Plastic deformation energy absorbing explosive bolt collection box

Abstract

The application discloses a plastic deformation energy-absorbing type explosive bolt collecting box, and aims to solve the problems of limited energy absorption and damage of bolt heads to the structure of the collecting box. The collecting box comprises a base, a box body and a top cover, the base, the box body and the top cover are sequentially fixedly connected or integrally formed, the base is fixedly connected with an inter-stage separation surface of a spacecraft, the box body is sleeved outside a bolt head of an explosive bolt, and the top cover is arranged opposite to the explosion direction of the bolt head. The box body is of a tubular structure, a plurality of through holes allowing plastic deformation of the side wall of the box body are arranged on the side wall, and the through holes are distributed in a staggered manner in the circumferential direction of the side wall. The through holes arranged on the collecting box can absorb the impact of the bolt head of the explosive bolt when the spacecraft separates between stages, and the collecting box can keep the original basic structure through plastic deformation, thereby effectively limiting the activity range of the bolt head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace manufacturing technology, specifically to a plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box. Background Technology

[0002] At present, my country's aerospace industry is developing rapidly, and new processes, methods and technologies are constantly emerging in the field of aerospace manufacturing. Among them, explosive bolt connection is still one of the main forms used for inter-stage connection and separation of multi-stage spacecraft. After separation, the bolt head has a high speed under the action of the explosion impact. In order to prevent it from damaging other structures, a collection box is needed to limit its movement range.

[0003] Existing explosive bolt collection solutions rely on integrated closed or semi-closed structures to confine the bolts within a specific space. This requires tailored design of the collection space, limiting application scenarios and resulting in high costs. While some solutions employ corrugated designs on the sidewalls of the collection box to increase elasticity and buffer the bolts, Chinese patent CN216558552U discloses an explosive bolt collection box comprising a bottom, body, and top cover. The body is designed as a corrugated pipe structure capable of elastic deformation. This solution utilizes the elastic deformation of the body to absorb the impact energy of the bolt head, achieving weight reduction. However, in practical applications, relying solely on the elastic deformation of the material to absorb energy limits the energy density and total amount absorbed. Bolt heads in the corrugated pipe structure are highly susceptible to head-on impacts with the curved sides of the corrugated pipe inside the collection box, causing damage and rendering the confinement effect ineffective.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new collection box to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Purpose of the invention The purpose of this invention is to provide a plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box, that is, to solve the problems of limited energy absorption and damage to the collection box structure caused by bolt heads in existing collection boxes.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box for collecting the bolt heads after the explosive bolts separate between spacecraft stages. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box includes a base, a box body, and a top cover. The base, the box body, and the top cover are sequentially fixedly connected or integrally formed. The base is fixedly connected to the interstage separation surface of the spacecraft. The box body is sleeved on the outside of the bolt head of the explosive bolt, and the top cover is positioned facing the direction of the bolt head explosion. The box body is a tubular structure, and the side wall of the box body is provided with a plurality of through holes that allow the side wall to undergo plastic deformation. The through holes are distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the box body.

[0007] With this design, through-holes that allow for plastic deformation are incorporated into the collection box, enabling it to absorb the impact force of the bolt heads when the explosive bolts separate between spacecraft stages. Furthermore, the collection box maintains its original basic structure through plastic deformation, effectively limiting the range of motion of the bolt heads and protecting the stability of other spacecraft structures and the operating environment. More importantly, the through-hole design ensures that the collection box has sufficient plastic deformation capacity while achieving an overall lightweight design.

[0008] Preferably, the through hole is elongated, and the length direction of the through hole is parallel to the circumferential direction of the side wall of the box.

[0009] With this design, the elongated through-hole is arranged parallel to the circumference of the side wall of the box, limiting the plastic deformation of the box along its axis, and the direction of deformation is the same as the direction of movement of the bolt head, thus achieving effective buffering and collection of the bolt head.

[0010] Preferably, the edge of the through hole is provided with a smooth transition section, which can uniformly disperse the internal stress when the through hole deforms.

[0011] With this design, the smooth transition section makes the force on the collection box more even during the impact process, avoiding stress concentration that could damage the collection box structure. At the same time, it can ensure that the plastic deformation process proceeds smoothly, effectively collecting the bolt heads while ensuring the overall structural integrity of the collection box after plastic deformation.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the top cover is greater than or equal to the thickness of the side wall of the box.

[0013] With this setup, the bolt head directly impacts the top cover after the explosion. The thickness of the top cover is greater than or equal to the thickness of the side wall of the box, which ensures the structural integrity of the top cover after being impacted by the bolt head. It also effectively transmits the impact force of the bolt head to the side wall of the box, thereby ensuring the integrity of the entire collection box structure and achieving reliable collection of the bolt head.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the top cover is provided with a sloped structure, which is used to change the direction of movement of the bolt head when the bolt head is impacted.

[0015] With this design, the inclined structure can effectively change the direction of bolt head rebound, causing the bolt head to deviate from the axis of the original explosive bolt, thus preventing the bolt head from causing secondary damage to the sensitive interstage separation surface.

[0016] Preferably, the inclined structure is a continuous conical surface extending from the center of the inner wall of the top cover to the edge.

[0017] With this configuration, the continuous conical surface ensures that the bolt head deflects stably when it hits the top cover, thereby changing the direction of the bolt head's rebound after colliding with the top cover.

[0018] Preferably, the collection box further includes a buffer layer, which is connected to the bottom of the top cover and cooperates with the inclined structure.

[0019] With this design, a buffer layer is placed on the side of the top cover near the bolt head. The impact force of the bolt head is first transmitted to the top cover through the buffer layer, preventing the bolt head from directly colliding with the top cover and causing damage to the overall structure of the collection box. This ensures the structural integrity of the collection box and thus guarantees the stable collection of the bolt head.

[0020] Preferably, the buffer layer is a metal honeycomb structure and / or a rubber structure.

[0021] With this design, the metal honeycomb structure can improve the overall structural strength while buffering the impact force of the bolt head; the rubber structure has good buffering toughness, is easy to process and install, and can also reduce the vibration effect after impact.

[0022] Preferably, the base has mounting holes, and the collection box is connected to the interstage separation surface of the spacecraft by a flange, with the flange passing through the mounting holes.

[0023] With this setup, the base is connected to the spacecraft via a flange, ensuring that the collection box is stable outside the bolt head of the explosive bolt. Under the impact of the bolt head, the collection box remains reliably connected to the interstage separation surface of the spacecraft, ensuring the collection box's restraint and collection effect on the bolt head.

[0024] Preferably, the collection box is made of martensitic stainless steel.

[0025] By using martensitic stainless steel in this way, the requirements for overall structural strength and ductility can be met. The collection box can produce stable plastic deformation when it is impacted by bolt heads, ensuring reliable collection of bolt heads. On the other hand, the use of martensitic stainless steel makes it easier to process and shape the collection box, reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the collection box provided by the present invention installed on a spacecraft; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collection box provided according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the collection box after deformation according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure label: 1. Base; 1a. Mounting holes; 2. Box body; 2a. Through hole; 3. Top cover; 31. Sloping structure; 100. Collection box; 200. Interstage separation surface; 300. Explosion bolt; 301. Bolt head; 400. Flange. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0029] The accompanying drawings illustrate layer structure diagrams according to embodiments of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0030] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Based on the problems of limited energy absorption and damage to the structure of existing collection boxes caused by bolt heads, as pointed out in the background art, the present invention provides a plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box, which aims to solve the problems of difficulty in collecting bolt heads during explosion and the complex structure of the collection box which is not conducive to stable collection of bolt heads.

[0032] See Figures 1 to 3The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box provided by this invention includes a base 1, a box body 2, and a top cover 3. The base 1, box body 2, and top cover 3 are sequentially fixedly connected or integrally formed. The base 1 is fixedly connected to the interstage separation surface 200 of the spacecraft. The base 1 serves as the connection carrier between the collection box 100 and the interstage separation surface 200 of the spacecraft, realizing the fixed installation of the collection box 100 on the spacecraft and providing a positioning foundation for the entire collection box 100, so that the collection box 100 is positioned as a whole on the outside of the explosive bolt 300. The box body 2 is sleeved on the bolt of the explosive bolt 300. Outside the bolt head 301, the top cover 3 is positioned directly opposite the direction of the bolt head 301 explosion. The box body 2 is a tubular structure. Multiple through holes 2a are provided on the side wall of the box body 2, which can cause the side wall to undergo plastic deformation. The through holes 2a are staggered around the side wall of the box body 2. The box body 2 forms a cavity to accommodate the bolt head 301 after the explosion. At the same time, the through hole 2a structure of the side wall provides structural conditions for its own plastic deformation. The top cover 3 blocks the bolt head 301 that moves at high speed after the explosion, restricts its initial range of motion, and prevents the bolt head 301 from directly detaching from the constraint of the collection box 100. After the explosive bolt 300 separates, the bolt head 301 impacts the top cover 3 at high speed along the explosion direction. The top cover 3 transmits the impact force to the box body 2. Since the side wall of the box body 2 has through holes 2a distributed circumferentially, the structural strength of its side wall is reasonably weakened. Under the action of the impact force, it undergoes plastic deformation, thereby absorbing the impact energy of the bolt head 301. At the same time, the tubular structure of the box body 2 continuously restricts the movement range of the bolt head 301, realizing the collection of the bolt head 301.

[0033] It should be noted that the specific shape of the through hole 2a is not limited here; it can be circular, rhomboid, or a rectangular strip. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, the through-hole 2a is elongated, and its length direction is parallel to the circumferential direction of the side wall of the box 2. Taking the vertical direction of the collection box 100 as an example, multiple horizontally arranged elongated through-holes 2a are provided on the same horizontal circumference of the box 2, and the through-holes 2a are staggered along the height direction. When the box 2 is subjected to axial impact force and undergoes plastic deformation, the height direction of the through-hole 2a is consistent with the stress transmission direction of the circumferential direction of the box 2, guiding the side wall of the box 2 to undergo more uniform tensile plastic deformation along the axial direction, avoiding local irregular deformation, and the deformation direction is the same as the movement direction of the bolt head 301, thereby achieving effective buffering and collection of the bolt head 301.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the edge of the through hole 2a is provided with a smooth transition section. The transition section can evenly distribute the internal stress when the through hole 2a deforms. That is, the two ends of the elongated through hole 2a are designed as arc segments along the length direction. When the collection box 100 undergoes large plastic deformation, the smooth transition section can avoid the problem of stress concentration. This allows the stress to be smoothly and continuously redistributed when it is transferred from the solid material around the through hole 2a to the free boundary of the hole. Furthermore, the through hole 2a can deform synchronously with the collection box 100 while maintaining structural integrity, thereby ensuring the overall structural integrity of the collection box 100 during the deformation process.

[0035] In the preferred embodiment, the thickness of the top cover 3 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the side wall of the box body 2. By increasing the thickness of the top cover 3, the impact resistance of the top cover 3 is improved, ensuring the structural integrity of the top cover 3 after being impacted by the bolt head 301. Furthermore, the thickened design of the top cover 3 allows it to stably transmit the impact force to the side wall of the box body 2. Through the through hole 2a on the side wall of the box body 2, the box body 2 undergoes plastic deformation, thereby effectively absorbing the impact force of the bolt head 301 and completing the collection of the bolt head 301.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the top cover 3 is provided with a sloped structure 31. The sloped structure 31 is used to change the direction of movement of the bolt head 301 when it impacts. When the explosive bolt 300 completes its explosion, when the bolt head 301 impacts the top cover 3, the bolt head 301 first collides with the sloped structure 31. The inclined shape of the sloped structure 31 decomposes the impact force, forcing the bolt head 301 to change its rebound path and deflect into the cavity of the box 2, preventing the bolt head 301 from rebounding in the original direction, reducing repeated impacts on the top cover 3, the box 2 and the connection between the top cover 3 and the top cover 3, and improving structural stability.

[0037] It should be noted that the specific shape and arrangement of the inclined structure 31 are not limited here. It can be one or more discrete inclined surfaces located at the expected impact area of ​​the bolt head 301. After the bolt head 301 collides with the inclined surface, it changes its rebound path. In a preferred embodiment, the inclined structure 31 is a continuous conical surface extending from the center of the inner wall of the top cover 3 to the edge. Specifically, taking a horizontal top cover 3 as an example, the continuous conical surface can extend downwards along the center of the top cover 3 to the inner wall of the box 2 near the top cover 3, in which case the thickness at the center of the top cover 3 is less than the thickness of its periphery; or it can extend upwards along the center of the top cover 3 to the inner wall of the box 2 near the top cover 3, in which case the thickness at the center of the top cover 3 is greater than the thickness of its periphery. Furthermore, the continuous conical surface can be a transitional connection between the inner wall of the complete circumference of the top cover 3 and the inner wall of the incomplete circumference. That is, the continuous conical surface can be a complete cone-like structure formed by the inner wall of the box body 2 and the top cover 3, in which case the horizontal cross section of the continuous conical surface is a complete circle. Alternatively, it can be a continuous conical surface of an incomplete circumference connected to the top cover 3 on the inner wall of the box body 2, in which case the horizontal cross section of the continuous conical surface is an incomplete circle.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the collection box 100 further includes a buffer layer, which is connected to the bottom of the top cover 3 and cooperates with the inclined structure 31, for example by adhesive bonding or snap-fitting. That is, an additional or separate buffer layer is added between the inner side of the top cover 3 and the head of the explosive bolt 300. The buffer layer material can be one or more of the following: a plastically deformable metal honeycomb structure or an elastically deformable rubber structure. When multiple materials are used for the buffer layer, they can be evenly distributed along the circumference of the top cover 3 or stacked along the axial direction of the collection box 100. By setting the buffer layer, the collision time can be extended, effectively buffering the impact force of the bolt head 301 during the explosion, averaging the impact force of the bolt head 301 on the contact area, reducing the local impact force of the buffer layer, and ensuring that the top cover 3 is not damaged. This provides a double layer of obstruction for the stroke of the explosive bolt head 300, while also strengthening the overall structure.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the base 1 has a mounting hole 1a. The collection box 100 is connected to the interstage separation surface 200 of the spacecraft by a flange 400. The flange 400 passes through the mounting hole 1a, thereby reliably fixing the collection box 100 to the interstage separation surface 200 and ensuring installation stability. That is, the flange 400 passes through the mounting hole 1a of the base 1, and the collection box 100 is stably fixed to the spacecraft through the connection structure between the flange 400 and the interstage separation surface 200, such as connecting bolts. Under the impact of the bolt head 301, the collection box 100 is always reliably connected to the interstage separation surface 200 of the spacecraft, ensuring the restriction and collection effect of the bolt head 301 by the collection box 100.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the material of the collection box 100 is martensitic stainless steel. Specifically, the material of the collection box 100 can be 1Cr17Ni2A. 1Cr17Ni2A has both high structural strength and plastic ductility, which can support the structure of the collection box 100 and meet the plastic deformation requirements of the box body 2. At the same time, it has good corrosion resistance in the space environment and is suitable for spacecraft use scenarios. In addition, 1Cr17Ni2A has good processing performance and can be manufactured into various parts through stamping, welding and other processes to meet production needs.

[0041] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box, used to collect the bolt heads (301) after the explosive bolts (300) are separated between spacecraft stages, characterized in that, The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box (100) includes a base (1), a box body (2) and a top cover (3). The base (1), the box body (2) and the top cover (3) are fixedly connected in sequence or integrally formed. The base (1) is fixedly connected to the interstage separation surface (200) of the spacecraft. The box body (2) is sleeved on the outside of the bolt head (301) of the explosive bolt (300). The top cover (3) is set facing the explosion direction of the bolt head (301). The box (2) is a tubular structure. The side wall of the box (2) is provided with a plurality of through holes (2a) that can cause the side wall to undergo plastic deformation. The through holes (2a) are distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the box (2).

2. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole (2a) is elongated, and the length direction of the through hole (2a) is parallel to the circumferential direction of the side wall of the box (2).

3. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edge of the through hole (2a) is provided with a smooth transition section, which can uniformly disperse the internal stress when the through hole (2a) deforms.

4. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the top cover (3) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the side wall of the box body (2).

5. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the top cover (3) is provided with a slope structure (31), which is used to change the direction of movement of the bolt head (301) when the bolt head (301) is struck.

6. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclined structure (31) is a continuous conical surface extending from the center of the inner wall of the top cover (3) to the edge.

7. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The collection box (100) also includes a buffer layer, which is connected to the bottom of the top cover (3) and engages with the inclined structure (31).

8. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 7, characterized in that, The buffer layer is a metal honeycomb structure and / or a rubber structure.

9. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) has a mounting hole (1a), and the collection box (100) is connected to the interstage separation surface (200) of the spacecraft by a flange (400), which passes through the mounting hole (1a).

10. The plastic deformation energy-absorbing explosive bolt collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection box (100) is made of martensitic stainless steel.

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