A multi-parameter perception-based infusion real-time monitoring alarm system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of infusion real-time monitoring alarm systems based on multi-parameter perception, it is related to medical auxiliary equipment field.The system includes the shell assembly that can be fixed on infusion pipe, and the flow rate sensing mechanism, liquid characteristic sensing mechanism, controller and alarm assembly in it.The flow rate sensing mechanism is used to sense the pressure or flow rate in pipe and output first sensing signal;Liquid characteristic sensing mechanism is used to sense the optical properties of liquid and output second sensing signal.Controller according to preset rule double signal fusion judgment, to accurately identify liquid delivery, pipeline blockage or blood reflux and other abnormal state, and drive alarm assembly corresponding sound and light alarm signal.The application realizes the accurate distinction and early warning of a variety of liquid path abnormalities by multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and composite judgment, effectively improves infusion safety and clinical monitoring efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary equipment technology, and in particular to a real-time monitoring and alarm system for infusion based on multi-parameter sensing. Background Technology

[0002] Intravenous infusion is the most basic and common method of drug administration in clinical treatment. The safety and continuity of this process directly affect the patient's treatment outcome and even their life. In clinical practice, especially in special settings such as operating rooms and intensive care units, patients are often under anesthesia or unable to express discomfort, making monitoring of the infusion process entirely dependent on medical staff. However, due to factors such as strained medical resources, heavy workloads for nursing staff, and obstructed surgical views, it is not uncommon for medical staff to struggle to detect infusion abnormalities in a timely manner.

[0003] In the present technology, various types of infusion alarm devices have emerged to address the problem of infusion monitoring. Early infusion alarms mostly used photoelectric sensing principles, determining the completion of the infusion by detecting the dripping state of the infusion bottle; others used weighing principles, estimating the remaining fluid volume by monitoring changes in the weight of the infusion bottle. With technological advancements, some products have begun to integrate functions such as drip rate display and wireless calling, enabling remote monitoring of the infusion status. These devices, to some extent, reduce the monitoring burden on nursing staff and have practical value in routine ward environments.

[0004] However, existing infusion alarm devices still have several limitations in practical applications. First, most devices can only detect the single abnormal state of whether the fluid has been completely infused, and are unable to identify other types of fluid circuit abnormalities such as kinking of the infusion tubing, drug reflux, and blood backflow. Second, in special medical scenarios such as the perioperative period, anesthesiologists often need to observe patients through glass or split-screen displays, and the alarm methods of existing devices are limited, making it difficult to attract the timely attention of medical staff in complex environments. In addition, some devices need to be installed on drip chambers or infusion bottles, which is inconvenient to operate when changing fluids, affecting the convenience of clinical use.

[0005] The existence of the above-mentioned problems means that in interventional surgery, general anesthesia and other scenarios, when fluid circuit abnormalities occur, medical staff can often only detect them through indirect indicators such as changes in the patient's vital signs. This results in a significant delay in detection, which may lead to fluctuations in the depth of anesthesia, interruption of drug infusion, or even more serious medical safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a real-time monitoring and alarm system for infusion based on multi-parameter sensing, in order to solve or improve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: a real-time monitoring and alarm system for infusion based on multi-parameter sensing, comprising: A housing assembly having an internal cavity for accommodating an infusion tubing, the housing assembly being detachably fixed to the infusion tubing; A flow rate sensing mechanism is disposed inside the housing assembly to sense changes in the flow rate or pressure of the liquid in the infusion tube and output a first sensing signal characterizing the state of the infusion flow rate. A liquid property sensing mechanism is disposed inside the housing assembly to sense changes in the optical properties of the liquid in the infusion tube and output a second sensing signal characterizing the properties or composition of the liquid. The controller, located within the housing assembly, is electrically connected to the flow rate sensing mechanism and the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism. It is used to receive the first sensing signal and the second sensing signal, and to determine whether the infusion status is abnormal according to the preset abnormal judgment rules. An alarm component is disposed on the housing assembly and electrically connected to the controller, and is used to issue a corresponding alarm signal according to the type of abnormality when the controller determines that an abnormality has occurred.

[0008] As an improvement, the housing assembly includes: First shell; The second housing is closable and connectable to the first housing; The first housing and the second housing have a first slot and a second slot respectively on their opposite surfaces. When the first housing and the second housing are in a closed state, the first slot and the second slot together enclose a cavity for accommodating and positioning the infusion tube.

[0009] As an improvement, the first housing and the second housing are rotatably connected by a hinge on one side, and magnets are embedded in the free ends of the first housing and the second housing. In the closed state, the first housing and the second housing are locked together to fix the infusion tube in the cavity.

[0010] As an improvement, the flow rate sensing mechanism includes: An elastic compression member is disposed in the second slot, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second housing, and the other end is a free end, which abuts against the outer wall of the infusion tube under the action of elastic force; A pressure sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the first slot and is positioned opposite the elastic extruder. It is used to detect the pressure change of the infusion tube caused by the elastic extruder pressing against it and outputs a first sensing signal.

[0011] As an improvement, the elastic extruder has an L-shaped structure, with the free end of its long arm abutting against the infusion tube; the pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the first slot opposite to the free end of its long arm.

[0012] As an improvement, the liquid property sensing mechanism includes: The fixing frame is U-shaped and fixedly installed at one end inside the first housing, with its open end spanning both sides of the first slot. The light source emitter is fixed to one side of the open end of the mounting bracket and is used to emit detection light into the liquid in the infusion tube; A light source receiver is fixed to the other side of the opening end of the mounting bracket and is positioned directly opposite the light source emitter. It is used to receive light signals passing through the liquid in the infusion tube and output a second sensing signal based on changes in the intensity or spectrum of the light signal.

[0013] As an improvement, the light source emitter is an infrared light-emitting diode, and the light source receiver is an infrared receiving transistor; the optical path center line connecting the light source emitter and the light source receiver passes through the axis of the infusion tube.

[0014] As an improvement, the alarm component includes: A light alarm is fixedly installed on the surface of the first housing and is used to emit different colors of light to distinguish different types of infusion abnormalities; Two sound alarms are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides below the light alarm, for emitting alarm sounds of different frequencies.

[0015] As an improvement, the controller is configured as follows: When the liquid flow rate drops below a first threshold based on the first sensing signal and the liquid optical properties change above a second threshold based on the second sensing signal, it is determined that the liquid has run out or the pipeline has detached, and the alarm component is controlled to issue a first combined alarm signal. When the liquid pressure rises above the third threshold based on the first sensing signal and the change in the liquid optical properties does not exceed the fourth threshold based on the second sensing signal, it is determined that the downstream pipeline is blocked, and the alarm component is controlled to issue a second combined alarm signal. When the change in the liquid's optical properties exceeds the fifth threshold based on the second sensing signal and the pressure change does not exceed the sixth threshold based on the first sensing signal, blood reflux is determined, and the alarm component is controlled to issue a third combined alarm signal.

[0016] As an improvement, the controller is a low-power microcontroller, and the housing assembly contains a battery that powers the controller, the flow rate sensing mechanism, the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism, and the alarm component.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional single-parameter monitoring by integrating a flow velocity sensing mechanism and a liquid characteristic sensing mechanism. It simultaneously acquires a first sensing signal characterizing the flow velocity / pressure state of the liquid within the infusion tubing and a second sensing signal characterizing the liquid's optical properties. The controller performs a fusion judgment based on these two parameters, accurately distinguishing between various complex abnormal states such as infusion completion, tubing blockage, and blood reflux. This effectively avoids false alarms or missed alarms that may be caused by changes in a single signal (such as simple pressure fluctuations or optical path interference), significantly improving the reliability and clinical applicability of the monitoring system.

[0018] The controller of this invention incorporates a composite judgment rule based on changes in dual signal thresholds. By analyzing different combinations of pressure and optical signal changes (e.g., pressure drop accompanied by abrupt changes in optical properties indicates fluid infusion completion; pressure rise accompanied by stable optical properties indicates tubing blockage; abrupt changes in optical properties without significant pressure change indicate blood reflux), it achieves accurate classification and identification of different fluid pathway abnormalities. This mechanism addresses the limitation of existing technologies that can only indicate "infusion complete" but cannot distinguish the type of abnormality, providing a basis for medical personnel to quickly take targeted treatment measures.

[0019] This invention's alarm component integrates a light alarm and a dual-sound alarm, capable of emitting combined alarm signals of different colors (such as red, yellow, and blue) and different frequencies of sound based on the specific anomaly type determined by the controller. This multi-dimensional audio-visual coding alarm method significantly enhances information transmission efficiency. Even in special scenarios with limited visibility and noisy environments, such as operating rooms and intensive care units, it ensures that medical personnel can quickly and accurately obtain abnormal information through visual or auditory channels, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional single alarm methods that are easily overlooked.

[0020] The housing assembly of this invention features an openable and closable design, secured by a magnet, allowing the monitoring device to be easily installed on any pre-connected standard infusion tubing without disassembling the tubing or replacing specialized consumables. Simultaneously, the flow rate sensing mechanism employs a non-invasive detection method using an elastic compression element and a pressure sensor, while the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism utilizes transmission optical detection. Neither method compromises the tubing's airtightness, ensuring aseptic requirements while significantly improving the convenience and versatility of clinical use, thus resolving the issues of complex installation and poor compatibility found in some existing devices.

[0021] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 I obtained the sectional view at point AA.

[0024] Figure label: 1. Housing assembly; 11. First housing; 12. Second housing; 13. First slot; 14. Second slot; 15. Magnet; 2. Flow rate sensing mechanism; 21. Elastic extrusion component; 22. Pressure sensor; 3. Liquid property sensing mechanism; 31. Fixture; 32. Light source emitter; 33. Light source receiver; 4. Controller; 5. Alarm components; 51. Light alarm; 52. Sound alarm; 6. Switch; 7. Operation indicator light. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0026] It is important to note that terms such as "first," "second," "symmetric," and "array" are used only to distinguish between descriptive and positional descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified with terms such as "first" or "symmetric" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited by words such as "two" or "three," it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," and "fixation" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, a welding connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the accompanying drawings and specific circumstances.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] This invention provides a real-time monitoring and alarm system for infusion based on multi-parameter sensing, which can be referred to as follows. Figures 1-3 The system includes a housing assembly 1, a flow rate sensing mechanism 2, a liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3, a controller 4, and an alarm component 5. The housing assembly 1 has an internal cavity for accommodating the infusion tubing and is detachably fixed to the infusion tubing. The flow rate sensing mechanism 2, located inside the housing assembly 1, senses changes in the liquid flow rate or pressure within the infusion tubing and outputs a first sensing signal characterizing the infusion flow rate. The liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3, located inside the housing assembly 1, senses changes in the optical properties of the liquid within the infusion tubing and outputs a second sensing signal characterizing the liquid properties or composition. The controller 4, located inside the housing assembly 1 and electrically connected to the flow rate sensing mechanism 2 and the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3, receives the first and second sensing signals and determines whether the infusion status is abnormal according to preset anomaly judgment rules. The alarm component 5, located on the housing assembly 1 and electrically connected to the controller 4, issues a corresponding alarm signal based on the anomaly type when the controller 4 determines an anomaly.

[0029] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The housing assembly 1 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The first housing 11 is a housing component with a certain internal space and is made of lightweight, insulating materials such as medical-grade plastic. The first housing 11 serves as the main housing and is used to install and accommodate other functional components within the system, such as the controller 4, the alarm component 5, the pressure sensor 22 of the flow rate sensing mechanism 2, and the mounting bracket 31 of the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3.

[0030] The second housing 12 is detachably connected to the first housing 11. As an auxiliary housing, it cooperates with the first housing 11 to form a complete cavity, and is also used to install the elastic extrusion member 21 of the flow rate sensing mechanism 2.

[0031] In use, the opening and closing structure of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 allows the device to be easily installed onto the already connected infusion tubing without disassembling the tubing, greatly improving the convenience of clinical use. At the same time, the housing assembly 1 provides physical protection and electromagnetic shielding for the internal electronic components.

[0032] The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 have a first slot 13 and a second slot 14 respectively on their opposing surfaces. When the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are closed, the first slot 13 and the second slot 14 together form a cavity for accommodating and positioning the infusion tube. Both the first slot 13 and the second slot 14 are semi-circular or U-shaped grooves, their dimensions matching the outer diameter of a standard infusion tube. Their surfaces can be smooth or have a fine texture to increase friction. When the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are closed, the two slots together form a complete cylindrical cavity for accommodating the infusion tube. The contact with the tube wall enables radial positioning of the infusion tube, preventing axial or radial displacement during monitoring. Simultaneously, the slot design ensures that the infusion tube can be precisely fixed in a predetermined position, allowing the flow rate sensing mechanism 2 and the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3 to accurately align with the infusion tube, ensuring the stability and reliability of the sensing signal.

[0033] Furthermore, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are rotatably connected by a hinge on one side, and magnets 15 are embedded at the free ends of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. In the closed state, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are locked to fix the infusion tube in the cavity.

[0034] Specifically, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are connected by a pin-type hinge on one side, allowing the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 to rotate around the same axis, thus achieving an openable and closable connection between the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. The magnet 15 is a small permanent magnet, such as a neodymium iron boron magnet, which is embedded inside or on the surface of the free ends of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, and its magnetic poles are arranged so that they attract each other when closed.

[0035] When the housing assembly 1 is closed, the free ends of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are attracted together by the magnetic force of the magnet 15, generating sufficient clamping force to firmly press the infusion tube into the cavity, preventing the device from loosening or falling off due to external pulling.

[0036] During implementation, medical personnel hold the housing assembly 1 and, using the hinge as the axis, open the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, fully exposing the first and second retaining slots 13 and 14. The infusion tubing segment to be monitored is placed into either the first or second retaining slot 13, aligning the tubing with the groove. The medical personnel then rotate the first and second housings 11 and 12 around the hinge to close them. As they close, the two retaining slots gradually close, enclosing the infusion tubing within the cavity. When closed to the final position, the two magnets 15 embedded at the free end of the housing come into contact with each other and attract, locking the housing assembly 1 in the closed state. At this point, the attraction of the magnets 15 is transmitted through the housing to the retaining slots, causing the inner wall of the retaining slots to press tightly against the outer wall of the infusion tubing, firmly positioning the tubing in the center of the cavity. When it is necessary to remove the device, simply apply appropriate external force to overcome the attraction of the magnets 15, open the housing assembly 1, and remove the infusion tubing.

[0037] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The flow rate sensing mechanism 2 includes an elastic compression member 21 and a pressure sensor 22. The elastic compression member 21 is disposed within the second slot 14, with one end fixedly connected to the second housing 12 and the other end being a free end that abuts against the outer wall of the infusion tube under elastic force. Specifically, the elastic compression member 21 is made of a material with good elasticity and deformation recovery capability, such as spring steel sheet. Further, the elastic compression member 21 has an L-shaped structure, with the free end of its long arm abutting against the infusion tube. The pressure sensor 22 is mounted on the inner wall of the first slot 13 opposite to the free end of its long arm. The elastic compression member 21 includes a short arm and a long arm. The short arm, as a fixed end, is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second housing 12, while the long arm, as a movable end, is a free end that fits tightly against and abuts against the outer wall of the infusion tube under elastic force. After the housing assembly 1 is closed, the elastic extrusion member 21 uses its own elastic deformation to generate a continuous restoring force, applying a stable and flexible radial extrusion force to the outer wall of the infusion tube; at the same time, the elastic extrusion member 21 converts the tube wall deformation caused by the pressure change inside the infusion tube into a force on the pressure sensor 22 through its own elastic deformation, providing the pressure sensor 22 with a continuous and measurable mechanical signal source.

[0038] Pressure sensor 22 is fixed to the inner wall of the first slot 13 and is positioned opposite to the elastic squeezing member 21. It is used to detect pressure changes in the infusion tube caused by the elastic squeezing member 21 pressing against it and outputs a first sensing signal. The opposing arrangement of pressure sensor 22 and elastic squeezing member 21 allows the infusion tube to be slightly clamped, effectively converting minute changes in pressure within the infusion tube into changes in pressure on pressure sensor 22, thus achieving non-invasive pressure detection. In practice, pressure sensor 22 can accurately sense the pressure value transmitted from the infusion tube wall through elastic squeezing member 21, and convert the real-time sensed pressure changes into continuously changing voltage or current signals (first sensing signals) according to physical laws, and transmit them to controller 4 for processing.

[0039] In practice, when the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are closed and the infusion tube is inserted into the cavity, the free end of the elastic compression member 21 first contacts the infusion tube. As the housings close further, the long arm of the elastic compression member 21 is compressed by the infusion tube and undergoes elastic bending (deformation). This deformation generates a continuous elastic restoring force, causing its free end to press tightly against one side of the infusion tube. Simultaneously, this compression force is transmitted to the opposite side through the liquid (or air) inside the infusion tube, causing the other side of the infusion tube wall to press tightly against and compress the force-bearing surface of the pressure sensor 22. At this time, the pressure value sensed by the pressure sensor 22 includes two parts: one is the basic pre-pressure applied by the elastic compression member 21, and the other is the current liquid pressure inside the infusion tube. This pressure value serves as a reference value, and the corresponding first sensing signal is continuously sent to the controller 4.

[0040] When the pressure inside the tube decreases (e.g., when the liquid is finished being delivered or air enters the front end of the tube): the supporting force of the liquid inside the tube on the tube wall weakens, and the tube flattens slightly. This reduces the deformation of the elastic compression member 21, and the pressure it applies to the tube and the pressure sensor 22 on the opposite side also decreases. The pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 22 decreases, and the output first sensing signal changes (e.g., the voltage decreases).

[0041] When the pressure inside the tubing increases (e.g., due to downstream tubing blockage or backflow): the pressure upstream of the blockage point rises, forcing the infusion tubing to expand radially. The expanded tubing wall increases the thrust on the free end of the elastic compression member 21, increasing the deformation of the elastic compression member 21 and thus increasing its elastic restoring force. This increased force is transmitted to the pressure sensor 22 on the opposite side through the infusion tubing. The pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 22 rises, and the output first sensing signal changes (e.g., voltage increases).

[0042] The pressure sensor 22 continuously and linearly converts the real-time changing pressure value into an electrical signal (first sensing signal) and transmits it to the controller 4 as a basis for judging the infusion flow rate or pressure status.

[0043] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 3-4 The liquid property sensing mechanism 3 includes a mounting frame 31, a light source emitter 32, and a light source receiver 33. The mounting frame 31 is U-shaped and fixedly installed at one end inside the first housing 11, with its open end spanning both sides of the first slot 13. Specifically, the mounting frame 31 is an open frame structure made of rigid material (such as engineering plastic) to ensure dimensional stability and shock resistance. The mounting frame 31 provides a precise and stable physical mounting position for the light source emitter 32 and the light source receiver 33, ensuring that the light source emitter 32 and the light source receiver 33 can remain aligned for a long time, maintaining the accuracy of the optical path. Simultaneously, it ensures that the detection optical path can naturally pass through the fixed infusion tube.

[0044] The light source emitter 32 is fixed to one side of the open end of the mounting bracket 31 and is used to emit detection light into the liquid in the infusion tube. As the emitting end of optical detection, the light source emitter 32 emits a stable beam of detection light (infrared light) of a specific wavelength into the target area (the liquid in the infusion tube).

[0045] Specifically, the light source emitter 32 is an infrared light-emitting diode (LED), which uses infrared light as the detection light source. This effectively reduces interference from ambient visible light, improving detection stability and anti-interference capabilities. Furthermore, infrared LEDs have good monochromaticity, and their specific wavelengths exhibit good penetrability to water and common pharmaceutical solutions, as well as good sensitivity to different substances (such as air and blood), making them suitable for detecting changes in liquid composition.

[0046] The light source receiver 33 is fixed to the other side of the opening end of the mounting bracket 31 and is positioned directly opposite the light source emitter 32. It is used to receive the light signal passing through the liquid in the infusion tube and output a second sensing signal according to the change in light signal intensity or spectrum. Specifically, the light source receiver 33 is an infrared receiving transistor, which is a photoelectric conversion semiconductor device sensitive to infrared light. The magnitude of its photocurrent changes with the intensity of the received infrared light.

[0047] The light source receiver 33 serves as the receiving end for optical detection, receiving infrared light that has passed through the infusion tube and the liquid inside. It then converts the intensity (or spectral change) of the received light signal into a corresponding electrical signal, i.e., the second sensing signal, in real time and outputs it to the controller 4.

[0048] The optical path center line connecting the light source emitter 32 and the light source receiver 33 passes through the axis of the infusion tube, ensuring that the detection light passes perpendicularly through the maximum diameter of the infusion tube, i.e., through the thickest liquid layer and the central region. This maximizes the interaction between the light and the liquid, making it most sensitive to changes in the internal properties of the liquid (such as turbidity and color), and avoiding measurement deviations caused by light passing through the edge of the tube wall.

[0049] In practice, after the infusion tubing is fixed by the housing assembly 1, the section to be tested is located within the opening of the mounting bracket 31. Driven by the controller 4, the light source emitter 32 continuously emits an infrared beam in the facing direction. This beam first penetrates the first layer of the tubing wall, then enters the liquid inside the tubing, passes through the second layer of the tubing wall, and finally illuminates the facing light source receiver 33. When the infusion tubing contains clear, impurity-free normal medication, the infrared light can penetrate the liquid relatively easily, and the light source receiver 33 receives a relatively stable and high-intensity light signal. At this time, the receiver converts this into a reference level signal (the second sensing signal) and sends it to the controller 4.

[0050] When the properties of a liquid change: Air enters (liquid finished): When the liquid is finished, air enters the infusion tube, and the light transmission medium changes from liquid to air. Air absorbs and scatters infrared light much less than liquid, thus the light transmittance increases dramatically. The intensity of the light signal received by the light source receiver 33 will increase sharply and instantaneously, and the output second sensing signal will undergo a sudden change (such as a level jump).

[0051] Blood reflux: If blood reflux occurs, blood enters the infusion tube. Red blood cells in the blood strongly absorb and scatter infrared light. Therefore, the intensity of the light signal passing through the tube will drop sharply. The light signal received by the light source receiver 33 weakens, and the output second sensing signal undergoes a sudden change in the opposite direction (such as a level drop).

[0052] Abnormal drug solution: If the drug solution has sediment, becomes cloudy, or is mixed with other insoluble particles, the turbidity of the liquid will increase, which will also scatter infrared light, causing the light intensity received by the receiver to decrease and the signal to change.

[0053] The light source receiver 33 continuously converts this real-time light intensity change (or spectral change, although the spectral subdivision function is not emphasized here) into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 4 as a second sensing signal.

[0054] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 5-6 The alarm component 5 includes a light alarm 51 and a sound alarm 52. The light alarm 51 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the first housing 11 and emits different colors of light to distinguish different types of infusion abnormalities. Specifically, the light alarm 51 uses a high-brightness light-emitting diode or a set of light-emitting diodes of different colors integrated into a single package. As the visual output part of the alarm component 5, the light alarm 51 attracts the attention of medical personnel by emitting different colors of light. Specifically, by using a coding system where different colors correspond to different types of abnormalities (e.g., red for fluid completion, yellow for blockage, blue for blood reflux, etc.), preliminary classification and rapid identification of abnormal information are achieved.

[0055] Two audible alarms 52 are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides below the light alarm 51, to emit alarm sounds of different frequencies. The audible alarms 52 employ piezoelectric buzzers or miniature speakers. As the auditory output part of the alarm component 5, the audible alarms 52 attract the attention of medical personnel by emitting sounds of specific frequencies, especially in environments with obstructed vision or low light. Specifically, by emitting alarm sounds of different frequencies (such as high-frequency rapid beeps, low-frequency slow buzzes, etc.), in conjunction with the color coding of the light alarm 51, the differentiation of abnormality types is further enhanced. By setting up two audible alarms 52, a stereo effect or increased overall loudness can be achieved, ensuring that the alarm sound is clearly transmitted.

[0056] During implementation, when the system is administering fluids normally and there are no abnormalities, the controller 4 will not send a drive signal to the alarm component 5. The light alarm 51 will be off, the sound alarm 52 will remain silent, and the entire alarm component 5 will not operate, avoiding unnecessary interference to medical staff and patients.

[0057] When the controller 4 analyzes the combination of the first and second sensing signals and determines that a certain type of abnormality has occurred (such as "fluid infusion complete", "tubal blockage", "blood reflux"), it will immediately generate a corresponding alarm control command according to the preset alarm rules. The command contains two parts of information: one is to control what color light the light alarm 51 emits, and the other is to control what frequency and rhythm of sound the two sound alarms 52 emit.

[0058] Visual alarm execution: After receiving the instruction from the controller 4, the light alarm 51 illuminates the corresponding color light-emitting unit.

[0059] If the first type of abnormality is detected, the light alarm 51 can emit a red light.

[0060] If the second type of abnormality is detected, the light can be switched to yellow.

[0061] If it is determined to be the third type of abnormality, it will emit blue light.

[0062] The colored light remains on continuously or flashes at a specific frequency, forming a continuous visual warning signal.

[0063] Auditory alarm execution: At the same time, after receiving the control command, the two sound alarms 52 began to vibrate and emit sound according to the specified frequency and rhythm.

[0064] If the first type of abnormality is detected, the two sound alarms 52 may simultaneously emit a high-frequency, rapid "beep" sound.

[0065] If the second type of abnormality is detected, a low-frequency, slow "beep-beep-" sound may be emitted.

[0066] If the third type of abnormality is detected, a continuous long beep may be emitted, or two alarms may sound alternately, creating a unique auditory characteristic.

[0067] Combined signal output: Ultimately, the specific color light emitted by the light alarm 51 and the specific frequency sound emitted by the two sound alarms 52 together form a complete combined alarm signal. For example, a combination of "red light + high-frequency beeping" indicates that the fluid has finished flowing; a combination of "yellow light + low-frequency beeping" indicates that the pipeline is blocked; and a combination of "blue light + special rhythmic sound" indicates that blood is flowing back. This sound and light linkage alarm method transmits abnormal information simultaneously through both visual and auditory channels.

[0068] As one implementation method of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 Controller 4 is configured as follows: When the liquid flow rate drops below the first threshold based on the first sensing signal and the liquid optical properties change above the second threshold based on the second sensing signal, it is determined that the liquid has been delivered or the pipeline has come loose, and the alarm component 5 is controlled to issue the first combined alarm signal. When the liquid pressure rises above the third threshold based on the first sensing signal and the change in the liquid optical properties does not exceed the fourth threshold based on the second sensing signal, it is determined that the downstream pipeline is blocked, and the alarm component 5 is controlled to issue a second combined alarm signal. When the change in the optical properties of the liquid exceeds the fifth threshold based on the second sensing signal and the change in pressure does not exceed the sixth threshold based on the first sensing signal, it is determined to be blood reflux, and the alarm component 5 is controlled to issue a third combined alarm signal.

[0069] Specifically, the controller 4 is a low-power microcontroller, and the housing assembly 1 contains a battery that powers the controller 4, the flow rate sensing mechanism 2, the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3, and the alarm assembly 5.

[0070] During implementation: 1) Logic for determining when liquid has run out or the tubing has detached: Signal feature analysis: First sensing signal (flow rate / pressure): When the fluid is finished being delivered or the tubing is dislodged from the needle, the fluid pressure inside the infusion tubing will drop rapidly. At this time, the squeezing force of the elastic compression member 21 of the flow rate sensing mechanism 2 on the pressure sensor 22 decreases, so the first sensing signal shows a decrease exceeding the threshold.

[0071] The second sensing signal (optical properties): When the liquid is exhausted, air enters the pipeline, or the pipeline detaches, leaving it empty, the medium through which light passes changes from liquid to air. Air absorbs and scatters infrared light much less than liquid, causing a sharp increase in transmittance. Therefore, the second sensing signal exhibits characteristics of drastic changes in optical properties exceeding a threshold (such as a jump in light intensity).

[0072] Combinatorial judgment logic: Controller 4 simultaneously detects changes in two signals: a decrease in pressure and a sudden change in optical properties (becoming air). These two characteristics together point to a state where "the liquid in the pipe has been lost and replaced by air," so controller 4 determines that the liquid has run out or the pipe has detached.

[0073] Control output: Based on this determination, controller 4 sends a command to alarm component 5 to drive it to emit the first combination alarm signal (e.g., red light + high-frequency beeping sound).

[0074] 2) Logic for determining downstream pipeline blockage: Signal feature analysis: The first sensing signal (flow rate / pressure): When a blockage occurs in the downstream tubing (such as at the intravenous needle tip), the fluid cannot flow normally into the blood vessel, causing an increase in pressure in the infusion tubing upstream of the blockage point. This increased pressure causes the infusion tubing to expand, increasing the reaction force on the elastic compression member 21, thus causing the pressure sensor 22 to detect an increase in pressure. Therefore, the first sensing signal shows a pressure increase exceeding a threshold.

[0075] The second sensing signal (optical properties): When downstream blockage occurs, the liquid upstream of the blockage point remains the same liquid being blocked, and its composition and properties do not change. Therefore, the optical properties of light passing through the liquid do not change beyond a threshold, and the second sensing signal remains relatively stable.

[0076] Combinatorial judgment logic: The controller 4 detected the following: pressure increased, but optical properties remained essentially unchanged (the liquid was still the same medication). These two characteristics ruled out the possibility of the liquid running out or its composition changing, both pointing to a blockage state where "the pipeline is clear but the liquid cannot flow out." Therefore, the controller 4 determined that the downstream pipeline was blocked.

[0077] Control output: Based on this determination, controller 4 sends a command to alarm component 5 to drive it to emit a second combination alarm signal (e.g., yellow light + low-frequency beeping sound).

[0078] 3) The logic for judging blood reflux: Signal feature analysis: Second sensing signal (optical properties): When blood reflux occurs, blood enters the infusion tube. Red blood cells in the blood strongly absorb and scatter infrared light, causing a sharp decrease in light transmittance. Therefore, the second sensing signal exhibits the characteristic of drastic changes in optical properties exceeding a threshold (light intensity signal drop).

[0079] First sensing signal (flow rate / pressure): In the initial stage of blood reflux, it is usually caused by the patient's venous pressure being higher than the infusion pressure. At this time, the overall pressure change of the fluid in the tubing may not be significant, or the change range may be small. Therefore, the first sensing signal may not exceed the pressure change threshold, or the change characteristics may not be obvious.

[0080] Combinatorial judgment logic: The situation detected by controller 4 is: a sudden change in optical properties (blood appears), but the pressure change is not significant. This combination of characteristics points to a situation where "the liquid composition has changed (blood has mixed in), but the patency of the tubing and the pressure status have not changed drastically," so controller 4 determines it to be blood reflux.

[0081] Control output: Based on this determination, controller 4 sends a command to alarm component 5 to drive it to emit a third combination alarm signal (e.g., blue light + special rhythmic alarm sound).

[0082] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing collects physical state signals (pressure / flow rate) and optical characteristic signals in the infusion tube through the flow rate sensing mechanism 2 and the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3 integrated in the housing component 1, respectively. The controller 4 performs fusion analysis and judgment, and finally drives the alarm component 5 to issue a corresponding audible and visual alarm when there is an abnormality.

[0083] 1) Installation and initial setup: Medical staff hold the housing assembly 1 and open the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 around the hinge, placing the infusion tubing segment to be monitored into the first slot 13 or the second slot 14. They then rotate the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 around the hinge to close them. When closed to the final position, two magnets 15 embedded at the free end attract each other, locking the housing assembly 1 in the closed state. At this point, the tubing cavity formed by the first slot 13 and the second slot 14 securely positions the infusion tubing in the predetermined location.

[0084] Flow rate sensing mechanism 2: After the housing assembly 1 is closed, the free end of the long arm of the elastic compression member 21 is compressed by the infusion tube and undergoes elastic bending, generating a continuous elastic restoring force, which tightly abuts against one side of the outer wall of the infusion tube. At the same time, this compression force is transmitted to the opposite side through the liquid in the infusion tube, causing the other side wall of the infusion tube to press tightly against and compress the force-bearing surface of the pressure sensor 22. At this time, the pressure value sensed by the pressure sensor 22 includes the basic pre-pressure applied by the elastic compression member 21 and the current liquid pressure in the infusion tube, which serves as the reference pressure value.

[0085] Liquid property sensing mechanism 3: After the housing assembly 1 is closed, the section of the infusion tube to be tested is located in the U-shaped opening of the fixing frame 31. The light source emitter 32 and the light source receiver 33 are positioned opposite each other, and the line connecting their optical paths passes through the axis of the infusion tube, preparing for optical detection.

[0086] System standby: The battery powers the controller 4, flow rate sensing mechanism 2, liquid characteristic sensing mechanism 3, and alarm component 5. The controller 4 starts up and begins receiving the first sensing signal from the pressure sensor 22 and the second sensing signal from the light source receiver 33 in real time. At this time, the infusion is normal, the light alarm 51 of the alarm component 5 is off, and the sound alarm 52 remains silent.

[0087] 2) Real-time monitoring and signal acquisition: Flow rate / pressure monitoring: Pressure sensor 22 continuously senses changes in pressure value caused by changes in pipe pressure. When the pipe pressure is stable, pressure sensor 22 outputs a stable first sensing signal; when the pipe pressure decreases or increases, pressure sensor 22 converts the pressure change into a continuously changing electrical signal (first sensing signal) in real time and transmits it to controller 4.

[0088] Liquid property monitoring: Driven by the controller 4, the light source emitter 32 continuously emits an infrared beam in the facing direction. This beam passes sequentially through the first layer of the infusion tube wall, the liquid inside the tube, and the second layer of the tube wall, finally illuminating the light source receiver 33. The light source receiver 33 converts the received light signal intensity into a corresponding electrical signal (second sensing signal) in real time and transmits it to the controller 4. When the liquid inside the tube is a clear, normal medication solution, the light source receiver 33 receives a relatively stable and high-intensity light signal and outputs a reference second sensing signal.

[0089] 3) Anomaly detection and alarm output: The controller 4 combines and analyzes the received first and second sensing signals according to the preset anomaly judgment rules to identify the specific anomaly type and drive the alarm component 5 to issue the corresponding alarm signal.

[0090] Judgment and alarm for fluid depletion or tubing detachment: Signal variation characteristics: When the liquid runs out or the tubing becomes detached, the liquid pressure inside the tubing drops rapidly. The pressure value detected by pressure sensor 22 decreases, and the first sensing signal shows a drop exceeding the threshold.

[0091] Simultaneously, air enters the pipe, and the medium through which the light passes changes from liquid to air. Since air absorbs and scatters infrared light much less than liquid, the transmittance increases dramatically. The intensity of the light signal received by the light source receiver 33 increases instantaneously and dramatically, and the second sensing signal exhibits characteristics of drastic changes in optical properties exceeding a threshold (such as a level jump).

[0092] Controller 4 determines: Controller 4 simultaneously monitors the changes in the first sensing signal (pressure drop) and the second sensing signal (sudden change in optical properties, turning into air), and determines that "the liquid has been delivered or the pipeline has detached".

[0093] Alarm Output: Controller 4 sends a command to alarm component 5, driving it to emit the first combined alarm signal. The light alarm 51 emits a red light, and the two sound alarms 52 simultaneously emit a high-frequency, rapid "beep" sound, jointly indicating that the liquid has run out or the pipeline has become disconnected.

[0094] Determining and alarming for downstream pipeline blockage: Signal variation characteristics: When a downstream tube (such as the intravenous needle tip) becomes blocked, the pressure in the infusion tube upstream of the blockage point increases. This increased pressure causes the infusion tube to expand, increasing the reaction force on the elastic compression member 21. The pressure sensor 22 detects the increased pressure, and the first sensing signal shows a pressure increase exceeding a threshold.

[0095] At this point, the liquid upstream of the blockage point remains the same medicinal solution, with no change in its composition or properties. Therefore, the optical properties of the light after passing through the liquid do not change beyond the threshold, and the second sensing signal remains relatively stable.

[0096] The controller determines that: the controller 4 detects the first sensing signal (pressure rise), while the second sensing signal (optical characteristics) remains basically unchanged, and determines that "downstream pipeline is blocked".

[0097] Alarm Output: Controller 4 sends a command to alarm component 5, driving it to emit a second combined alarm signal. The light alarm 51 emits a yellow light, and the two sound alarms 52 emit a low-frequency, slow "beep-beep-" sound, jointly indicating downstream pipeline blockage.

[0098] Blood reflux detection and alarm: Signal variation characteristics: When blood reflux occurs, blood enters the infusion tube. The red blood cells in the blood strongly absorb and scatter infrared light, causing a sharp decrease in light transmittance. The intensity of the light signal received by the light source receiver 33 drops, and the second sensing signal exhibits characteristics of drastic changes in optical properties exceeding a threshold (such as a level drop).

[0099] In the early stages of blood reflux, the overall pressure change of the fluid inside the tube may not be significant or the change may be small. Therefore, the first sensing signal may not exceed the pressure change threshold.

[0100] Controller 4 determines: Controller 4 detects the second sensing signal (abrupt change in optical characteristics, blood appears), while the first sensing signal (pressure change) is not obvious, and determines it as "blood reflux".

[0101] Alarm Output: Controller 4 sends a command to alarm component 5, driving it to emit a third combined alarm signal. The light alarm 51 emits a blue light, and the two sound alarms 52 emit alarm sounds with a special rhythm (such as continuous long beeps or alternating sounds), jointly indicating blood reflux.

[0102] 4) Continuous monitoring and resetting: After issuing an alarm signal, the system remains in alarm mode until medical personnel intervene. Based on the audible and visual alarm prompts, medical personnel quickly identify the type of abnormality and take appropriate measures (such as changing the medication, clearing blockages, adjusting the infusion position, etc.). Once the issue is resolved, the system can be manually reset or the casing can be closed again to initiate the next monitoring cycle. Throughout the entire infusion process, the system operates in low-power mode, relying on its built-in battery for continuous operation.

[0103] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and alarm system for infusion based on multi-parameter sensing, characterized in that, include: The housing assembly (1) has an internal cavity for accommodating the infusion tube, and the housing assembly (1) is detachably fixed to the infusion tube; A flow rate sensing mechanism (2) is disposed inside the housing assembly (1) to sense changes in the flow rate or pressure of the liquid in the infusion tube and output a first sensing signal characterizing the state of the infusion flow rate. The liquid property sensing mechanism (3) is disposed inside the housing assembly (1) and is used to sense the changes in the optical properties of the liquid in the infusion tube and output a second sensing signal characterizing the properties or composition of the liquid. The controller (4) is located inside the housing assembly (1) and is electrically connected to the flow rate sensing mechanism (2) and the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism (3). It is used to receive the first sensing signal and the second sensing signal, and to determine whether the infusion state is abnormal according to the preset abnormal judgment rules. An alarm component (5) is disposed on the housing component (1) and electrically connected to the controller (4). It is used to issue a corresponding alarm signal according to the type of abnormality when the controller (4) determines that an abnormality is present.

2. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing assembly (1) includes: First shell (11); The second housing (12) is closably connected to the first housing (11); The first housing (11) and the second housing (12) are respectively provided with a first slot (13) and a second slot (14) on their opposite surfaces. When the first housing (11) and the second housing (12) are in a closed state, the first slot (13) and the second slot (14) together enclose and form a cavity for accommodating and positioning the infusion tube.

3. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first housing (11) and the second housing (12) are rotatably connected by a hinge on one side. Magnets (15) are embedded in the free ends of the first housing (11) and the second housing (12). In the closed state, the first housing (11) and the second housing (12) are locked to fix the infusion tube in the cavity.

4. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow rate sensing mechanism (2) includes: The elastic compression member (21) is disposed in the second slot (14), one end of which is fixedly connected to the second housing (12), and the other end is a free end, which abuts against the outer wall of the infusion tube under the action of elastic force; The pressure sensor (22) is fixed on the inner wall of the first slot (13) and is positioned opposite to the elastic extruder (21). It is used to detect the pressure change of the infusion tube caused by the elastic extruder (21) pressing against it and output the first sensing signal.

5. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic extrusion member (21) has an L-shaped structure, with the free end of its long arm abutting against the infusion tube; the pressure sensor (22) is installed on the inner wall of the first slot (13) opposite to the free end of its long arm.

6. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid property sensing mechanism (3) includes: The fixing bracket (31) is fixedly installed in one end of the first housing (11) in a U-shaped structure, with its open end spanning both sides of the first slot (13); The light source emitter (32) is fixed to one side of the open end of the fixture (31) and is used to emit detection light into the liquid in the infusion tube; The light source receiver (33) is fixed on the other side of the opening end of the fixing frame (31) and is positioned opposite the light source emitter (32). It is used to receive the light signal passing through the liquid in the infusion tube and output a second sensing signal according to the change in light signal intensity or spectrum.

7. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The light source emitter (32) is an infrared light-emitting diode, and the light source receiver (33) is an infrared receiving transistor; the optical path center line connecting the light source emitter (32) and the light source receiver (33) passes through the axis of the infusion tube.

8. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alarm component (5) includes: A light alarm (51) is fixedly installed on the surface of the first housing (11) to emit light of different colors to distinguish different types of infusion abnormalities; Two sound alarms (52) are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides below the light alarm (51), for emitting alarm sounds of different frequencies.

9. The infusion real-time monitoring and alarm system based on multi-parameter sensing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller (4) is configured as follows: When the liquid flow rate drops below the first threshold as determined by the first sensing signal and the liquid optical properties change above the second threshold as determined by the second sensing signal, it is determined that the liquid has been delivered or the pipeline has fallen off, and the alarm component (5) is controlled to issue a first combined alarm signal. When the liquid pressure rises above the third threshold based on the first sensing signal and the liquid optical properties change below the fourth threshold based on the second sensing signal, it is determined that the downstream pipeline is blocked, and the alarm component (5) is controlled to issue a second combined alarm signal. When the change in the optical properties of the liquid exceeds the fifth threshold based on the second sensing signal and the change in pressure does not exceed the sixth threshold based on the first sensing signal, it is determined that blood reflux occurs, and the alarm component (5) is controlled to issue a third combined alarm signal.

10. A real-time monitoring and alarm system for infusion based on multi-parameter sensing according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The controller (4) is a low-power microcontroller, and the housing assembly (1) is equipped with a battery that powers the controller (4), the flow rate sensing mechanism (2), the liquid characteristic sensing mechanism (3) and the alarm assembly (5).

Images