Method for inducing salt-tropism to construct spatially hierarchical composite particles and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a method for constructing a space-layered composite particle by salt-tropism induction and application thereof, and comprises the following steps: inoculating functional bacteria into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system, so that the functional bacteria and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge form a mixed system; the functional bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria with salt-tolerant characteristics Bacillus pumilus NJUST51 strain; the mixed system is operated under anaerobic conditions, and salt is gradually added into influent, so that the salinity is increased to 0.5% to 1.0%; under the action of salt selection pressure, the functional bacteria are enriched on the surface of the granules to form a space-layered structure, so that a composite granule system is constructed. The application realizes stable construction by salt-tropism induction, improves the salt resistance and toxicant resistance stability of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system, and expands the application range of the system in treatment of high-salinity and organic-toxicity industrial wastewater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater resource utilization and nitrogen cycle control technology, specifically to an anammox denitrification system and its construction method that utilizes salt tropism to construct a composite microbial particle system, thereby improving the performance and engineering stability of anammox denitrification under high salt and organic toxicity conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and dyes, the discharge of high-nitrogen wastewater continues to increase. A large amount of this wastewater is characterized by high salinity, high ammonia nitrogen and the coexistence of complex organic pollutants.

[0003] Traditional biological nitrogen removal processes mainly rely on the nitrification-denitrification pathway, which not only requires sufficient aeration and consumes a lot of energy, but also the activity of microorganisms is easily inhibited under conditions of high salt or toxic organic matter, resulting in a significant decrease in nitrogen removal efficiency.

[0004] In recent years, the Anammox process has been considered an important technological direction in the field of high-nitrogen wastewater treatment due to its advantages such as no need for external organic carbon sources, low theoretical oxygen demand, low sludge production, and low operating costs.

[0005] However, Anammox bacteria are obligate autotrophs with long generation cycles and are sensitive to environmental changes. Their engineering applications still face the problem of insufficient stability. Especially under salt stress or organic toxicity shock conditions, they often exhibit phenomena such as decreased ammonia nitrogen removal rate, reduced nitrite nitrogen utilization efficiency, and abnormal nitrate formation ratio, which cause the denitrification stoichiometric relationship of the system to deviate from the theoretical value. In severe cases, even particle structure disintegration and loss of activity may occur.

[0006] In the treatment of high-salinity wastewater, increased salinity can cause osmotic pressure imbalance in cells, affecting the activity of intracellular enzyme systems and electron transfer efficiency in Anammox bacteria, thereby weakening their ability to reduce nitrite. At the same time, some industrial wastewater contains recalcitrant organic pollutants such as nitrobenzene, which can act as competitive electron acceptors or directly inhibit the activity of key metabolic enzymes, thereby interfering with hydrazine synthesis and oxidation processes and weakening the Anammox-dominated denitrification pathway (the inventors of this study have previously reported it in Bioresource Technology 444 (2026) 133922).

[0007] Existing research largely focuses on improving salt tolerance by extending the acclimatization period or optimizing operating parameters, but technical solutions for enhancing the system's shock resistance at the structural level remain relatively limited. In particular, regarding the synergistic construction of composite microorganisms, there is a lack of effective methods to utilize environmental selection pressure to induce spatial reconfiguration of functional microbial communities and form stable composite particle structures.

[0008] Therefore, how to improve the stability and shock resistance of the system under salinity and organic toxicity conditions through microbial synergy and structural optimization while maintaining the Anammox-dominated denitrification pathway has become a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of high-salt and high-nitrogen wastewater treatment.

[0009] Developing an anaerobic ammonia oxidation system that can construct composite particle structures through salt tropism, enhance the synergistic effect of functional microbial communities, and stabilize electron flow distribution is of great significance for expanding the engineering application of Anammox technology in complex industrial wastewater. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems and shortcomings in the field, this invention provides a method for constructing spatially layered composite particles using salt tropism induction and its application.

[0011] This invention introduces functional bacteria into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system and applies salt-selective pressure under salinity conditions of 0.5%–1.0%, causing the functional bacteria to accumulate on the granular surface and form a spatially layered composite structure, thus constructing a composite granular system. The constructed composite granules maintain a high total nitrogen removal rate even under 1.0% salinity and nitroaromatic organic matter shock conditions, and ΔNO2... - / ΔNH4 + With ΔNO3 - / ΔNH4 + The deviation in the measurement relationship was significantly reduced.

[0012] This invention achieves structural stability through salt tropism induction, improving the salt resistance and antitoxic stability of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system and expanding its application scope in the treatment of high-salt and organically toxic industrial wastewater.

[0013] The specific technical solution is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction, comprising: Functional bacteria were inoculated into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system to form a mixed system with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge; the functional bacteria were heterotrophic bacteria with salt tolerance. Bacillus pumilus NJUST51 strain; The mixed system was operated under anaerobic conditions, and salt was gradually added to the influent to raise the salinity to 0.5%~1.0%. Under the influence of salt selection pressure, functional bacteria accumulate on the particle surface to form a spatially layered structure, thereby constructing a composite particle system.

[0014] The invention described Bacillus pumilusThe NJUST51 strain is prior art; see the patent specification with publication number CN114703090A. This strain is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection, with accession number CCTCCNO: M2022199.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the method for constructing spatially stratified composite particles by salt tropism induction is performed in a stable anammox granular sludge system before inoculation with functional bacteria, at which point the volatile suspended solids concentration of the anammox granular sludge is 6.18~8.36 g / L. -1 ; The concentration of volatile suspended solids in the mixed system after inoculation with functional bacteria was 12.8–15.6 g / L. -1 .

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the functional bacteria are added in the form of a bacterial suspension in the method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction. More preferably, the bacterial suspension has an OD600 of 2.07 ± 0.34.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments, the method for constructing spatially stratified composite particles using salt tropism induction involves anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge with a volatile suspended solids concentration of 12.8–15.6 g / L. -1 .

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the operating conditions of the mixed system in the method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism in addition to: protection from light, constant temperature of 35±1℃, influent pH of 7.2~7.4, and influent ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen mass concentration ratio of (0.87~1.13):1, more preferably 1:1.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments, the method for constructing spatially stratified composite particles using salt tropism in the water uses influent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentrations selected from 100 ± 7.96 mg·L⁻¹. -1 .

[0020] In some preferred embodiments, the method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism in the influent further includes the addition of inorganic salts, trace element solution I, and trace element solution II to meet the needs of microbial growth.

[0021] Furthermore, the addition of inorganic salts resulted in the following final concentration composition of the influent: NaHCO3 0.84 g / L -1 NaH2PO4 0.01 g L -1 MgSO4·7H2O 0.0568 g L -1 CaCl2 0.0735 g L -1 .

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the addition ratio of trace element solution I in the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 ; Trace element solution I comprises the following components: EDTA 5.00 g / L -1 FeSO4 9.14 g L -1 ; The solvent for trace element solution I is distilled water.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, the addition ratio of trace element solution II in the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 ; Trace element solution II comprises the following components: EDTA 15.0 g / L -1 ZnSO4·7H2O 0.430 g L -1 CoCl2·6H2O 0.240 g L -1 MnCl2·4H2O 0.990 g L -1 CuSO4·5H2O 0.250 g L -1 NaMoO4·2H2O 0.220 g L -1 NiCl2·6H2O 0.210 g L -1 H3BO4 0.014 g L -1 ; The solvent for Trace Element Solution II is distilled water.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, the method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism inducement involves adding NaCl salt to the influent, and increasing the salinity in stages, with each increase being 0.1% to 0.5%.

[0025] This invention provides an exemplary method for determining the completion of a composite particle system construction: after stabilization under 0.5% salinity conditions, if the total nitrogen removal rate of the mixed system is more than 3% higher than that of the control system without functional bacteria, and ΔNO2... - / ΔNH4 + If the stoichiometric ratio deviates from the theoretical value by less than 15%, the composite particle system is considered to have been successfully constructed.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a composite particle system constructed by the salt tropism-induced method for constructing spatially layered composite particles as described in the first aspect.

[0027] Thirdly, the present invention provides the method for constructing spatially stratified composite particles using salt tropism-induced degradation as described in the first aspect, or the composite particle system described in the second aspect, for wastewater denitrification. Further, the wastewater contains ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen.

[0028] The method for constructing spatially layered composite particles using salt tropism-induced degradation as described in the first aspect, and the composite particle system described in the second aspect, exhibit excellent salt resistance when used for wastewater denitrification.

[0029] In the third aspect of the application, the wastewater may be saline wastewater, wherein the salinity may be 0.5% to 1.0%.

[0030] Under a salinity of 1%, the total nitrogen removal rate of the composite particle system is more than 10% higher than that of the uninoculated functional bacteria system.

[0031] The third aspect of the application states that the wastewater may contain nitro aromatic organic compounds and carbon sources.

[0032] Furthermore, the concentration of nitroaromatic organic compounds in the wastewater does not exceed 10 mg / L. -1 .

[0033] The nitro aromatic organic compound may include nitrobenzene.

[0034] Fourthly, the present invention provides a method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of an anammox granular sludge system, comprising: inoculating the anammox granular sludge system with functional bacteria, thereby forming a mixed system between the functional bacteria and the anammox granular sludge; wherein the functional bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria with salt tolerance characteristics. Bacillus pumilus NJUST51 strain; The mixed system is operated under anaerobic conditions to remove nitrogen.

[0035] The method for improving the denitrification and salt resistance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system described in the fourth aspect can be further selected and optimized by referring to the method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction described in the first aspect.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anammox granular sludge system involves the anammox granular sludge system operating stably before inoculation with functional bacteria, at which point the volatile suspended solids concentration of the anammox granular sludge is 6.18~8.36 g / L. -1 ; The concentration of volatile suspended solids in the mixed system after inoculation with functional bacteria was 12.8–15.6 g / L. -1 .

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system involves adding the functional bacteria in the form of a bacterial solution. More preferably, the bacterial solution has an OD600 of 2.07 ± 0.34.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anammox granular sludge system is wherein the volatile suspended solids concentration of the anammox granular sludge is 12.8~15.6 g / L. -1 .

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system further includes the following operating conditions for the mixed system: light avoidance, constant temperature of 35±1℃, influent pH of 7.2~7.4, and influent ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen mass concentration ratio of (0.87~1.13):1, more preferably 1:1.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, the method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system uses influent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentrations selected from 100 ± 7.96 mg·L⁻¹. -1 .

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system involves adding inorganic salts, trace element solution I, and trace element solution II to the influent to meet the needs of microbial growth.

[0042] Furthermore, the addition of inorganic salts resulted in the following final concentration composition of the influent: NaHCO3 0.84 g / L -1 NaH2PO4 0.01 g L -1 MgSO4·7H2O 0.0568 g L -1 CaCl2 0.0735 g L -1 .

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the addition ratio of trace element solution I in the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 ; Trace element solution I comprises the following components: EDTA 5.00 g / L -1 FeSO4 9.14 g L -1 ; The solvent for trace element solution I is distilled water.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the addition ratio of trace element solution II in the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 ; Trace element solution II comprises the following components: EDTA 15.0 g / L -1 ZnSO4·7H2O 0.430 g L -1 CoCl2·6H2O 0.240 g L -1 MnCl2·4H2O 0.990 g L -1CuSO4·5H2O 0.250 g L -1 NaMoO4·2H2O 0.220 g L -1 NiCl2·6H2O 0.210 g L -1 H3BO4 0.014 g L -1 ; The solvent for Trace Element Solution II is distilled water.

[0045] The method described in the fourth aspect for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anammox granular sludge system can enable the anammox granular sludge system to tolerate salinity of 1.0% or higher.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention induces the formation of composite particles through salt tropism screening, which can significantly improve the denitrification stability of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system under high salt and organic toxicity conditions. It increases the total nitrogen removal rate by more than 10% under 1% salinity conditions and by more than 15% under organic shock conditions, while maintaining a relatively stable Anammox stoichiometric relationship. This enhances the system's shock resistance and expands its application range in the treatment of high-salt industrial wastewater. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 The diagram shows the denitrification performance of the anammox granular sludge (reactor R1) and the composite granular system (reactor R2) under different conditions in the specific implementation.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the distribution of horizontal microbial communities in the inner and outer layers of the reactor R2 composite particles in a specific implementation embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the salinity percentages in this invention refer to mass fractions.

[0051] Two upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, denoted as reactor R1 and reactor R2, were used, each with an effective volume of 2.5 L. Both reactors were inoculated with 1 L of mature anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge from the same source, with a volatile suspended solids (VSS) concentration of 12.8–15.6 g / L. -1The reactor operated under anaerobic, light-protected conditions at 35±1℃, with the influent pH controlled at 7.2–7.4 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 h. The influent was simulated wastewater, with ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen supplied by (NH4)2SO4 and NaNO2, respectively, both at a nitrogen concentration of 100 mg·L⁻¹. -1 The mass concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen was 1:1; inorganic salts and trace element solutions I and II were added simultaneously to meet the needs of microbial growth. The addition of inorganic salts resulted in the following final concentration composition of the influent: NaHCO3 0.84 g / L -1 NaH2PO4 0.01 g L -1 MgSO4·7H2O 0.0568 g / L -1 CaCl2 0.0735 g L -1 The addition ratio of trace element solution I to the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 Trace element solution I comprises the following components: EDTA 5.00 g / L -1 FeSO4 9.14 g L -1 The solvent for trace element solution I is distilled water. The addition ratio of trace element solution II to the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 Trace element solution II comprises the following components: EDTA 15.0 g L -1 ZnSO4·7H2O 0.430 g L -1 CoCl2·6H2O 0.240 g L -1 MnCl2·4H2O 0.990 g L -1 CuSO4·5H2O 0.250 g L -1 NaMoO4·2H2O 0.220 g L -1 NiCl2·6H2O 0.210 g L -1 H3BO4 0.014 g L -1 The solvent for Trace Element Solution II is distilled water.

[0052] When the nitrite nitrogen concentration deviation in the effluent from the two reactors is less than 10% for three consecutive days, and ΔNO2 - / ΔNH4 + When the volatile suspended solids concentration (VPS) stabilizes between 1.20 and 1.35, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system is considered to have started up successfully. At this point, the VPS concentration of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is 6.18–8.36 g / L. -1 .

[0053] After startup, add nitrobenzene-degrading, salt-tolerant functional bacteria to reactor R2. Bacillus pumilus The concentration of volatile suspended solids in the NJUST51 bacterial suspension (OD600 = 2.07 ± 0.34) after inoculation with functional bacteria was 12.8–15.6 g / L. -1 Reactor R1 was used as a control without bacterial culture. NaCl was then gradually added to the influent of both reactors to raise the salinity to 0.5%, while maintaining other operating parameters constant. The system was continuously operated at 0.5% salinity until it stabilized. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The results showed that the average total nitrogen removal rate of reactor R2 was 75.6%, significantly higher than that of reactor R1 (71.2%); the ΔNO2 removal rate of reactor R2 was... - / ΔNH4 + The value is 1.18, which is closer to the theoretical Anammox stoichiometric ratio, while the value for reactor R1 is 1.15; meanwhile, the ΔNO3 of reactor R2 is... - / ΔNH4 + The concentration was maintained at 0.20, lower than reactor R1. Under 0.5% salinity conditions, the total nitrogen removal rate of the composite system was more than 3% higher than the control system, and ΔNO2... - / ΔNH4 + When the deviation from the theoretical value is less than 15%, and the particles in reactor R1 gradually change from blood red to black, while the color of R2 remains basically unchanged, it is determined that the salt-oriented composite particle system has been successfully constructed. These results indicate that under salt selection pressure, Bacillus pumilus The NJUST51 strain accumulates on the particle surface and forms a spatially layered structure (see [link]). Figure 2 This demonstrates the successful construction of a composite particle system. Furthermore, it shows that… Bacillus pumilus The addition of NJUST51 strain improved the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system.

[0054] Based on the completed construction of the composite particle system, the influent salinity was further increased to 1.0%. After stable operation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The average total nitrogen removal rate of reactor R1 decreased to 56.8%, ΔNO2 - / ΔNH4 + The nitrogen removal rate decreased to 0.96; while reactor R2 maintained a total nitrogen removal rate of 69.8%, an increase of approximately 13 percentage points compared to reactor R1, ΔNO2 - / ΔNH4 + Maintained at 1.08, ΔNO3 - / ΔNH4 + The value was 0.18. The results indicate that the salt-oriented composite particles significantly enhance the stability and nitrogen removal efficiency of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system under 1% salinity conditions. Bacillus pumilusThe addition of NJUST51 strain improved the denitrification and salt tolerance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system.

[0055] Under salinity conditions of 1.0%, a final concentration of 10 mg·L⁻¹ was added to the influent of both reactors. -1 Nitrobenzene was used as an organic shock agent, and 140 mg·L⁻¹ was added to the influent of reactor R2. -1 Glucose serves as a cometabolite carbon source. After stable operation, see [link to documentation]. Figure 1 The total nitrogen removal rate of reactor R1 decreased to 38.5%, and ΔNO2 - / ΔNH4 + The deviation reached 0.71; the total nitrogen removal rate of reactor R2 remained at 54.7%, an increase of approximately 16 percentage points compared to reactor R1, ΔNO2 - / ΔNH4 + The value was 0.92. These results indicate that the composite particle system constructed in this invention can maintain high denitrification performance under high salt and nitro-aromatic organic shock conditions, exhibiting good salt and toxicity resistance.

[0056] In summary, this invention provides an anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification method based on salt tropism to construct composite particles, which can improve the stability and shock resistance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process under high salt and organic toxicity conditions, and is suitable for the biological treatment of high-salt nitrogen-containing wastewater.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the above description of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing spatially layered composite particles using salt tropism induction, characterized in that, include: Functional bacteria were inoculated into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system to form a mixed system with the functional bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge. The functional bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria with salt tolerance. Bacillus pumilus NJUST51 strain; The mixed system was operated under anaerobic conditions, and salt was gradually added to the influent to raise the salinity to 0.5%~1.0%. Under the influence of salt selection pressure, functional bacteria accumulate on the particle surface to form a spatially layered structure, thereby constructing a composite particle system.

2. The method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before inoculation with functional bacteria, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system was operating stably, at which point the concentration of volatile suspended solids in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge was 6.18–8.36 g / L. -1 ; The functional bacteria were added in the form of bacterial solution, with an OD600 of 2.07 ± 0.

34. The concentration of volatile suspended solids in the mixed system after inoculation with functional bacteria was 12.8–15.6 g / L. -1 .

3. The method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating conditions of the mixing system also include: protection from light, constant temperature of 35±1℃, influent pH of 7.2~7.4, and influent ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen mass concentration ratio of (0.87~1.13):1, further being 1:1; The mass concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the influent were selected from 100 ± 7.96 mg·L⁻¹. -1 ; Inorganic salts, trace element solution I, and trace element solution II are also added to the influent to meet the needs of microbial growth; The addition of inorganic salts resulted in the following final concentration composition of the influent: NaHCO3 0.84 g / L -1 0.01 gL NaH2PO4 -1 MgSO4·7H2O 0.0568 g L -1 CaCl2 0.0735 g L -1 ; The addition ratio of trace element solution I to the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 ; Trace element solution I comprises the following components: EDTA 5.00 g / L -1 FeSO4 9.14 g L -1 ; The solvent for trace element solution I is distilled water; The addition ratio of trace element solution II to the influent is 1 mL / L. -1 ; Trace element solution II comprises the following components: EDTA 15.0 g / L -1 ZnSO4·7H2O 0.430 g L -1 CoCl2·6H2O 0.240 g L -1 MnCl2·4H2O 0.990 g L -1 CuSO4·5H2O 0.250 g L -1 NaMoO4·2H2O 0.220 g L -1 NiCl2·6H2O 0.210 g L -1 H3BO4 0.014 g L -1 ; The solvent for Trace Element Solution II is distilled water.

4. The method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The salt added to the influent is NaCl, and the salinity is increased in stages, with each increase being 0.1% to 0.5%.

5. The composite particle system constructed by the salt tropism-induced method for constructing spatially layered composite particles according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The method for constructing spatially layered composite particles by salt tropism induction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the composite particle system according to claim 5, for the application of wastewater denitrification.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wastewater is saline wastewater with a salinity of 0.5% to 1.0%.

8. The application according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The wastewater contains nitro aromatic organic compounds and carbon sources.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The concentration of nitroaromatic organic compounds in the wastewater does not exceed 10 mg / L. -1 ; The nitro aromatic organic compounds include nitrobenzene.

10. A method for improving the denitrification and salt tolerance of an anammox granular sludge system, characterized in that, include: Functional bacteria were inoculated into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge system to form a mixed system with the functional bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge. The functional bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria with salt tolerance. Bacillus pumilus NJUST51 strain; The mixed system is operated under anaerobic conditions to remove nitrogen.

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