A seismic lethality assessment system that couples earthquake intensity with building structure type

Abstract

This invention provides a seismic lethality assessment system that couples seismic intensity with building structure type. It includes a sequentially connected epicenter setting module, intensity calculation module, building information acquisition module, coupling assessment module, and result output module. The coupling assessment module is communicatively connected to the other four modules, enabling fully automated seismic lethality assessment. This invention deeply couples seismic intensity with building structure type, taking into account factors such as regional topography and population density. It is adapted to the loess hilly topography and building distribution characteristics of the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia, with the epicenter setting and assessment model closely matching the actual regional conditions. The assessment results are directly related to the number of people requiring emergency resettlement and the demand for rescue materials, providing direct support for emergency response plan development and rescue force deployment. Furthermore, this invention can adapt to the assessment needs of different earthquake defense zones by updating building information and adjusting the parameters of the intensity attenuation formula.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake disaster assessment technology, and more specifically, to an earthquake lethality assessment system that couples earthquake intensity with building structure type. Background Technology

[0002] National earthquake-prone key defense areas face the risk of casualties and property damage caused by earthquakes. In particular, in special landform areas such as loess hills and mountains, earthquakes not only directly damage buildings, but also easily induce secondary geological disasters such as landslides and collapses, which exacerbate the risk of death.

[0003] Existing earthquake lethality assessment methods often only consider earthquake magnitude or intensity, ignoring the impact of differences in building structure type (such as seismically fortified buildings and self-built buildings) on lethality, resulting in insufficient accuracy of assessment results. At the same time, the selection of epicenter lacks systematic planning and coordination, making it difficult to fully cover high-risk areas and affecting the comprehensiveness and relevance of the assessment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to construct an assessment system that couples earthquake intensity with building structure type to improve the accuracy of earthquake lethality prediction and provide scientific support for emergency rescue and disaster prevention. Therefore, this paper proposes an earthquake lethality assessment system that couples earthquake intensity with building structure type. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems raised in the existing background technology. To achieve the above-mentioned objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a seismic lethality assessment system coupled with seismic intensity and building structure type, comprising, in sequence, an epicenter setting module, an intensity calculation module, a building information acquisition module, a coupled assessment module, and a result output module. The coupled assessment module is communicatively connected to the other four modules, realizing fully automated assessment of earthquake lethality throughout the entire process.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the epicenter setting module selects eight earthquake originating locations as evaluation epicenters, with each epicenter corresponding to three magnitude gradients of 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0. The selection process satisfies seven principles: deployment along both sides of active faults, reference to forecasting department opinions, uniform distribution at intervals of 30-50 km, adaptation to population and geographical characteristics, reference to historical earthquake data, avoidance of repeated epicenters, and coverage of populated areas.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the intensity calculation module adopts the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula. After inputting the magnitude and epicenter location parameters, it outputs the intensity distribution data of the earthquake influence field under each magnitude, thus clarifying the earthquake intensity level of different regions.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the information collected by the building information collection module includes: building structure type (including earthquake-resistant houses and self-built houses by villagers), seismic performance parameters (including seismic fortification level and structural stability), spatial distribution information (including whether it is adjacent to a hillside or steep slope, whether it is located in the loess gully area or around a landslide hazard point), and regional distribution characteristics (including the proportion of building types in Haiyuan County, Xiji County, and Yuanzhou District).

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lethality assessment function constructed by the coupling assessment module is L=f(I,S,P), where L is the predicted number of deaths from the earthquake, I is the earthquake intensity, S is the weight of the building structure type (the weight of earthquake-resistant houses is lower than that of self-built houses), P is the regional population density, and a secondary disaster risk correction coefficient is configured for self-built houses that are adjacent to hillsides or steep slopes and have no slope protection reinforcement.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hierarchical calculation logic of the coupling evaluation module is as follows: 5.0 magnitude earthquake: The revised death toll is less than a few, the number of injured is more than 10, and the number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 0-2000; 5.5 magnitude earthquake: The revised death toll is less than a few, the number of injured is dozens, and the number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 1,500-6,500. A 6.0 magnitude earthquake: The death toll will be less than a few in sparsely populated areas, but dozens in densely populated areas or areas with a concentration of self-built houses. 7,500-35,000 people will need to be urgently relocated.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the coupled evaluation module synchronously outputs data on the demand for rescue forces and materials: a 5.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of less than 10 people and less than 100 tents; a 5.5 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 5-10 people and 100-300 tents; a 6.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 520-600 people and 500-2300 tents.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the result output module outputs the evaluation results in the form of visual charts and data reports. The reports include the number of deaths, injuries, number of people requiring emergency resettlement, rescue forces and material needs at each epicenter and at each magnitude, and also mark the regional differences between Haiyuan County, Xiji County and Yuanzhou District.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the system is adapted to the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia. The terrain of this area is mainly mountainous and loess hilly, with loess covering more than 70% of the area. The peak ground acceleration is 0.20g-0.3g, which belongs to the VIII-degree seismic fortification zone.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the system can adapt to the lethality assessment needs of different key earthquake defense zones by updating the regional data of the building information acquisition module and adjusting the attenuation formula parameters of the intensity calculation module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention deeply couples earthquake intensity with building structure type and combines factors such as regional topography and population density, solving the limitation of traditional assessment methods that consider only one factor and improving the accuracy of assessment. This invention is adapted to the loess hilly landform and building distribution characteristics of the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia. The epicenter setting and evaluation model are both in line with the actual situation of the region. The assessment results of this invention are directly related to the number of people requiring emergency resettlement and the demand for relief supplies, providing direct support for the formulation of emergency rescue plans and the allocation of rescue forces. This invention can adapt to the assessment needs of different earthquake defense zones by updating building information and adjusting the parameters of the intensity attenuation formula. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A distribution map of earthquake-originating locations within the earthquake damage assessment zone provided by this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the earthquake-originating locations within the earthquake damage assessment zone provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely illustrates some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0019] Example 1: A seismic lethality assessment system that couples seismic intensity with building structure type includes an epicenter setting module, an intensity calculation module, a building information acquisition module, a coupling assessment module, and a result output module connected in sequence. The coupling assessment module is communicatively connected to the other four modules to realize automated assessment of the entire seismic lethality process.

[0020] The epicenter setting module selects eight earthquake originating locations as assessment epicenters, with each epicenter corresponding to three magnitude gradients of 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0. The selection process meets seven principles: deployment along both sides of active faults, reference to forecasting department opinions, uniform distribution at intervals of 30-50 km, adaptation to population and geographical characteristics, reference to historical earthquake data, avoidance of repeated epicenters, and coverage of populated areas.

[0021] The intensity calculation module adopts the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula. After inputting the magnitude and epicenter location parameters, it outputs the intensity distribution data of the earthquake influence field under each magnitude, clarifying the earthquake intensity level of different regions.

[0022] The information collected by the building information collection module includes: building structure type (including earthquake-resistant houses and self-built houses by villagers), seismic performance parameters (including seismic fortification level and structural stability), spatial distribution information (including whether it is adjacent to a hillside or steep slope, whether it is located in a loess gully area or around a landslide hazard point), and regional distribution characteristics (including the proportion of building types in Haiyuan County, Xiji County, and Yuanzhou District).

[0023] The lethality assessment function constructed by the coupled assessment module is L=f(I,S,P), where L is the predicted number of deaths from the earthquake, I is the earthquake intensity, S is the weight of the building structure type (the weight of earthquake-resistant houses is lower than that of self-built houses), and P is the regional population density. In addition, a secondary disaster risk correction coefficient is configured for self-built houses that are adjacent to hillsides or steep slopes and have no slope protection reinforcement.

[0024] The hierarchical calculation logic of the coupling evaluation module is as follows: 5.0 magnitude earthquake: The revised death toll is less than a few, the number of injured is more than 10, and the number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 0-2000; 5.5 magnitude earthquake: The revised death toll is less than a few, the number of injured is dozens, and the number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 1,500-6,500. A 6.0 magnitude earthquake: The death toll will be less than a few in sparsely populated areas, but dozens in densely populated areas or areas with a concentration of self-built houses. 7,500-35,000 people will need to be urgently relocated.

[0025] The coupled assessment module synchronously outputs data on the demand for rescue forces and supplies: a 5.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of less than 10 people and less than 100 tents; a 5.5 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 5-10 people and 100-300 tents; and a 6.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 520-600 people and 500-2300 tents.

[0026] The results output module outputs the assessment results in the form of visual charts and data reports. The reports include the number of deaths, injuries, number of people requiring emergency resettlement, rescue forces and material needs at each epicenter and at each magnitude, and also mark the regional differences between Haiyuan County, Xiji County and Yuanzhou District.

[0027] The system is adapted to the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia. The terrain in this area is mainly mountainous and loess hilly, with loess covering more than 70% of the area. The peak ground acceleration is 0.20g-0.3g, which is classified as a seismic fortification zone of intensity VIII.

[0028] The system can adapt to the lethality assessment needs of different key earthquake defense zones by updating the regional data of the building information acquisition module and adjusting the attenuation formula parameters of the intensity calculation module.

[0029] Example 2: A Seismic Lethality Assessment System Coupled with Seismic Intensity and Building Structure Type I. System Architecture: The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type of the present invention includes five core modules: epicenter setting module, intensity calculation module, building information acquisition module, coupled assessment module, and result output module. Each module works in concert to realize the fully automated assessment process from epicenter parameter input to lethality result output.

[0030] II. Functions of Each Module 1. Epicenter setting module This module is used to scientifically select the earthquake origin location for earthquake assessment. The selection process takes into account the following 7 key factors: Earthquake repetition: Seismic points are set up along both sides of the active fault in the assessment area; Professional forecast reference: Selected from macroscopic anomaly areas and areas where historical destructive earthquakes have occurred, in conjunction with the opinions of earthquake forecasting departments; Spatial distribution rationality: evenly distributed at intervals of 30-50km to ensure coverage of key earthquake defense areas in southern Ningxia and surrounding areas; Regional feature adaptation: Taking into account factors such as population distribution, geographical environment differences, and economic development level, the epicenter is ensured to be evenly distributed; Historical earthquake reference: Optimize site selection by combining the location of historical earthquakes and the time of closure; Avoiding repeated settings: Avoiding earthquake epicenter locations that have been set in recent years; Population coverage requirements: Avoid uninhabited areas and prioritize areas with existing population distribution.

[0031] Based on the above principles, eight earthquake-originating locations were ultimately selected as assessment epicenters, each corresponding to three magnitude gradients of 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0 (based on the maximum possible magnitude of 5.5 in the earthquake hazard zone of southern Ningxia, Gansu, Ningxia, and Shaanxi, with a fluctuation of 0.5 above and below), providing basic parameters for subsequent intensity calculations.

[0032] 2. Intensity Calculation Module Using the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula, and based on the magnitude and epicenter location parameters output by the epicenter setting module, the intensity distribution of the seismic influence field under each magnitude is calculated, and the seismic intensity level of different regions is determined, providing intensity data support for coupled assessment.

[0033] 3. Building Information Collection Module Through on-site surveys and data analysis, core information about buildings within the assessment area was collected, including: Building structure types: distinguish between earthquake-resistant houses, self-built houses by villagers, etc.; Seismic performance parameters: Record the seismic fortification level and structural stability data of buildings of different structural types; Spatial distribution information: Mark the geographical location of the building (such as whether it is adjacent to a hillside or steep slope, whether it is located in a loess gully area, or near a landslide hazard point, etc.); Regional distribution characteristics: Statistics on the proportion of building types in different areas such as Haiyuan County, Xiji County, and Yuanzhou District were compiled to clarify the regional differences in the seismic performance of self-built houses in the suburbs and some villages of Haiyuan County, and the predominance of seismically fortified houses in Xiji County and Yuanzhou District.

[0034] 4. Coupling Evaluation Module This module is the core of the system, enabling coupled analysis of earthquake intensity and building structure type. The specific evaluation logic is as follows: Establish a coupled assessment model: with earthquake intensity as the core influencing factor and building structure type and seismic performance as correction factors, construct a lethality assessment function: L=f(I,S,P), where L is the predicted number of earthquake fatalities, I is the earthquake intensity, S is the building structure type (with different weights assigned, seismically fortified buildings have a lower weight, and self-built buildings have a higher weight), and P is the regional population density. Regional feature correction: Combining the geomorphological features of the assessment area (mountains and loess hills account for more than 70%, and loess gullies are well developed), and considering the additional damage to buildings caused by secondary geological disasters such as landslides and collapses induced by earthquakes, a fatal risk correction coefficient is added for self-built houses that are adjacent to hillsides and steep slopes and have no slope protection reinforcement. Hierarchical calculation logic: Magnitude 5.0 earthquake: No fatalities were reported at the base intensity. Considering sporadic factors and the distribution of self-built houses, the revised death toll is "few" and the number of injured is more than 10. The number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 0-2000 (priority consideration should be given to township centers and urban peripheries). Magnitude 5.5 earthquake: No fatalities were reported under the basic intensity. After adjustments for incidental factors and areas with concentrated self-built housing, the death toll is "few" and the number of injured is in the dozens. The number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 1,500-6,500 (population density is the main basis for adjustment). Magnitude 6.0 earthquake: Based on the population density and seismic performance of buildings in the epicenter area, the death toll is estimated to be less than a few in sparsely populated areas, but dozens in densely populated areas or areas with a high concentration of self-built houses; the number of people requiring emergency relocation is estimated to be 7,500-35,000 (more than 10,000 in most areas). Coordinated Rescue Needs: Based on lethality assessment results and predicted number of people to be resettled, the required rescue forces and materials are output simultaneously: a magnitude 5.0 earthquake requires an emergency response team of no more than 10 people and no more than 100 tents; a magnitude 5.5 earthquake requires an emergency response team of 5-10 people and 100-300 tents; a magnitude 6.0 earthquake requires an emergency response team of 520-600 people and 500-2300 tents.

[0035] 5. Result Output Module The calculation results of the coupled assessment module are output in the form of visual charts and data reports, including the predicted number of deaths, number of injuries, number of people requiring emergency resettlement, and the demand for rescue forces and materials at each epicenter and at each magnitude. At the same time, the differences in the characteristics of Haiyuan County, Xiji County, Yuanzhou District and other regions are marked, providing a clear and accurate reference for emergency decision-making.

[0036] Implementation steps Data Acquisition: Active fault distribution, historical earthquake data, and annual consultation magnitude prediction results were obtained through the Ningxia Earthquake Analysis and Prediction Center; Data on building types, seismic performance, population density, and geomorphological features were collected through field surveys in areas such as Haiyuan County, Xiji County, and Yuanzhou District. Epicenter parameter setting: Based on the seven principles of the system's epicenter setting module, eight epicenter coordinates are determined, and three magnitude parameters of 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0 are configured for each epicenter; Intensity calculation: Input the magnitude and epicenter parameters, call the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula, and calculate the intensity distribution of the earthquake influence field under each magnitude; Coupled assessment: Intensity data, building information, and population density data are input into the coupled assessment model, and combined with secondary geological disaster risk correction, the number of deaths, injuries, resettlement, and rescue needs under each scenario are calculated. Output: Create a visual assessment report and submit it to emergency management departments and earthquake defense agencies for emergency preparedness and risk management.

[0037] Example Taking an epicenter in Haiyuan County, southern Ningxia, as an example, with a magnitude of 6.0, the area is mainly comprised of self-built houses by villagers, some of which are adjacent to loess slopes (without slope protection reinforcement), and has a moderate population density. Intensity calculation: The intensity around the epicenter was determined to be VIII using the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula; Coupled assessment: Considering seismic intensity VIII, low seismic performance of self-built houses, and the risk of secondary disasters caused by slopes, the predicted number of deaths is 15-25 and the number of injuries is 80-100. Resettlement and rescue needs: 12,000-15,000 people need emergency resettlement, 550 emergency response team members, and 1,800-2,000 tents; Results output: The report should clearly indicate the assessment results for the epicenter and surrounding areas, highlighting the impact of self-built houses and the slope environment.

[0038] Setting up earthquake hazard assessment 1. Determine the epicenter of the earthquake. The following factors were considered when selecting the earthquake epicenter: (1) Considering the recurrence of earthquakes, earthquake points are selected on both sides of the active fault in the region; (2) Taking into account the opinions and suggestions of the forecasting department, earthquake points were selected in macroscopic anomaly areas and areas where destructive earthquakes have occurred; (3) Considering the rationality of the spatial distribution of the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia, earthquake points were selected and set at intervals of 30 to 50 km. (4) Consider the characteristics of population distribution and the different geographical environments and economic development levels in the assessment area, so that the epicenter is distributed more evenly in the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia and its surrounding areas.

[0039] (5) Consider the location of historical earthquakes and the time of closure; (6) Avoid earthquake epicenter locations that have been identified in recent years; (7) Avoiding uninhabited areas, they chose areas with population distribution. After comprehensive consideration, eight epicenters were selected. Based on the annual consultation results of the Ningxia Earthquake Analysis and Prediction Center, the maximum possible magnitude of an earthquake in the southern Ningxia-Gansu-Ningxia-Shaanxi earthquake hazard zone is 5.5. Therefore, for each selected epicenter, a seismic damage assessment was conducted based on the predicted magnitude fluctuating by 0.5, i.e., the magnitude was calculated three times for 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0 to obtain the impact field assessment range for different magnitudes.

[0040] The intensity attenuation formula used in the assessment is the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula, as shown below:

[0041] Assessment of casualties and economic losses: A magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurred, with no fatalities. However, considering unforeseen factors, several deaths and injuries are possible.

[0042] A 5.5-magnitude earthquake occurred, with no fatalities. However, considering unforeseen factors, several deaths and dozens of injuries may have occurred.

[0043] In a magnitude 6.0 earthquake, if the epicenter is in a sparsely populated area, the death toll should be within a few. However, if the epicenter is relatively densely populated or the buildings have relatively poor earthquake resistance, the death toll could reach dozens.

[0044] The earthquake disaster losses and emergency relief material preparations in this report only cover the cities and counties involved in Ningxia. The disaster situation in neighboring provinces is not reflected due to incomplete statistical data and other factors.

[0045] Based on field investigations, within the key earthquake defense zone in southern Ningxia, houses in Haiyuan County and the suburbs have relatively weaker earthquake resistance. Most residents live in earthquake-resistant housing. Therefore, the casualties will vary depending on the epicenter of the earthquake. The casualties in Haiyuan County and Xiji County, and those in Yuanzhou District, will be slightly higher.

[0046] 4. Major earthquake hazard assessment The topography of southern Ningxia is dominated by mountains and loess hills, with loess covering more than 70% of the region's total area, primarily consisting of plateaus, ridges, and gullies. Loess gullies are highly developed, with many main gullies exceeding 100 meters in width and reaching depths of 60-140 meters. Historical earthquake data for this region indicates that moderate to strong earthquakes easily cause geological disasters such as loess collapses, ground fissures, and loess landslides. The distribution of earthquake hazard points is detailed in Chapter 1.

[0047] 5. Number of people requiring emergency relocation Based on the earthquake impact field and casualty prediction results, combined with the proportion of various building types and the seismic resistance of buildings in the local field survey, the number of people requiring emergency resettlement after each earthquake was determined.

[0048] A magnitude 5.0 earthquake requires the resettlement of 0-2000 people. Unless the area is near densely populated town centers or cities, most areas do not require resettlement.

[0049] A 5.5 magnitude earthquake requires the resettlement of 1,500 to 6,500 people, with more people needing to be resettled in densely populated areas.

[0050] A magnitude 6.0 earthquake requires the resettlement of 7,500 to 35,000 people. In most areas, the number of people requiring resettlement exceeds 10,000, except in sparsely populated areas.

[0051] 6. Assessment of Rescue Force and Material Needs Based on the predicted earthquake impact field and casualties, combined with the local economic level, natural transportation conditions, and earthquake relief capabilities, the required amount of rescue forces and materials for each earthquake is determined.

[0052] Overall, the assessment results of the post-earthquake rescue force and material needs are as follows: For a magnitude 5.0 earthquake, an emergency response team of no more than 10 people and no more than 100 tents are needed. Most areas do not require an emergency response team or tents. For a 5.5 magnitude earthquake, an emergency response team of 5-10 people and 100-300 tents are needed, depending on the location of the epicenter and the population density in the vicinity of the epicenter. A 6.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 520-600 people and 500-2300 tents in the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia.

[0053] The required amount of rescue forces and supplies after an earthquake needs to be accurately assessed based on the specific location of the epicenter.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described herein. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Therefore, any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention, as well as all technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, are covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic lethality assessment system coupling seismic intensity and building structure type, characterized in that, It includes an epicenter setting module, an intensity calculation module, a building information acquisition module, a coupling assessment module, and a result output module, which are connected in sequence. The coupling assessment module is communicatively connected to the other four modules to realize the automated assessment of earthquake lethality throughout the entire process.

2. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The epicenter setting module selects eight earthquake originating locations as assessment epicenters, with each epicenter corresponding to three magnitude gradients of 5.0, 5.5, and 6.

0. The selection process meets seven principles: deployment along both sides of active faults, reference to forecasting department opinions, uniform distribution at 30-50km intervals, adaptation to population and geographical characteristics, reference to historical earthquake data, avoidance of repeated epicenters, and coverage of populated areas.

3. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intensity calculation module adopts the Ningxia intensity attenuation formula. After inputting the magnitude and epicenter location parameters, it outputs the intensity distribution data of the earthquake influence field under each magnitude, clarifying the earthquake intensity level of different regions.

4. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information collected by the building information collection module includes: building structure type (including seismically fortified houses and self-built houses by villagers), seismic performance parameters (including seismic fortification level and structural stability), spatial distribution information (including whether it is adjacent to a hillside or steep slope, whether it is located in a loess gully area or around a landslide hazard point), and regional distribution characteristics (including the proportion of building types in Haiyuan County, Xiji County, and Yuanzhou District).

5. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lethality assessment function constructed by the coupled assessment module is L=f(I,S,P), where L is the predicted number of deaths from the earthquake, I is the earthquake intensity, S is the weight of the building structure type (the weight of earthquake-resistant houses is lower than that of self-built houses), and P is the regional population density. In addition, a secondary disaster risk correction coefficient is configured for self-built houses that are adjacent to hillsides or steep slopes and have no slope protection reinforcement.

6. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hierarchical calculation logic of the coupling evaluation module is as follows: 5.0 magnitude earthquake: The revised death toll is less than a few, the number of injured is more than 10, and the number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 0-2000; 5.5 magnitude earthquake: The revised death toll is less than a few, the number of injured is dozens, and the number of people requiring emergency resettlement is 1,500-6,500. A 6.0 magnitude earthquake: The death toll will be less than a few in sparsely populated areas, but dozens in densely populated areas or areas with a concentration of self-built houses. 7,500-35,000 people will need to be urgently relocated.

7. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupled assessment module synchronously outputs data on the demand for rescue forces and materials: a 5.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of less than 10 people and less than 100 tents; a 5.5 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 5-10 people and 100-300 tents; and a 6.0 magnitude earthquake requires an emergency response team of 520-600 people and 500-2300 tents.

8. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The results output module outputs the assessment results in the form of visual charts and data reports. The reports include the number of deaths, injuries, number of people requiring emergency resettlement, rescue forces and material needs at each epicenter and at each magnitude, and also mark the regional differences between Haiyuan County, Xiji County and Yuanzhou District.

9. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is adapted to the key earthquake defense area in southern Ningxia. The terrain in this area is mainly mountainous and loess hilly, with loess covering more than 70% of the area. The peak ground acceleration is 0.20g-0.3g, which is classified as a seismic fortification zone of intensity VIII.

10. The earthquake lethality assessment system coupled with earthquake intensity and building structure type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system can adapt to the lethality assessment needs of different key earthquake defense zones by updating the regional data of the building information acquisition module and adjusting the attenuation formula parameters of the intensity calculation module.

Images