Substation monitoring systems and methods

Abstract

This application relates to a substation monitoring system and method. The system includes: a sensor module, at least one local condition analysis module, and a substation data center module; wherein, one local condition analysis module corresponds to one equipment bay and is connected to the sensor module within the equipment bay; the sensor module is used to send target monitoring data to the local condition analysis module using a standardized interface; the local condition analysis module is used to provide standardized power to the sensor module, receive the target monitoring data, and perform conversion, alignment, and analysis processing on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and send the preliminary analysis results to the substation data center module; the substation data center module is used to receive at least one preliminary analysis result and determine the target analysis result based on at least one preliminary analysis result. This method can improve the availability and reliability of the substation monitoring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system monitoring and maintenance technology, and in particular to a substation monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Modern power systems are increasingly reliant on condition monitoring to shift from "periodic maintenance" to "condition-based maintenance," thereby improving equipment reliability, extending its lifespan, and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] Traditional technologies employ a standardized, layered, and decoupled architecture. The monitoring system is divided into different layers, such as a sensing layer, a data acquisition layer, an alignment layer, and a station-level analysis layer. Each layer has independent functions and standardized interfaces.

[0004] However, the current system collects data uniformly at the station-end analysis layer for analysis. If a problem occurs in the substation, such as a network failure, station-end downtime, or data loss during large-scale data transmission, the station-end analysis layer can no longer accurately analyze the data, which leads to poor availability of the current monitoring system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a substation monitoring system and method that can improve availability in response to the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a substation monitoring system, the system comprising: a sensor module, at least one local status analysis module, and a substation data center module; wherein, one of the local status analysis modules corresponds to one equipment bay and is connected to the sensor module within the equipment bay;

[0007] The sensor module is used to send target monitoring data to the local status analysis module using a standardized interface;

[0008] The local status analysis module is used to provide standardized power supply to the sensor module, receive the target monitoring data, and perform conversion, alignment and analysis processing on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and send the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

[0009] The station-side data center module is used to receive at least one of the preliminary analysis results and determine the target analysis result based on at least one of the preliminary analysis results.

[0010] In one embodiment, the target monitoring data includes first monitoring data and second monitoring data; the sensor module includes analog sensors and digital sensors; the first monitoring data is determined by acquiring raw data from the primary equipment through the analog sensors; the second monitoring data is determined by acquiring raw data from the primary equipment through the digital sensors; the local status analysis module includes multiple digital waveform recorders and a digital interface; one of the digital waveform recorders is connected to one of the analog sensors in the sensor module.

[0011] The digital waveform recorder is used to provide standardized power to the analog sensor, receive the first monitoring data, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first monitoring data to obtain converted data.

[0012] The digital interface is used to receive the conversion data and the second monitoring data output by each of the digital waveform recorders, time-align the conversion data and the second monitoring data to generate a waveform data file with a unified cross-section; determine preliminary analysis results based on the waveform data file; and upload the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

[0013] In one embodiment, the system includes an independent sensing winding disposed on a current transformer in the primary equipment of a substation. The output of the independent sensing winding is connected to a digital waveform recorder and / or the digital interface within the local condition analysis module to provide the raw data.

[0014] In one embodiment, the system further includes a drive isolation module for receiving operating signals from the combined electrical appliances, isolating and converting the operating signals to obtain isolated digital signals, and transmitting the isolated digital signals to the digital interface.

[0015] In one embodiment, the drive isolation module includes a driver and an isolation module;

[0016] The driver is used to receive operating signals from the combined electrical appliances; the operating signals include at least one of the following: a tripping signal, a closing signal, and a relay protection signal;

[0017] The isolation module is used to convert the operation signal into an optical / magnetic analog signal, and then convert the optical / magnetic analog signal into a digital signal.

[0018] In one embodiment, the digital interface is further used to process the corresponding waveform data file through different algorithm elements to determine preliminary analysis results;

[0019] The digital interface is also used to receive updated algorithm elements sent by the station-side data center.

[0020] Secondly, this application also provides a substation monitoring method, the method comprising:

[0021] The sensor module sends target monitoring data to the local status analysis module via a standardized interface; one local status analysis module corresponds to one device interval and is connected to the sensor module within the device interval.

[0022] The local status analysis module provides standardized power to the sensor module, receives the target monitoring data, and performs conversion, alignment and analysis on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, which are then sent to the station-side data center module.

[0023] The station-side data center module receives the preliminary analysis results from at least one local status analysis module, and determines the target analysis result based on at least one of the preliminary analysis results.

[0024] In one embodiment, the target monitoring data includes first monitoring data and second monitoring data; the first monitoring data is determined by collecting raw data from a primary device using an analog sensor; the second monitoring data is determined by collecting raw data from a primary device using a digital sensor; the local status analysis module includes multiple digital waveform recorders and a digital interface; one digital waveform recorder is connected to one of the analog sensors in the sensor module.

[0025] The process includes providing standardized power to the sensor module, receiving the target monitoring data, converting, aligning, and analyzing the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and sending the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

[0026] A standardized power supply is provided to the analog sensor via a digital waveform recorder to receive the first monitoring data and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first monitoring data to obtain converted data.

[0027] The system receives the conversion data and the second monitoring data output by each of the digital waveform recorders through a digital interface, aligns the conversion data and the second monitoring data by time, and generates a waveform data file with a unified cross-section. Based on the waveform data file, it determines the preliminary analysis results and uploads the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

[0028] In one embodiment, the method further includes: providing the raw data through the independent sensing winding; wherein the independent sensing winding is disposed on a current transformer in the primary equipment of the substation, and the output terminal of the independent sensing winding is connected to a digital waveform recorder and / or the digital interface in the local condition analysis module.

[0029] In one embodiment, the method further includes: receiving an operation signal from the combined appliance via a drive isolation module, isolating and converting the operation signal to obtain an isolated digital signal, and transmitting the isolated digital signal to the digital interface.

[0030] The substation monitoring system and method described above, through the system architecture provided in this embodiment, have one local status analysis module corresponding to one equipment bay and connected to the sensor modules within that equipment bay. The local status analysis module receives target monitoring data from the sensor modules and determines the preliminary analysis results of the equipment bay based on the target monitoring data. It does not rely on the network or the substation-end data center module for data analysis, thus avoiding the unavailability of the entire substation monitoring system due to a failure of the substation-end data center module. The amount of data sent by the local status analysis module to the substation-end data center module is small, avoiding the uploading of all raw data and reducing data transmission pressure; this improves the availability and reliability of the substation monitoring system. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a substation monitoring system architecture in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a substation monitoring method in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process for processing target monitoring data in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0037] The substation monitoring system provided in this application embodiment has the following architecture: Figure 1As shown, the system includes a sensor module, at least one local status analysis module, and a station-end data center module. Each local status analysis module corresponds to one equipment bay and is connected to the sensor module within that bay. The sensor module transmits target monitoring data to the local status analysis module using a standardized interface. The local status analysis module provides standardized power to the sensor module, receives the target monitoring data, and performs conversion, alignment, and analysis processing on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, which are then transmitted to the station-end data center module. The station-end data center module receives at least one preliminary analysis result and determines the target analysis result based on that result.

[0038] The sensor module includes at least one of the following: analog sensors, digital sensors, digital meters, visible light and infrared sensors, and environmental sensors. Visible light and infrared sensors include cameras, ultraviolet imaging, and infrared imaging. Environmental sensors include those for temperature and humidity, gas, water immersion, weather, smoke, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) monitoring, and battery monitoring. For transformers, analog sensors include: vibration, neutral point current, core grounding current, bushing secondary screen voltage, tap changer electrode current, tap changer vibration, UHF, audible, ultrasonic, and high-frequency current sensors. Digital sensors include: online oil chromatography and monoacetylene sensors. Digital meters include: digital gas relays, digital oil level gauges, and digital oil temperature gauges. For gas insulated switchgear (GIS), analog sensors include: UHF partial discharge monitoring, vibration, audible, ultrasonic, mechanism box temperature and humidity, and surge arrester leakage current monitoring. Digital sensors include: online gas component monitoring and servo motor related data (if the GIS uses a servo motor drive). Digital meters include: digital pressure gauges. For high-voltage switchgear, analog sensors include: energy storage electrode current, opening and closing coil current, mechanical characteristics, partial discharge, vibration, etc.

[0039] An equipment bay refers to a complete functional unit in the main wiring of a substation, typically containing primary equipment and its connections, capable of independently performing a specific electrical function (such as input, output, transformation, compensation, etc.). Equipment bays can include transformer bays, GIS incoming bays, GIS outgoing bays, busbar bays, etc. One local condition analysis module corresponds to one equipment bay; the local condition analysis module is directly connected to multiple sensors within that equipment bay via cables.

[0040] Optionally, a local status analysis cabinet can be configured for each transformer bay or GIS bay. This cabinet contains a local status analysis module, reducing cloud load and transmission latency. Furthermore, it can still provide preliminary diagnostic analysis for on-site maintenance personnel in the event of network failure within the station. Within a single equipment bay, such as a transformer bay, there are multiple sensors. For all types of sensors, each sensor and its signal conditioning device is powered by a standardized 24V supply, facilitating direct power supply to the digital waveform recorder. Regarding sensor data, analog sensors are required to output ±5V or 4~20mA, and digital signals are required to use RS485 Modbus. After each sensor collects raw data, the raw data must be standardized to ensure that the output of analog sensors is uniformly ±5V or 4~20mA, and the digital signal uses RS485 Modbus, thus obtaining target monitoring data. A standardized interface is used to send the target monitoring data to the local status analysis module. This standardized interface unifies the physical interface for communication protocols and data formats from different manufacturers.

[0041] Optionally, the local condition analysis module is used to provide a standardized power supply to the sensor modules, such as a standardized power supply (e.g., 24V DC). Each sensor uses this power supply to condition the raw signal, thereby outputting an analog signal with a uniform voltage range (e.g., 0-5V or 4-20mA).

[0042] Because of the uniform voltage range of analog signals, the uniform physical interface and communication protocol, sensors and acquisition units from different manufacturers can be interchanged. If a sensor is damaged, it can be replaced with any brand of spare parts that meet the standards without the need for original manufacturer support.

[0043] Optionally, the local status analysis module is also used to receive signals from a unified output range, such as target monitoring data, and to perform analog-to-digital conversion, time alignment, and anomaly analysis on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results at the equipment interval level. The preliminary analysis results, as well as abnormal data and key data, are then sent to the station-side data center module.

[0044] Optionally, the station-side data center module is used to receive the preliminary analysis results of at least one equipment interval, and perform linkage analysis based on at least one preliminary analysis result to determine the target analysis result. For example, if there are two preliminary analysis results, one is the preliminary analysis result of the combined electrical appliances and the other is the preliminary analysis result of the transformer, the preliminary analysis results of the combined electrical appliances and the preliminary analysis results of the transformer are linked to obtain the target analysis result, such as what impact the combined electrical appliances have on the transformer after they are activated.

[0045] In the aforementioned substation monitoring system, using the system architecture provided in this embodiment, one local status analysis module corresponds to one equipment bay and is connected to the sensor modules within that bay. The local status analysis module receives target monitoring data from the sensor modules and determines the preliminary analysis results for the equipment bay based on this data. It does not rely on the network or the station-level data center module for data analysis, thus avoiding the unavailability of the entire station's monitoring due to a failure of the station-level data center module. The amount of data sent by the local status analysis module to the station-level data center module is small, avoiding the uploading of all raw data and reducing data transmission pressure. Even after a failure in the station-level data center, maintenance personnel can still check the equipment status locally at the local status analysis module next to the equipment. All of these improvements enhance the availability and reliability of the substation monitoring system.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, the target monitoring data includes first monitoring data and second monitoring data; the sensor module includes analog sensors and digital sensors; the first monitoring data is determined by acquiring raw data from the primary equipment using analog sensors; the second monitoring data is determined by acquiring raw data from the primary equipment using digital sensors; the local state analysis module includes multiple digital waveform recorders and a digital interface; one digital waveform recorder is connected to one of the analog sensors in the sensor module; the digital waveform recorder is used to provide standardized power to the analog sensors, receive the first monitoring data, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first monitoring data to obtain converted data; the digital interface is used to receive the converted data and second monitoring data output from each digital waveform recorder, time-align the converted data and second monitoring data, and generate a waveform data file with a unified cross-section; based on the waveform data file, preliminary analysis results are determined; and the preliminary analysis results are uploaded to the station-side data center module.

[0047] Primary equipment refers to high-voltage electrical equipment that is directly used for the production, transmission, and distribution of electrical energy. It directly bears voltage and current and is the main body of the power system. Primary equipment includes switchgear (GIS), instrument transformers (PT / CT), transformers, high-voltage switchgear, etc.

[0048] The local condition analysis module includes multiple digital waveform recorders and a digital interface; each digital waveform recorder is connected to a corresponding analog sensor. This avoids the signal interference and channel switching delay problems caused by multiple sensors sharing the same acquisition channel in traditional systems. Figure 1 As shown, analog sensors transmit the first monitoring data to the digital interface through a digital waveform recorder, while digital sensors directly transmit the second monitoring data to the digital interface.

[0049] A digital waveform recorder provides standardized power to various sensors, including analog sensors, using a standardized 24V DC power supply. All sensors are powered by the digital waveform recorder, requiring each sensor to condition its raw signal through this power supply to output analog signals with similar voltage ranges. This facilitates the expansion of various sensors, allowing for easy replacement and addition of sensors to the digital waveform recorder. Downstream, the digital waveform recorder provides DC power and analog signal input to the sensors; upstream, it transmits the analog-to-digital converted sensor signal data to a digital interface, and features a synchronous trigger interface (for synchronous acquisition upon receiving a trigger signal) and a time synchronization interface (for time calibration). The main function of the digital waveform recorder is to convert analog sensor signals to digital signals, achieving plug-and-play, configuration-free operation and standardized equipment for easy maintenance and replacement. For economical considerations, the sampling rate can be set to low frequency (10kHz), medium frequency (1MHz), and high frequency (100MHz). It features a unified physical interface, a unified electrical definition (providing a standard 24V power supply to the sensor and receiving conditioning signals within a unified range of ±5V or 4~20mA), and a unified communication protocol, supporting plug-and-play functionality.

[0050] For different types of sensors, digital waveform recorders only provide a 24V constant voltage power supply to the sensor and then receive a conditioned signal within a uniform range of ±5V or 4~20mA. Therefore, different sensors require matching signal conditioning devices. For example, the signal conditioning device for a piezoelectric IEPE vibration sensor needs to convert the 24V constant voltage power supply to a 24V 4mA constant current power supply before supplying power to the sensor, and then convert the sensor's voltage signal to ±5V or 4~20mA. All analog sensors connected to the digital waveform recorder must utilize the standardized power supply provided by the digital waveform recorder to condition the raw signal to a uniform voltage or current range before outputting it. The physical interface is also standardized to achieve sensor interchangeability and plug-and-play functionality.

[0051] A digital waveform recorder is used to receive the first monitoring data and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first monitoring data to obtain the converted data.

[0052] The digital interface is used to aggregate data: it receives conversion data and secondary monitoring data output from various digital waveform recorders, aligns the conversion data and secondary monitoring data based on precise timestamps (such as B-code, IEEE 1588), and generates a waveform recording data file with a unified cross-section; ensuring that the data are from the same moment, effectively realizing fault diagnosis based on multiple signals. Based on the waveform recording data file, preliminary analysis results are determined; and the preliminary analysis results and the abnormal waveform recording data files pointed to by the preliminary analysis results are uploaded to the station-side data center module.

[0053] In this embodiment, the availability and reliability of the substation monitoring system can be improved by including a digital waveform recorder and a digital interface local status analysis module.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment, the system includes an independent sensing winding disposed on a current transformer in the primary equipment of a substation. The output of the independent sensing winding is connected to a digital waveform recorder and / or a digital interface within a local condition analysis module to provide raw data.

[0055] Instrument transformers can include voltage transformers and current transformers. An additional secondary winding, namely an independent sensing winding, is added to the transformer. The acquired signal (first monitoring data) is sent to the station-side data center module via the local condition analysis module. This is achieved by connecting the output of the independent sensing winding to a digital waveform recorder and / or digital interface within the local condition analysis module. The station-side data center module no longer needs to retrieve data from zones one or two, thus avoiding network forwarding and achieving high-speed, low-latency acquisition of electrical quantities. Simultaneously, it is physically isolated from protection / metering circuits, ensuring the safety of the main system.

[0056] In traditional system architectures, parameters such as bus voltage and current are collected by instrument transformers and uploaded to the Zone 1 and Zone 2 systems. If the Zone 3 and Zone 4 systems want to obtain voltage and current information, they must first upload the data step by step, then cross the zones, and then send it down. Now, by adding a secondary winding to the instrument transformer through hardware, the raw data (such as bus voltage and current) can be transmitted to the local condition analysis module at the equipment bay level, enabling local acquisition and analysis of voltage and current monitoring parameters.

[0057] In this embodiment, by adding an independent sensing winding to the current transformer, data can be directly accessed to the local status analysis module without the need for network forwarding. Furthermore, the independent sensing winding is physically isolated from the protection / metering circuit, enabling the safe and rapid acquisition of raw data such as electrical quantities.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the system further includes a drive isolation module for receiving the operation signal of the combined appliance, isolating and converting the operation signal to obtain an isolated digital signal, and transmitting the isolated digital signal to the digital interface.

[0059] The substation monitoring system also includes, for example, Figure 1 The drive isolation module shown only processes the operating signals of the combined electrical appliance. For example, for the combined electrical appliance, the drive isolation module receives operating signals such as opening and closing signals (both digital signals). These operating signals have only two states: active and inactive. The drive isolation module performs DAD (Digital / Analog / Digital) isolation conversion on the operating signals to obtain isolated digital signals, and then transmits these isolated digital signals to the digital interface.

[0060] In this embodiment, by isolating and converting the operating signals, it is possible to provide fast and accurate data for power equipment fault diagnosis, and DAD isolation ensures the security of the data.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the drive isolation module includes a driver and an isolation module; the driver is used to receive operating signals from the combined electrical appliances; the operating signals include at least one of a tripping signal, a closing signal, and a relay protection signal; the isolation module is used to convert the operating signals into optical / magnetic analog signals, and then convert the optical / magnetic analog signals into digital signals.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the drive isolation module includes a driver and an isolation module; the driver is installed in the mechanism box or control cabinet next to the GIS body. The operating signals include at least opening signals, closing signals, and relay protection signals, all of which are digital signals. These operating signals are electrically isolated by performing a digital-to-optical / magnetic analog signal conversion and then a digital signal conversion via the DAD isolation module. Finally, the converted digital signal is sent to the digital interface of the local condition analysis module.

[0063] Because the drive isolation module is located near the primary equipment, its signal lines may be subject to strong electromagnetic interference, and there may be a difference in ground potential between the drive isolation module and the local status analysis cabinet module. Direct connection of digital signals could cause common-ground interference: the different ground potentials of the two modules could generate circulating currents, damaging the interface circuits; it could also generate strong electromagnetic interference: the strong electromagnetic field generated when the circuit breaker opens and closes could couple onto the signal lines, leading to false triggering. However, safe isolation can also be achieved: the local status analysis module and the drive isolation module do not affect each other; even if one fails, it will not affect the normal operation of the other module.

[0064] Upon receiving an instruction, such as one issued by Zone 1, the drive isolation module is required to operate the switches and disconnectors of the combined electrical appliances. The drive isolation module is required to send the trigger instruction for this switch / disconnector to the digital interface after DAD conversion. The digital waveform recorder and the digital interface together constitute the local condition analysis module, which is located next to each transformer bay and / or combined electrical appliance bay. Analog sensors are converted into digital signals by the digital waveform recorder and then sent to the digital interface; digital signals are sent directly to the digital interface.

[0065] In this embodiment, key data such as circuit breaker opening and closing, and relay protection are uploaded to the digital interface through DAD conversion (digital signal to analog signal, and then back to digital signal), thereby providing fast and accurate data for power equipment fault diagnosis. DAD conversion ensures data security.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, the digital interface is further used to process the corresponding waveform data file through different algorithm elements to determine the preliminary analysis results; the digital interface is also used to receive the updated algorithm elements sent by the station-end data center.

[0067] Digital interfaces are deployed in each device bay according to requirements. Each digital interface is equipped with a bay-level application (APP), which contains standardized algorithm elements for various types of sensors. These algorithm elements can be configured according to different sensor access requirements. The digital interface processes the corresponding waveform data files using different algorithm elements. For example, algorithm element 1 processes waveform data files generated by analog sensors, while algorithm element 2 processes waveform data files generated by digital sensors, determining preliminary analysis results. In the event of a failure in the station-side data center module, maintenance personnel can check the device status via the local status analysis module of the primary equipment.

[0068] The station-side data center module aggregates data from various digital interfaces (local status analysis modules), sets up a station-side monitoring APP, and realizes status monitoring and diagnosis of all station equipment, enabling joint diagnosis between different devices such as transformers and combined electrical appliances. The station-side data center module also sets up standardized algorithm elements for different sensors, realizing modularization and separation of hardware and software.

[0069] The station-side data center module can update the algorithm elements and send the latest algorithm elements to each digital interface (local status analysis module).

[0070] In this embodiment, a modular and dynamically updatable algorithm ecosystem is implemented in the digital interface and the station-end data center, achieving hardware and software separation. Matching algorithm elements are selected according to different sensor configuration schemes to form interval-level APP and station-end APP. This enables the modularization, free combination, and real-time updating of algorithms, improving the reusability and accuracy of algorithms.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a substation monitoring method is provided, applied to a server, including the following steps S202 to S206. Wherein:

[0072] Step S202: The target monitoring data is sent to the local status analysis module through the sensor module using a standardized interface.

[0073] One local condition analysis module corresponds to one device bay and is connected to the sensor modules within that bay. A standardized interface is used to unify the physical interfaces for communication protocols and data formats from different manufacturers.

[0074] Optionally, the server collects raw data from each primary device via sensor modules and standardizes the raw data, ensuring that the output of analog sensors is uniformly ±5V or 4~20mA, and that digital signals uniformly use RS485 Modbus, thus obtaining target monitoring data. The server then sends the target monitoring data to the local status analysis module via the sensor modules using a standardized interface, in accordance with uniform requirements.

[0075] Step S204: Provide standardized power to the sensor module through the local status analysis module, receive target monitoring data, and perform conversion, alignment and analysis processing on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and send the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

[0076] Optionally, the server provides standardized power to the sensor modules via a local status analysis module, such as providing standardized power (e.g., 24V DC). Each sensor uses this power supply to condition the raw signal, thereby outputting an analog signal with a uniform voltage range (e.g., 0-5V or 4-20mA). The server receives the signal with the uniform output range, such as target monitoring data, through the local status analysis module, and performs analog-to-digital conversion, time alignment, and anomaly analysis on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results at the equipment interval level. These preliminary analysis results, along with anomaly data and key data, are then sent to the station-side data center module.

[0077] Step S206: Receive preliminary analysis results from at least one local status analysis module through the station-side data center module, and determine the target analysis result based on at least one preliminary analysis result.

[0078] Optionally, the server receives preliminary analysis results from at least one device interval and performs linkage analysis based on at least one preliminary analysis result to determine the target analysis result. For example, if there are two preliminary analysis results, one is the preliminary analysis result of the combined electrical appliance and the other is the preliminary analysis result of the transformer, the server performs linkage analysis on the preliminary analysis results of the combined electrical appliance and the transformer to obtain the target analysis result, such as what impact the combined electrical appliance has on the transformer after it operates.

[0079] In this embodiment, one local status analysis module corresponds to one equipment bay and is connected to the sensor modules within that bay. The local status analysis module receives target monitoring data from the sensor modules and determines the preliminary analysis results for the equipment bay based on this data. It does not rely on the network or the station-level data center module for data analysis, thus avoiding the unavailability of the entire station's monitoring system due to a failure of the station-level data center module. The local status analysis module sends a small amount of data to the station-level data center module, avoiding the uploading of all raw data and reducing data transmission pressure. Even after a failure in the station-level data center, maintenance personnel can still check the equipment status locally at the local status analysis module next to the equipment. All of these improvements enhance the availability and reliability of the substation monitoring system.

[0080] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the target monitoring data includes first monitoring data and second monitoring data; the first monitoring data is determined by collecting raw data from primary equipment using analog sensors; the second monitoring data is determined by collecting raw data from primary equipment using digital sensors; the local status analysis module includes multiple digital waveform recorders and a digital interface; one digital waveform recorder is connected to one analog sensor in the sensor module; it provides standardized power to the sensor module, receives the target monitoring data, and performs conversion, alignment, and analysis processing on the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, which are then sent to the station-side data center module, including steps S302 to S306. Wherein:

[0081] Step S302: Provide standardized power to the analog sensor through a digital waveform recorder, receive the first monitoring data, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first monitoring data to obtain converted data.

[0082] Step S304: Receive the conversion data and second monitoring data output from each digital waveform recorder through the digital interface; align the conversion data and second monitoring data by time to generate a waveform recording data file with a unified cross-section; determine the preliminary analysis results based on the waveform recording data file.

[0083] Step S306, and upload the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

[0084] Optionally, the server provides standardized power to various sensors via a digital waveform recorder, including standardized power to analog sensors, such as a uniform 24V DC power supply. The server also receives the first monitoring data via the digital waveform recorder and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the first monitoring data to obtain converted data.

[0085] Optionally, the server uses the conversion data and second monitoring data output from each digital waveform recorder via the digital interface to time-align the conversion data and second monitoring data based on a precise timestamp (such as B code, IEEE 1588), generating a waveform recording data file with a unified cross-section; this ensures the data is from the same moment and effectively enables fault diagnosis based on multiple signals. Based on the waveform recording data file, preliminary analysis results are determined; and the preliminary analysis results and the abnormal waveform recording data files pointed to by the preliminary analysis results are uploaded to the station-side data center module.

[0086] In this embodiment, the availability and reliability of the substation monitoring system can be improved by including a digital waveform recorder and a digital interface local status analysis module.

[0087] In one exemplary embodiment, it further includes providing raw data via an independent sensing winding.

[0088] The independent sensing winding is installed on the instrument transformer in the primary equipment of the substation. The output of the independent sensing winding is connected to a digital waveform recorder and / or digital interface in the local condition analysis module.

[0089] Optionally, the server acquires raw data through an independent sensing winding and sends it to the local status analysis module for processing. The station-side data center module no longer needs to retrieve data from zones one and two, thus avoiding network forwarding and achieving high-speed, low-latency acquisition of electrical quantities. At the same time, it is physically isolated from the protection / metering circuit to ensure the safety of the main system.

[0090] In this embodiment, by adding an independent sensing winding to the current transformer, data can be directly accessed to the local status analysis module without the need for network forwarding. Furthermore, the independent sensing winding is physically isolated from the protection / metering circuit, enabling the safe and rapid acquisition of raw data such as electrical quantities.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: receiving the operation signal of the combined appliance through the drive isolation module, isolating and converting the operation signal to obtain an isolated digital signal, and transmitting the isolated digital signal to the digital interface.

[0092] Optionally, the server receives the operating signals of the combined electrical appliances, such as opening and closing signals (both of which are digital signals), through the drive isolation module, performs DAD isolation conversion on the operating signals to obtain isolated digital signals, and transmits the isolated digital signals to the digital interface.

[0093] Furthermore, the operation signal is subjected to DAD isolation conversion to obtain an isolated digital signal, including: converting the operation signal, which is a digital signal, to obtain an optical / magnetic analog signal, then converting the optical / magnetic analog signal back into a digital signal, and using the converted digital signal as the isolated digital signal to achieve electrical isolation.

[0094] In this embodiment, key data such as circuit breaker opening and closing, and relay protection are uploaded to the digital interface through DAD conversion (digital signal to analog signal, and then back to digital signal), thereby providing fast and accurate data for power equipment fault diagnosis. DAD conversion ensures data security.

[0095] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0096] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 4 As shown, this computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores substation monitoring data. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a substation monitoring method.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0098] In one embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0099] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0100] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0102] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0103] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A substation monitoring system, characterized by, The system comprises a sensor module, at least one on-site state analysis module and a station-side data center module; one of the on-site state analysis modules corresponds to one equipment bay and is connected with the sensor module in the equipment bay; The sensor module is configured to send target monitoring data to the on-site state analysis module via a standardized interface; The on-site state analysis module is configured to provide standardized power supply for the sensor module, receive the target monitoring data, and convert, align and analyze the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and send the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module; The station-side data center module is configured to receive at least one of the preliminary analysis results and determine target analysis results based on the at least one of the preliminary analysis results.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The target monitoring data comprises first monitoring data and second monitoring data; the sensor module comprises analog sensors and digital sensors; the first monitoring data is determined by collecting raw data of the equipment via the analog sensors; the second monitoring data is determined by collecting raw data of the equipment via the digital sensors; the on-site state analysis module comprises a plurality of digital recorders and a digital interface; one of the digital recorders is connected with one of the analog sensors in the sensor module; The digital recorder is configured to provide standardized power supply for the analog sensor, receive the first monitoring data, and convert the first monitoring data into converted data via an analog-to-digital conversion; The digital interface is configured to receive the converted data and the second monitoring data output by each of the digital recorders, align the converted data and the second monitoring data in time, and generate a unified cross-section wave recording data file; Based on the wave recording data file, preliminary analysis results are determined and uploaded to the station-side data center module.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, The system comprises an independent sensing winding arranged on a mutual inductor in an equipment in a substation; an output end of the independent sensing winding is connected to one of the digital recorders or / and the digital interface in the on-site state analysis module, and is configured to provide the raw data.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein, The system further comprises a drive isolation module configured to receive an operating signal of a combined electric appliance, convert the operating signal to obtain an isolated digital signal, and transmit the isolated digital signal to the digital interface.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein, The drive isolation module comprises a driver and an isolation module; The driver is configured to receive an operating signal of a combined electric appliance; the operating signal comprises at least one of a breaking signal, a closing signal and a relay protection signal; The isolation module is configured to convert the operating signal into an optical / magnetic analog signal, and then convert the optical / magnetic analog signal into a digital signal.

6. The system of claim 2, wherein, The digital interface is further configured to process corresponding wave recording data files via different algorithm elements to determine preliminary analysis results; The digital interface is further configured to receive updated algorithm elements issued by the station-side data center.

7. A substation monitoring method characterized by, The method comprises: The target monitoring data is sent to the on-site state analysis module through the sensor module by using a standardized interface; one on-site state analysis module corresponds to one device interval and is connected with the sensor module in the device interval; The on-site state analysis module provides standardized power supply for the sensor module, receives the target monitoring data, and converts, aligns and analyzes the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and sends the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module; The station-side data center module receives the preliminary analysis results of at least one on-site state analysis module, and determines the target analysis results based on at least one preliminary analysis result.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The target monitoring data includes first monitoring data and second monitoring data; the first monitoring data is determined by collecting the original data of a primary device through an analog sensor; the second monitoring data is determined by collecting the original data of a primary device through a digital sensor; the on-site state analysis module includes a plurality of digital recorders and a digital interface; one digital recorder is connected with one analog sensor in the sensor module; The on-site state analysis module provides standardized power supply for the sensor module, receives the target monitoring data, and converts, aligns and analyzes the target monitoring data to obtain preliminary analysis results, and sends the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module; The digital recorder provides standardized power supply for the analog sensor, receives the first monitoring data, and converts the first monitoring data into converted data through analog-digital conversion; The digital interface receives the converted data and the second monitoring data output by each digital recorder, time-aligns the converted data and the second monitoring data, generates a unified cross-section wave recording data file, determines preliminary analysis results based on the wave recording data file, and uploads the preliminary analysis results to the station-side data center module.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method further includes: The original data is provided by an independent sensing winding; the independent sensing winding is arranged on a mutual inductor in a primary device in a substation, and an output end of the independent sensing winding is connected to one digital recorder or / and the digital interface in the on-site state analysis module.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method further includes: The driving isolation module receives an operation signal of the combined electric appliance, converts the operation signal to obtain an isolated digital signal, and transmits the isolated digital signal to the digital interface.

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