An interlocking friction energy-dissipating impact-resistant structure based on a bionic hexagonal structure

Abstract

The application relates to an interlocking friction energy consumption anti-impact structure based on a bionic hexagon structure and belongs to the field of anti-impact protective equipment. The application mainly comprises a hexagon thin-wall structure and an elliptical interlocking structure. The hexagon thin-wall structure is determined based on bionic design of a beetle ala cross section; the elliptical interlocking structure is a bionic interlocking unit with a convex and a concave elliptical arc matched with each other, is designed based on the elliptical interlocking interface characteristics of a cassida beetle ala, and is tangent at the connecting parts of the convex and the concave; the elliptical interlocking structure is distributed at the point positions of the hexagon thin-wall structure and is determined through strain analysis of the hexagon thin-wall structure. The interlocking interface friction energy consumption mechanism of the beetle ala and the compression resistance characteristics of the hexagon structure are combined, the hexagon thin-wall structure and the elliptical interlocking structure are cooperatively acted, the interlocking interface friction energy consumption, layered sliding and structural deformation are realized when impact is borne, hierarchical energy consumption is realized, and a composite protection system with high anti-impact performance is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of impact-resistant protective equipment technology, and relates to an interlocking friction energy dissipation impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure, which is suitable for high-impact scenarios such as ski protective gear, ice hockey knee pads, and military helmets. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional impact-resistant protective gear (such as helmets and knee pads) primarily uses foam materials, honeycomb aluminum, or single polymers as cushioning layers, and their energy absorption mechanism relies on the plastic or compressive deformation of the material. However, these traditional structures have the following technical drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Low energy dissipation efficiency: Repeated impacts can easily lead to permanent deformation, resulting in a significant decrease in protective performance. For example, polyurethane foam materials show an energy absorption efficiency decrease of over 40% in cyclic compression tests.

[0004] 2. Limited Mechanical Response: Existing designs struggle to balance the conflict between high stiffness and high toughness, resulting in excessive reaction forces or insufficient cushioning during impact. Actual test data shows that traditional ski wristbands can experience peak loads of up to 200N at an impact speed of 10m / s, far exceeding the safety threshold of the human wrist joint.

[0005] 3. Lagging structural optimization: Existing honeycomb structures are prone to stress concentration under high stress conditions, and their energy absorption efficiency is only about 60% of that of biomimetic interlocking structures. Furthermore, they lack an effective friction energy dissipation mechanism.

[0006] Studies have shown that the interlocking structure of beetle elytra in nature exhibits excellent impact resistance. Taking the iron beetle (Phloeodes diabolicus) as an example, its elytra employ a special elliptical interlocking interface. Through the synergistic effect of layered fiber bridging and interfacial friction, it achieves very high energy absorption efficiency, far exceeding that of traditional engineering joints. Furthermore, hexagonal honeycomb structures, due to their excellent specific stiffness and low density, have wide applications in impact-resistant materials; however, their single energy absorption mechanism limits further performance improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical challenge of reconciling lightweight design with high protective performance in traditional protective gear, this invention aims to provide an interlocking friction energy-dissipating and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure. Through biomimetic principles, the interlocking interface friction energy-dissipating mechanism of beetle elytra is combined with the compressive strength of a hexagonal structure to form a composite protective system with graded energy dissipation characteristics. The protective gear utilizes multi-material 3D printing technology to achieve lightweight gradient porosity optimization, while also possessing dynamic fit, breathability, and intelligent protective functions.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution;

[0009] This invention discloses a biomimetic hexagonal interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure, mainly composed of a hexagonal thin-walled structure and an elliptical interlocking structure. The hexagonal thin-walled structure is determined based on the biomimetic design of the cross-section of a beetle elytra. The elliptical interlocking structure is a biomimetic interlocking unit with protrusions and concave elliptical arcs, designed based on the elliptical interlocking interface features of the beetle elytra, with the protrusions and concaves tangent at their connection points. The elliptical interlocking structures are distributed at the points of the hexagonal thin-walled structure, determined through strain analysis of the hexagonal thin-walled structure. The hexagonal thin-walled structure and the elliptical interlocking structure work together to achieve graded energy dissipation through interlocking interface friction, layered slippage, and structural deformation when subjected to impact, forming a composite protection system with high impact resistance.

[0010] Furthermore, the planar configuration parameters of the hexagonal thin-walled structure are determined based on beetle CT scan images and similarity algorithms; the structural parameters of the hexagonal thin-walled structure include: outer height h, width L, side length l, inner and outer distance d1 at opposite sides, and inner and outer distance d2 at the apex; these parameters satisfy the following geometric relationships:

[0011]

[0012] Hexagonal thin-walled units can be arranged periodically to form the main load-bearing structure of the protective gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the elliptical interlocking structure is an axisymmetric structure, with the elliptical arcs truncated from the same ellipse. Two of the elliptical arcs are symmetrically distributed below and tangent to the other elliptical arc. The semi-major axis of the ellipse is a, and the semi-minor axis is b. The angle between the tangent points and the horizontal direction is θ. The geometric relationship of the elliptical interlocking structure satisfies:

[0014]

[0015] The interlocking structure of the protrusions and recesses works together to achieve energy dissipation from interface friction and impact resistance.

[0016] Furthermore, the interlocking positions of the elliptical interlocking structure were determined through strain analysis of the hexagonal thin-walled structure, resulting in four hexagonal interlocking structure models with good theoretical impact resistance. The optimal model was then selected through finite element simulation. The strain analysis consisted of equivalent stiffness and bending strain.

[0017] Furthermore, the equivalent stiffness K of the specific hexagonal thin-walled structure satisfies the following relationship:

[0018]

[0019] Where h is the outer height of the hexagonal thin wall, and E is the Young's modulus of the material; the equivalent stiffness K is proportional to the cube of the distance d1 between the inner and outer sides of the hexagonal thin wall, and the deformation resistance of the structure can be adjusted by optimizing d1.

[0020] Furthermore, the bending strain of the hexagonal thin-walled structure under compression The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0021]

[0022] Where d1 is the distance between the inner and outer sides (side-to-side) of the hexagonal thin wall, X is the displacement under pressure at the top edge, and h is the height of the outer side of the hexagonal thin wall; strain ε x Proportional to d1, by setting an elliptical interlocking structure at high strain points, the stress concentration factor can be reduced, the strain distribution can be made more uniform, and the energy absorption efficiency can be improved.

[0023] Furthermore, the material parameters Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the hexagonal thin-walled structure are determined; the material selected is a lightweight polymer material suitable for 3D printing, and a lightweight gradient pore design is achieved through multi-material 3D printing, which has low density and meets the mechanical requirements of high compressive strength.

[0024] Furthermore, the tangential friction coefficient of the elliptical interlocking interface was determined, and the contribution of frictional energy consumption to the total energy absorption efficiency increased with the increase of μ. The elliptical interlocking interface realizes the synergistic energy consumption of layered sliding and friction, and its stiffness under a certain compressive displacement is improved compared with the non-interlocking structure. After multiple cyclic impacts, it still maintains high original protective performance, which is significantly better than the traditional hexagonal thin-walled structure.

[0025] This invention discloses an optimization method for an interlocking friction energy-dissipating and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure. The method involves first fixing the wall thickness and height of the hexagonal thin-walled structure and the basic parameters of the interlocking structure; then calculating and analyzing the stress-strain distribution of the hexagonal thin-walled structure to determine several alternative interlocking combinations; verifying the optimal interlocking configuration using finite element analysis; and conducting wall thickness gradient experiments on the preferred configuration to evaluate the influence of geometric parameters on friction energy dissipation efficiency. A "single-unit calculation optimization - parameter verification" system is selected to quantitatively analyze the synergistic mechanism between friction energy dissipation at the interlocking interface and structural deformation. Experiments show that the optimal configuration can improve the energy absorption efficiency of the hexagonal structure while maintaining lightweight characteristics. The interlocking friction energy-dissipating and impact-resistant structure that meets the preset index requirements is selected, thus achieving the optimization of the interlocking friction energy-dissipating and impact-resistant structure.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This invention discloses an interlocking friction energy-dissipating impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure. By combining the friction energy dissipation mechanism of the elliptical interlocking interface of a beetle's elytra with the compressive strength of a hexagonal structure through biomimetic principles, a composite protective system with graded energy dissipation characteristics is formed. This solution solves the technical challenge of reconciling lightweight design with high protective performance in traditional protective gear. Simultaneously, it enables the protective gear to possess dynamic fit, breathability, and intelligent protective functions, making it suitable for high-impact scenarios such as ski protective gear, ice hockey knee pads, and military helmets.

[0028] 2. This invention discloses an interlocking friction energy-dissipating and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure. Through the synergistic effect of the elliptical interlocking structure and the hexagonal thin-walled structure, it achieves graded energy dissipation through friction at the interlocking interface and structural deformation under impact. This scheme has a higher peak compressive strength than the traditional hexagonal honeycomb structure; compared with the non-interlocking structure, it has greater stiffness and a lower performance degradation level.

[0029] 3. Existing impact-resistant structures are simple, have a single mechanical response, and are poorly designed to withstand complex impacts. This invention discloses a biomimetic hexagonal interlocking friction energy-dissipating impact-resistant structure. It employs an elliptical interlocking interface design with a specific tangential friction coefficient, achieving synergistic energy dissipation through the tangential engagement of protruding and concave elliptical arcs, resulting in layered sliding and friction. In this scheme, the contribution of friction energy dissipation to the total energy absorption efficiency significantly increases with the optimization of the friction coefficient, resulting in a significantly higher friction energy dissipation efficiency compared to traditional engineering joints, effectively enhancing the structure's compressive strength and potential energy release.

[0030] 4. The present invention discloses an interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure. By determining the high strain point through equivalent stiffness and bending strain analysis, and setting an elliptical interlocking structure at the point, the stress concentration factor of the structure can be reduced, and the strain distribution can be made more uniform. The load-displacement curve exhibits progressive failure characteristics, avoiding the risk of brittle fracture, significantly reducing the maximum stress of the structure, and improving energy absorption efficiency.

[0031] 5. This invention discloses an interlocking friction-dissipating impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure. The impact-resistant structure optimization method utilizes a lightweight 3D-printed polymer material with a density less than or equal to 0.5 g / cm³. The equivalent stiffness is adjusted by optimizing the spacing d1 between the inner and outer sides of the hexagonal thin wall, and lightweight optimization is achieved by combining gradient porosity design. This solution significantly reduces weight compared to a solid structure, achieving a balance between lightweighting and mechanical performance.

[0032] 6. This invention discloses an interlocking friction energy-dissipating impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure, employing modular design and multi-material 3D printing technology, supporting integration with flexible sensors. This invention can shorten the 3D printing production cycle and reduce testing costs; the modular design enables flexible adjustment of protective performance and replacement of damaged parts; after integration with sensors, impact parameters can be monitored in real time, further expanding its application adaptability in high-impact scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a hexagonal interlocking structure and its application in protective gear.

[0034] Figure 2 To extract a regular hexagonal model of the cross-section of the beetle's elytra;

[0035] Figure 3 Delineating the edges of a thin-walled regular hexagonal model;

[0036] Figure 4 It is an interlocked structure model;

[0037] Figure 5 For a regular hexagonal thin-walled coordinate system and mechanical boundary conditions;

[0038] Figure 6 To simplify the stress analysis of the beam structure;

[0039] Figure 7 The location of the interlocking structure is derived;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a SOLIDWORKS model;

[0041] Figure 9 Simulation data for a hexagonal interlocking structure;

[0042] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a model for increasing wall thickness;

[0043] Figure 11 Simulation data for changing wall thickness. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To better illustrate the purpose and effects of this invention, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples from this study, will further explain the invention.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a biomimetic hexagonal interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure, mainly composed of a hexagonal thin-walled structure and an elliptical interlocking structure. The hexagonal thin-walled structure is determined based on the biomimetic design of the cross-section of a beetle elytra. The elliptical interlocking structure is a biomimetic interlocking unit with protrusions and concave elliptical arcs, designed based on the elliptical interlocking interface features of the beetle elytra, with the protrusions and concaves tangent at their connection points. The elliptical interlocking structures are distributed at the points of the hexagonal thin-walled structure, determined through strain analysis of the hexagonal thin-walled structure. The hexagonal thin-walled structure and the elliptical interlocking structure work together to achieve graded energy dissipation through interlocking interface friction, layered slippage, and structural deformation when subjected to impact, thereby improving impact resistance.

[0046] Step 1: Verify the compressive strength of the hexagonal interlocking structure: Select several dried longhorn beetle samples. Place the beetle samples face down on a compression table and compress them at a low, uniform speed. The verification results show that the interlocking structure has excellent compressive strength.

[0047] Step Two: Determine the mathematical model parameters of the elliptical interlocking structure based on the CT scan image of the beetle shell; such as... Figure 2 As shown, a similarity algorithm was used to process CT scans of multiple beetle cross-sections to extract a regular hexagonal model. The specific modeling parameters are as follows: For the impact resistance test, the outer height h = 70 mm, width L, side length l, and the distance between the inner and outer sides (side-to-side) of the regular hexagonal thin-walled model are... =10mm; Spacing between inner and outer sides (vertical corners) ( Figure 3 -a).

[0048] in

[0049] Number the six sides of the hexagonal thin-walled structure ( Figure 3 -b).

[0050] Step 3: Determine the parameters based on the interlocking structure of the beetle's elytra. The interlocking positions are at the midpoint of the side or the apex. The interlocking structure is axially symmetric, with the three elliptical arc segments taken from the same ellipse. The lower left and right elliptical arcs are tangent to the upper middle elliptical arcs. The ellipse parameters are: semi-major axis a, semi-minor axis b, a:b = 1.8:1; the angle between the tangent points and the horizontal is θ = 19.38 degrees. Figure 4 ).

[0051] And satisfy ,

[0052] The interlocking structure described above, with its protruding and recessed elliptical interlocking structures working together, achieves energy dissipation through interface friction and provides impact resistance.

[0053] Step 4: The material parameters of the hexagonal thin-walled structure include Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio υ. By calculating the strain field and bending conditions, the points where the strain of the hexagonal thin-walled structure is excessive under compression without an interlocking structure are obtained. The interlocking positions and combinations of the elliptical interlocking structure are determined, resulting in four hexagonal interlocking structure models with good theoretical impact resistance. Further screening is performed using finite element simulation to select the optimal configuration. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0054] A hexagonal thin-walled plane is placed horizontally, with its base completely fixed and its top edge subjected to a downward displacement of X = 5 mm. The other sides are free. A coordinate system is established, with the z-axis determined according to a right-hand rule. Figure 5 -a), then its thickness b in the z-direction is 1 unit length. First, calculate the equivalent stiffness K of the structure in the y-direction, given by the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] Then the equivalent force F applied to the top edge at this time is: ( Figure 5 -b).

[0057] Considering the structure is an axisymmetric model, we choose two sides 2 and 3 of the hexagon for calculation. Figure 6 -a), consider them as two cantilever beams fixed at point B, where beam 2 is subjected to a vertically downward force f at point C: Beam 3 is fixed at point A. After deformation under stress, its shape becomes... Figure 5 -b, at this time angle α has

[0058]

[0059] Considering edge 2 alone ( Figure 6 -b), any point on the side Its projection The side is Suppose at this time .right Taking the moment, we can obtain from the moment balance: In The moment generated by the beam is ;right Take the moment, and disregard... The influence of the right, in The torque at the point is The beam's cross-section S (since it's a two-dimensional plane, S degenerates into the beam's width) is related to this. Moment of inertia for:

[0060]

[0061] Neglecting the effect of force F on the beam and considering only the effect of moment M, the bending strain of the beam in the x-axis direction can be approximated. and in Bending strain at the point Combining the above calculation formulas, we can obtain:

[0062]

[0063] From the above results, it can be seen that for beam 2, at the farthest point where it is subjected to force... The strain is greatest at the corners of sides 2 and 3, and 5 and 6 of the hexagonal thin wall. Considering that adding interlocking structures at the corners might make the structure more unstable due to the addition of non-rigid connections at the strain concentration points, or that the interlocking structures might deform excessively, interlocking was chosen to be added at the midpoints of sides 2 and 3, and 5 and 6. Furthermore, if interlocking were added on sides 2 and 6, the strain would be complex due to their proximity to the compression points and not entirely along the direction of the interlocking action, failing to achieve optimal frictional energy dissipation. Therefore, interlocking was ultimately chosen to be added at the midpoints of sides 3 and 5.

[0064] An interlock is added at the midpoint of the bottom edge to prevent strain from propagating and concentrating at the bottom, thus preventing release. For the top edge, due to the complexity of the strain situation, consider adding the interlock at the midpoint or two corner points.

[0065] In summary, there are a total of 6 points where interlocking structures can be added. Figure 7 -a). Furthermore, adding interlocks would lead to uneven strain distribution, and adding interlocking structures at all six points might disrupt the original hexagonal structure's mechanical properties. Therefore, an asymmetric triple-interlocking structure distribution is considered. Figure 7 -b、 Figure 7 -c、 Figure 7 -d、 Figure 7 -e) and model it.

[0066] Step 5: For each experimental model, create a two-dimensional model using SOLIDWORKS and RHINO software. The interlocking structure is drawn according to the requirements of steps 2, 3, and 4, resulting in a complete hexagonal interlocking structure (using...). Figure 8 (For example). After importing the file into the ABAQUS simulation software, complete the simulation process according to the software flowchart. Note that you need to set the pressure line for the compression structure and set the cross-sectional material properties (elastic and plastic properties are as follows).

[0067]

[0068] The interaction properties are selected with a tangential friction coefficient of 0.1 or 0.5 and the default friction coefficient, which are respectively the friction coefficients between the pressure line and the top edge of the hexagonal interlocking structure and the friction coefficient within the interlocking structure; the pressure line is displaced downwards by 5 mm; simulation data and contour plots are obtained: maximum strain value, maximum deformation value, frictional energy dissipation, reaction force at the reference point, and other parameters. Figure 9 In addition to the simulation of the interlocking structure described above, a simulation of the control group (without an interlocking structure, everything else unchanged) is also performed. The steps are similar to those described above, and the same data is exported.

[0069] Open this series of data in Origin, select time as the x-axis, and plot friction energy loss, displacement of the reference point, and reaction force on the reference point as the y-axis. Compare the strain values ​​of the control group with the calculated values, and horizontally compare the data of different possible interlocking structures (also compare hexagonal interlocking structures not located at the theoretically calculated interlocking points). Figure 9 get Figure 7 The -d configuration has a maximum equivalent stiffness of approximately 13 N / mm and a frictional energy dissipation of 17 mJ. The optimal configuration is verified to be... Figure 7 -d is shown.

[0070] Step Six: Find a better hexagonal thin-walled structure by changing the thickness of the hexagonal thin wall: Select the wall thickness ,(by Figure 10 For example, a hexagonal interlocking structure with varying thickness) is derived from the formula in step three:

[0071]

[0072] get, This indicates the wall thickness. The larger the strain and stiffness, the more pronounced the effect of the interlocking structure. However, excessive strain can lead to interlocking structure failure and the loss of lightweight design due to thicker thin walls. Following step five, simulation verification was performed, and the exported data was analyzed. Figure 11 ), comprehensively select wall thickness The thickness ranges from 17.5mm to 25mm.

[0073] Step 7: Considering the material of the hexagonal interlocking structure, with Young's modulus E=9450 and Poisson's ratio υ=0.3, a lightweight polymer material suitable for 3D printing is selected. Lightweight design is achieved through multi-material 3D printing, achieving a density ≤0.5g / cm³, while simultaneously meeting the mechanical requirement of compressive strength ≥500N. The friction coefficient of the interlocking interface is required to be μ=0.5, with the contribution of frictional energy dissipation to the total energy absorption efficiency increasing with increasing μ. Experiments show that when μ=0.5, the interlocking interface achieves synergistic energy dissipation through layered sliding and friction, resulting in improved stiffness under 5mm compressive displacement compared to the non-interlocking structure. After 10 cycles of impact, it maintains high original protective performance, with impact resistance 210% higher than traditional protective gear, and a peak load reaching 149N. This forms a composite protective system with high impact resistance, significantly superior to traditional hexagonal thin-walled structures.

[0074] This embodiment resolves the contradiction between lightweight design and high protective performance in traditional protective gear by employing biomimetic principles, theoretical analysis, systematic simulation optimization, and multi-material lightweight integration. The hexagonal interlocking structure design method combines high efficiency, precision, and scalability.

[0075] The above detailed description further illustrates the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure, characterized in that: It mainly consists of a hexagonal thin-walled structure and an elliptical interlocking structure. The hexagonal thin-walled structure is determined based on the biomimetic design of the cross-section of a beetle elytra. The elliptical interlocking structure is a biomimetic interlocking unit with convex and concave elliptical arcs, designed based on the elliptical interlocking interface features of the beetle elytra, with the convex and concave connections being tangent. The elliptical interlocking structures are distributed at the points of the hexagonal thin-walled structure, determined through strain analysis of the hexagonal thin-walled structure. The hexagonal thin-walled structure and the elliptical interlocking structure work together to achieve graded energy dissipation through interlocking interface friction, layered slippage, and structural deformation when subjected to impact, forming a composite protection with high impact resistance.

2. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The planar configuration parameters of the hexagonal thin-walled structure are determined based on beetle CT scan images and similarity algorithms; the structural parameters of the hexagonal thin-walled structure include: outer height h, width L, side length l, inner and outer distance d1 at opposite sides, and inner and outer distance d2 at the vertices; these parameters satisfy the following geometric relationships: The hexagonal thin-walled units are arranged periodically to form the main load-bearing structure of the protective gear.

3. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The elliptical interlocking structure is an axisymmetric structure, with the elliptical arcs truncated from the same ellipse. Two elliptical arcs are symmetrically distributed below and tangent to the other elliptical arc. The semi-major axis of the ellipse is a, and the semi-minor axis is b, with a:b = 1.8:

1. The angle between the tangent points and the horizontal direction is θ. The geometric relationship of the elliptical interlocking structure satisfies: , The interlocking elliptical structure of the protrusions and recesses works together to achieve energy dissipation from interface friction and impact resistance.

4. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The interlocking positions of the elliptical interlocking structure were determined by strain analysis of the hexagonal thin-walled structure, resulting in four hexagonal interlocking structure models with good theoretical impact resistance. The optimal model was then selected through finite element simulation. The strain analysis consisted of equivalent stiffness and bending strain.

5. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The equivalent stiffness K of the hexagonal thin-walled structure satisfies the following relationship: Where h is the outer height of the hexagonal thin wall, and E is the Young's modulus of the material; the equivalent stiffness K is proportional to the cube of the distance d1 between the inner and outer sides of the hexagonal thin wall, and the deformation resistance of the structure can be adjusted by optimizing d1.

6. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Bending strain of hexagonal thin-walled structure under compression The following relationship must be satisfied: Where d1 is the distance between the inner and outer sides of the hexagonal thin wall, X is the displacement under pressure at the top edge, and h is the height of the outer side of the hexagonal thin wall; strain ε x Proportional to d1, by setting an elliptical interlocking structure at high strain points, the stress concentration factor is reduced, the strain distribution is made more uniform, and the energy absorption efficiency is improved.

7. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The material parameters of the hexagonal thin-walled structure are: Young's modulus E=9450, Poisson's ratio υ=0.3; the material selected is a lightweight polymer material suitable for 3D printing, and a lightweight gradient pore design is achieved through multi-material 3D printing, with a density ≤0.5g / cm³, while meeting the mechanical requirement of compressive strength ≥500N.

8. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The tangential friction coefficient of the elliptical interlocking interface is μ=0.5, and the contribution of friction energy consumption to the total energy absorption efficiency increases with the increase of μ. When μ=0.5, the elliptical interlocking interface realizes the coordinated energy consumption of layered sliding and friction, and the stiffness under 5mm compressive displacement is improved compared with the non-interlocking structure.

9. The interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure based on a biomimetic hexagonal structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The optimization method is as follows: First, fix the wall thickness and height of the hexagonal thin wall and the basic parameters of the interlocking structure. Then, calculate and analyze the stress and strain distribution of the hexagonal thin wall structure to determine several alternative interlocking combinations of hexagonal interlocking structures. Verify the optimal interlocking configuration through finite element analysis. Conduct wall thickness gradient experiments on the preferred configuration to evaluate the influence of geometric parameters on friction energy dissipation efficiency. Select the "single-unit calculation optimization - parameter verification" system to quantitatively analyze the synergistic mechanism of friction energy dissipation and structural deformation at the interlocking interface. Experiments show that the optimal configuration can improve the energy absorption efficiency of the hexagonal structure while maintaining lightweight characteristics. Select the interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure that meets the preset index requirements, thus achieving the optimization of the interlocking friction energy dissipation and impact-resistant structure.

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