Anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-wall parts of a boiler

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of laser welding, and discloses a kind of laser welding anti-deformation equipment for boiler thin-walled parts, including main clamp, main clamp is located at the side of welding head, for the positioning of the outer wall of the boiler piece to be welded, the side of main clamp away from welding head is provided with side stopper for the positioning of the one end of the boiler piece to be welded, the bottom end of side stopper is provided with moving track, side stopper includes fixed frame slidably connected with moving track, the side of fixed frame close to main clamp is provided with limiting groove for the limiting of the one end of large-size boiler piece, the inner wall of limiting groove is provided with stop wall group for the positioning of small-size thin-walled part.The present application is provided with side stopper, the equipment integrates stop wall group in the inner wall of limiting groove of side stopper, when side stopper completes the positioning of large-size pipe sleeve, stop wall group can directly position small-size thin-walled pipe, realizes the integration of " big pipe positioning " and " small pipe positioning " collaborative.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding technology, and specifically to a laser welding anti-deformation device for thin-walled boiler components. Background Technology

[0002] Boiler thin-walled components refer to critical components with a thickness of 0.5–4 mm that directly participate in heat and pressure bearing, including water-cooled wall tubes and flue sealing plates. The purpose of welding these components is to ensure their pressure-bearing sealing, high-temperature corrosion resistance, and structural dimensional accuracy, preventing safety accidents such as leaks and tube ruptures caused by welding defects. The core welding point lies in using laser welding as the core compatible technology. This involves thorough pre-welding cleaning and precise flexible clamping, optimized bevel design, precise calibration of low heat input parameters during welding, adoption of a segmented symmetrical welding strategy, and full-process control of stress-relief annealing and non-destructive testing after welding. The core characteristics of this welding are the component's weak rigidity and extreme sensitivity to deformation, the technical compatibility of laser welding with low heat input and narrow heat-affected zone, and deformation control (such as suppressing wave deformation and angular deformation) as the core control objective. It is necessary to balance heat input and welding strength, and avoid accompanying defects such as burn-through and porosity.

[0003] Deformation during laser welding of thin-walled tubes and medium-thick tube sheets in boilers manifests as tube end shrinkage, specifically axial shortening of the tube and deviation from the tube sheet's perpendicularity, leading to tube sheet hole misalignment; this is accompanied by slight localized warping of the tube sheet. The root cause of this deformation lies in the inherent characteristics of joints with dissimilar thicknesses. The significant differences in thermal conductivity and dissipation between thin-walled tubes and medium-thick tube sheets result in extremely uneven heat input distribution during localized laser heating, causing asynchronous thermal expansion and contraction processes. Furthermore, the uneven constraint exerted by the medium-thick tube sheet on the thin-walled tubes further amplifies the deformation. This type of deformation poses significant risks, directly compromising the matching accuracy between the tube sheet holes and the tube bundle, leading to excessive gaps in subsequent tube bundle assembly and inaccurate docking. In long-term operation, stress concentration caused by deformation can also reduce the sealing performance and load-bearing capacity of the welded joint, easily inducing media leakage and, in severe cases, affecting the overall operational stability of the boiler. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a laser welding anti-deformation device for thin-walled boiler parts, which can effectively solve the problems of weak rigidity and insufficient clamping of thin-walled parts, resulting in various deformations in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a laser welding anti-deformation device for thin-walled boiler components, comprising:

[0007] A welding head, which is connected to a rocker arm, and the rocker arm drives the welding head to move, for laser welding of boiler components;

[0008] The main clamp is located on one side of the welding head and is used to position the outer wall of the boiler part to be welded. A side abutment is provided on the side of the main clamp away from the welding head to position one end of the boiler part to be welded. A moving track is provided at the bottom end of the side abutment.

[0009] The side abutment includes a fixed frame that is slidably connected to the moving track. The fixed frame is provided with a limiting groove on the side near the main clamp to limit one end of the large-sized boiler part. The inner wall of the limiting groove is provided with a wall abutment group to position the small-sized thin-walled part.

[0010] The main clamp includes a positioning assembly that fits against the outer wall of the boiler component.

[0011] Furthermore, the main fixture includes a guide rail fixedly connected to the work platform, a drive component is provided on one side of the guide rail, and the output end of the drive component is connected to the bottom end of the positioning assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes a bracket that is slidably connected to the guide rail. A rotating shaft is symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the top of the bracket. A connecting plate is damped and connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft. The symmetrically arranged connecting plates all adopt a triangular arc design. A rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the middle of the symmetrically arranged connecting plates. An elastic pad is provided on the outer wall of the rotating wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixing plate is provided on the side of the guide rail near the welding head. A groove is opened on the side of the fixing plate. An end assembly is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove. The end assembly consists of a round wheel, a screw and an arc-shaped abutment embedded in the inner wall of the groove. The end of the round wheel away from the groove is threadedly connected to the screw, and the screw passes through one end of the arc-shaped abutment.

[0014] Furthermore, the wall-blocking assembly includes fixed blocks equidistantly arranged along the circumference, a fixed groove is provided in the middle of one end of the fixed block near the guide rail, and spring plates are equidistantly arranged on the side of the fixed groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the spring plate adopts a stepped design, with the end of the spring plate closest to the fixing groove being the highest point.

[0016] Furthermore, a spring is elastically connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove, and the other end of the spring is embedded in the inner wall of the inner groove, which is located at the end of the abutment rod away from the guide rail.

[0017] Furthermore, an outer groove is formed on the periphery of the end of the abutment rod away from the guide rail, the inner wall of the outer groove is slidably connected to the outer wall of the inner groove and the outer wall of the fixed groove, and an inclined groove is formed on the outer wall of the outer groove in the circumferential direction, with the spring plate located on the inner wall of the inclined groove.

[0018] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] This invention features a side abutment component. The device integrates the wall-stopping assembly into the inner wall of the limiting groove of the side abutment component. After the side abutment component completes the positioning of the large-sized tube sleeve, the wall-stopping assembly can directly position the small-sized thin-walled tube, achieving integrated coordination of "large tube positioning" and "small tube positioning". The circumferential equidistant layout and elastic positioning design of the wall-stopping assembly can accurately and stably position the thin-walled tube from multiple directions, avoiding positioning deviations and deformations of the thin-walled tube, and solving the pain point problem of difficult positioning of small-sized thin-walled tubes. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main clamp structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning group structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the side abutment structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of the wall-blocking assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of the wall-blocking assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Welding head; 2. Main clamp; 21. Guide rail; 211. Fixing plate; 212. End assembly; 22. Drive component; 23. Positioning assembly; 231. Bracket; 232. Rotating shaft; 233. Connecting plate; 234. Rotating wheel; 235. Elastic pad; 3. Side abutment; 31. Fixing frame; 32. Limiting groove; 33. Wall abutment assembly; 331. Fixing block; 332. Fixing groove; 333. Spring plate; 334. Spring; 335. Abutment rod; 336. Inner groove; 337. Outer groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0031] Example:

[0032] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides a technical solution for laser welding anti-deformation equipment for thin-walled boiler components:

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device includes a welding head 1 and a main clamp 2 for laser welding of boiler components. The main clamp 2 is the core structure for positioning the outer wall of the workpiece. Its overall design revolves around three core objectives: "adaptive fitting, stable clamping, and damage prevention". It includes a guide rail 21, a drive component 22, a positioning group 23, and auxiliary fixing plates 211 and abutment groups 212. The special design of each component forms a synergistic advantage.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The guide rail 21 adopts an integrated design that is fixedly connected to the work platform, ensuring the straightness and stability of the guide rail 21 itself, and providing a basic guarantee for the precise movement of the positioning group 23. At the same time, a fixing plate 211 is set on the side of the guide rail 21 near the welding head 1. A groove is opened on the side of the fixing plate 211, and the inner wall of the groove is slidably connected to the end group 212. This integrated layout allows the end group 212 to form a positioning response with the positioning group 23, which can provide auxiliary limiting from the end of the workpiece near the welding head 1, making up for the inadequacy of the axial limiting of a single positioning group 23. The abutment assembly 212 consists of a round wheel, a screw, and an arc-shaped abutment embedded in the inner wall of the channel. The design of the round wheel and the channel reduces the frictional resistance when the abutment assembly 212 moves, making the adjustment process smoother. The threaded connection between the screw and the round wheel enables fine adjustment of the positioning position of the abutment assembly 212, while the design of the arc-shaped abutment can conform to the arc contour of the outer wall of the workpiece, avoiding local stress concentration caused by rigid plane contact. This ensures the limiting effect and reduces the risk of damage to the outer wall of the workpiece.

[0035] The output end of the drive unit 22 is directly connected to the bottom end of the positioning group 23. This direct drive design reduces energy loss and error accumulation in intermediate transmission links, making the movement of the positioning group 23 more precise and the response faster. The cooperation between the drive unit 22 and the guide rail 21 enables the positioning group 23 to move smoothly along the guide rail 21. The clamping position of the positioning group 23 can be flexibly adjusted according to the length of the workpiece and the welding position requirements, improving the adaptability of the equipment.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The positioning assembly 23 is the core actuator of the main clamp 2. Its structural design is highly targeted, including a bracket 231 slidably connected to the guide rail 21, a rotating shaft 232 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the top of the bracket 231, a connecting plate 233 dampedly connected to the rotating shaft 232, a rotating wheel 234 rotatably connected to the middle of the connecting plate 233, and an elastic pad 235 arranged on the outer wall of the rotating wheel 234. The bracket 231, as the load-bearing foundation, adopts an integrated molding structure to ensure sufficient rigidity and stably support the operation of subsequent components. The symmetrically arranged rotating shaft 232 and connecting plate 233 form a symmetrical clamping structure. This symmetrical design allows the clamping force on both sides of the workpiece to be evenly distributed, avoiding workpiece displacement or deformation caused by unilateral force. The connecting plate 233 adopts a triangular arc design. The triangular structure has natural stability and can effectively disperse the clamping force, while the arc design makes the connecting plate 233 more adaptable to the outer wall of the workpiece and can reduce the contact stress with the workpiece. At the same time, the connecting plate 233 and the rotating shaft 232 adopt a damping connection. This connection method allows the connecting plate 233 to flexibly adjust the angle within a certain range, which can adapt to the outer wall contour of workpieces with different diameters, achieve precise fit of the workpiece, and avoid insecure clamping or excessive squeezing caused by slight deviations in the diameter of the workpiece. The rotating connection design between the rotating wheel 234 and the connecting plate 233 allows the workpiece to be rotated slightly when necessary, facilitating welding operations of the welding head 1 at different positions. It also reduces frictional damage to the outer wall of the workpiece during clamping. The elastic pad 235 on the outer wall of the rotating wheel 234 further enhances the anti-damage and fit effect. The elastic material can buffer the clamping force, avoid rigid contact causing scratches or indentations to the outer wall of the workpiece, and increase the friction between the rotating wheel 234 and the outer wall of the workpiece, improving the stability of clamping and preventing relative slippage of the workpiece during welding.

[0037] refer to Figure 5 The side abutment 3 serves as a supplementary positioning structure to the main clamp 2. Its core function is to achieve the positioning of one end of a large-sized boiler component and the precise positioning of a small-sized thin-walled tube. Its structural design revolves around "linkage positioning, adaptive adjustment, and elastic buffering". It includes a fixed frame 31 that is slidably connected to the moving track, a limiting groove 32 set on the side of the fixed frame 31 near the main clamp 2, and a wall abutment group 33 located on the inner wall of the limiting groove 32.

[0038] The sliding connection design between the fixed frame 31 and the moving track enables the side abutment 3 to move flexibly, and the distance between it and the main clamp 2 can be adjusted according to the length of the workpiece to adapt to workpieces of different specifications. At the same time, the moving track provides a stable guide for the movement of the fixed frame 31, ensuring that the movement direction of the side abutment 3 is consistent with the positioning direction of the main clamp 2, thus avoiding positioning deviation.

[0039] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The design of the limiting groove 32 fully conforms to the end contour of the large-sized boiler component. Adopting an arc-shaped structure that matches the end of the workpiece, it achieves comprehensive wrapping positioning of one end of the large-sized boiler component. Compared to traditional point or line positioning, this surface positioning method has a larger contact area and more stable positioning, effectively limiting the workpiece's offset and movement in the end direction. Simultaneously, the limiting groove 32 integrates the wall-stopping assembly 33 into the inner wall, allowing the wall-stopping assembly 33 to directly act on the small-sized thin-walled tube located inside the large-sized tube sleeve. This achieves an integrated design of "large tube positioning" and "small tube positioning," reducing the need for additional positioning structures, simplifying equipment layout, and ensuring the relative positional accuracy between the small-sized thin-walled tube and the large-sized tube sleeve.

[0040] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The wall-stopping assembly 33 is the core structure for achieving precise positioning of small-sized thin-walled tubes. Its design is highly innovative, including circumferentially equidistant fixing blocks 331, a fixing groove 332 located in the middle of the fixing block 331 near the guide rail 21, elastic plates 333 equidistantly positioned on the sides of the fixing groove 332, a spring 334 elastically connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove 332, a stop rod 335 with the spring 334 embedded at one end, an inner groove 336 located at the end of the stop rod 335 away from the guide rail 21, and an outer groove 337 located on the periphery of the end of the stop rod 335 away from the guide rail 21. The circumferentially equidistant fixing blocks 331 enable the wall-stopping assembly 33 to position the small-sized thin-walled tube from multiple directions, forming a uniform clamping force and avoiding deformation of the thin-walled tube caused by unilateral positioning. The fixing groove 332 provides stable space for the installation of the spring 334 and the stop rod 335, and also provides fixed support for the elastic plate 333.

[0041] The spring plate 333 adopts a stepped design, with the end closest to the fixing groove 332 being the highest point. This stepped structure precisely matches the inclined groove on the inner wall of the outer groove 337 of the abutment rod 335. When the abutment rod 335 moves, the spring plate 333 can slide along the inclined groove. The different heights of the stepped structure allow for fine-tuning of the positioning position of the abutment rod 335. Simultaneously, the stepped design also serves as a limit, preventing excessive movement of the abutment rod 335 from causing excessive compression of the thin-walled tube. The elastic connection design of the spring 334 gives the abutment rod 335 elastic buffering capability. When the abutment rod 335 contacts the thin-walled tube, the spring 334 can adaptively extend and retract according to the actual position and size of the thin-walled tube, avoiding damage to the thin-walled tube caused by rigid positioning. At the same time, the elastic force of the spring 334 can always maintain the stable pressure of the abutment rod 335 against the thin-walled tube, preventing loosening or displacement of the thin-walled tube during welding.

[0042] The sliding connection design between the inner groove 336 and the outer groove 337 allows the abutment rod 335 to move smoothly within the fixed groove 332, avoiding jamming or deviation during movement. The inclined groove on the outer wall of the outer groove 337, in conjunction with the spring plate 333, further improves the accuracy and stability of the abutment rod 335 adjustment, enabling the wall abutment assembly 33 to adapt to small-sized thin-walled tubes of different diameters, thus enhancing the versatility of the equipment.

[0043] As the execution component for laser welding, the welding head 1 is positioned in coordination with the main clamp 2 and the side abutment 3. Located on one side of the main clamp 2, it ensures that the welding path of the welding head 1 accurately covers the welding area of ​​the workpiece, while avoiding interference with the positioning structure during the welding process. The welding head 1 has a precise displacement adjustment function, which can flexibly adjust the welding angle and welding position according to welding requirements. Together with the positioning of the main clamp 2 and the side abutment 3, it achieves precise welding of the welding area.

[0044] The equipment adopts a collaborative structural design of "main clamp 2 for positioning + side abutment 3 for auxiliary positioning + welding head 1 for precise welding". The positional layout of each structure has been precisely planned to ensure the coordination of positioning, clamping and welding. The radial positioning of the main clamp 2, the axial and end positioning of the side abutment 3, and the supplementary limiting of the abutment assembly 212 form a comprehensive positioning system, which restricts the movement and deformation of the workpiece from multiple dimensions, providing a stable guarantee for the precise welding of the welding head 1. At the same time, the adjustment functions of each structure complement each other and can be adjusted collaboratively according to the specifications of the workpiece and welding requirements, improving the overall adaptability and operational flexibility of the equipment.

[0045] First, perform an initialization check on the equipment to confirm that all structural components are in their initial positions: the positioning group 23 of the main clamp 2 is at the initial end of the guide rail 21, the connecting plates 233 on both sides are in the open state, and the rotating wheel 234 is not compressed; the fixing frame 31 of the side abutment 3 is at the far end of the moving track, maintaining the maximum distance from the main clamp 2, the abutment rod 335 of the wall abutment group 33 is in the retracted state, and the spring plate 333 is in the initial position of the outer groove 337; the end abutment group 212 is in the initial position of the groove of the fixing plate 211 and does not extend in the workpiece positioning direction; the welding head 1 is in the preset initial position to ensure that it does not interfere with the subsequent welding path. At the same time, check whether the functions of each structural component are normal, including the power output of the drive component 22, the damping adjustment of the rotating shaft 232, the elastic performance of the spring 334, the smooth movement of each sliding structure, and the laser output function of the welding head 1, to ensure that all parts of the equipment can work normally.

[0046] The assembly of multiple small, thin-walled tubes on the inner wall of a large-sized boiler component to be welded is placed stably in the working area of ​​the equipment, ensuring that the axis of the large-sized tube sleeve is aligned with the positioning direction of the main clamp 2. The position of the workpiece is adjusted so that one end of the large-sized tube sleeve faces the side abutment 3, and the other end is close to the side of the main clamp 2 closest to the welding head 1, ensuring that the welding area of ​​the workpiece corresponds to the weldable range of the welding head 1. During this process, the position of the workpiece can be initially adjusted visually or using simple auxiliary positioning tools to lay the foundation for subsequent precise positioning.

[0047] The drive unit 22 is activated, and its output power drives the positioning assembly 23 to move along the guide rail 21 toward the workpiece until the bracket 231 of the positioning assembly 23 moves to the preset clamping position. At this point, the movement of the drive unit 22 is stopped. Then, the connecting plate 233 of the positioning assembly 23 is adjusted. Since the connecting plate 233 and the rotating shaft 232 are connected by damping, the operator can manually or automatically adjust the angle of the two connecting plates 233, causing the rotating wheel 234 in the middle of the connecting plate 233 to gradually approach the outer wall of the large-size tube sleeve. During the contact between the rotating wheel 234 and the outer wall of the tube sleeve, the elastic pad 235 on the outer wall of the rotating wheel 234 first adheres to the outer wall of the tube sleeve. As the angle of the connecting plate 233 is further adjusted, the elastic pad 235 is compressed and undergoes elastic deformation, tightly adhering to the outer wall of the tube sleeve, while simultaneously generating a uniform clamping force. When the clamping force of the two rotating wheels 234 on the sleeve reaches the preset stable state, the adjustment of the connecting plate 233 is stopped. At this time, the main clamp 2 completes the radial precise positioning and clamping of the outer wall of the large-size sleeve, restricting the movement and deformation of the sleeve in the radial direction.

[0048] Next, adjust the abutment assembly 212 on the fixing plate 211, and push the abutment assembly 212 along the groove of the fixing plate 211 toward the workpiece, so that the arc-shaped abutment of the abutment assembly 212 gradually approaches the outer wall of the end of the large-size pipe sleeve that is close to the welding head 1. After the arc-shaped abutment initially fits against the outer wall of the pipe sleeve, adjust the extension of the abutment assembly 212 by rotating the screw, so that the arc-shaped abutment fits tightly against the outer wall of the pipe sleeve, thereby achieving auxiliary limiting of that end of the pipe sleeve and further restricting the movement of the pipe sleeve in the axial direction.

[0049] The movement drive mechanism of the side abutment 3 is activated, driving the fixed frame 31 to move along the moving track towards the main clamp 2 until the limiting groove 32 on the fixed frame 31 gradually approaches the other end of the large-size tube sleeve. During the contact process between the limiting groove 32 and the end of the tube sleeve, the fit between the limiting groove 32 and the end of the tube sleeve is observed to ensure that the end of the tube sleeve can be accurately embedded in the limiting groove 32. When the end of the tube sleeve is fully embedded in the limiting groove 32 and fits against the inner wall of the limiting groove 32, the movement of the fixed frame 31 is stopped. At this time, the side abutment 3 completes the axial positioning of one end of the large-size tube sleeve, further restricting the movement and axial displacement of the tube sleeve.

[0050] After the side abutment 3 completes the positioning of the large-sized tube sleeve, the wall abutment assembly 33 simultaneously completes the positioning of the small-sized thin-walled tube. Since the wall abutment assembly 33 is equidistantly arranged along the inner wall of the limiting groove 32, when the end of the tube sleeve is inserted into the limiting groove 32, the abutment rod 335 of the wall abutment assembly 33 is precisely aligned with the small-sized thin-walled tube inside the tube sleeve. Under the elastic action of the spring 334, the abutment rod 335 extends towards the thin-walled tube, and the end of the abutment rod 335 gradually approaches the outer wall of the thin-walled tube. During the extension of the abutment rod 335, the inclined groove of the outer groove 337 of the abutment rod 335 slides relative to the spring plate 333 on the fixing block 331. Because the spring plate 333 adopts a stepped design, as the sliding process proceeds, the spring plate 333 guides and fine-tunes the movement of the abutment rod 335, enabling the abutment rod 335 to be accurately aligned with the thin-walled tube. When the end of the abutment rod 335 contacts the outer wall of the thin-walled tube, the spring 334 continues to contract, generating elastic force to keep the abutment rod 335 stably pressed against the thin-walled tube. Simultaneously, the spring plate 333 engages at the corresponding step position in the inclined groove, limiting the abutment rod 335 and preventing it from overextending and causing excessive pressure on the thin-walled tube. At this point, the abutment assembly 33 completes the precise positioning of the small-sized thin-walled tube, restricting its movement and deformation during the welding process.

[0051] After the main fixture 2 and the side abutment 3 complete the all-round positioning and clamping of the workpiece, the welding head 1 is started. According to the preset welding parameters and welding path, the position and angle of the welding head 1 are adjusted so that the laser welding head is accurately aligned with the welding area of ​​the workpiece.

[0052] The equipment utilizes a comprehensive positioning system formed by the main clamp 2 and the side abutments 3 to restrict the movement and deformation of the workpiece from multiple dimensions. The triangular arc-shaped connecting plate 233, the damped connecting shaft 232, and the rotating wheel 234 with elastic pads 235 of the main clamp 2 achieve uniform clamping and adaptive fit of the outer wall of large-sized tubing, avoiding radial deformation of the tubing caused by unilateral force or rigid contact. The limiting groove 32 of the side abutments 3 achieves axial positioning of the tubing end, limiting axial movement of the tubing. The elastic abutment rod 335 and the stepped elastic plate 333 of the wall abutment group 33 achieve precise positioning and elastic clamping of small-sized thin-walled tubes, preventing shrinkage deformation and displacement of the thin-walled tubes during welding. Simultaneously, the supplementary limiting of the end abutment group 212 further enhances the positioning effect. Through the synergistic effect of these structures, problems such as tube end shrinkage deformation, axial shortening, perpendicularity deviation, and tube sheet hole position offset caused by uneven heat input and weak workpiece rigidity during the welding process are effectively suppressed, significantly improving the welding accuracy of the workpiece and ensuring that the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerance of the welded workpiece meet the design requirements.

[0053] Stable positioning and clamping ensure precise welding of welding head 1, avoiding welding deviations caused by workpiece movement or deformation. Welding head 1 can accurately align with the welding area, ensuring that laser energy is concentrated on the weld joint, improving weld penetration and forming quality. Simultaneously, the equipment's positioning structure effectively reduces workpiece vibration during welding, avoiding defects such as weld ripples, incomplete fusion, and incomplete penetration caused by vibration. The design of elastic pads 235 and elastic abutments 335 reduces damage to the workpiece surface, avoiding welding cracks caused by surface defects. All of these significantly reduce the incidence of welding defects, improve the mechanical and sealing properties of the weld, ensure the welding quality of thin-walled boiler components, and lay the foundation for the safe operation of boiler equipment.

[0054] The equipment employs reasonable material selection and structural design for each structural component, reducing wear and damage during use. For example, the elastic pad 235 on the outer wall of the roller 234 not only prevents damage and provides a snug fit, but also reduces friction and wear between the roller 234 and the workpiece; the precise fit of various sliding structures, such as the positioning assembly 23 and guide rail 21, the abutment assembly 212 and channel, and the abutment rod 335 and fixing groove 332, reduces jamming and wear during sliding; the elastic design of the spring 334 avoids damage to the structure from rigid impacts. These designs all contribute to extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance.

[0055] Traditional welding positioning equipment is often designed for workpieces of specific specifications, resulting in poor adaptability. When workpiece specifications change, the positioning fixture needs to be replaced, which is cumbersome and costly. This equipment effectively solves this problem through the adaptive adjustment design of each structure. The connecting plate 233 of the main fixture 2 can be adjusted by the damping of the rotating shaft 232 to accommodate large-sized pipe sleeves of different diameters; the fixing frame 31 of the side abutment 3 can move along the moving track to accommodate pipe sleeves of different lengths; the abutment rod 335 of the wall abutment assembly 33 can be adapted to small-sized thin-walled tubes of different diameters through the elastic extension and contraction of the spring 334 and the stepped adjustment of the spring plate 333. These designs enable the equipment to adapt to a variety of large-sized pipe sleeves and small-sized thin-walled tube combinations, significantly improving the equipment's versatility and reducing the replacement and manufacturing costs of special fixtures.

[0056] Boiler thin-walled components are made of thin material with relatively low surface hardness. Traditional rigid positioning clamps are prone to scratching, indentation, and other damage to the workpiece surface during clamping, affecting the workpiece's appearance quality and subsequent performance. This equipment effectively solves this problem through multiple elastic contact designs. The elastic pads 235 on the outer wall of the main clamp 2 rotating wheel 234, the elastic abutments 335 of the side abutment 3 wall abutment group 33, and the arc-shaped abutments of the abutment end group 212 all use elastic or flexible contact methods to contact the workpiece, which can buffer the clamping force and avoid damage to the workpiece surface caused by rigid contact. At the same time, elastic contact can also increase the contact area and improve the stability of clamping, achieving the dual goals of "stable clamping" and "surface protection".

[0057] During laser welding, the laser impact force and the thermal expansion and contraction of the workpiece can easily cause axial movement, affecting welding accuracy and weld quality. Traditional positioning equipment often only focuses on radial positioning, insufficiently limiting axial movement. This equipment effectively solves this problem by using bidirectional axial positioning formed by the limiting groove 32 of the side abutment 3 and the abutment assembly 212 of the main clamp 2. The limiting groove 32 of the side abutment 3 axially limits one end of the sleeve, while the abutment assembly 212 provides auxiliary limiting to the other end of the sleeve. This bidirectional cooperation restricts the axial movement of the workpiece, ensuring the positional stability of the workpiece during welding and further improving welding accuracy.

[0058] The small, thin-walled tubes inside large-sized tubing sleeves are difficult to position accurately using traditional methods due to their special location, small size, and weak rigidity, easily leading to positioning deviations or deformations. This device integrates the wall-stopping assembly 33 into the inner wall of the limiting groove 32 of the side abutment 3. After the side abutment 3 completes the positioning of the large-sized tubing sleeve, the wall-stopping assembly 33 can directly position the small, thin-walled tubes, achieving integrated and coordinated positioning of both the large and small tubes. The circumferentially equidistant layout and elastic positioning design of the wall-stopping assembly 33 enable precise and stable positioning of the thin-walled tubes from multiple directions, avoiding positioning deviations and deformations, and solving the pain point of difficult positioning of small, thin-walled tubes.

[0059] Traditional welding equipment often suffers from an unreasonable layout of positioning structures and workpieces, which can easily lead to interference during welding and affect the normal operation of the welding process. This new equipment fully considers this issue in its structural layout design. The welding head 1 is positioned on one side of the main clamp 2, and the positioning structures of both the main clamp 2 and the side abutment 3 avoid the welding path of the welding head 1. This ensures that the welding head 1 can flexibly adjust its welding angle and position without interfering with the positioning structure. Simultaneously, the rotatable design of the main clamp 2's rotating wheels 234 allows for slight rotation of the workpiece, facilitating comprehensive welding of the circumferential welding area by the welding head 1 and further improving the smoothness of the welding operation.

[0060] This laser welding anti-deformation equipment for thin-walled boiler components forms a comprehensive and precise positioning and welding system through the coordinated design of the main clamp 2, side abutments 3, and welding head 1. Its unique structural design not only effectively solves the core deformation problem in the laser welding process of thin-walled boiler components but also addresses multiple requirements such as multi-specification compatibility, workpiece damage prevention, and ease of operation. During use, the various structural components work in an orderly manner, achieving precise control of the entire process from workpiece placement to welding completion, significantly improving welding accuracy, welding quality, and welding efficiency. Simultaneously, the equipment also solves many additional problems such as batch production consistency, positioning, and welding interference, demonstrating high practicality and applicability. The application of this equipment provides reliable technical support for the laser welding of thin-walled boiler components, contributing to the upgrading and development of welding processes in the boiler manufacturing industry and improving the overall quality and safe operation level of boiler equipment.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding anti-deformation device for thin-walled boiler components, characterized in that, include: Welding head (1), the welding head (1) is connected to the rocker arm, the rocker arm drives the welding head (1) to move, and is used to perform laser welding operation on boiler components; The main clamp (2) is located on one side of the welding head (1) and is used to position the outer wall of the boiler part to be welded. The side of the main clamp (2) away from the welding head (1) is provided with a side abutment (3) for positioning one end of the boiler part to be welded. The bottom end of the side abutment (3) is provided with a moving track. The side abutment (3) includes a fixed frame (31) that is slidably connected to the moving track. The fixed frame (31) is provided with a limiting groove (32) on the side near the main clamp (2) to limit one end of the large-sized boiler part. The inner wall of the limiting groove (32) is provided with a wall abutment group (33) to position the small-sized thin-walled part. The main clamp (2) includes a positioning assembly (23) that fits against the outer wall of the boiler component.

2. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main clamp (2) includes a guide rail (21) fixedly connected to the working platform. A drive unit (22) is provided on one side of the guide rail (21). The output end of the drive unit (22) is connected to the bottom end of the positioning group (23).

3. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (23) includes a bracket (231) that is slidably connected to the guide rail (21). A rotating shaft (232) is symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the top of the bracket (231). A connecting plate (233) is dampedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (232). The symmetrically arranged connecting plates (233) all adopt a triangular arc design. A rotating wheel (234) is rotatably connected to the middle of the symmetrically arranged connecting plates (233). An elastic pad (235) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating wheel (234).

4. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing plate (211) is provided on the side of the guide rail (21) near the welding head (1). A groove is provided on the side of the fixing plate (211). An end assembly (212) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove. The end assembly (212) consists of a round wheel, a screw and an arc abutment embedded in the inner wall of the groove. The end of the round wheel away from the groove is threadedly connected to the screw. The screw passes through one end of the arc abutment.

5. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall-blocking assembly (33) includes fixed blocks (331) arranged equidistantly along the circumference. A fixed groove (332) is provided in the middle of one end of the fixed block (331) near the guide rail (21). Spring plates (333) are arranged equidistantly on the side of the fixed groove (332).

6. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring plate (333) adopts a stepped design, with the highest point being the end of the spring plate (333) closest to the fixing groove (332).

7. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spring (334) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove (332). The other end of the spring (334) is embedded in the inner wall of the inner groove (336). The inner groove (336) is located at the end of the abutment (335) away from the guide rail (21).

8. The anti-deformation equipment for laser welding of thin-walled boiler parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The abutment (335) has an outer groove (337) on its periphery at the end away from the guide rail (21). The inner wall of the outer groove (337) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the inner groove (336) and the outer wall of the fixed groove (332). The outer wall of the outer groove (337) has an inclined groove along the circumference. The spring plate (333) is located on the inner wall of the inclined groove.

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