four corners of the pad. The edge covers an arc range of 320° to 340°. The semi-enclosed baffle (37) has several spiral guide grooves (39) on the side facing the gasket. Each guide groove is 3mm ± 10% wide and 2.5mm ± 10% deep. The interval between adjacent guide grooves is 3~8mm. The guide angle is 35° ± 2°. The guide angle is the angle between the spiral guide groove (39) and the horizontal plane.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the semi-enclosed edge (37) is 4~6mm higher than the gasket, the length is the length of the gasket, and the thickness is 3mm±10%.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral guide groove (39) is embedded or slotted on the side of the semi-enclosed baffle (37) facing the gasket.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting position enables quick clamping and posture limitation of the gasket through quick-release limiting buckles (38) and flexible support ribs (40).

5. A method for controlling the consistency of the contact interface in dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar testing, characterized in that, It is regulated using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Gasket Loading and Program Setting: Install the gaskets to be controlled into the modular independent limit mounting positions of the integrated tray assembly to fix the position and posture of the gaskets. Connect the water inlet channel and power supply respectively. Set the interface in the CNC operating system to control the target temperature of the main cavity and start the preset program to put the system into a controlled working state. Step 2, Low-temperature controlled heating pretreatment: The gasket is heated as a whole; Step 3, Step-by-Step - Continuous Rotation Flushing: Turn on the spray water supply line and the rotating spray head to spray the spray fluid onto the surface of the gasket. At the same time, start the tray servo drive system to drive the gasket rotating shaft to rotate through the rotary transmission gear. Step 4, Active-Passive Combined Eddy Current Effect: After the step-by-step and continuous rotations are completed, the water level in the main interface control cavity gradually rises, and the rotating spray head continues to spray to provide active vortex drive. When the water level approaches the semi-enclosed baffle and spiral guide channel, the water flow forms a passive vortex under geometric constraints and guidance. The active spray vortex and the passive vortex induced by the baffle and guide channel are coupled to form a controlled local rotating flow field around the gasket, which deeply scours the dead corner area of ​​the interface, prolongs the residence time of pollutants in the high-energy zone, and removes the stripped particles through the baffle opening. When the water level completely exceeds the predetermined height of the top of the baffle, the rotating spray head stops working, and the secondary interface reconstruction stage is completed. Step 5, Ultrasonic cavitation deep stripping: After the composite eddy current action is completed, the ultrasonic transducer is activated to perform deep stripping of the residual adhesion layer and secondary deposition layer through ultrasonic cavitation effect and micro-jet action. Step 6: Particle separation, solid-liquid fractionation, and collection; Step 7: Drying and interface setting.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 2, the heating temperature for heating the gasket as a whole is 50–70℃.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 3, the rinsing is performed in a step-by-step, continuous rotation. The rotating shaft of the shim is driven to rotate by the rotating transmission gear. Clockwise rotation is defined as "+". First, the shim's posture reaches -30°. Then, the rotation is adjusted step by step within the preset tilt angle range: -30° to +30°. Each rotation is 5° ± 10%. After each rotation, there is a pause of 5 to 7 seconds before proceeding to the next rotation. This process is repeated 10 to 14 times in total.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 7, after the spray system is turned off, the low-temperature controlled heating tube is kept in working condition, and the air inlet and outlet are opened at the same time to form a forced convection airflow field in the interface control main cavity to dry the gasket surface and shape the interface state.

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