Road construction machine with parallel hybrid drive

Abstract

The invention relates to a road construction machine (1), in particular to a paver (1) or a feeder. The road construction machine (1) comprises a main drive (12), an electric machine (14), a transmission (13) and at least one load (16) connected to the transmission (13). The main drive (12) and the electric machine (14) are also connected to the transmission (13), in particular in a force-transmitting, power-transmitting and / or energy-transmitting manner. The electric machine (14) is configured to be operated as a generator and as a motor. The invention also relates to a method for operating a road construction machine (1) and to the use of a parallel hybrid drive in a road construction machine (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to road construction machinery, a method for operating road construction machinery, and the use of a parallel hybrid power drive unit in road construction machinery. The road construction machinery is particularly a paver. Background Technology

[0002] The use of hybrid drive systems—that is, a combination of a main drive unit (especially an internal combustion engine) and an electric drive unit—is known in road construction machinery. However, the prior art has only taught the use of series hybrid drive systems in road construction machinery (especially pavers).

[0003] For example, EP2333158B1 discloses a paver that includes a generator powered by a main energy source. CN112195730A and DE9308802U1 disclose other series hybrid drive systems in pavers.

[0004] A significant drawback of series hybrid drive systems is that the energy generated by the main drive unit must be switched frequently. Furthermore, both the main drive unit and the electric drive unit or generator must be large enough to transmit the rated power required by the drive system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compact and efficient drive solution for road construction machinery.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the invention, road construction machinery includes a main drive unit, a motor, a transmission unit, and at least one load. The at least one load is connected to the transmission unit, particularly to its output end. The connection between the load and the transmission unit is, in particular, a force-transmitting, power-transmitting, and / or energy-transmitting connection. Preferably, the connection between the load and the transmission unit is a force-transmitting connection. The main drive unit and the motor are connected to the transmission unit. The connection between the main drive unit and the transmission unit is, in particular, a force-transmitting, power-transmitting, and / or energy-transmitting connection. The connection between the main drive unit and the transmission unit is preferably a force-transmitting connection. The connection between the motor and the transmission unit is, in particular, a force-transmitting, power-transmitting, and / or energy-transmitting connection. The connection between the motor and the transmission unit is preferably a force-transmitting connection. A force-transmitting connection specifically refers to a connection capable of transmitting mechanical energy or force and / or torque from a first component to a second component. The term "force-transmitting" specifically means that no (intermediate) electrical energy conversion occurs. A force-transmitting connection may include multiple components, meaning that force transmission can also occur indirectly. A force-transmitting connection may include an intermediate conversion that converts force or torque into hydraulic energy. A power transfer connection can be understood in particular as a connection through which mechanical energy, or force, and / or torque can be transferred from a first component to a second component without being converted into electrical energy.

[0007] Road construction machinery may include one or more main drive units. Road construction machinery may include one or more electric motors. Road construction machinery may include one or more transmission units.

[0008] An electric motor is designed, formed, and / or configured to operate as both a generator and a motor. An electric motor can be configured—when operating as a generator—to convert mechanical energy generated by a main drive into electrical energy. An electric motor can be configured—when operating as a motor—to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and in particular, to drive a transmission.

[0009] The main drive unit and motor can be configured in particular as a parallel hybrid drive unit.

[0010] Force, power, and / or energy transmission between the transmission device and the main drive device can be achieved, particularly by mechanical and / or hydraulic means. Force, power, and / or energy transmission between the transmission device and the motor can be particularly achieved by hydraulic and / or mechanical means. Force, power, and / or energy transmission between the load and the main drive device can be particularly achieved by hydraulic and / or mechanical means.

[0011] The mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit is transmitted directly—for example, without being converted into electrical energy beforehand—to the transmission unit.

[0012] This motor is configured to operate primarily as both a motor and a generator. When operating as a generator, it can generate electrical energy, specifically by utilizing the mechanical energy transferred from the main drive unit via a transmission. When operating as a motor, it can utilize electrical energy to operate and drive the transmission, particularly in conjunction with the main drive unit. This can reduce the load on the main drive unit or bridge its failures. By selectively starting the motor, the main drive unit can operate near its optimal energy consumption point. Furthermore, since load peaks can be compensated for by starting the motor, the main drive unit can be smaller.

[0013] This hybrid design is particularly effective in reducing fuel consumption and noise emissions.

[0014] The main drive unit can be configured to automatically shut off when the road construction machinery stops paving. During paving downtime, at least one load can be powered by a battery. This battery will be described in detail below.

[0015] Road construction machinery may include a screed heating system. Road construction machinery may include one or more auxiliary drive units. This description uses only a screed heating system as an example; this system may also represent other different electrical loads or auxiliary drive units. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following discussion and explanation regarding the screed heating system also applies to other electrical loads or auxiliary drive units. During paving stops, the screed heating system and / or other electrical loads may be powered by batteries.

[0016] Transmission devices, particularly transmission gears. Transmission devices, particularly pump transmission gears. Transmission devices—especially pump transmission gears—are configured specifically to transmit mechanical energy to at least one load.

[0017] Road construction machinery, particularly pavers or paver feeders. Pavers are configured to produce paving layers using paving materials.

[0018] Both the main drive unit and the motor can be directly connected to or connected to the transmission via a clutch (e.g., a hydraulic clutch and / or a friction clutch). For example, the main drive unit can be directly connected to the transmission, and the motor can be connected to the transmission via a clutch (e.g., a hydraulic clutch and / or a friction clutch), and vice versa. Both the main drive unit and the motor can be directly connected to the transmission. The main drive unit and the motor can also be connected to the transmission via a hydraulic clutch. In particular, force, power, and / or energy transfer occurs from the main drive unit to the transmission, which may be transmitted via intermediate components if necessary. In particular, force, power, and / or energy transfer occurs from the motor to the transmission or from the transmission to the motor, which may be transmitted via intermediate components. The term "direct" can be understood in particular as no electrical energy conversion occurs between the main drive unit and the transmission or between the motor and the transmission. Any other type of clutch can also be used.

[0019] In this configuration, the transmission is specifically positioned between the main drive unit and the motor. The main drive unit can be connected to the drive end of the transmission. The motor can be connected to the output end of the transmission. The mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit can be transferred from the main drive unit to the motor via the transmission.

[0020] The motor can be directly connected to the transmission, or it can be connected to the transmission via a clutch (e.g., a hydraulic clutch and / or a friction clutch). The main drive unit can also be indirectly connected to the transmission, particularly via the motor. In this case, the motor is particularly configured as a crankshaft generator. The motor can be positioned between the main drive unit and the transmission. The motor can also be connected directly to the main drive unit.

[0021] Road construction machinery can be designed or configured such that no electrical energy conversion occurs between the main drive unit and the transmission unit. Specifically, the mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit is not converted into electrical energy. The energy generated by the main drive unit can be transferred to the transmission unit without conversion into electrical energy in the process. The main drive unit, in particular, generates mechanical energy. This mechanical energy can be transferred directly to the transmission unit, i.e., without conversion into electrical energy. The transfer of mechanical energy from the main drive unit to the transmission unit can occur via one or more intermediate components; that is, the transfer can occur directly or indirectly. The transfer of mechanical energy from the main drive unit to the transmission unit can occur via an electric motor, in which case the electric motor can be configured, in particular, as a crankshaft generator. The transfer of mechanical energy from the main drive unit to the transmission unit can occur via a clutch (e.g., a hydraulic clutch and / or a friction clutch). The transfer of mechanical energy from the main drive unit to the transmission unit may include conversion into hydraulic energy. The transfer of mechanical energy from the main drive unit to the transmission unit particularly does not include electrical energy conversion.

[0022] Road construction machinery can be designed or configured such that no electrical energy conversion occurs between the main drive unit and at least one load. However, electrical loads are an exception, as electrical energy conversion must be performed beforehand for them.

[0023] Road construction machinery may include batteries, especially high-voltage batteries. High voltage specifically refers to AC voltage from 30 volts to 1000 volts or DC voltage from 60 volts to 1500 volts. Especially when operating as a generator, the motor can be configured to use the generated energy to charge the battery. Especially when operating as a motor, the motor can also be configured to operate using energy provided by the battery. The battery capacity of road construction machinery with a rated motor power of less than 200 kW can be from 10 kWh to 100 kWh.

[0024] Compared to the above arrangement, this arrangement can be more compact. This arrangement can include advantages in terms of installation space.

[0025] The main drive unit can mechanically drive the transmission unit. Specifically, the mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit can be transmitted to the transmission unit without first converting it into electrical energy. In particular, the torque or rotation generated by the main drive unit can be transmitted to the transmission unit.

[0026] The main drive unit can include an internal combustion engine, and in particular, can be composed of an internal combustion engine. The main drive unit can include a diesel engine, and in particular, can be composed of a diesel engine. The main drive unit can include a gasoline engine, and in particular, can be composed of a gasoline engine. The main drive unit can include a hydrogen fuel cell engine, and in particular, can be composed of a hydrogen fuel cell engine. The main drive unit can include a gas turbine engine, and in particular, can be composed of a gas turbine engine.

[0027] The motor can be an electromagnetic transducer, such as a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PSM). The electromagnetic transducer can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, an asynchronous motor, a reluctance motor, an externally excited synchronous motor, or a combination thereof. The permanent magnet synchronous motor can be connected to the output of a drive unit. The drive unit can be arranged between the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the main drive unit. The permanent magnet synchronous motor can operate as a generator, utilizing the mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit, which is specifically transferred to the permanent magnet synchronous motor via the drive unit. The permanent magnet synchronous motor can also operate as a motor to drive the drive unit.

[0028] A permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can be connected to the drive end of a transmission. A PMSM can be connected to the main drive unit. A PMSM can be positioned between the main drive unit and the transmission unit. A PMSM can represent a crankshaft generator.

[0029] The motor can be an externally excited synchronous motor. The externally excited synchronous motor can be positioned at the output end of the drive unit. The drive unit can be positioned between the externally excited synchronous motor and the main drive unit. The externally excited synchronous motor can operate as a generator, utilizing the mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit, which is transmitted to the externally excited synchronous motor, particularly via the drive unit. The externally excited synchronous motor can also operate as a motor to drive the drive unit. During paving, the externally excited synchronous motor can be connected to a screed heating system, particularly for supplying energy to the screed heating system. During paving shutdown, the externally excited synchronous motor can be disconnected from the screed heating system.

[0030] The motor can be an asynchronous motor. The asynchronous motor can be positioned at the output of a drive unit. The drive unit can be positioned between the asynchronous motor and the main drive unit. The asynchronous motor can operate as a generator, utilizing the mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit, which is transmitted to the asynchronous motor, particularly via the drive unit. The asynchronous motor can also operate as a motor to drive the drive unit.

[0031] The motor can be a reluctance motor. The motor can also be a combination of synchronous and asynchronous motors.

[0032] At least one load may include a pump with variable or constant displacement, a travel drive, a lateral distribution device, and / or a material conveying device. The pump may be connected to the output of the drive unit, particularly by coupling or switching. The travel drive—particularly the pump associated with the travel drive—may be connected to the output of the drive unit, particularly by coupling or switching. The lateral distribution device—particularly the pump associated with the lateral distribution device—may be connected to the output of the drive unit, particularly by coupling or switching. The material conveying device—particularly the pump associated with the material conveying device—may be connected to the output of the drive unit, particularly by coupling or switching. The pump, travel drive, lateral distribution device, and / or material conveying device, or their associated pump, may be connected to the drive unit at different locations on the drive unit. The aforementioned pump particularly refers to a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump is particularly configured to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.

[0033] Hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors can include variable displacement or constant displacement pumps. For pumps with variable displacement, the power flow to the hydraulic motor connected to it can be interrupted, for example, by rotating the pump backward, without the need for a mechanical coupling.

[0034] The corresponding load can be disconnected from the main drive unit or motor by means of a connectable or switchable connection between the drive unit and the load, and / or by rotating a pump with a variable displacement backward.

[0035] The connection between the motor (especially a permanent magnet synchronous motor) and the drive can be configured to be coupled or switchable. This coupled or switchable connection allows the motor to be disconnected from the drive, thereby avoiding resistance losses in the motor—especially when the motor is not operating as a generator or a motor and the main drive is running.

[0036] The connection between the main drive unit (especially the internal combustion engine) and the transmission can be configured to be coupled or switchable. This allows road construction machinery to operate purely electrically. The electric motor (especially the permanent magnet synchronous motor) can operate as a motor and drive the transmission.

[0037] Road construction machinery may include a DC voltage network. Batteries may be arranged within the DC voltage network. Batteries may be connected to or connected to the DC voltage network. Motors may be connected to or connected to the DC voltage network. An ironing plate heating system may be arranged within the DC voltage network. The ironing plate heating system may be connected to or connected to the DC voltage network. A first power converter—particularly a first inverter—may be arranged between the ironing plate heating system and the DC voltage network. Furthermore, a first transformer may be arranged between the ironing plate heating system and the first power converter / inverter. An auxiliary drive unit may be arranged within the DC voltage network. The auxiliary drive unit may be connected to or connected to the DC voltage network. Additional power converters—particularly additional inverters—may be arranged between the auxiliary drive unit and the DC voltage network.

[0038] The screed heating system of road construction machinery can be powered by an electric motor and / or a battery. The auxiliary drive unit of the road construction machinery can also be powered by an electric motor and / or a battery. The auxiliary drive unit and / or screed heating system can be connected in series. The auxiliary drive unit and / or screed heating system can be connected separately in a manner that allows coupling to either an electric motor or a battery. The auxiliary drive unit and / or screed heating system can be connected in a manner that allows coupling to a DC voltage network.

[0039] Specifically, when operating as a generator, the motor can be configured to supply energy to a DC voltage network. Specifically, when operating as a motor, the motor can be configured to obtain energy from a DC voltage network. The DC voltage network can be configured to obtain energy from the motor and / or supply energy to the motor. The DC voltage network can be configured to obtain energy from a battery and / or supply energy to the battery.

[0040] When the motor operates as a generator, energy is transferred from the motor to the battery via a DC voltage network. When the motor operates as a motor, energy is transferred from the battery to the motor.

[0041] The battery can be directly connected to a DC voltage network.

[0042] Road construction machinery may include a first power converter, and in particular, a first inverter. The first power converter / inverter may be arranged between a DC voltage network (especially a battery) and an ironing plate heating system. Those skilled in the art will understand that "arranged between" specifically means that the components are connected (directly or indirectly) to two adjacent components. Therefore, the first power converter / inverter is connected to both the DC voltage network or the battery and the ironing plate heating system. The road construction machinery may also include a first transformer. The first transformer may be arranged between the first power converter / inverter and the ironing plate heating system.

[0043] Road construction machinery may include a first auxiliary drive unit, which is particularly arranged in or connected to a DC voltage network. The road construction machinery may include a second power converter, particularly a second inverter. The second power converter / inverter may be arranged between the DC voltage network (particularly a battery) and the first auxiliary drive unit. The first auxiliary drive unit may be powered by a battery and / or a motor.

[0044] Road construction machinery may include a second auxiliary drive unit, which is particularly arranged in or connected to a DC voltage network. The road construction machinery may include a third power converter, particularly a third inverter. The third power converter / inverter may be arranged between the DC voltage network (particularly a battery) and the second auxiliary drive unit. The second auxiliary drive unit may be powered by a battery and / or a motor.

[0045] Road construction machinery may include a third auxiliary drive unit, which is particularly arranged in or connected to a DC voltage network. The road construction machinery may include a fourth power converter, particularly a fourth inverter. The fourth power converter / inverter may be arranged between the DC voltage network (particularly a battery) and the third auxiliary drive unit. The third auxiliary drive unit may be powered by a battery and / or a motor.

[0046] Specifically, the first auxiliary drive device, the second auxiliary drive device, and / or the third auxiliary drive device are connected in parallel.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will understand that road construction machinery may include other auxiliary drive units and correspondingly other related power converters, particularly inverters. For example, road construction machinery may also include four, five, six, or more auxiliary drive units. These auxiliary drive units are particularly connected in parallel. The auxiliary drive units may be powered by batteries and / or motors.

[0048] Road construction machinery may include a first rectifier. This first rectifier may be positioned between an AC voltage network (e.g., a public power grid) and a DC voltage network (particularly a battery). The battery may be powered or charged by the DC voltage network. The motor may be powered or driven by the DC voltage network. The road construction machinery may be configured to connect to an AC voltage network.

[0049] Road construction machinery can be configured to connect to charging stations, particularly DC voltage charging stations. These charging stations are specifically connected to DC voltage networks. The batteries can then be charged via these DC voltage networks.

[0050] Road construction machinery may include a bidirectional power converter. This bidirectional power converter can be positioned between the DC voltage network (especially the battery), the ironing plate heating system, the auxiliary drive unit, the AC voltage network and / or the charging station and the motor.

[0051] Especially when the motor is operating as a motor, the bidirectional power converter can be configured to convert direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). When the motor is operating as a motor, the bidirectional power converter is supplied with DC power, particularly from a DC voltage network (especially from a battery), and converts it to AC power so that the motor can operate using the converted AC power.

[0052] Especially when the motor is operating as a generator, a bidirectional power converter can be configured to convert AC to DC. When the motor is operating as a generator, the bidirectional power converter receives AC power from the motor and converts it to DC to power batteries, ironing board heating systems, and / or auxiliary drive units. In addition to a bidirectional power converter, two independent power converters, particularly a rectifier and an inverter, can also be used.

[0053] A DC voltage network can be arranged between the motor and the battery. A DC voltage network can be arranged between the bidirectional power converter and the battery. A DC voltage network can be arranged separately between the motor or bidirectional power converter and the AC voltage network. A DC voltage network can be arranged separately between the motor or bidirectional power converter and the charging station. A DC voltage network can be arranged between the battery and the ironing board heating system. A DC voltage network can be arranged between the battery and one or more auxiliary drive devices. A DC voltage network can connect the motor or bidirectional power converter to the battery, the ironing board heating system, and / or the auxiliary drive devices, respectively. A DC voltage network can also connect the battery to the motor or bidirectional power converter, the ironing board heating system, and / or the auxiliary drive devices, respectively.

[0054] As described above, the first transformer can be arranged between the DC voltage network (particularly the battery or the first inverter) and the ironing plate heating system. In this case, the DC voltage network or bidirectional power converter is arranged between the ironing plate heating system and the motor. The ironing plate heating system is then powered, particularly via the DC voltage network. Alternatively, the ironing plate heating system can be arranged between the motor (particularly an externally excited synchronous motor) and the DC voltage network or the bidirectional power converter. The ironing plate heating system can be directly connected to the motor, particularly in a coupled manner. Especially when the motor is operating as a generator, the ironing plate heating system can then be powered directly by the motor, particularly by AC power. In this case, the first transformer can be arranged between the motor or the ironing plate heating system and the bidirectional power converter. The connection between the ironing plate heating system and the first transformer can be formed, particularly in a coupled manner. The connection between the motor and the first transformer can be formed, particularly in a coupled manner. The connection between the motor and the ironing plate heating system can be formed, particularly in a coupled manner. During paving stops, the motor can be disconnected from the ironing plate heating system or the DC voltage network, respectively. The ironing plate heating system can be an AC heating system or a DC heating system.

[0055] Road construction machinery may include a cooling system. The cooling system is configured to cool the motor.

[0056] The battery, motor, and / or cooling system can be fully integrated into the road construction machinery or installed separately therein. The battery and / or cooling system can be configured as modules. These modules can be attached to or mounted on the road construction machinery via coupling. Even with a modular design, the motor can be integrated into or mounted on the road construction machinery.

[0057] The road construction machinery may include a second transmission device, particularly a second transmission gear or a second pump transmission gear. The road construction machinery may include a second motor, particularly a motor. The second motor may be connected to a battery and / or a first motor. The second motor may be configured to drive the second transmission device. The second transmission device may be connected to an additional load. For example, the first transmission device may be connected to a pump, particularly a hydraulic pump. The first transmission device may be configured to drive the pump. The second transmission device may be connected to the travel drive mechanism of the road construction machinery. The second transmission device may be configured to drive the travel drive mechanism of the road construction machinery.

[0058] According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for operating road construction machinery includes at least a first step and a second step. The road construction machinery includes at least one main drive unit, at least one electric motor, and at least one transmission unit. In the first step, the transmission unit is driven by the main drive unit. In the first step, the electric motor can operate as a generator via the transmission unit. In the second step, the transmission unit is driven by the electric motor. In the second step, the electric motor operates as a motor. The first and second steps do not necessarily occur in chronological order. The first step can occur before or after the second step.

[0059] The road construction machinery is configured, in particular, to resemble the road construction machinery described in the first aspect of the invention. The road construction machinery may, in particular, be a paver or a paver feeder. In the second step, the main drive unit may be decoupled from the transmission unit.

[0060] When the motor operates as a generator, the battery of the road construction machinery can be charged, especially in the first step. The battery is charged using energy generated by the motor. When the motor operates as a motor, it operates using energy provided by the battery, especially in the second step. The energy stored in the battery when operating as a generator is used to drive the motor when operating as a motor.

[0061] Alternatively or additionally, the battery can be charged via a charging station (especially a DC charging station). Alternatively or additionally, the battery can also be charged via an AC voltage network (especially a public power grid), where AC power from the AC voltage network is first converted to DC power using a rectifier.

[0062] In the second step, when the motor is operating as a motor, the main drive unit can also drive the transmission. In this second step, the transmission is driven, particularly by the main drive unit and the motor. The motor's operation is especially used to compensate for load peaks. This allows for a smaller main drive unit.

[0063] When the motor is operating as a generator, or in the first step, the bidirectional power converter can be used as a rectifier. In the first step, the bidirectional power converter or the separate rectifier specifically converts alternating current (from the motor) into direct current (for a DC voltage network or battery).

[0064] When the motor is running as a motor, or in the second step, the bidirectional power converter can be used as an inverter. In the second step, the bidirectional power converter or the separate inverter specifically converts direct current (from a battery or DC voltage network) into alternating current (for the motor).

[0065] Road construction machinery may include a load, particularly the aforementioned screed heating system. While the road construction machinery is paving, the load may be connected to and powered by a motor. When the road construction machinery stops paving, the load may be disconnected from the motor and powered by a battery or a DC voltage network.

[0066] The method may further include providing power to a first auxiliary drive device, particularly via a DC voltage network. The method may also include providing power to a second auxiliary drive device, particularly via a DC voltage network. The method may further include providing power to a third auxiliary drive device, particularly via a DC voltage network. Those skilled in the art will understand that power may also be provided to other auxiliary drive devices.

[0067] When the motor operates as a generator, or in the first step, the first auxiliary drive device, the second auxiliary drive device, and / or the third auxiliary drive device (or other auxiliary drive devices) may be powered by the motor and / or the battery, respectively. When the motor operates as a motor, or in the second step, the first auxiliary drive device, the second auxiliary drive device, and / or the third auxiliary drive device (or other auxiliary drive devices) may be powered by the battery.

[0068] The method may also include converting the DC voltage from the DC voltage network or battery into AC voltage so that the auxiliary drive and / or ironing plate heating system can operate using AC voltage.

[0069] In the third step, the transmission device can be driven by the main drive device, and the motor can be decoupled from the transmission device. This particularly helps prevent resistance losses. The first, second, and / or third steps can be performed in any order. Other steps can be performed between the first, second, and / or third steps.

[0070] A third aspect of the invention includes the use of a parallel hybrid power drive system comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric motor in road construction machinery. This road construction machinery is, in particular, a paver. The road construction machinery can be configured according to a first aspect of the invention. The electric motor can, in particular, be configured to operate as both a motor and a generator.

[0071] The road construction machinery according to the first aspect of the invention can be used in conjunction with the method steps according to the second aspect of the invention. The method according to the second aspect of the invention can be performed using the road construction machinery according to the first aspect of the invention. The road construction machinery according to the first aspect of the invention can be used for the purposes of the third aspect of the invention.

[0072] In the description of the various embodiments and the appended claims, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise, the singular form shall be construed as including the plural form, and vice versa.

[0073] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and “fourth” are understood to refer only to specific elements or components and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or arrangement of said elements or components. For example, the presence of a fourth element does not necessarily imply the presence of the first, second, or third element, and vice versa. Attached Figure Description

[0074] The advantageous embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] Figure 1 A side view of a road construction machine (in the form of a paver) according to the present invention is shown.

[0076] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a drive system known in the prior art is shown.

[0077] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the drive system of road construction machinery according to the present invention is shown.

[0078] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the drive system of the road construction machinery according to the present invention is shown.

[0079] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the drive system of the road construction machinery according to the present invention is shown.

[0080] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the drive system of the road construction machinery according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0081] Figure 1 A side view of a road construction machine 1 (which takes the form of a paver) according to the invention is shown. The paver 1 is configured to produce a paving layer 2 on a roadbed 3. The paver 1 includes a material hopper 4 located forward along the paving travel direction 100, wherein the paving material 6 contained therein is conveyed by a material conveying device 5 in a direction opposite to the paving travel direction 100 to the paving screed 7 of the paver 1. The material conveying device 5 is arranged within the chassis 8 of the paver 1, which initially conveys the paving material 6 to a transverse distribution device 9 arranged in front of the paving screed 7 along the paving travel direction 100. The transverse distribution device 9 is configured to distribute the paving material 6 in a transverse direction to the front of the paving screed 7. The paver 1 may include a screed heating system 10, which is configured to heat the paving screed 7, particularly to a predetermined temperature. The paver also includes a drive system 11.

[0082] Figure 2A drive system 11 in the form of a series hybrid drive unit 900, known in the prior art, is schematically shown. This series hybrid drive unit includes a main drive unit 901 in the form of an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine 901 drives a generator 902. The AC voltage generated by the generator 902 is converted to DC voltage in a rectifier 903. The rectifier 903 is connected to a battery 905 via a DC-DC converter 904. The series hybrid drive unit 900 also includes an inverter 906 and a motor 907. The inverter 906 converts the DC voltage provided by the rectifier 903 or the battery 905 to AC voltage so that the motor 907 can operate using this AC voltage. The motor 907 is connected to and drives a transmission 908. A load 909 (which is, for example, in the form of a hydraulic pump) is arranged at the output of the transmission 908 and driven by the transmission 908. Figure 2 In the series hybrid drive system shown, mechanical energy is first generated by the internal combustion engine 901. Then, the mechanical energy is first converted into electrical energy by the generator 902. This electrical energy is then converted back into mechanical energy by the electric motor 907 and delivered to the hydraulic pump 909 via the transmission 908. In the hydraulic pump 909, the mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, which is then converted back into mechanical energy in the main load (e.g., the travel drive of the paver 1 or material conveying).

[0083] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the drive system 11 of a road construction machine 1 is shown. The drive system 11 includes a main drive unit 12 in the form of an internal combustion engine (e.g., a diesel or gasoline engine). The main drive unit 12 is connected to, and particularly detachably coupled to, a transmission 13 and is configured to drive the transmission 13. The transmission 13 may be a pump-driven gearbox. A motor 14 (particularly in the form of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PSM) 15) is arranged at the output end of the transmission 13. The motor 14 is detachably coupled to the transmission 13. Furthermore, at least one load 16 (particularly in the form of a hydraulic pump 17) is connected to and driven via the transmission 13. The at least one load 16 may, for example, be associated with or included in a travel drive or material conveying system.

[0084] The motor 14 is configured to operate as both a generator and a motor. When operating as a generator, the motor 14 generates alternating current, specifically, the alternating current originating from the mechanical energy transmitted to the motor 14 by the main drive unit 12 via the transmission unit 13.

[0085] Compared to the series drive system used in road construction machinery 1 known in the prior art, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mechanical energy generated by the main drive unit 12 in the drive system 11 according to the invention is not first converted into electrical energy, but is directly fed to the transmission unit 13.

[0086] The drive system 11 includes a power converter 18, which is specifically a bidirectional power converter. Alternatively, the power converter 18 can be formed by two separate inverters and rectifiers. When the motor 14 operates as a generator, the bidirectional power converter converts the AC voltage generated by the motor 14 into a DC voltage. A DC voltage network 20 is connected to the bidirectional power converter 18. The DC voltage network 20 connects the bidirectional power converter 18 to the battery 21 included in the paver 1. When the motor 14 operates as a generator, the battery 21 can be charged using the energy generated by the motor 14.

[0087] A first power converter 22 (which takes the form of a first inverter) can be connected to a DC voltage network 20. The first inverter 22 is connected to the screed heating system 10 of the paver 1 via a first transformer 23. The first inverter 22 converts the DC voltage in the DC voltage network 20 into AC voltage. The first transformer 23 converts the existing AC voltage into the AC voltage required by the screed heating system 10.

[0088] A second power converter 24 (which takes the form of a second inverter) can be connected to a DC voltage network 20. The second inverter 24 is connected to a first auxiliary drive unit 25 of the paver 1. The second inverter 24 converts the DC voltage in the DC voltage network 20 into AC voltage and supplies it to the first auxiliary drive unit 25. Those skilled in the art will understand that the road construction machinery 1 may include other auxiliary drive units. Figure 3 Two other auxiliary drive devices are shown as examples, as described below.

[0089] The third power converter 26 (which takes the form of a third inverter) can be connected to the DC voltage network 20. The third inverter 26 is connected to the second auxiliary drive unit 27 of the paver 1. The third inverter 26 converts the DC voltage in the DC voltage network 20 into AC voltage and transmits the AC voltage to the second auxiliary drive unit 27.

[0090] A fourth power converter 28 (which takes the form of a fourth inverter) can be connected to the DC voltage network 20. The fourth inverter 28 is connected to the third auxiliary drive unit 29 of the paver 1. The fourth inverter 28 converts the DC voltage in the DC voltage network 20 into AC voltage and transmits it to the third auxiliary drive unit 29. Those skilled in the art will understand that the road construction machinery 1 may include more auxiliary drive units. Depending on the required voltage type, the road construction machinery 1 may also include other power converters in the form of inverters.

[0091] The ironing board heating system 10 and / or one or more auxiliary drive devices 25, 27, 29 can operate using energy from the battery 21.

[0092] The paver 1 may also include a rectifier 30. The rectifier 30 is configured to convert AC voltage from AC voltage network 31 (particularly the public power grid) into DC voltage. The battery 21 can then be charged using energy from AC voltage network 31. The screed heating system 10 and / or one or more auxiliary drive units 25, 27, 29 can operate using energy from AC voltage network 31.

[0093] The paver 1 (particularly the DC voltage network 20) ​​can be configured to connect to a charging station 32 in the form of a DC charging station. The battery 21 can then be charged using energy provided by the charging station 32. The screed heating system 10 and / or one or more auxiliary drive units 25, 27, 29 can operate using energy from the charging station 32.

[0094] Auxiliary drive units 25, 27, and 29 are particularly electric auxiliary drive units. The ironing board heating system 10 and the auxiliary drive units 25, 27, and 29 are connected in parallel.

[0095] When the motor 14 (particularly the permanent magnet synchronous motor 15) operates as a motor, it is powered by energy supplied by the battery 21, the AC power grid 31, and / or the charging station 32. The motor 14 drives the transmission 13, particularly the pump drive gear. This can serve as a supplement to or alternative to the drive by the main drive unit 12.

[0096] Figure 4 A second embodiment of the drive system 11 of the road construction machinery 1 according to the present invention is shown. The DC voltage network 20 can be configured to... Figure 3 The embodiments are identical. The transmission device 13, bidirectional power converter 18, DC voltage network 20, battery 21, first power converter 22, first transformer 23, ironing plate heating system 10, second power converter 24, first auxiliary drive device 25, third power converter 26, second auxiliary drive device 27, fourth power converter 28, third auxiliary drive device 29, rectifier 30, AC voltage network 31 and / or charging station 32 (and combinations of these devices) can be configured and arranged to work with… Figure 3 The embodiments are the same.

[0097] and Figure 3 The implementation methods are different. Figure 4 In this embodiment, the main drive unit 12 and the motor 14 are not connected to the transmission unit 13 at different points. Figure 3Unlike the general design where the motor 14 is positioned at the output end of the transmission 13, the motor 14 is positioned between the main drive unit 12 and the transmission 13. The motor 14 specifically represents a crankshaft generator. This design offers advantages in terms of installation space. The main drive unit 12 can be an internal combustion engine 12, such as... Figure 3 As shown. Motor 14 can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor 15, such as... Figure 3 As shown. In this embodiment, motor 14 can also operate as a motor and a generator.

[0098] One or more loads 16, particularly one or more hydraulic pumps 17, can be configured to... Figure 3 The embodiments shown are the same.

[0099] Figure 5 A third embodiment of the drive system 11 of the road construction machinery 1 according to the present invention is shown. The DC voltage network 20 can be configured to... Figure 3 The embodiments shown are identical. The drive unit 13, bidirectional power converter 18, DC voltage network 20, battery 21, second power converter 24, second transformer 24, first auxiliary drive unit 25, third power converter 26, second auxiliary drive unit 27, fourth power converter 28, third auxiliary drive unit 29, rectifier 30, AC voltage network 31, and / or charging station 32 (and combinations thereof) can be configured and arranged to work with… Figure 3 The embodiment shown is the same. One or more loads 16, particularly one or more hydraulic pumps 17, can be configured to... Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment is the same. The main drive unit 12 can be an internal combustion engine 12, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0100] and Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, motor 14 is an externally excited synchronous motor (FSM) 33. This FSM 33 is located at the output of drive unit 13 and connected to drive unit 13. A first transformer 23 is positioned between the bidirectional power converter 18 and motor 14. The ironing board heating system 10 is directly connected to motor 14. The connection of the ironing board heating system 10 specifically allows it to be coupled to motor 14, and thus disconnected from motor 14. The connection of the first transformer 23 specifically allows it to be coupled to motor 14, thereby allowing it and the DC voltage network 20 to be disconnected from motor 14. The connection of the ironing board heating system 10 also allows it to be coupled to the first transformer 23.

[0101] During the paving process when paver 1 stops paving, motor 14 can be disconnected from first transformer 23, thereby disconnecting from bidirectional power converter 18. At this time, screed heating system 10 is connected to bidirectional power converter 18 via first transformer 23. Screed heating system 10 then obtains energy from battery 21.

[0102] In this embodiment, the motor 14 (especially the externally excited synchronous motor 33) can operate as either a generator or a motor. However, if the ironing board heating system 10 is operating simultaneously, the motor 14 (especially the externally excited synchronous motor 33) cannot operate as a motor.

[0103] Figure 6 Another embodiment of the drive system 11 of the road construction machinery 1 according to the present invention is shown, and represents a further embodiment of the drive system 11 of the road construction machinery 1 according to the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 Improvements to the illustrated embodiment. Based on Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment demonstrates this improvement by way of example. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the same applies to [other applications]. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The example shown.

[0104] The drive system includes a fifth inverter 34 connected to a DC voltage network 20. The fifth inverter 34 converts the DC voltage in the DC voltage network 20 into an AC voltage. A motor 35 is connected, in particular, to the fifth inverter 34 in a coupled manner. The motor 35 is powered by a motor 14 and / or a battery 21, particularly via the DC voltage network 20. Alternatively or additionally, the motor 35 may also be powered by a charging station 32 and / or an AC voltage network 31, particularly via the DC voltage network 20. The motor 35 drives a second transmission 36. The second transmission 13 may be a pump-driven gear. The second transmission 36 may be configured to be the same as transmission 13. Alternatively, the second transmission 36 may be configured to be different from transmission 13. At least one additional load 37 is arranged at the output of the second transmission 36. At least one additional load 37 can be coupled to the second transmission 36. At least one load 37 may be a hydraulic pump. At least one additional load 37 is powered by the motor 35 via the second transmission 36. Multiple additional loads 37 can be connected to the second drive unit 36, in particular, in a coupled manner.

[0105] The fifth inverter 34, motor 35, second transmission 36, and at least one auxiliary load 37 are specifically referred to as electric auxiliary drive unit 38. This electric auxiliary drive unit 38 is connected to the motor 14 and / or battery 21 via a DC voltage network 20. The road construction machinery 1 may include multiple electric auxiliary drive units 38, such as two, three, or four. All auxiliary drive units 38 can be individually (in series) connected to the DC voltage network 20. Figure 6 Only one electric auxiliary drive unit 38 is shown as an example. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The illustrated embodiment can also be extended to include one or more electric auxiliary drive units 38.

Claims

1. A road construction machine (1), comprising: Main drive unit (12). Motor (14) Transmission device (13), and At least one load (16) is connected to the transmission device (13). in, The main drive unit (12) and the motor (14) are also connected to the transmission unit (13). Its features are, The motor (14) is configured to operate as both a generator and a motor.

2. The road construction machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The road construction machinery mentioned is a paver or a material feeder.

3. The road construction machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main drive unit (12) and the motor (14) are connected to the transmission unit (13) in a force transmission, power transmission and / or energy transmission manner.

4. The road construction machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main drive unit (12) and the motor (14) are directly connected to or connected to the transmission unit (13) via a clutch, respectively; or, the motor (14) is directly connected to or connected to the transmission unit (13) via a clutch, and the main drive unit (12) is indirectly connected to the transmission unit (13) via the motor (14).

5. The road construction machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clutch is a hydraulic clutch and / or a friction clutch.

6. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, No electrical energy conversion occurs between the main drive unit (12) and the transmission unit (13).

7. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The road construction machinery (1) includes a battery (21), wherein the motor (14) is configured to charge the battery (21) using the generated energy, and / or the motor (14) is configured to operate using energy from the battery (21).

8. The road construction machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery (21) is a high-voltage battery.

9. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The main drive unit (12) drives the transmission unit (13) mechanically and / or hydraulically.

10. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The main drive unit (12) includes an internal combustion engine.

11. The road construction machinery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, a hydrogen fuel engine, a gas engine, or a gasoline engine.

12. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The motor (14) is an electromechanical converter.

13. The road construction machinery according to claim 12, characterized in that, The electromechanical converter is a permanent magnet synchronous motor (15), an asynchronous motor, a reluctance motor, an externally excited synchronous motor (33), or a combination thereof.

14. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The at least one load (16) includes a pump (17) with variable or constant displacement, a walking drive, a lateral distribution device and / or a material conveying device, and the load (16) can be connected to the output of the transmission device (13).

15. The road construction machinery according to claim 14, characterized in that, The load (16) is connected to the output of the transmission device (13) in a coupling manner.

16. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The road construction machinery (1) includes a DC voltage network (20) that supplies energy to the ironing plate heating system (10) and / or the auxiliary drive devices (25, 27, 29) of the road construction machinery (1), wherein the DC voltage network (20) is powered by the motor (14) and / or the battery (21).

17. The road construction machinery according to claim 16, characterized in that, The screed heating system (10) of the road construction machinery (1) is arranged between the motor (14) and the DC voltage network (20), wherein the screed heating system (10) is connected by means of coupling between the motor (14) and the DC voltage network (20), or by means of direct coupling to the motor (14).

18. The road construction machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The road construction machinery (1) includes a screed heating system (10), wherein the screed heating system (10) is powered by the motor (14) and / or the battery (21).

19. The road construction machinery according to claim 18, characterized in that, The road construction machinery (1) is configured such that, in the paving state, the motor (14) provides energy to the screed heating system (10); and, in the process of stopping paving, the road construction machinery (1) is configured such that, in the process of stopping paving, the battery (21) provides energy to the screed heating system (10).

20. A method for operating road construction machinery (1), said road construction machinery (1) comprising at least one main drive unit (12), at least one electric motor (14) and at least one transmission unit (13), wherein: - In the first step, the transmission device (13) is driven by the main drive device (12), and the motor (14) operates as a generator via the transmission device (13); and - In the second step, the motor (14) operates as a motor, and the transmission device (13) is driven by the motor (14).

21. The method for operating road construction machinery according to claim 20, characterized in that: When the motor (14) is running as a generator, the battery (21) of the road construction machinery (1) is charged; and when the motor (14) is running as a motor, the motor (14) operates using energy from the battery (21).

22. The method for operating road construction machinery according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The road construction machinery (1) includes a load, wherein, in the paving state of the road construction machinery (1), the load is connected to the motor (14) and powered by the motor (14); during the paving process of the road construction machinery (1), the load is disconnected from the motor (14) and powered by the battery (21).

23. The method for operating road construction machinery according to claim 22, characterized in that, The load is the ironing plate heating system (10).

24. The method for operating road construction machinery according to any one of claims 20 to 21, characterized in that, In the third step, the transmission device (13) is driven by the main drive device (12), and the motor (14) is decoupled from the transmission device (13).

25. Use of a parallel hybrid drive unit comprising an internal combustion engine (12) and an electric motor (14), and used in road construction machinery (1).

26. The use of the parallel hybrid power drive device according to claim 25, characterized in that, The road construction machinery (1) is a paver (1).

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