A method for mixed culture of fish and turtle

Abstract

The application discloses a fish and turtle mixed breeding method, which comprises the following steps of pond reconstruction, anti-escape setting and pond cleaning and disinfection. In the pond reconstruction, a fish pond is changed into a mixed breeding pond with a depth of 0.8-2 m, and the pond slope is designed as a gentle slope with an inclination of 35-40 degrees. The soil at the bottom of the pond should have good water retention and air permeability, preferably clay or loam. In the anti-escape setting, an anti-escape wall is formed around the pond by iron sheets or wires, the anti-escape wall is buried in the ground by 10-15 cm, and the ground height of the anti-escape wall is 80-150 cm. In the pond cleaning and disinfection, quicklime is used for disinfection before hibernation, and the whole pond is sprayed and splashed with water according to the proportion of 30 kg per mu. The application belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and specifically provides a fish and turtle mixed breeding method, in which soft-shelled turtles crawl on the pond bottom, stir the bottom mud, improve the bottom quality, and provide a better water environment for fish. The soft-shelled turtles eat some dead fish and part of miscellaneous fish in the fish pond, and the fish has almost the same color as wild fish, good taste and high selling price.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically referring to a method for polyculture of fish and turtles. Background Technology

[0002] Aquaculture is a production activity involving the breeding, cultivation, and harvesting of aquatic plants and animals under human control. It generally includes the entire process from seedling to marketable aquatic products under artificial feeding and management. In a broader sense, it can also include aquatic resource enhancement. Aquaculture includes extensive farming, intensive farming, and high-density intensive farming methods.

[0003] However, in existing aquaculture processes, there is a significant risk that all fish fry could be infected with the same pathogen, leading to total mortality. Furthermore, the excrement from fish feed accumulates at the bottom of the pond, easily causing excessive levels of heavy metals in the water. Continuing aquaculture would increase the risk, potentially rendering the pond unusable, and the food itself would be unhealthy for humans. Therefore, a novel method of fish-turtle polyculture is urgently needed to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for polyculture of fish and turtles, in which turtles crawl on the bottom of the pond, stir up the bottom mud, improve the bottom quality, and provide a better aquatic environment for fish; the turtles eat some dead fish and some miscellaneous fish in the fishpond, and their color is almost the same as wild fish, with good taste and high price.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: The fish and turtle polyculture method of this invention includes pond transformation: transforming the fish pond into a polyculture pond with a depth of 0.8 to 2 meters, designing the pond slope as a gentle slope with an inclination between 35 and 40 degrees, and ensuring that the bottom soil of the pond has good water retention and aeration, preferably clay or loam.

[0006] Escape prevention measures: The pond is surrounded by an escape prevention wall made of sheet metal or wire. The escape prevention wall is buried 10-15 cm underground and is 80-150 cm above ground.

[0007] Pond disinfection: Disinfect with quicklime before hibernation, using a ratio of 30 catties per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) of quicklime, soaked in water and sprayed or sprinkled throughout the pond for disinfection.

[0008] turtles are raised in captivity.

[0009] The optimal stocking ratio for turtles and fish per acre is determined by the following criteria: variety, size, and quantity.

[0010] 250g / each turtle, 200 turtles

[0011] Silver carp, 25g each, 500-600 pieces

[0012] 25g / fish, 500-600 fish

[0013] Grass carp 25g / each 6 pieces

[0014] 25g / each silver carp (6 pieces)

[0015] Naked Spotted Fish 25g / each 6 pieces

[0016] Between February and May, turtles and fish fry are released into the pond. Before release, the turtles and fish fry are disinfected by soaking in medicine. The turtles are released on the slope and will crawl back into the pond naturally.

[0017] Furthermore, water quality management and disease prevention are required during the aquaculture process. Aquatic plants are planted in the ponds, water quality regulators are used to improve and maintain water quality, and quicklime, pesticides, and bactericides are used for disinfection to kill pathogens.

[0018] Furthermore, by-products from slaughtering chickens, ducks, pigs, and cattle, as well as water mites and mealworms, are used as feed for soft-shelled turtles.

[0019] Furthermore, fish ditches are dug to connect the ponds and paddy fields. The fish ditches are 2 meters deep in the paddy fields, where rice and water chestnuts are planted to form a new mixed farming model. From seedling to harvest, no pesticides or fertilizers are needed. The rice is cultivated using the transplanting method, which has a well-developed root system that grows entirely on the surface of the soil, fully absorbing all the fish excrement.

[0020] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0021] 1. Revitalize the value of idle ponds, reservoirs, mountain ponds, and aquaculture farms in rural areas.

[0022] 2. Farmed, ecologically raised soft-shelled turtles are green, healthy, and taste good.

[0023] 3. The product is healthy and has high value. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0026] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Pond renovation: Convert the fish pond into a polyculture pond with a depth of 0.8 to 2 meters. The pond slope should be designed as a gentle slope with an inclination of 35 to 40 degrees. The bottom soil of the pond should have good water retention and aeration, preferably clay or loam.

[0030] Escape prevention measures: The pond is surrounded by an escape prevention wall made of sheet metal or wire. The escape prevention wall is buried 10-15 cm underground and is 80-150 cm above ground.

[0031] Pond disinfection: Disinfect with quicklime before hibernation, using a ratio of 30 catties per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) of quicklime, soaked in water and sprayed or sprinkled throughout the pond for disinfection.

[0032] Stocking turtles and soft-shelled turtles: Taking a 5-mu pond as an example, stock 1,000 soft-shelled turtles (0.5 jin each), 3,000 silver carp (20 per jin), 3,000 crucian carp (20 per jin), 30 grass carp (20 per jin), 30 bighead carp (20 per jin), and 30 naked carp (20 per jin).

[0033] Between February and May, turtles and fish fry are released into the pond. Before release, the turtles and fish fry are disinfected by soaking in medicine. The turtles are released on the slope and will crawl back into the pond naturally.

[0034] Soft-shelled turtles eat dead fish, miscellaneous fish, shrimp, and weak fish in the pond. When they eat, they tear the fish and shrimp apart, and the oil from these parts floats to the surface. This oil, when exposed to sunlight, promotes the growth of various plankton, zooplankton, and algae, which becomes food for silver carp. Silver carp are filter feeders, thus purifying the water. Bighead carp, which feed specifically on zooplankton, also contribute to water purification. Grass carp eat larger plankton or aquatic plants. Spotted carp clean up debris and bloodworms in the mud. Crucian carp eat the excrement produced by grass carp.

[0035] The turtles constantly burrow at the bottom of the pond, stirring up nitrites, viruses, bacteria, and feces. Sunlight then promotes the growth of algae, which in turn stirs up the mud, automatically oxygenating the murky water. This oxygenation process ensures the fish in the pond don't suffer from oxygen deficiency. This method of fish farming eliminates the need for aerators, feeders, feed machines, or feeding platforms, and the annual fish production can even exceed the value of high-density fish farming. Furthermore, when cleaning the pond, we sell the higher-value fish and use the lower-value fish to feed the turtles.

[0036] This purely ecological farming model allows fish to mutually utilize their waste to generate value. It also prevents water quality deterioration and eliminates the need for bottom cleaning. Minimal medication is used throughout the year. When raised together, the turtles can even prey on injured, weak, or sick fish, reducing the likelihood of fish diseases. Furthermore, the pond bottom remains clean, preventing waterlogging.

[0037] Using the above method for polyculture, the fish harvest from a 5-mu pond in the same year was as follows: 1000 jin of whitebait, 800 jin of crucian carp, 50 jin of grass carp, 50 jin of silver carp, and 50 jin of spotted carp. In addition, the yield of soft-shelled turtles doubled to 1500 jin, of which 750 jin of turtles grew, resulting in high value.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Large reservoirs are used to purify the water. Silver carp and bighead carp, once they reach about five pounds, begin to roe. Without artificial intervention, they often fail to spawn, leading to fish death and water pollution. These fish that die due to roe-producing difficulties can be used to feed soft-shelled turtles; the product is fresh, inexpensive, and low-cost. Offal from slaughtering chickens, ducks, pigs, and cattle, as well as water mites and mealworms, can also be used as turtle feed.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] Fish ditches are dug to connect the ponds and paddy fields, extending 2 meters into the paddy fields. Rice and water chestnuts are planted in the paddy fields, forming a new mixed-culture model. From seedling to harvest, no pesticides or fertilizers are needed. The rice is cultivated using a direct-seeding method, which results in well-developed root systems that grow entirely on the surface of the soil, fully absorbing all fish excrement. The excrement from soft-shelled turtles, silver carp, crucian carp, grass carp, bighead carp, and spotted carp provides ample nutrients for the rice's growth.

[0042] Using the above-mentioned polyculture method, the average yield per mu (unit of land area) is 600 jin of rice, 50 jin of silver carp, 100 jin of bighead carp, 20 jin of grass carp, 50 jin of crucian carp, and 200 jin of soft-shelled turtle, resulting in high value.

[0043] The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for polyculture of fish and turtles, characterized in that: S1. Pond renovation: Convert the fish pond into a polyculture pond with a depth of 0.8 to 2 meters. The pond slope should be designed as a gentle slope with an inclination of 35 to 40 degrees. The bottom soil of the pond should have good water retention and aeration, preferably clay or loam. S2. Escape prevention measures: The pond is surrounded by an escape prevention wall made of sheet metal or wire. The escape prevention wall is buried 10-15 cm underground and is 80-150 cm above ground. S3. Pond cleaning and disinfection: Disinfect with quicklime before hibernation, using a ratio of 30 catties per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) of quicklime, soaked in water and sprayed throughout the pond for disinfection. S4. Soft-shelled turtle stocking: The stocking ratio of soft-shelled turtles per acre should be selected according to: variety, specifications, and quantity. 250g / each turtle, 200 turtles Silver carp, 25g each, 500-600 pieces 25g / fish, 500-600 fish Grass carp 25g / each 6 pieces 25g / each silver carp (6 pieces) Naked Spotted Fish 25g / each 6 pieces Between February and May, turtles and fish fry are released into the pond. Before release, the turtles and fish fry are disinfected by soaking in medicine. The turtles are released on the slope and will crawl back into the pond naturally.

2. The method for polyculture of fish and turtles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water quality management and disease prevention are required during the breeding process. Aquatic plants are planted in the pond, water quality regulators are used to improve and maintain water quality, and quicklime, insecticides, and bactericides are used for disinfection to kill pathogens.

3. The method for polyculture of fish and turtles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Byproducts from slaughtering chickens, ducks, pigs, and cattle, along with water mites and mealworms, are used as feed for soft-shelled turtles.

4. The method for polyculture of fish and turtles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fish ditches are dug to connect the ponds and paddy fields. The fish ditches are 2 meters deep in the paddy fields. Rice and water chestnuts are planted in the paddy fields to form a new mixed farming model. The rice is cultivated using the transplanting method.