A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device and method for coal mine ground

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas detection, and provides a coal mine ground multistage dynamic sealing gas taking device and method, which comprises a sleeve, the bottom of the sleeve is located in a target goaf, and the top of the sleeve is communicated with a gate valve; a dynamic sealing assembly comprises an assembly shell, both ends of the assembly shell are respectively provided with openings, one end opening of the assembly shell is communicated with the sleeve through the gate valve, and a multistage sealing mechanism is arranged in the assembly shell; the multistage sealing mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of elastic sealing assemblies and a shape memory self-adaptive sealing assembly which are sequentially arranged along the axis of the assembly shell; the plurality of layers of elastic sealing assemblies and the shape memory self-adaptive sealing assembly are used for plugging the assembly shell and adhering to the outer wall of a gas taking beam tube when the gas taking beam tube passes through the assembly shell. The gas taking device can not only effectively seal off the toxic and harmful gas in the borehole, prevent its external leakage and ensure the safety of operation, but also completely isolate the external atmosphere and ensure the authenticity of the collected gas sample and the accuracy of the data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine gas detection technology, and particularly relates to a multi-stage dynamic sealing gas sampling device and method for coal mine ground. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine gas extraction, underground goaf fire control, geological disaster early warning, and mine gas monitoring, it is often necessary to collect gas samples from deep strata or goaf areas through surface boreholes for analysis. Traditional collection methods typically involve directly opening the borehole gate valve and inserting the gas sampling tube. This operation has the following problems: harmful gases such as methane and carbon monoxide often accumulate inside the borehole, which can suddenly gush out when the valve is opened, posing a safety threat to on-site operators; external air can easily enter the borehole through the gap between the tube and the borehole opening, causing dilution or contamination of the collected gas components, seriously affecting the authenticity and reliability of the gas data; ordinary sealing structures cannot maintain an effective seal during the dynamic insertion and removal of the tube, especially when the tube has slight oscillations or different diameters, further reducing the sealing effect.

[0003] Currently, although some borehole sealing devices exist, most are still static sealing designs, which cannot adapt to the dynamic pipe-driving process. Furthermore, they are complex in structure and inconvenient to operate, making it difficult to ensure both sealing and operational efficiency and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage dynamic sealing gas sampling device and method for coal mine surfaces, in order to solve the technical problems that when the borehole gate valve is opened for gas sampling, harmful gases in the borehole can easily rush out and endanger personnel safety, and that external air can easily enter the borehole, causing gas sample contamination and data distortion.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces, comprising: A casing, the bottom of which is located in the target goaf area, and a gate valve connected to the top of which; A dynamic sealing assembly includes a component housing with openings at both ends. One end of the component housing is connected to the sleeve via a gate valve. The component housing contains a multi-stage sealing mechanism, which includes a multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and a shape memory adaptive sealing assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the component housing. The multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and the shape memory adaptive sealing assembly are used to seal the component housing and fit against the outer wall of the gas intake tube when the gas intake tube passes through the component housing.

[0006] Preferably, a main flange seat is fixedly connected to the side of the gate valve away from the sleeve, a sealing plate is fixedly connected inside the main flange seat, a central through hole is provided on the sealing plate, and one end of the component housing is sealed to the central through hole.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-layer elastic sealing assembly includes a plurality of elastic sealing sheets disposed within the assembly housing. The plurality of elastic sealing sheets are arranged sequentially along the axis of the assembly housing. The elastic sealing sheets are used to seal the interior of the assembly housing. When the gas intake tube passes through the elastic sealing sheet, the elastic sealing sheet is in contact with the outer wall of the gas intake tube.

[0008] Preferably, the shape memory adaptive sealing assembly includes a memory material disposed within the assembly housing, the memory material being used to seal the interior of the assembly housing, and when the gas extraction tube passes through the memory material, the memory material is in contact with the outer wall of the gas extraction tube.

[0009] Preferably, the memory material is disposed on the side of the component housing near the gate valve, and the plurality of elastic sealing sheets are disposed on the side of the component housing away from the gate valve.

[0010] Preferably, the memory material is a polymer or alloy material with shape memory and high elastic recovery properties.

[0011] Preferably, a cap is detachably connected to the opening at one end of the component housing away from the closure plate.

[0012] Preferably, a flange is fixedly connected to the end of the casing away from the target goaf, and the gate valve is fixedly connected to the casing through the flange.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a protective casing, which is installed in a ground borehole, and the casing penetrates the protective casing and extends into the target goaf.

[0014] A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction method for coal mine surface includes the following operation steps: Open the gate valve; One end of the gas extraction bundle is sequentially passed through a multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and a shape memory adaptive sealing assembly, and then extended into the bottom target goaf area of ​​the casing through a gate valve to begin gas extraction. After gas sampling is completed, remove the gas sampling tube from the component housing and close the gate valve.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: 1. The gas sampling device of the present invention achieves dynamic, bidirectional, and reliable sealing of the gas sampling tube throughout the entire process of insertion, sampling, and extraction by means of a dual-stage collaborative sealing mechanism brought about by the follow-up guidance of the multi-layer elastic sealing component and the adaptive tightening of the shape memory adaptive sealing component in the dynamic sealing component.

[0016] 2. The gas sampling device of the present invention can not only effectively seal off toxic and harmful gases in the borehole to prevent them from leaking out and ensure operational safety, but also completely isolate the external atmosphere to ensure the authenticity of the collected gas samples and the accuracy of the data. It has a compact structure, is easy to operate, and is highly safe. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gas extraction device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the image; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part B in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the changes in the internal structure of the component housing during the tube insertion process of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. gate valve; 2. flange; 3. gate plate; 4. protective pipe; 5. sleeve; 6. cap; 7. threaded connection hole; 8. component housing; 9. elastic sealing plate; 10. memory material; 11. weld seam; 12. main flange seat; 13. bolt hole; 14. sealing plate; 15. gas take-up tube. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-4 This invention provides a multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces, comprising: Casing 5, the bottom of casing 5 is located in the target goaf area, and the top of casing 5 is connected to gate valve 1; The dynamic sealing assembly includes a component housing 8, with openings at both ends. One end of the component housing 8 is connected to the sleeve 5 via a gate valve 1. The component housing 8 is equipped with a multi-stage sealing mechanism, which includes a multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and a shape memory adaptive sealing assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the component housing 8. The multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and the shape memory adaptive sealing assembly are used to seal the component housing 8 and fit against the outer wall of the gas intake tube 15 when the gas intake tube 15 passes through the component housing 8.

[0023] The bottom of casing 5 is located in the target goaf area, and its main function is to prevent borehole collapse, thus protecting the borehole wall and preventing borehole subsidence. The main function of gate valve 1 is to act as a switch to control the connection between the device and the borehole. In the non-sampling state, it cuts off the connection between the casing and the outside world to prevent the continuous leakage of harmful gases. During sampling, it opens to allow the gas sampling tube to enter the borehole. The main function of component housing 8 is to provide installation support and protection space for the multi-stage sealing mechanism. Its two ends are connected to the gate valve and the external environment, forming a channel for the gas sampling tube to pass through. The main function of the multi-layer elastic sealing component is to act as the first-stage dynamic sealing structure. When the gas sampling tube passes through, it bends and fits tightly against the tube wall to achieve guidance and initial sealing, preventing harmful gases from leaking out along the gaps in the tube wall. The main function of the shape memory adaptive sealing component is to act as the second-stage dynamic sealing structure. It utilizes the characteristic of shape memory material to shrink rapidly after being compressed, and adaptively wraps tightly around the tube wall when the gas sampling tube passes through, forming a high-pressure sealing barrier to further isolate gas leakage. In this embodiment, a two-stage collaborative sealing mechanism is formed by sequentially arranging multi-layer elastic sealing components and shape memory adaptive sealing components along the axial direction. This achieves bidirectional dynamic sealing of the gas sampling tube throughout the entire process of insertion, sampling, and extraction. This not only prevents harmful gases from leaking out of the borehole and causing injury, but also prevents external air from entering the borehole and contaminating the gas sample. The main function of the gas sampling tube 15 is as a gas collection and delivery channel. After penetrating the borehole, it guides the gas from the goaf along the tube bundle to the ground detection equipment, enabling long-distance and safe gas sampling. Overall, the gas sampling device of this invention not only effectively seals off toxic and harmful gases inside the borehole, preventing leakage and ensuring operational safety, but also completely isolates the external atmosphere, ensuring the authenticity of the collected gas samples and the accuracy of the data. It features a compact structure, simple operation, and high safety.

[0024] In a further optimized design, a main flange seat 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the gate valve 1 away from the sleeve 5. A sealing plate 14 is fixedly connected inside the main flange seat 12. A central through hole is provided on the sealing plate 14. One end of the component housing 8 is sealed to the central through hole.

[0025] In this embodiment, the main flange seat 12 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 5 with bolts through multiple bolt holes 13. At the same time, the end of the component housing 8 near the sealing plate 14 is welded to the central through hole through the weld seam 11, thereby realizing the connection between the component housing 8 and the gate valve 1.

[0026] The scheme is further optimized. The multi-layer elastic sealing assembly includes multiple elastic sealing sheets 9 disposed inside the assembly housing 8. The multiple elastic sealing sheets 9 are arranged sequentially along the axis of the assembly housing 8. The elastic sealing sheets 9 are used to seal the inside of the assembly housing 8. When the gas intake tube 15 passes through the elastic sealing sheet 9, the elastic sealing sheet 9 is in contact with the outer wall of the gas intake tube 15.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, three sets of elastic sealing sheets 9 are sequentially arranged along the axis of the component housing 8. The elastic sealing sheets 9 are made of silicone rubber and are composed of multiple sub-sealing sheets. Each sub-sealing sheet has a V-shaped or conical structure, with its small end facing the axis and its large end fixedly connected to the inner wall of the component housing 8. Each layer of elastic sealing sheets 9 is composed of multiple sub-sealing sheets stacked in a staggered manner. When the gas intake tube 15 passes through, the elastic sealing sheets 9 bend accordingly and conform to the tube wall of the gas intake tube 15, achieving guidance and initial sealing. The main function of the elastic sealing sheets 9 is to guide and initially seal, establishing a sealing barrier in the early stages of tube insertion.

[0028] Further optimization of the scheme: the shape memory adaptive sealing component includes a memory material 10 disposed inside the component housing 8. The memory material 10 is used to seal the inside of the component housing 8. When the gas intake tube 15 passes through the memory material 10, the memory material 10 is in contact with the outer wall of the gas intake tube 15.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the shape memory material 10 undergoes instantaneous elastic deformation when the gas intake tube 15 passes through it, and immediately recovers after the gas intake tube 15 passes through, achieving continuous and tight wrapping of the gas intake tube 15. The main function of the shape memory material 10 is to rapidly contract after the gas intake tube 15 passes through to fit tightly against the tube wall, forming a high-pressure adaptive seal.

[0030] In a further optimized design, the memory material 10 is placed on the side of the component housing 8 near the gate valve 1, and multiple elastic sealing sheets 9 are placed on the side of the component housing 8 away from the gate valve 1.

[0031] Multiple elastic sealing plates 9 and memory material 10 complement each other to ensure dynamic, bidirectional reliable sealing of the bundle tube throughout the entire process of insertion, sampling and extraction.

[0032] To further optimize the design, the memory material 10 is selected from polymer or alloy materials with shape memory and high elastic recovery properties.

[0033] The design is further optimized by attaching a cap 6 to the opening at the end of the component housing 8 that is away from the sealing plate 14.

[0034] In a further optimized embodiment, the opening at the end of the component housing 8 away from the sealing plate 14 is set as a threaded connection hole 7, and the cap 6 is detachably connected to the component housing 8 through the threaded connection hole 7 to achieve a seal on the threaded connection hole 7.

[0035] The scheme is further optimized so that the end of the casing 5 away from the target goaf is fixedly connected to the flange 2, and the gate valve 1 is fixedly connected to the casing 5 through the flange 2.

[0036] Further optimization of the plan also includes a protective casing 4, which is installed in a ground borehole, and a casing 5 that penetrates the protective casing 4 and extends into the target goaf.

[0037] Example 2: A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction method for coal mine surface includes the following operation steps: Open gate valve 1; One end of the gas extraction bundle 15 is sequentially passed through the multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and the shape memory adaptive sealing assembly, and then extended into the bottom target goaf area of ​​the casing 5 through the gate valve 1 to start the gas extraction operation. After gas sampling is completed, the gas sampling tube 15 is removed from the component housing 8 and the gate valve 1 is closed.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the ground drilling is completed, the borehole opening is externally protected by a protective pipe 4. A sleeve 5 is installed inside the protective pipe, and the top of the sleeve 5 is connected to the gate valve 1 via a flange 2. The main flange seat 12 is connected to the gate valve 1, forming an initial seal between the component housing 8 and the gate valve 1. When taking gas, first rotate the gate valve 1 to open the gate plate 3, then remove the cap 6, and insert the gas taking bundle tube 15 into the component housing 8 through the threaded connection hole 7. As the gas taking bundle tube 15 penetrates downward, the three sets of elastic sealing plates 9 first bend and fit against the tube wall of the gas taking bundle tube 15 to achieve guidance and initial sealing. Then, when the gas taking bundle tube 15 passes through the memory material 10, the memory material 10 elastically expands to allow the gas taking bundle tube 15 to pass through, and then quickly contracts after the gas taking bundle tube 15 passes through, tightly wrapping the gas taking bundle tube 15 to form an adaptive seal. The aforementioned double sealing structure effectively prevents harmful gases from leaking out of the borehole and prevents external air from entering the borehole during the entire process of inserting and removing the gas sampling tube 15 and sampling, thereby ensuring personnel safety and the authenticity of gas sampling data.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surface, characterized in that, include: The casing (5) has its bottom located in the target goaf area and its top connected to a gate valve (1). The dynamic sealing assembly includes a component housing (8), with openings at both ends of the component housing (8). One end of the component housing (8) is connected to the sleeve (5) through the gate valve (1). The component housing (8) is provided with a multi-stage sealing mechanism. The multi-stage sealing mechanism includes a multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and a shape memory adaptive sealing assembly arranged sequentially along the axis of the component housing (8). The multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and the shape memory adaptive sealing assembly are used to seal the component housing (8) and fit against the outer wall of the gas extraction tube (15) when the gas extraction tube (15) passes through the component housing (8).

2. The multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gate valve (1) is fixedly connected to a main flange seat (12) on the side away from the sleeve (5). A sealing plate (14) is fixedly connected inside the main flange seat (12). A central through hole is provided on the sealing plate (14). One end of the component housing (8) is sealed to the central through hole.

3. The multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer elastic sealing assembly includes multiple elastic sealing sheets (9) disposed inside the assembly housing (8). The multiple elastic sealing sheets (9) are arranged sequentially along the axis of the assembly housing (8). The elastic sealing sheets (9) are used to seal the interior of the assembly housing (8). When the gas extraction tube (15) passes through the elastic sealing sheet (9), the elastic sealing sheet (9) is in contact with the outer wall of the gas extraction tube (15).

4. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surface as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The shape memory adaptive sealing assembly includes a memory material (10) disposed within the assembly housing (8). The memory material (10) is used to seal the interior of the assembly housing (8). When the gas extraction tube (15) passes through the memory material (10), the memory material (10) is in contact with the outer wall of the gas extraction tube (15).

5. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The memory material (10) is disposed on the side of the component housing (8) near the gate valve (1), and a plurality of the elastic sealing pieces (9) are disposed on the side of the component housing (8) away from the gate valve (1).

6. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The memory material (10) is selected from polymer or alloy materials with shape memory and high elastic recovery properties.

7. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cap (6) is detachably connected to the opening at one end of the component housing (8) away from the closing plate (14).

8. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the casing (5) away from the target goaf is fixedly connected to a flange (2), and the gate valve (1) is fixedly connected to the casing (5) through the flange (2).

9. A multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for coal mine surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protective pipe (4), which is installed in a ground borehole, and the casing (5) penetrates the protective pipe (4) and extends into the target goaf area.

10. A method for multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction on the surface of a coal mine, based on the multi-stage dynamic sealing gas extraction device for the surface of a coal mine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The following are the operating methods: Open the gate valve (1); One end of the gas extraction bundle (15) is sequentially passed through the multi-layer elastic sealing assembly and the shape memory adaptive sealing assembly, and then extended into the bottom target goaf area of ​​the casing (5) through the gate valve (1) to start the gas extraction operation; After gas sampling is completed, the gas sampling tube (15) is removed from the component housing (8), and the gate valve (1) is closed.

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