A starter and its one-way clutch and one-way clutch assembly method

Abstract

A starter and its one-way device and one-way device assembly method, the starter comprises a one-way device which is an integral assembly with a driving shaft of the starter, the driving shaft is provided with a helical spline part, a straight spline part and a limiting clamping groove, the helical spline part is located at the middle part of the driving shaft, the straight spline part is located at the front end of the driving shaft, and the limiting clamping groove is arranged at one end of the helical spline part close to the straight spline part; the one-way device comprises: a sliding seat coaxially provided with a helical spline through hole and a gear shaft step mounting hole, the driving shaft passes through the helical spline through hole, the helical spline part and the helical spline through hole are connected through the helical spline and slide relative to each other; a gear shaft coaxially provided with an inner mounting blind hole, the inner mounting blind hole is provided with an inner straight spline, the driving shaft is inserted into the inner mounting blind hole, and the straight spline part is engaged with the inner straight spline; the gear shaft is inserted into the gear shaft step mounting hole; and an elastic limiting structure is mounted in the limiting clamping groove. The application also provides an assembly method of the one-way device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a starter motor, and more particularly to a starter motor, its one-way valve, and a one-way valve assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing starter motor one-way switches typically come in two structures: rotating and ejecting (with unequal spline numbers) and rotating but not ejecting (with equal spline numbers). The rotating and ejecting one-way switch structure is the most common, widely used, and simple. A typical rotating and ejecting one-way switch-drive shaft structure includes a slide within the one-way switch assembly. The slide has a cup-shaped structure with a multi-lobed irregular curved surface on the upper part and a helical spline structure on the lower part. The drive shaft assembly is a rod-shaped structure with a partial helical spline structure along its axial direction. The one-way switch assembly and the drive shaft assembly are connected by a helical spline. The number of splines (n) in the one-way switch is typically 6-7 lobes; the number of splines in the drive shaft is typically 2n (12-14 lobes), with only 6 or 7 actually effective working splines. The conventional assembly method for existing structures is to first assemble the one-way switch assembly, and then screw the drive shaft assembly into the one-way switch assembly. The one-way switch assembly and the drive shaft assembly are independent of each other. Because of its helical spline connection, all n-lobed splines within the slide are load-bearing splines; the drive shaft assembly has 2n-lobed splines, of which n-lobed splines are load-bearing splines, and the remaining n-lobed splines are mounting splines. The load-bearing splines are the primary load-bearing structure, subject to significant loads and relative sliding, while the mounting splines are only used for assembling the one-way valve assembly and the drive shaft assembly and do not participate in load transfer. The axial overlap length between the slide splines and the drive shaft splines gradually increases from the rest position to the extended position. If the overlap length is too low during the extended position, jamming can easily occur under abnormal impact; both the one-way valve and the drive shaft have a hard-limiting relationship, resulting in mechanical impact during operation.

[0003] During assembly, first align the bearing spline of the slide of the one-way clutch assembly with the mounting spline of the drive shaft component, and screw it axially into the bottom of the limit position. At this point, the drive shaft spline and the slide spline can completely avoid each other axially, creating an axial installation clearance. After the drive shaft spline and the slide spline have been screwed in and created the axial installation clearance, keep the drive shaft stationary and rotate the one-way clutch assembly by a certain angle, changing the "drive shaft mounting spline - slide bearing spline" fit to a "drive bearing bearing spline - slide bearing spline" fit. Then, axially pull apart the "one-way clutch assembly - drive shaft assembly," and after the drive shaft limit surface contacts the slide limit surface, both are axially limited and fixed. In the static state, the spline overlap length of this structure is less than the spline overlap length in the deployed state, and the difference is significant. During the deployment process of the one-way clutch, the drive shaft spline length gradually becomes the spline overlap length in the deployed state.

[0004] There are three states when the starter's pinion engages with the engine flywheel: State I: The flywheel is stationary, the pinion rotates and engages, the engagement spring is not compressed, and the starter can rotate the engine normally; State II: The flywheel is stationary, the pinion rotates and engages, first the teeth are engaged, then the engagement spring is compressed, the pinion rotates a certain angle and then engages, and the starter can rotate the engine normally; State III: The flywheel swings and its speed is not zero, the pinion rotates and engages, and the two rotation speeds may be opposite. At this time, violent tooth knocking occurs, the pinion collidees, and the helical spline in the entire transmission system has no limit at this time. Under the impact, it will experience high load relative friction and slippage, which will lead to damage to the helical spline.

[0005] In summary, the existing structure has the following main problems:

[0006] 1) From the stationary position to the ejected position, the axial overlap of the spiral spline gradually increases. The spline overlap in the stationary position is too low. During the ejection process, if an abnormal impact is encountered, the excessively short axial overlap will cause some splines to fail prematurely.

[0007] 2) The one-way valve's release position relies on the hard contact limit between the six-lobed spline slope of the drive shaft and the spline slope of the one-way valve slide. In actual use, there is a large impact contact, which can easily cause damage at the contact position, leading to limit failure, spline jamming, and ultimately starter failure.

[0008] 3) The spiral spline is only mechanically limited in the initial and final stationary positions. It cannot be limited during the relative movement of the spiral spline. If an impact occurs during this process, it is prone to high-load impact wear.

[0009] 4) Limiting impact occurs during the ejection process, which can easily damage the ejection mechanism of the starter motor. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a starter motor, its one-way valve, and a one-way valve assembly method, in order to address the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a one-way device, mounted on a starter motor, wherein the one-way device and the drive shaft of the starter motor are integrally assembled. The drive shaft is provided with a helical spline portion, a straight spline portion, and a limiting groove. The helical spline portion is located in the middle of the drive shaft, the straight spline portion is located at the front end of the drive shaft, and the limiting groove is located at the end of the helical spline portion near the straight spline portion. The one-way device includes:

[0012] The slide is coaxially provided with a spiral spline through hole and a gear shaft stepped mounting hole. The drive shaft passes through the spiral spline through hole, and the spiral spline part and the spiral spline through hole are connected by a spiral spline and slide relative to each other.

[0013] A gear shaft is coaxially provided with an internal mounting blind hole, and an internal straight spline is provided within the internal mounting blind hole. The drive shaft is inserted into the internal mounting blind hole, and the straight spline portion meshes with the internal straight spline. The gear shaft is also inserted into a gear shaft stepped mounting hole.

[0014] An elastic limiting structure is installed in the limiting slot.

[0015] In the aforementioned one-way device, the elastic limiting structure includes a retaining ring and a retaining ring, which are fitted onto the drive shaft. The retaining ring is axially pressed into the limiting groove, and the limiting groove has an inclined surface on the side near the retaining ring. There is an elastic limiting gap radially between the retaining ring and the retaining ring, and the retaining ring can move axially between the inclined surface of the retaining ring and the limiting groove.

[0016] In the aforementioned one-way device, the overlap length of the spiral spline between the spiral spline portion and the spiral spline through hole in the static state is equal to the overlap length of the spiral spline in the outgoing state. The overlap length of the inner straight spline and the straight spline between the inner straight spline and the straight spline in the static state is greater than 3mm and less than the overlap length of the spiral spline between the spiral spline portion and the spiral spline through hole in the static state.

[0017] In the aforementioned one-way device, the slide block is further provided with a roller spring mounting cavity, and a roller is provided in the roller spring mounting cavity. The outer cylindrical surface of the gear shaft contacts the cylindrical surface of the roller.

[0018] In the aforementioned one-way device, the roller spring mounting cavity includes multiple irregularly shaped cavities, each of which is equipped with a spring assembly, and the rollers are mounted one-to-one with the spring assemblies.

[0019] In the aforementioned one-way device, the ends of the internal straight spline of the gear shaft and the straight spline portion are respectively set as inclined surfaces to ensure re-meshing after the internal straight spline and the straight spline portion are axially separated.

[0020] In the aforementioned one-way device, the end face of the slide is further provided with a cover plate and a cover, the gear shaft passes through the central through hole of the cover plate, and the cover undergoes radial structural deformation through riveting to ensure a stable connection between the cover and the slide.

[0021] In the aforementioned one-way device, a buffer anti-collision structure is further provided on the gear shaft, and the buffer anti-collision structure is disposed between the cover plate and the drive end cover of the starter motor.

[0022] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for assembling a one-way device, wherein the installation of the one-way device includes the following steps:

[0023] S100, The drive shaft passes through the spiral spline through hole of the slide block, and the spiral spline part of the drive shaft is connected to the spiral spline through hole by a spiral spline and slides relative to each other;

[0024] S200: After the spiral spline portion of the drive shaft slides relative to the spiral spline through hole for a set distance, the retaining ring and retaining ring are sequentially fitted onto the drive shaft from the other end of the slide block.

[0025] S300, The retaining ring is axially pressed into the limiting groove of the drive shaft. The retaining ring is located between the retaining ring and the slide block, and can only move axially between the retaining ring and the slide block to form an elastic limit.

[0026] S400. Install the spring onto the spring support to form a spring assembly. Then, install the spring assembly into the roller spring mounting cavity of the slide in sequence, and place the rollers in sequence, with each roller corresponding to a spring assembly.

[0027] S500. The gear shaft is installed into the gear shaft step mounting hole of the slide block. The gear shaft is coaxial with the drive shaft. The gear shaft is coaxial with the gear shaft step mounting hole. The outer cylindrical surface of the gear shaft is in contact with the cylindrical surface of the roller. The inner straight spline of the gear shaft is engaged with the straight spline of the drive shaft.

[0028] S600, inject grease into the plurality of irregular cavities respectively, pass the gear shaft through the central through hole of the cover plate, and install the cover plate to fit against the end face of the slide; and

[0029] S700. The cover is stacked on the cover plate, and the cover is radially deformed by riveting to ensure a stable connection between the cover and the slide.

[0030] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a starter motor, which includes the one-way valve described above and is installed using the assembly method of the one-way valve described above.

[0031] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0032] 1) The one-way actuator and drive shaft no longer adopt a separate assembly structure, and the assembly method of insertion and rotation is eliminated. An integrated assembly structure is adopted.

[0033] 2) It increases the effective working number of splines and the spline overlap in the stationary position, ensuring that the spline overlap remains stable from the stationary position to the maximum output position. That is, the spline overlap length in the stationary state is equal to the spline overlap length in the output state, which can be within a large safe value.

[0034] 3) The limiting structure of the one-way valve and drive shaft has been optimized, reducing the possibility of impact damage to components;

[0035] 4) Multiple spline connection methods are used in the one-way coupling and drive shaft connection. Different spline load-bearing methods are achieved in the meshing stage by using different spline axial connection lengths.

[0036] 5) A buffer and anti-collision structure is set at the front end of the one-way device to change the resultant force during the firing process and reduce the impact.

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a starter structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a one-way device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a one-way device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a gear shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a drive shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the stationary limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the ejection state limiting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stationary position of a one-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limit state position of a one-way device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Among them, the attached reference numerals

[0048] 1 stator

[0049] 2 armatures

[0050] 3 drive shafts

[0051] 31 limit card slots

[0052] 32 Helical Spline Section

[0053] 33 straight spline section

[0054] 4 small gears

[0055] 5 one-way units

[0056] 51 Gear Shaft

[0057] 511 Internal blind hole installation

[0058] 512 Internal Straight Spline

[0059] 52 slides

[0060] 521 Spiral Spline Through Hole

[0061] 522 Gear Shaft Step Mounting Hole

[0062] 523 Roller Spring Mounting Cavity

[0063] 53 Limiting Structure

[0064] 531 retaining ring

[0065] 532 stop ring

[0066] 533 Elastic Limiting Gap

[0067] 54 Cover

[0068] 55 cover plate

[0069] 56 rollers

[0070] 57 springs

[0071] 58 Spring Support

[0072] 59 Buffer Collision Protection Structure

[0073] 6-fork

[0074] 7 Electromagnetic switches

[0075] 8 drive end caps

[0076] Y1 drive shaft spiral spline length

[0077] Y2 slide spiral spline length

[0078] Y3 Spiral spline overlap length in static state

[0079] Y4 firing state spiral spline overlap length Detailed Implementation

[0080] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0081] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a starter motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The starter motor of the present invention includes a stator 1, an armature 2, a drive shaft 3, a pinion 4, a one-way valve 5, a shift fork 6, an electromagnetic switch 7, and an end cover 8. The one-way valve 5 is integrally assembled with the drive shaft 3 and connected to the armature 2, which is disposed within the stator 1. The pinion 4 is mounted on the gear shaft 51 of the one-way valve 5. The composition, structure, relative positions, connections, and working principles of the other parts of the starter motor are all mature existing technologies, and therefore will not be described in detail here. Only the one-way valve 5 of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0082] See Figures 2-5 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way device 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a one-way device 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gear shaft 51 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The one-way valve 5 of the present invention is installed on a starter motor. The one-way valve 5 and the drive shaft 3 are integrally assembled. The drive shaft 3 is provided with a helical spline portion 32, a straight spline portion 33, and a limiting groove 31. The helical spline portion 32 is located in the middle of the drive shaft 3, the straight spline portion 33 is located at the front end of the drive shaft 3, and the limiting groove 31 is located at one end of the helical spline portion 32 near the straight spline portion 33. The one-way valve 5 includes a slide 52, coaxially provided with a helical spline through hole 521 and a gear shaft step mounting hole 522. The drive shaft 3 passes through the helical spline through hole 521, and the helical spline portion 32 and the helical spline through hole 521 are connected by a helical spline. Spline connection and relative sliding; gear shaft 51, coaxially provided with inner mounting blind hole 511, inner straight spline 512 provided in inner mounting blind hole 511, drive shaft 3 inserted into inner mounting blind hole 511, and the straight spline part 33 meshing with the inner straight spline 512 provided in inner mounting blind hole 511, gear shaft 51 inserted into gear shaft stepped mounting hole 522; the ends of the inner straight spline 512 and the straight spline part 33 of gear shaft 51 are respectively set as inclined surfaces to play a guiding role and ensure re-meshing after axial separation of inner straight spline 512 and straight spline part 33; and elastic limiting structure 53 installed in limiting groove 31. In the meshing process, a multi-stage spline connection method is adopted, preferably the "elastic limiting + helical spline + buffer spring 57" structure to reduce the tooth tipping rate. Simultaneously, the use of straight spline limit protection for helical splines can effectively avoid damage to the helical splines caused by abnormal impacts in the initial stage of the meshing process, thus realizing multi-stage variable spline connection in the meshing process.

[0083] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the stationary limiting structure 53 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the position of the ejection state limiting structure 53 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The elastic limiting structure 53 of this embodiment includes a retaining ring 531 and a retaining ring 532. The retaining ring 531 and the retaining ring 532 are fitted onto the drive shaft 3. The retaining ring 532 is axially pressed into the limiting groove 31. The limiting groove 31 has an inclined surface on the side near the retaining ring 531. An elastic limiting gap 533 is radially formed between the retaining ring 531 and the retaining ring 532, and the retaining ring 531 can move axially between the retaining ring 532 and the inclined surface of the limiting groove 31. In this limiting structure 53 of the retaining ring 531 and the retaining ring 532, the limiting surface of the limiting groove 31 is preferably conical, the limiting surface of the retaining ring 531 is planar, and the retaining ring 532 can preferably be made of high-elasticity spring steel. When not in a limiting position, the retaining ring 532 contracts elastically and fits tightly against the limiting groove 31. During the ejection process, the retaining ring 531 moves axially relative to the drive shaft 3. As the retaining ring 531 moves, the retaining ring 532, based on its conical structure, is driven to move upward synchronously, its diameter gradually increasing until it reaches the limiting position, where it is finally locked in place by the retaining ring 531 and the limiting groove 31, forming a secure limit. In this process, the deformation of the retaining ring 532 acts as a flexible contact structure to absorb impact, preventing impact on the limiting surface.

[0084] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stationary position of the one-way device 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limit position of the one-way device 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Y1 is the length of the helical spline of the drive shaft, Y2 is the length of the helical spline of the slide, Y3 is the overlapping length of the helical splines in the stationary state, and Y4 is the overlapping length of the helical splines in the deployed state. The following relationships exist:

[0085] Y4 = Y3 = Y2 < Y1, and Y3 is equal to Y4. During the one-way device 5 ejection process, the spline engagement length remains unchanged. That is, the overlapping length Y3 of the helical spline between the helical spline part 32 and the helical spline through hole 521 in the static state is equal to the overlapping length Y4 of the helical spline in the ejection state. The overlapping length of the inner straight spline 512 and the straight spline of the straight spline part 33 in the static state is greater than 3mm and less than the overlapping length of the helical spline between the helical spline part 32 and the helical spline through hole 521 in the static state.

[0086] In the initial engagement stage, the distance A1 between the pinion 4 and the flywheel is greater than 0. At this time, the compressible length of the gear engagement spring is C1, and the spring is not compressed. The straight spline engagement length B1 > A1 > 0. In this state, the slide 52 of the one-way device 5 is connected to the drive shaft 3 via a helical spline, and the gear shaft 51 is connected to the drive shaft 3 via a helical spline. When the one-way device 5 moves to the left relative to the drive shaft 3, the drive shaft 3, gear shaft 51, and pinion 4 do not rotate circumferentially. The slide 52 rotates relative to the drive shaft 3 under the action of the helical spline and the axial output force. In state III, the distance A1 between the pinion 4 and the flywheel is 0. At this time, the compressible length C1 of the engagement spring is not compressed. When the straight spline engagement length B1 decreases but remains greater than 0, in this state, if an impact occurs, the drive gear-gear shaft 51-drive shaft 3 form a rigid structure. The straight spline, as the primary load-bearing transmission structure, cannot cause relative sliding of the helical spline due to the impact torque (the straight spline still functions), thus protecting the rear helical spline. In state II, the distance A1 between the pinion 4 and the flywheel is 0. At this point, the compressible length C1 of the gear engagement spring begins to decrease, while the straight spline engagement length B1 decreases to 0. During this process, B1 is always less than C1, meaning that during the tooth-clamping process, the straight spline disconnects first. Only after the rear helical spline connects can the compressible length C1 of the engagement spring be compressed to 0.

[0087] In this embodiment, the slide 52 is further provided with a roller spring mounting cavity 523, and a roller 56 is provided in the roller spring mounting cavity 523. The roller 56 is located between the gear shaft 51 and the slide 52, and the outer cylindrical surface of the gear shaft 51 contacts the cylindrical surface of the roller 56. The roller spring mounting cavity 523 includes multiple irregularly shaped cavities, each of which is provided with a spring assembly. The spring assembly includes a spring support 58 and a spring 57, and the rollers 56 are installed one-to-one with the spring assemblies. The end face of the slide 52 is also provided with a cover plate 55 and a cover 54. The gear shaft 51 passes through the central through hole of the cover plate 55, and the cover 54 undergoes radial structural deformation through riveting to ensure a stable connection between the cover 54 and the slide 52.

[0088] In this embodiment, a buffer anti-collision structure 59 may also be provided on the gear shaft 51. The buffer anti-collision structure 59 is disposed between the cover plate 55 and the drive end cover 8 of the starter motor. The buffer anti-collision structure 59 is preferably a buffer spring, with its two ends respectively abutting between the cover plate 55 and the drive end cover 8 of the starter motor.

[0089] The assembly method of the one-way device 5 of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S100: Pass the drive shaft 3 through the spiral spline through hole 521 of the slide block 52. The spiral spline part 32 of the drive shaft 3 and the spiral spline through hole 521 are connected by a spiral spline and slide relative to each other.

[0091] Step S200: After the spiral spline portion 32 of the drive shaft 3 slides relative to the spiral spline through hole 521 for a set distance, the retaining ring 531 and the retaining ring 532 are sequentially fitted onto the drive shaft 3 from the other end of the slide block 52.

[0092] Step S300: Using a hydraulic press and corresponding tooling, the retaining ring 532 is axially pressed into the limiting groove 31 of the drive shaft 3. The retaining ring 531 is located between the retaining ring 532 and the slide block 52, and can only move axially between the retaining ring 532 and the slide block 52 to form an elastic limit.

[0093] Step S400: Install the spring 57 onto the spring support 58 to form a spring assembly, and then sequentially install the spring assembly into the roller spring mounting cavity 523 of the slide block 52. In this embodiment, there are preferably 6 irregular cavities, and rollers 56 are sequentially placed in them. The number of rollers 56 corresponds one-to-one with the number of spring assemblies.

[0094] Step S500: Insert the gear shaft 51 into the gear shaft stepped mounting hole 522 of the slide block 52. The gear shaft 51 is coaxial with the drive shaft 3. The outer cylindrical surface of the gear shaft 51 contacts the cylindrical surface of the roller 56. The inner straight spline 512 of the gear shaft 51 and the straight spline portion 33 of the drive shaft 3 cooperate with each other. The inclined surfaces at the ends of the two straight spline structures can ensure that they can be axially meshed again after axial separation.

[0095] Step S600: Inject grease into each of the plurality of irregular cavities; pass the gear shaft 51 through the central through hole of the cover plate 55; and install the cover plate 55 to fit against the end face of the slide block 52; and

[0096] Step S700: The cover 54 is stacked on the cover plate 55, and the cover 54 is radially deformed by riveting to ensure that the cover 54 and the slide 52 are stably connected and do not separate from each other.

[0097] The one-way actuator 5 and drive shaft 3 of this invention no longer adopt a separate assembly structure, eliminating the assembly method of rotation after insertion, and adopting an integrated assembly structure. Multiple spline engagement methods are used in the cooperation between the one-way actuator 5 and drive shaft 3. By using different axial engagement lengths of the splines and different load transmission connection methods corresponding to different stages, the staged limiting protection of the helical splines during the meshing stage is achieved, effectively reducing the high-load impact wear of the helical splines during the ejection process. The effective working number of splines is increased (by 1 time), and the spline overlap in the stationary position is improved, ensuring that the spline overlap remains stable from the stationary position to the maximum ejection position. That is, the spline overlap length Y3 in the stationary state is equal to the spline overlap length Y4 in the ejection state, which is within a large safety range. The limiting method between the one-way actuator 5 and drive shaft 3 is optimized by using an elastic limiting structure 53 with a retaining ring, and a buffer anti-collision structure 59 is set at the front end of the one-way actuator 5 to change the change in the ejection force during the ejection process, reducing the impact effect and lowering the possibility of impact damage to components.

[0098] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A one-way valve, mounted on a starter motor, characterized in that, The one-way valve and the drive shaft of the starter are an integral assembly. The drive shaft is provided with a helical spline portion, a straight spline portion, and a limiting groove. The helical spline portion is located in the middle of the drive shaft, the straight spline portion is located at the front end of the drive shaft, and the limiting groove is located at the end of the helical spline portion near the straight spline portion. The one-way valve includes: The slide is coaxially provided with a spiral spline through hole and a gear shaft stepped mounting hole. The drive shaft passes through the spiral spline through hole, and the spiral spline part and the spiral spline through hole are connected by a spiral spline and slide relative to each other. A gear shaft is coaxially provided with an internal mounting blind hole, and an internal straight spline is provided within the internal mounting blind hole. The drive shaft is inserted into the internal mounting blind hole, and the straight spline portion meshes with the internal straight spline. The gear shaft is also inserted into a gear shaft stepped mounting hole. An elastic limiting structure is installed in the limiting slot.

2. The one-way device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic limiting structure includes a retaining ring and a retaining ring, which are fitted onto the drive shaft. The retaining ring is axially pressed into the limiting groove, and the limiting groove has an inclined surface on the side near the retaining ring. There is an elastic limiting gap in the radial direction between the retaining ring and the retaining ring, and the retaining ring moves axially between the inclined surface of the retaining ring and the limiting groove.

3. The one-way device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overlap length of the spiral spline between the spiral spline section and the spiral spline through hole in the static state is equal to the overlap length of the spiral spline in the ejected state. The overlap length of the inner straight spline and the straight spline between the inner straight spline section and the straight spline in the static state is greater than 3mm and less than the overlap length of the spiral spline between the spiral spline section and the spiral spline through hole in the static state.

4. The one-way device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slide block is also provided with a roller spring mounting cavity, and a roller is provided in the roller spring mounting cavity. The outer cylindrical surface of the gear shaft contacts the cylindrical surface of the roller.

5. The one-way device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The roller spring mounting cavity includes multiple irregularly shaped cavities, each of which is equipped with a spring assembly, and the rollers are installed one-to-one with the spring assemblies.

6. The one-way device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The ends of the internal straight spline and the straight spline portion of the gear shaft are respectively set as inclined surfaces to ensure re-meshing after the internal straight spline and the straight spline portion are axially separated.

7. The one-way device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the slide is also provided with a cover plate and a cover. The gear shaft passes through the central through hole of the cover plate. The cover undergoes radial structural deformation through riveting to ensure a stable connection between the cover and the slide.

8. The one-way device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The gear shaft is also provided with a buffer anti-collision structure, which is located between the cover plate and the drive end cover of the starter.

9. A method for assembling a one-way transducer, characterized in that, The installation of the unidirectional device according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: S100, The drive shaft passes through the spiral spline through hole of the slide block, and the spiral spline part of the drive shaft is connected to the spiral spline through hole by a spiral spline and slides relative to each other; S200: After the spiral spline portion of the drive shaft slides relative to the spiral spline through hole for a set distance, the retaining ring and retaining ring are sequentially fitted onto the drive shaft from the other end of the slide block. S300, The retaining ring is axially pressed into the limiting groove of the drive shaft. The retaining ring is located between the retaining ring and the slide block, and can only move axially between the retaining ring and the slide block to form an elastic limit. S400. Install the spring onto the spring support to form a spring assembly. Then, install the spring assembly into the roller spring mounting cavity of the slide in sequence, and place the rollers in sequence, with each roller corresponding to a spring assembly. S500. The gear shaft is installed into the gear shaft step mounting hole of the slide block. The gear shaft is coaxial with the drive shaft. The gear shaft is coaxial with the gear shaft step mounting hole. The outer cylindrical surface of the gear shaft is in contact with the cylindrical surface of the roller. The inner straight spline of the gear shaft is engaged with the straight spline of the drive shaft. S600, inject grease into the plurality of irregular cavities respectively, pass the gear shaft through the central through hole of the cover plate, and install the cover plate to fit against the end face of the slide; and S700. The cover is stacked on the cover plate, and the cover is radially deformed by riveting to ensure a stable connection between the cover and the slide.

10. A starter motor, characterized in that, It includes the one-way device as described in any one of claims 1-8, and is installed using the assembly method of the one-way device as described in claim 9.

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