Elastic gasket and preparation method, and composite silica gel force pad and preparation method

Abstract

The application provides an elastic gasket and a preparation method and a composite silica gel force bearing pad and a preparation method, and relates to the technical field of silicone rubber. The preparation method provided by the application comprises the following steps: arranging a mold core with a fiber braided tube on the surface in a radial direction to obtain a fiber composite array; and compounding the fiber composite array with a silicone rubber material, and performing mold pressing vulcanization, and then removing the mold core to obtain an elastic gasket. When the elastic gasket prepared by the application bears a compression load, the fiber braided tube resists the radial deformation of the elastic gasket, so that the compression strength and the rigidity of the gasket are effectively improved, and the high modulus of the fiber braided tube can promote the rapid rebound of the gasket, and can optimize the energy absorption and release of the elastic gasket in the compression process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silicone rubber technology, and more particularly to an elastic gasket and its preparation method, and a composite silicone load-bearing pad and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Many complex sets of equipment have core functional components that are assembled by layering multiple shell or tubular structures. However, due to differences in the thermal expansion coefficients of the various structural materials, as well as due to poor machining and changes in the operating environment, the gap dimensions between the structures are constantly changing, resulting in vibration and noise, which affects the working quality and service life of the equipment.

[0003] During equipment installation, damping elements are usually installed at the gaps between various structures to provide support and shock absorption, fill gaps, compensate for machining defects, and adjust for gap changes. This ensures that each layer of the structure is in a "tightly" state (integrated positioning, preventing rotation) without the "overload" damage of the strong structure crushing the weak structure, thereby improving the overall reliability, safety, and service life of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, the reliability of the damping element itself is particularly important. Silicone rubber has been widely used in the field of precision equipment due to its advantages such as high and low temperature elasticity, excellent radiation resistance, aging resistance, excellent compatibility, good resilience, and strong damping performance. However, silicone rubber molecules have low polarity and weak intermolecular forces, and its physical and mechanical properties (modulus and strength) at room temperature are much lower than those of other rubber materials, making it a typical low-modulus, low-strength rubber.

[0005] Currently, to improve the modulus and strength of silicone rubber materials, the main approach is to partially replace the flexible, low-cohesive-energy -Si-O-Si- links with phenylene or phenylene ethers to develop phenylene or phenylene ether silicone rubber. However, while this method improves the modulus and strength of silicone rubber, it significantly reduces resilience and temperature resistance (-60~300℃). Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a solution to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an elastic pad and its preparation method, as well as a composite silicone bearing pad and its preparation method.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket, comprising: radially arranging a core with a fiber braided tube on its surface to obtain a fiber composite array; combining the fiber composite array with a silicone rubber material and molding and vulcanizing, and then removing the core to obtain an elastic gasket.

[0008] This invention utilizes a mandrel to temporarily support and arrange fiber braided tubes, thereby obtaining an ordered fiber composite array. After being compounded with silicone rubber and molded and vulcanized, the silicone rubber material is encouraged to enter and solidify within the fiber composite array. The cavity within the fiber braided tube is retained after the mandrel is removed. When subjected to compressive loads, the elastic gasket prepared by this invention exhibits resistance to radial deformation of the elastic gasket by the fiber braided tube, effectively improving the gasket's compressive strength and stiffness. Simultaneously, the high modulus of the fiber braided tube promotes rapid rebound of the gasket, optimizing energy absorption and release during compression.

[0009] Optionally, the diameter of the fiber braided tube is 0.5mm-2mm.

[0010] Optionally, the gap between adjacent fiber braided tubes in the fiber composite array is 0mm-1mm.

[0011] Optionally, when performing radial arrangement, it includes arranging the mandrel with the fiber braided tube on its surface along a first direction and a second direction that are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] Optionally, the number of fiber braided tubes in the fiber composite array in the first direction and the second direction is 1 to 50, and the fiber composite array has at least two fiber braided tubes.

[0013] Optionally, the fiber composite array includes a rectangular array.

[0014] Alternatively, fibers can be wound and woven around the surface of the mold core to form a mold core with a fiber braided tube covering the surface.

[0015] Alternatively, fibers can be orthogonally woven onto the surface of the mold core.

[0016] Optionally, the fiber includes one of polyimide extra-long fiber and aramid extra-long fiber.

[0017] Optionally, the braiding density of the fiber braided tube is 70%-90%.

[0018] Optionally, the number of braided layers in the radial direction of the fiber braided tube is 1 to 3.

[0019] Optionally, the thickness of the fiber braided tube array after the core is removed is 80%-99% of the thickness of the elastic gasket.

[0020] Optionally, when the fiber composite array is combined with silicone rubber and then molded and vulcanized, the process includes: pre-curing the silicone rubber material to obtain a silicone rubber gasket, and then stacking the fiber composite array and the silicone rubber gasket and then molding and vulcanizing them.

[0021] Optionally, when the fiber composite array is compounded with silicone rubber and then molded and vulcanized, the fiber composite array is immersed in the silicone rubber material for molding and vulcanization.

[0022] Optionally, the silicone rubber material includes one of silicone rubber base rubber and composite silicone rubber.

[0023] Optionally, the composite silicone rubber includes the silicone rubber base and inorganic fillers dispersed within the silicone rubber base.

[0024] Optionally, the inorganic filler includes solid filler and modified filler.

[0025] Optionally, the modified filler includes a solid filler that has been surface-treated with one of the following: a modified silane coupling agent, a silane coupling agent, or a titanate coupling agent.

[0026] Optionally, the silane coupling agent includes one of KH550, KH792, and KH892.

[0027] Optionally, the titanate coupling agent includes one of PN-130, PN-101, and PN-102.

[0028] Optionally, the solid filler includes one of nanoparticles and chopped fibers.

[0029] Optionally, the nanoparticles include one of fumed silica, precipitated silica, nano-alumina, and nano-calcium carbonate.

[0030] Optionally, the chopped fibers include one of cellulose nanocrystals, silicon nitride nanocrystals, silicon carbide nanocrystals, and silicon oxynitride nanocrystals.

[0031] Optionally, the average particle size of the nanoparticles is less than or equal to 200 nm.

[0032] Optionally, the diameter of the chopped fibers is less than or equal to 500 nm.

[0033] Optionally, the aspect ratio of the chopped fibers is greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 100.

[0034] Optionally, the solid filler comprises nanoparticles and chopped fibers in a mass ratio of (1-2):(0.01-1).

[0035] Optionally, the composite silicone rubber includes 10wt%-30wt% inorganic filler.

[0036] Optionally, the silicone rubber base includes one of vinyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber.

[0037] Optionally, the modified silane coupling agent includes a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent.

[0038] Optionally, the preparation method of the triazine ring functionalized silane coupling agent includes: reacting a triazine ring compound with a silane coupling agent in a liquid environment with pH=5-6 and 0℃-5℃, and then separating the triazine ring functionalized silane coupling agent.

[0039] Optionally, the triazine ring compound includes one of cyanuric chloride, cyanuric fluorochlorotri ...

[0040] Optionally, the liquid environment includes one of acetonitrile, acetone, and chloroform.

[0041] Optionally, the concentration of the reactant in the liquid environment is 5%-30%, and the reactant consists of a triazine ring compound and a silane coupling agent.

[0042] Optionally, the mass fraction of the triazine ring compound in the reactants is 35%-75%.

[0043] Optionally, the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the reactants is 25%-65%.

[0044] Optionally, the triazine ring compound is separated after reacting with a silane coupling agent for 1-3 hours.

[0045] Optionally, the liquid environment is removed after the reaction to obtain a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent.

[0046] Optionally, the method for removing the liquid environment includes rotary distillation.

[0047] Optionally, when using a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent to modify the surface of a solid filler, the process includes: wetting and modifying the solid filler in an active solution and then separating it, wherein the active solute in the active solution includes at least a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent.

[0048] Optionally, the solid filler in the active solution has a solid-liquid ratio of 0.02 g / mL to 0.05 g / mL.

[0049] Optionally, the mass concentration of the triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent in the active solution is 2%-10%.

[0050] Optionally, the solvent in the active solution includes one of ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, and tetrahydrofuran.

[0051] Optionally, the solid filler can be modified by impregnating it in an active solution for 1-3 hours.

[0052] Optionally, the modification can be carried out by impregnation at 20℃-30℃.

[0053] Optionally, the solid filler is modified by impregnation in an active solution under physical mixing, wherein the physical mixing includes stirring and ultrasonication.

[0054] Optionally, when the solid filler comprises nanoparticles and chopped fibers, the impregnation modification includes: mixing the nanoparticles and chopped fibers, impregnating and modifying them in an active solution, and then separating them to obtain the modified filler; or, impregnating and modifying the nanoparticles and chopped fibers separately in an active solution, separating them, and then combining them to obtain the modified filler.

[0055] Optionally, functional additives are also dispersed in the silicone rubber base and / or the composite silicone rubber.

[0056] Optionally, the mass fraction of the functional additive is 5%-40%.

[0057] Optionally, the functional additives include crosslinking agents, catalysts, and inhibitors.

[0058] Optionally, the crosslinking agent includes a hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent.

[0059] Optionally, the preparation method of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent includes: condensing and dehydrating an acid anhydride and an amino monomer to form an imide-siloxane oligomer, and then, under the action of an accelerator, performing a chain extension reaction between the imide-siloxane oligomer and a hydrogen-containing silicon monomer to generate the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent.

[0060] Optionally, the acid anhydride includes one of fluorenone dianhydride and triazine cyclothioether dianhydride.

[0061] Optionally, the anhydride comprises 20 mol% to 80 mol% fluorenone dianhydride.

[0062] Optionally, the anhydride comprises 20 mol% to 80 mol% of triazine cyclothioether dianhydride.

[0063] Optionally, the amino monomer comprises 20 mol% to 80 mol% of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane.

[0064] Optionally, the amino monomer comprises 20 mol% to 80 mol% of 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2-amine.

[0065] Optionally, the promoter includes one of a platinum catalyst, a cascade catalyst, and a spann catalyst.

[0066] Optionally, the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer includes one of methylhydrocyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and tetramethyldihydrodisiloxane.

[0067] Optionally, the molar ratio of the acid anhydride to the amino monomer is (0.8-1.2):1.

[0068] Optionally, the molar ratio of the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer to the imide-siloxane oligomer is 1:(2-4).

[0069] Optionally, the molar ratio of the promoter to the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer is (0.005-0.01):100.

[0070] Optionally, the acid anhydride and amino monomer are condensed at -4°C to 4°C to generate an imide-siloxane intermediate.

[0071] Optionally, the acid anhydride and amino monomer are condensed and then dehydrated to form a ring at 150℃-250℃.

[0072] Optionally, the chain extension reaction can be carried out at 80℃-120℃.

[0073] Optionally, the chain extension reaction can be carried out for 12-24 hours.

[0074] Optionally, the catalyst includes a cassiterite catalyst or a platinum catalyst.

[0075] Optionally, the inhibitor includes butynol inhibitors.

[0076] Optionally, the functional additive includes 5wt%-15wt% of a catalyst.

[0077] Optionally, the functional adjuvant includes 5wt%-15wt% of an inhibitor.

[0078] Optionally, the functional additive includes 70wt%-90wt% of a crosslinking agent.

[0079] Secondly, the present invention provides an elastic gasket prepared by any of the above-mentioned optional preparation methods.

[0080] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a composite silicone bearing pad, comprising at least one elastic pad prepared by any of the above-mentioned optional preparation methods.

[0081] Optionally, the load-bearing pad may also include a protective pad disposed on at least one surface of the elastic pad.

[0082] Optionally, the protective pad includes one of a silicone pad or a modified silicone pad.

[0083] Optionally, the device includes an elastic gasket and fiber-reinforced silicone rubber disposed on two opposite surfaces of the elastic gasket. The method for preparing the fiber-reinforced silicone rubber includes: impregnating a fiber layer in a silicone rubber material and then separating the fiber layer; and performing addition vulcanization to obtain the fiber-reinforced silicone rubber.

[0084] Optionally, the fibers in the fiber layer include one of high-modulus quartz fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, polyimide, and aramid fibers. Attached Figure Description

[0085] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing an elastic gasket according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0086] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0087] See Figure 1 This invention provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket, comprising the following steps: S1. Arrange the core with the fiber braided tube on the surface radially to obtain a fiber composite array; S2. The fiber composite array is combined with silicone rubber material, molded and vulcanized, and the core is extracted to obtain an elastic gasket.

[0088] In fact, the present invention utilizes the rigidity of the mold core to temporarily support the fiber braided tube, which is beneficial for the orientation of the fiber braided tube. At the same time, it ensures that the silicone rubber can fully impregnate the fiber braided tube during the flow process and maintain the tubular cavity structure inside the fiber braided tube. Thus, after the molding and vulcanization are completed and the mold core is removed, an elastic gasket with a tubular array can be obtained, which can improve the compressive strength and resilience of the elastic gasket.

[0089] In some embodiments, the diameter of the fiber braided tube in step S1 is 0.5mm-2mm. In fact, by controlling the diameter of the fiber braided tube, the size of the tubular cavity in the elastic gasket can be directly controlled. This also helps to form a sufficiently dense and strong array of tubular cavities in the elastic gasket as a "tube spring," which provides compression when subjected to load to compress the elastic gasket, and releases the stored elastic potential energy when the load is released to cause the elastic gasket to rebound.

[0090] In fact, when the diameter of the fiber braided tube is too small, small pore fiber columns will form inside the elastic gasket. This will not only affect the compression of the elastic gasket under load, but also reduce the contact area between the fiber braided tube and the vulcanized silicone rubber, thus affecting compatibility and causing the elastic gasket to easily break at the location of the fiber braided tube. In addition, when the diameter of the fiber braided tube is too large, the number of fiber braided tubes that can be accommodated per unit area is reduced, resulting in excessive compression of the elastic gasket and insufficient rebound performance.

[0091] In some embodiments, when the core is radially arranged in step S1, the gap between adjacent fiber braided tubes in the fiber composite array is 0mm-1mm. In reality, when an elastic gasket with a gap of 0mm between adjacent fiber braided tubes is under load, the adjacent fiber braided tubes will squeeze each other under pressure, thus providing stronger support. As the gap between adjacent fiber braided tubes increases, the support force of the elastic gasket decreases, but the compressibility is improved.

[0092] In some embodiments, during the radial arrangement in step S1, the mandrels with fiber braided tubes on their surfaces can be arranged along mutually perpendicular first and second directions. Specifically, the first direction can be the planar direction of the pre-prepared elastic gasket, while the second direction can be the vertical direction of the pre-prepared elastic gasket. In fact, when the elastic gasket is in use, the first and second directions can serve as the directions in which the elastic gasket bears the load.

[0093] In some embodiments, when the fiber braided tubes are radially arranged in step S1, the number of fiber braided tubes in the fiber composite array in the first direction and the second direction is independently between 1 and 50. In practice, the number of fiber braided tubes arranged in each direction is related to the specifications of the pre-prepared elastic gasket; specifically, the thickness of the fiber braided tube array after removing the mold core is 80%-99% of the elastic gasket. Further, the fiber composite array has at least two fiber braided tubes.

[0094] In some embodiments, the fiber composite array obtained by radial arrangement in step S1 is a rectangular array in cross-section. In fact, the configuration of the fiber composite array is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the pre-prepared elastic gasket. For example, if the cross-section of the elastic gasket in the pressure direction is rectangular, then a rectangular fiber composite array can be well adapted to it. When the cross-section of the elastic gasket in the pressure direction is trapezoidal, the fiber composite array can also be arranged in a trapezoidal shape.

[0095] In fact, the elastic gasket can also be edge-trimmed to obtain a circular elastic gasket. In this case, the length of the fiber braided tube inside the elastic gasket gradually decreases from the center to the side, which will cause an imbalance in the resilience and compressibility of the circular elastic gasket. Therefore, when it is necessary to make a circular or annular elastic gasket, the fiber braided tube can be arranged radially along the center of the gasket during step S1, and the diameter of the fiber braided tube can gradually increase from the center to the outside to adapt to the outer periphery of the circular gasket.

[0096] In some embodiments, in step S1, fibers are pre-woven around the surface of the mold core to obtain a mold core with a fiber-braided tube covering its surface. In practice, using the mold core as a central support improves the support of the fiber-braided tube and helps the fiber-braided tube maintain the surface configuration of the mold core. For example, when the mold core is cylindrical, the resulting fiber-braided tube can form a cylindrical tubular cavity, which is beneficial for the elastic gasket to bear pressure radially when it is incorporated into the elastic gasket. Furthermore, the cross-section of the mold core can also be elliptical, which further improves the pressure-bearing capacity in the long axis direction within the elastic gasket.

[0097] In some embodiments, fibers can be orthogonally woven on the surface of the mold core in step S1, and the fibers that can be used include one of polyimide ultra-long fibers and aramid ultra-long fibers. Further, the fiber weaving density on the surface of the fiber braided tube is 70%-90%, and the number of radial braiding layers of the fiber braided tube is 1-3 layers. In fact, by adjusting the fiber weaving parameters of the fiber braided tube, it is beneficial to promote sufficient wetting of the silicone rubber material into the fiber braided tube and improve the fiber resilience performance of the fiber braided tube.

[0098] In some embodiments, during step S2, the silicone rubber material can be pre-cured to form a silicone rubber gasket, and then the fiber composite array and the silicone rubber gasket are stacked and molded together. This facilitates the storage and transportation of the silicone rubber gasket, and during the molding process, the silicone rubber gasket melts and fully impregnates the fibers of the fiber braided tube, thus forming a stable interfacial bond after curing. Alternatively, the fiber composite array can be immersed in the silicone rubber material for molding.

[0099] In practice, the vulcanized silicone rubber material in the elastic gasket provides basic elasticity and protects the internal fiber braided tubing. The silicone rubber material used can be any commonly used silicone rubber in the art, provided it is elastic after vulcanization. Furthermore, the silicone rubber used includes either a silicone rubber base or a composite silicone rubber.

[0100] In some embodiments, the silicone rubber base used may include one of vinyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber. Furthermore, the composite silicone rubber used is made by adding inorganic fillers to the silicone rubber base. After the composite silicone rubber is vulcanized and fixed, the inorganic fillers can construct a three-dimensional network within the elastic gasket, thereby effectively improving the mechanical properties and strength of the elastic gasket. Simultaneously, the inorganic fillers can synergize with the fibers on the surface of the fiber braided tube.

[0101] Furthermore, the inorganic fillers used in composite silicone rubber include solid fillers and modified fillers. Uniformly distributed inorganic fillers, after the silicone rubber material undergoes addition vulcanization molding, can form a continuous reinforcing network, efficiently transferring and dispersing stress, greatly improving the overall tensile strength and elastic modulus of the silicone rubber. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional filler network formed by the inorganic fillers within the silicone rubber and the stable interface layer between them can prevent the growth of microcracks, thereby improving the overall fatigue resistance of the silicone rubber.

[0102] In some embodiments, the composite silicone rubber material includes 10wt%-30wt% of modified filler. In practice, when the content of modified filler is too low, it is difficult to form a stable reinforcing network within the silicone rubber, while when the content of modified filler is too high, filler agglomeration and sedimentation will inevitably occur, which will negatively affect the mechanical properties and mechanical strength of the silicone rubber.

[0103] In some embodiments, the modified filler includes a solid filler surface-treated with one of the following: a modified silane coupling agent, a silane coupling agent, or a titanate coupling agent. Specifically, the silane coupling agent used includes one of KH550, KH792, and KH892, and the titanate coupling agent used includes one of PN-130, PN-101, and PN-102. In practice, when surface-modifying the solid filler, commonly used coupling agents in the art can be used, as long as it is necessary to improve the dispersibility and compatibility of the solid filler in the silicone rubber material.

[0104] Furthermore, the modified silane coupling agents used include triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agents. By using triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agents to modify the surface of solid fillers, rigid and symmetrical triazine rings can be grafted onto the surface of the solid fillers. Due to the steric hindrance effect of the triazine rings, the agglomeration and sedimentation of the solid fillers can be further avoided after grafting onto the surface of the solid fillers. At the same time, it helps the modified fillers to oriented and align within the silicone rubber matrix, thereby forming a uniformly spaced star-shaped or network topology in three-dimensional space.

[0105] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent includes: reacting a triazine ring compound with a silane coupling agent in a liquid environment at pH 5-6 and 0℃-5℃, followed by separation to obtain the triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent. In practice, during the reaction, the active group on the triazine ring compound is nucleophilically substituted by the amino group in the silane coupling agent, thereby obtaining a silane coupling agent with a triazine ring. Further, the triazine ring compound used includes one of cyanuric chloride (CAS: 108-77-0), cyanuric fluorochlorotrichlorofluorocarbon (CAS: 675-14-9), and 2,4,6-tris(bromofluoromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine (CAS: 402-94-8).

[0106] In fact, cyanuric chloride, cyanuric fluorochlorotri ...

[0107] In some embodiments, the liquid environment used in preparing the triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent includes one of acetonitrile, acetone, and chloroform. In practice, the liquid environment must be capable of completely dissolving the triazine ring compound and the silane coupling agent without causing a reaction. Furthermore, before the reaction, the liquid environment is pre-cooled at 0°C-5°C, and then the triazine ring compound and the silane coupling agent are added and mechanically mixed. Preferably, the mechanical mixing method can be conventional solubilizing methods in the art, such as stirring or ultrasound.

[0108] In some embodiments, the concentration of the reactants in the liquid environment is 5%-30%, and the mass fraction of the triazine ring compound in the reactants is 35%-75%, while the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent is 25%-65%. Clearly, the reactants consist of a triazine ring compound and a silane coupling agent. Furthermore, ultrasonication, stirring, or other methods can be applied during the reaction to improve reaction efficiency.

[0109] In some embodiments, the triazine ring compound and the silane coupling agent are mixed and reacted in a liquid environment for 1-3 hours, and then the liquid environment is removed to obtain the triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent. In practice, one reactant can be added in excess during the mixing reaction to promote the reaction and increase the product yield. Preferably, a reactant with a lower boiling point is selected in excess, and after the reaction is complete, excess and unreacted reactants can be removed by rotary distillation to obtain the triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent.

[0110] In some embodiments, when modifying a solid filler surface with a triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent to obtain a modified filler, the process includes: wetting and modifying the solid filler in an active solution and then separating the modified filler; wherein the active solute in the active solution includes at least a triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent. In practice, during the wetting and modification process, the triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agent is grafted onto the surface of the solid filler, and the steric hindrance effect of the triazine ring end groups improves the dispersibility of the modified filler.

[0111] In some embodiments, the solid-liquid ratio of the solid filler in the active solution is 0.02 g / mL to 0.05 g / mL, and the mass concentration of the triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent in the active solution is 2% to 10%. In fact, by impregnating and modifying the solid filler in the active solution, it is beneficial for the triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent to uniformly modify the surface of the solid filler. Further, the solvent in the active solution includes one of ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, and tetrahydrofuran.

[0112] In some embodiments, the solid filler can be mixed in an active solution at 20°C-30°C, and then impregnated and modified for 1-3 hours under physical mixing. After filtration to separate the solids, the solids are washed and dried to obtain the modified filler. In practice, physical mixing methods include mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to improve the dispersibility and uniformity of the solid filler in the active solution.

[0113] In some embodiments, the solid filler used includes one of nanoparticles and chopped fibers. In practice, surface-modifying the nanoparticles and chopped fibers and dispersing them in silicone rubber allows the modified particles to act as nodes, uniformly dispersed within the silicone rubber, while the modified fibers act as a framework connecting the nanofiller, thereby forming a lattice-reinforced network in the silicone rubber. This is beneficial for improving the mechanical properties and strength of the silicone rubber.

[0114] Furthermore, the nanoparticles used include one of fumed silica, precipitated silica, nano-alumina, and nano-calcium carbonate, and the chopped fibers used include one of cellulose nanocrystals, silicon nitride nanowhiskers, silicon carbide nanowhiskers, and silicon oxynitride nanowhiskers. Even further, the average particle size of the nanoparticles is less than or equal to 200 nm, and the diameter of the chopped fibers is less than or equal to 50 nm, with an aspect ratio greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 100. Specifically, the solid filler may include nanoparticles and chopped fibers in a mass ratio of (1-2):(0.01-1).

[0115] In practice, when solid fillers include nanoparticles and chopped fibers, the nanoparticles and chopped fibers can be modified separately by impregnating them in an active solution, then separated and combined to obtain the modified filler. Specifically, when modifying nanoparticles and chopped fibers separately, the active solutions used in the two modifications are independent of each other. Alternatively, the nanoparticles and chopped fibers can be mixed beforehand and then added to the active solution for modification.

[0116] In some embodiments, 5 wt% to 40 wt% of functional additives are also dispersed in the silicone rubber base and / or composite silicone rubber. Specifically, the functional additives include crosslinking agents, catalysts, and inhibitors. In fact, inhibitors in silicone rubber can improve the stability of silicone rubber at low temperatures, while catalysts can promote the chain reaction between the crosslinking agent and the rubber molecules in the silicone rubber during addition vulcanization, and integrate inorganic fillers into the three-dimensional crosslinked network to form a co-crosslinked structure of modified fillers and silicone rubber.

[0117] In some embodiments, the crosslinking agent used includes a hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent. Specifically, the preparation method of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent includes: condensing and dehydrating an acid anhydride with an amino monomer to form an imide-siloxane oligomer, and then, under the action of an accelerator, reacting the imide-siloxane oligomer with a hydrogen-containing silicone monomer to generate the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent.

[0118] In some embodiments, the acid anhydride used in preparing the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent includes one of fluorenone dianhydride and triazine cyclic sulfide dianhydride. Specifically, the acid anhydride may consist of 20 mol%-80 mol% fluorenone dianhydride and the balance triazine cyclic sulfide dianhydride, or 20 mol%-80 mol% triazine cyclic sulfide dianhydride and the balance fluorenone dianhydride.

[0119] In some embodiments, the amino monomer used in preparing the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent includes one of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinecyclo-2-amine. Specifically, the amino monomer may consist of 20 mol%-80 mol% of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and the balance of 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinecyclo-2-amine, or consist of 20 mol%-80 mol% of 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinecyclo-2-amine and the balance of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane.

[0120] In some embodiments, the accelerator used in preparing the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent includes one of a platinum catalyst, a caster catalyst, and a spanning catalyst, and the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer used includes one of methylhydrocyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and tetramethyldihydrodisiloxane. Further, the molar ratio of the acid anhydride to the amino monomer used is (0.8-1.2):1, preferably with a slight excess of acid anhydride, for example, a molar ratio of acid anhydride to amino monomer of 1.01:1.

[0121] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the hydrosilicone monomer to the imide-siloxane oligomer used in the chain extension reaction is 1:(2-4), and the molar ratio of the accelerator to the hydrosilicone monomer is (0.005-0.01):100. Further, the anhydride and amino monomer can be condensed at -4℃ to 4℃ to generate an imide-siloxane intermediate, which is then transferred to 150℃-250℃ for dehydration and cyclization. After adding the accelerator and hydrosilicone monomer, the chain extension reaction is carried out at 80℃-120℃ for 12h-24h.

[0122] In some embodiments, the catalysts used include cassette catalysts and platinum catalysts, and the inhibitors used include butynediol inhibitors. Further, the functional additives include 5 wt%-15 wt% of catalyst, 5 wt%-15 wt% of inhibitor, and the balance crosslinking agent (70 wt%-90 wt%).

[0123] The present invention also provides an elastic gasket prepared by the preparation method in any of the above embodiments.

[0124] The present invention also provides a composite silicone bearing pad, comprising at least one elastic pad prepared by the method described in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, multiple elastic pads can be stacked. Further, a protective pad can be provided on at least one surface of the elastic pad, which can protect the elastic pad and thus improve its durability. Even further, the protective pad used includes one of a silicone pad and a modified silicone pad.

[0125] In some embodiments, the protective pad can be made using the same silicone rubber material used in the preparation of the elastic pad, which can improve the compatibility between the protective pad and the elastic pad. Furthermore, when laminating the elastic pad and the protective pad, adhesives commonly used in the art can be used for bonding, or the elastic pad and the protective pad can be hot-pressed together. High-temperature hot pressing promotes the bonding of the interface between the elastic pad and the protective pad, thereby further improving the composite stability.

[0126] In some embodiments, the composite silicone bearing pad includes an elastic gasket and fiber-reinforced silicone rubber disposed on two opposing surfaces of the elastic gasket. Reinforcing the silicone rubber with fiber material improves its tensile strength and aging resistance. Further, the method for preparing the fiber-reinforced silicone rubber includes: impregnating the fiber layer within a silicone rubber material and then separating it; followed by addition vulcanization to obtain the fiber-reinforced silicone rubber.

[0127] Furthermore, when the silicone rubber material is a composite silicone rubber, the fiber layer is impregnated within the composite silicone rubber. The composite silicone rubber penetrates into the fibers of the fiber layer, and after addition vulcanization, the fiber layer and inorganic filler can synergistically improve the overall tensile strength and aging resistance of the silicone rubber. Furthermore, the fibers used in the fiber cloth include one of the following: high-modulus quartz fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, polyimide, and aramid.

[0128] In fact, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite silicone bearing pad, comprising: Y1. Arrange the fiber composite array radially with the fiber braided tube on the surface of the mold core; Y2. Fiber-reinforced silicone rubber, fiber composite array, silicone rubber gasket, and fiber-reinforced silicone rubber are stacked in sequence. Y3. A composite silicone bearing pad is obtained by molding and vulcanizing at 80℃-120℃ and then removing the mold core.

[0129] Preparation Example 1 Example 1 of this preparation provides a method for preparing a silicone rubber gasket, comprising: mixing methyl vinyl silicone rubber (purchased from Shenzhen Feike Technology Co., Ltd., brand name 110 methyl vinyl silicone rubber), polymethylhydrosiloxane (hydrosilicone oil containing hydrogen, PMHS, purchased from Fangxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., brand name PB13351), caster catalyst (purchased from Dongguan Ziaokai New Materials Co., Ltd.), and butynediol inhibitor in a mixing mill at a mass ratio of 100:8:1:1, and then performing addition vulcanization at 100°C to obtain a silicone rubber gasket with a thickness of 10 mm. Example

[0130] This embodiment 1 provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket, including the following steps: S1. Polyimide ultra-long fibers are orthogonally woven on the surface of a columnar core with a diameter of 1 mm in a precision braiding machine to obtain a fiber braided tube with a braiding density of 80% and a braiding layer of 2 layers; the core with the fiber braided tube on its surface is radially arranged into a rectangular array of 2×30 to obtain a fiber composite array. S2. The silicone rubber gasket (Preparation Example 1), the fiber composite array, and the silicone rubber gasket (Preparation Example 1) are stacked in a stainless steel mold in sequence. After molding and vulcanizing at 80°C, the mold is demolded and the columnar mold core is extracted to obtain an elastic gasket with a thickness of 10 mm.

[0131] Preparation Example 2 Example 2 of this preparation provides a method for preparing a composite silicone rubber gasket, including the following steps: Z1. Fumed silica with an average particle size of 20 nm and nanocrystalline cellulose with a diameter of 95 nm and an aspect ratio of 10 were mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and then impregnated in ethyl acetate solution of 5 wt% KH550 at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.025 g / mL. After stirring and reacting at room temperature of 25 °C for 2 h, the solids were separated, washed with deionized water and vacuum dried to obtain the modified filler. Z2. Methyl vinyl silicone rubber (purchased from Shenzhen Bike Technology Co., Ltd., brand name 110 methyl vinyl silicone rubber), modified filler, polymethylhydrosiloxane (hydrosilicone oil containing hydrogen, PMHS, purchased from Fangxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., brand name PB13351), caster catalyst (purchased from Dongguan Ziaokai New Materials Co., Ltd.), and butynediol inhibitor were mixed in a mixer at a mass ratio of 100:20:8:1:1, and then vulcanized at 100°C to obtain a composite silicone rubber gasket with a thickness of 10 mm. Example

[0132] This embodiment 2 provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket. The difference from embodiment 1 is that the silicone rubber gasket used in step S2 is the composite silicone rubber gasket obtained in preparation example 2.

[0133] Preparation Example 3 Preparation Example 3 provides a method for preparing a composite silicone rubber gasket. The difference from Preparation Example 2 is that in step Z1, fumed silica and nanocrystalline cellulose are mixed and then impregnated in an ethyl acetate solution of 5 wt% triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent. The preparation method of the triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent includes: mixing cyanuric chloride (CAS No.: 108-77-0) and KH550 (purchased from Jiangsu Lande New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) at a mass ratio of 11:9 and adding them into dimethylacetamide to obtain a mixed solution; adjusting the concentration of reactants in the mixed solution to 10%; adjusting the pH of the mixture to 6.0; stirring and reacting in an ice bath environment at 0°C for 2 hours; and obtaining the triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent by rotary distillation. Example

[0134] This embodiment 3 provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket. The difference from embodiment 2 is that the silicone rubber gasket used in step S2 is the composite silicone rubber gasket obtained in preparation example 3.

[0135] Preparation Example 4 Preparation Example 4 provides a method for preparing a composite silicone rubber gasket. The difference from Preparation Example 3 is that the preparation method of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil used in step Z2 includes: mixing anhydride (fluorenone dianhydride and triazine cyclothioether dianhydride in a molar ratio of 2:3) and amino monomer (1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinecyclo-2-amine in a molar ratio of 1:1) at a molar ratio of 1.01:1, stirring and reacting in an ice bath at 0°C for 2 hours, then transferring to 200°C for dehydration and cyclization reaction for 3 hours to generate an imide-siloxane oligomer, adding a caster catalyst and methylhydrocyclotetrasiloxane (the molar ratio of methylhydrocyclotetrasiloxane to the imide-siloxane oligomer is 1:3) in a molar ratio of 0.005:100 and performing a chain extension reaction for 12 hours to obtain the hydrogen-containing silicone oil. Example

[0136] This embodiment 4 provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket. The difference from embodiment 3 is that the silicone rubber gasket used in step S2 is the composite silicone rubber gasket obtained in preparation example 4. Example

[0137] This embodiment 5 provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket. The difference from embodiment 4 is that, in step S1, the core with the fiber braided tube on its surface is radially arranged into a 6×30 rectangular array to obtain a fiber composite array; in step S2, an elastic gasket with a thickness of 10 mm is prepared. Example

[0138] This embodiment 6 provides a method for preparing an elastic gasket. The difference from embodiment 4 is that, in step S1, the core with the surface covered with fiber braided tube is radially arranged into an 8×30 rectangular array to obtain a fiber composite array; in step S2, an elastic gasket with a thickness of 10mm is prepared. Example

[0139] This embodiment 7 provides a method for preparing a composite silicone bearing pad, including the following steps: Y0, Polyimide nonwoven fiber fabric (three layers, density 120g / cm³) 3 After impregnating the composite silicone rubber material prepared in Preparation Example 4 (with a thickness of 0.8 mm) for 8 hours, the fiber cloth adsorbed with the composite silicone rubber was vulcanized at 80°C to obtain fiber-reinforced silicone rubber. Y1. Polyimide ultra-long fibers are orthogonally woven on the surface of a columnar core with a diameter of 1 mm in a precision braiding machine to obtain a fiber braided tube with a braiding density of 80% and a braiding layer of 2 layers; the core with the fiber braided tube on its surface is arranged radially into a rectangular array of 2×30 to obtain a fiber composite array. Y2. Fiber-reinforced silicone rubber, fiber composite array, silicone rubber gasket (Preparation Example 1) are stacked in a stainless steel mold in sequence. After molding and vulcanizing at 80°C, the mold is demolded and the columnar mold core is extracted to obtain a composite silicone bearing pad with a thickness of 10mm.

[0140] Performance testing The tensile strength and elongation at break of the silicone rubber gaskets prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and the elastic gaskets in Examples 1 to 4 were tested using the methods described in GB / T 528-2009 and GB / T 9127-2010. The performance improvement of the gaskets in the examples was calculated using the gaskets of the preparation examples as a benchmark. The calculation method was: (Example X - Preparation Example X) / Preparation Example X × 100%. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0141] Table 1 Mechanical properties of the gaskets in Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and Examples 1 to 4

[0142] Combining Preparation Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that by doping silicone rubber with silane-modified inorganic fillers, the mechanical properties of the gasket can be effectively improved. From Preparation Examples 2 and 3, it can be seen that by using triazine ring-functionalized silane coupling agents to modify inorganic fillers, the bonding stability of inorganic fillers in silicone rubber materials can be effectively improved, thereby further improving the mechanical properties of the gasket. In addition, from Preparation Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that when synthetic hydrogen-containing silicone oil is added to silicone rubber gaskets, the triazine ring-containing hydrogen-containing silicone oil can have a synergistic effect with the triazine ring-silane-modified inorganic fillers, thereby further improving the mechanical properties of the gasket.

[0143] Combining Preparation Example 1 and Example 1, it can be seen that by hot-pressing the silicone rubber gasket with the fiber composite array, the fiber braided tube in the fiber composite array can be well combined with the silicone rubber material, thereby utilizing the structural strength of the fiber braided tube itself to improve the overall tensile strength and elongation at break of the gasket. Furthermore, combining the performance data from Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and Examples 1 to 4, it can be seen that as the mechanical properties of the composite silicone rubber gasket improve, the improvement in mechanical properties after further combining it with the fiber composite array gradually decreases. This indicates that as the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber material improve, the limiting factor for the gasket becomes the fiber braided tube itself; simply replacing it with a higher-strength fiber material can further improve the mechanical properties of the gasket.

[0144] The compression set test was performed on the gaskets in Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and Examples 1 to 7 using the method described in ASTM D395. The gaskets were compressed by 25% under mechanical pressure and held for 30 minutes. The pressure was then released and the percentage of unrecoverable permanent deformation was measured, as shown in Table 2 below. The test was repeated three times for each group of gasket samples and the average permanent deformation was calculated.

[0145] Table 2. Compression permanent deformation of gaskets

[0146] As can be seen from Examples 4 to 7, increasing the number of fiber confinement tube arrays is beneficial to improving the gasket's resistance to deformation after being compressed.

[0147] While embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations fall within the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims. Furthermore, the invention described herein may have other embodiments and can be implemented or carried out in various ways.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an elastic gasket, characterized in that, include: A fiber composite array is obtained by radially arranging the cores with fiber braided tubes on their surface. An elastic gasket is made by combining a fiber composite array with a silicone rubber material, molding and vulcanizing it, and then removing the mold core.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the fiber braided tube is 0.5mm-2mm; And / or, the gap between adjacent fiber braided tubes in the fiber composite array is 0mm-1mm; And / or, when radially arranged, it includes: arranging the mandrel with the surface covered by the fiber braided tube along a first direction and a second direction that are perpendicular to each other; Preferably, the number of fiber braided tubes in the fiber composite array in the first direction and the second direction is 1 to 50, and the fiber composite array has at least two fiber braided tubes. Preferably, the fiber composite array comprises a rectangular array; And / or, using fibers to wrap and braid the surface of the mold core to form a mold core with a fiber braided tube covering the surface; Preferably, fibers are orthogonally woven on the surface of the mold core; Preferably, the fiber comprises one of polyimide extra-long fiber and aramid extra-long fiber; Preferably, the braiding density of the fiber braided tube is 70%-90%; Preferably, the number of braided layers in the radial direction of the fiber braided tube is 1 to 3; Preferably, the thickness of the fiber braided tube array after the core is removed is 80%-99% of the thickness of the elastic gasket; And / or, when the fiber composite array is compounded with silicone rubber and then molded and vulcanized, the following methods are included: first, the silicone rubber material is added and vulcanized to obtain a silicone rubber gasket, and then the fiber composite array and the silicone rubber gasket are stacked and molded and vulcanized; or, the fiber composite array is immersed in silicone rubber material for molding and vulcanization.

3. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The silicone rubber material includes one of silicone rubber base rubber and composite silicone rubber; in: The composite silicone rubber includes the silicone rubber base and inorganic fillers dispersed in the silicone rubber base; Preferably, the inorganic filler includes one of solid filler and modified filler; More preferably, the modified filler includes a solid filler that has undergone surface treatment with one of the following: a modified silane coupling agent, a silane coupling agent, or a titanate coupling agent. More preferably, the silane coupling agent includes one of KH550, KH792, and KH892; More preferably, the titanate coupling agent includes one of PN-130, PN-101, and PN-102; More preferably, the solid filler includes one of nanoparticles and chopped fibers; More preferably, the nanoparticles include one of fumed silica, precipitated silica, nano-alumina, and nano-calcium carbonate; More preferably, the chopped fibers include one of cellulose nanocrystals, silicon nitride nanocrystals, silicon carbide nanocrystals, and silicon oxynitride nanocrystals; More preferably, the average particle size of the nanoparticles is less than or equal to 200 nm; More preferably, the diameter of the chopped fibers is less than or equal to 500 nm; More preferably, the aspect ratio of the chopped fibers is greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 100; More preferably, the solid filler comprises nanoparticles and short-cut fibers in a mass ratio of (1-2):(0.01-1); Preferably, the composite silicone rubber comprises 10wt%-30wt% inorganic filler; Preferably, the silicone rubber base includes one of vinyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modified silane coupling agent includes a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent; The preparation method of the triazine ring functionalized silane coupling agent includes: reacting a triazine ring compound with a silane coupling agent in a liquid environment with pH=5-6 and 0℃-5℃, and then separating the triazine ring functionalized silane coupling agent. Preferably, the triazine ring compound includes one of cyanuric chloride, cyanuric fluorochlorotri ... Preferably, the liquid environment includes one of acetonitrile, acetone, and chloroform; Preferably, the concentration of the reactant in the liquid environment is 5%-30%, and the reactant is composed of a triazine ring compound and a silane coupling agent; Preferably, the mass fraction of the triazine ring compound in the reactants is 35%-75%; Preferably, the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the reactants is 25%-65%; Preferably, the triazine ring compound is separated after reacting with the silane coupling agent for 1-3 hours; Preferably, the liquid environment is removed after the reaction to obtain a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent; more preferably, the method for removing the liquid environment includes rotary distillation.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When using triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agents to modify the surface of solid fillers, the following methods are employed: The solid filler is modified by impregnation in an active solution and then separated, wherein the active solute in the active solution includes at least a triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent; Preferably, the solid filler in the active solution has a solid-liquid ratio of 0.02 g / mL to 0.05 g / mL; Preferably, the mass concentration of the triazine cyclofunctionalized silane coupling agent in the active solution is 2%-10%; Preferably, the solvent in the active solution includes one of ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, and tetrahydrofuran; Preferably, the solid filler is impregnated and modified in an active solution for 1-3 hours; Preferably, the modification is carried out by impregnation at 20℃-30℃; Preferably, the solid filler is modified by impregnation in an active solution under physical mixing, wherein the physical mixing includes stirring and ultrasonication; Preferably, when the solid filler comprises nanoparticles and chopped fibers, the impregnation modification includes: The modified filler was obtained by mixing nanoparticles with chopped fibers, impregnating and modifying them in an active solution, and then separating them. Alternatively, the nanoparticles and chopped fibers can be impregnated and modified separately in an active solution, then separated and combined to obtain the modified filler.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The silicone rubber base and / or the composite silicone rubber also contain functional additives; Preferably, the mass fraction of the functional additive is 5%-40%; Preferably, the functional additives include crosslinking agents, catalysts, and inhibitors; More preferably, the crosslinking agent includes a hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent; More preferably, the preparation method of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent includes: condensing and dehydrating an acid anhydride and an amino monomer to form an imide-siloxane oligomer, and then, under the action of an accelerator, performing a chain extension reaction between the imide-siloxane oligomer and a hydrogen-containing silicone monomer to generate a hydrogen-containing silicone oil crosslinking agent. More preferably, the acid anhydride includes one of fluorenone dianhydride and triazine cyclothioether dianhydride; More preferably, the acid anhydride comprises 20 mol%-80 mol% fluorenone dianhydride; More preferably, the acid anhydride comprises 20 mol%-80 mol% of triazine cyclothioether dianhydride; More preferably, the amino monomer comprises 20 mol%-80 mol% of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane; More preferably, the amino monomer comprises 20 mol%-80 mol% of 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinecyclo-2-amine; More preferably, the promoter includes one of a platinum catalyst, a caster catalyst, and a spanning catalyst; More preferably, the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer includes one of methylhydrocyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and tetramethyldihydrodisiloxane; More preferably, the molar ratio of the acid anhydride to the amino monomer is (0.8-1.2):1; More preferably, the molar ratio of the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer to the imide-siloxane oligomer is 1:(2-4); More preferably, the molar ratio of the accelerator to the hydrogen-containing silicon monomer is (0.005-0.01):100; More preferably, the acid anhydride and the amino monomer are subjected to a condensation reaction at -4℃ to 4℃ to generate an imide-siloxane intermediate; More preferably, the acid anhydride and amino monomer are condensed and then dehydrated to form a ring at 150℃-250℃. More preferably, the chain extension reaction is carried out at 80℃-120℃; More preferably, the chain extension reaction lasts for 12-24 hours; More preferably, the catalyst includes a cassiterite catalyst or a platinum catalyst; More preferably, the inhibitor includes a butynol inhibitor; More preferably, the functional additive includes 5wt%-15wt% of a catalyst; More preferably, the functional adjuvant includes 5wt%-15wt% of an inhibitor; More preferably, the functional additive includes 70wt%-90wt% of a crosslinking agent.

7. An elastic gasket prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A composite silicone bearing pad, characterized in that, It includes at least one elastic pad prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; preferably, the load-bearing pad further includes a protective pad disposed on at least one surface of the elastic pad; preferably, the protective pad includes one of a silicone pad and a modified silicone pad.

9. The composite silicone bearing pad according to claim 8, characterized in that, The invention includes an elastic gasket and fiber-reinforced silicone rubber disposed on two opposite surfaces of the elastic gasket. The method for preparing the fiber-reinforced silicone rubber includes: impregnating a fiber layer in a silicone rubber material and then separating it; and performing addition vulcanization to obtain the fiber-reinforced silicone rubber. Preferably, the fibers in the fiber layer include one of high-modulus quartz fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, polyimide, and aramid.

10. A method for preparing a composite silicone bearing pad, characterized in that, include: A fiber composite array is obtained by radially arranging the cores with fiber braided tubes on their surface. Fiber-reinforced silicone rubber, fiber composite array, silicone rubber gasket, and fiber-reinforced silicone rubber are stacked in sequence. Composite silicone bearing pads are prepared by compression molding and vulcanization at 80℃-120℃ and extraction of the mold core.

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