A down-arched water photovoltaic combined bridge

Abstract

The application provides a lower-arch water photovoltaic combined bridge, and belongs to the technical field of water photovoltaic combined bridges.The lower-arch water photovoltaic combined bridge comprises a pile foundation, fixed clamps, an arched wire slot assembly and a cable assembly.The pile foundation comprises a first pile foundation and a second pile foundation.The fixed clamps comprise a first fixed clamp and a second fixed clamp.The first fixed clamp is fixed on the first pile foundation, and the second fixed clamp is fixed on the second pile foundation.The arched wire slot assembly is fixed on the first fixed clamp and the second fixed clamp through a mortise and tenon assembly.The arched wire slot assembly is internally provided with a groove for placing a cable.The technical problems of the existing water photovoltaic combined bridge, such as strong dependence on mid-span support, insufficient large-span adaptability, poor pile foundation adjustment flexibility and incoordination between cable protection and structural deformation, can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of floating photovoltaic combined bridges, and more specifically, relates to a downward arched floating photovoltaic combined bridge. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of solar-fishery complementary photovoltaic projects, the spacing between rows of fixed supports is typically 8-10 meters, which is greater than the reasonable span of conventional cable trays. The design generally requires adding a prestressed concrete pipe pile in the middle of each row as a central support for the cable tray to ensure structural safety. However, after the pile foundation construction is completed and the photovoltaic modules and lines are installed, the cable tray path often needs to be adjusted due to changes in site conditions. For newly added cable tray paths, if new concrete pipe piles are driven, it is necessary to reorganize the pile foundation construction machinery to enter the site, which is difficult to coordinate on water, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly.

[0003] Traditional floating photovoltaic bridges often employ rigid linear or simple cable-stayed structures, heavily reliant on dense pile foundations. When it's impossible to add pile foundations mid-span, current technologies typically resort to increasing component cross-sections or using higher-strength materials to force the span across, resulting in a significant increase in steel consumption and structural weight, which in turn places higher load-bearing demands on the pile foundations at both ends. Some projects have attempted to use large-span trusses or portal frames, but these structures have complex nodes, making it difficult to guarantee the precision of assembly on water, and they are sensitive to uneven foundation settlement. When the pile foundations at both ends experience differential settlement due to water erosion, the bridge structure is prone to generating significant additional internal forces.

[0004] Regarding cable protection, existing cable trays are mostly open or semi-open structures, exposing cables directly to high humidity and salt spray environments, leading to rapid insulation aging. While enclosed conduit solutions can prevent corrosion, steel conduits are heavy and prone to rust, while plastic conduits have poor weather resistance, and conduit installation is inefficient for high-altitude operations on water surfaces. Flexible sheaths are simply fixed to the cable tray, but cannot adapt to structural deformation and are easily worn and displaced under wind and wave vibrations. Furthermore, traditional sealed structures are complex to assemble and disassemble, difficult to maintain and repair, and their sealing reliability is hard to maintain in the long term.

[0005] In summary, existing floating photovoltaic composite bridges have prominent drawbacks such as strong dependence on mid-span supports, insufficient adaptability to large spans, poor flexibility in pile foundation adjustment, incoordination between cable protection and structural deformation, and contradiction between ease of operation and maintenance and sealing reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a downward-arched floating photovoltaic combined bridge frame, which can solve the technical problems of existing floating photovoltaic combined bridge frames, such as strong dependence on mid-span support, insufficient adaptability to large spans, poor flexibility in pile foundation adjustment, and incoordination between cable protection and structural deformation.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a downward-arched underwater photovoltaic composite bridge, comprising pile foundations, fixing clamps, an arched cable tray assembly, and a cable assembly. The pile foundations include a first pile foundation and a second pile foundation. The fixing clamps include a first fixing clamp and a second fixing clamp. The first fixing clamp is fixed to the first pile foundation, and the second fixing clamp is fixed to the second pile foundation. The arched cable tray assembly is fixed to the first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp via tenon and mortise joints. The arched cable tray assembly has a groove inside for placing cables. The cable assembly is disposed between the top of the arched cable tray assembly and the first and second pile foundations. The cable assembly is used to balance the force on the arched cable tray assembly, so that a force circulation is formed among the pile foundations, the fixing clamps, and the arched cable tray assembly.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge frame of the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0010] The cable assembly includes a first cantilever platform and a second cantilever platform fixed to the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation, respectively. The first cantilever platform and the second cantilever platform are fixedly connected to the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation by steel bars. A triangular support frame is provided between the bottom of the first cantilever platform and the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation. A second fixing point and a third fixing point are respectively provided on one side of the first cantilever platform and the second cantilever platform. The second fixing point and the third fixing point are located at the two ends of the farthest distance between the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation. A first winding wheel group and a second winding wheel group are provided at the top of the side wall of the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation. The first winding wheel group and the second winding wheel group each include two pulleys and are set at an angle of 30~45° on the same horizontal plane. A fourth fixing point and a fifth fixing point are respectively provided at the ends of the first cantilever platform and the second cantilever platform away from the second fixing point and the third fixing point. A first fixing point is provided at the center of the arched cable trough assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the first cable is fixed to the first fixed point, and the other end is fixed to the second fixed point after passing over the first winding wheel assembly; one end of the second cable is fixed to the first fixed point, and the other end is fixed to the third fixed point after passing over the second winding wheel assembly; one end of the third cable is fixed to the first fixed point, and the other end is fixed to the fourth fixed point; one end of the fourth cable is fixed to the first fixed point, and the other end is fixed to the fifth fixed point; a cross frame is provided inside the first fixed point to prevent the cables from tangling.

[0012] Furthermore, the arched cable trough assembly includes a double-layer arched structure, with the curvature of the upper arch being less than that of the lower arch. The two ends of the double-layer arched structure are sealed and fixed, and the middle position is abutted and fixed. The lower arch is provided with pleated sawtooth layers on both sides to accommodate the swaying that occurs between the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation. The two ends of the arched cable trough assembly are set as wedge-shaped block structures.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular connector is provided between the upper arch and the lower arch to further support the stability of the arched cable trough assembly; the top of the upper arch of the arched cable trough assembly is set as an inclined structure to allow rainwater to slide down along the inclined section and avoid accumulation.

[0014] Furthermore, a metal arc-shaped plate is provided at the connection points between the first pile foundation, the second pile foundation, and the first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp, respectively. The metal arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation by bolts. The first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp are both annular structures, which are assembled from two half-rings. One end of each half-ring is fastened by bolts, and the other end is hinged by a hinge shaft. The inner walls of the first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp are fixed with metal arc-shaped plates by bolts. A ring magnet is provided between the first fixing clamp and the first pile foundation, and between the second fixing clamp and the second pile foundation, to fix the first pile foundation and the first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp by the attraction of the magnet. Insulating sealing strips are provided at the upper and lower ends of the first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp.

[0015] The first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp are provided with wedge-shaped grooves on the side near the arched wire groove assembly, and the two ends of the arched wire groove assembly are fixed in the wedge-shaped grooves.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom sides of the first fixing clamp and the second fixing clamp are respectively fixed to the first fixing point by cables; the height of the arched wire groove assembly is set between the first winding wheel group, the second winding wheel group and the first cantilever platform, the second cantilever platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the groove is located on both sides of the top of the lower arch of the arched cable tray assembly, including a rigid outer groove, a flexible inner liner, a sealing end cap, and a cable receiving cavity. The rigid outer groove is a long U-shaped cross-section groove with an open top. The flexible inner liner is a closed bladder structure made of corrosion-resistant elastic material and is located inside the rigid outer groove. The internal cavity of the flexible inner liner forms the cable receiving cavity. The sealing end cap is detachably sealed to both ends of the first fixing clamp. The flexible inner liner has axial expansion and contraction deformation capability and radial buffering and shock absorption capability to adapt to displacement changes caused by temperature deformation and external vibration transmission. The flexible inner liner is a corrugated tubular elastic structure made of fluororubber or EPDM rubber. Its outer diameter of the crest is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the rigid outer groove, and its inner diameter of the trough forms the cable receiving cavity. The axial expansion and contraction rate of the flexible inner liner is ±5%~±15%. A helical spring skeleton is embedded inside the bladder wall of the flexible inner liner to enhance radial load-bearing capacity and negative pressure resistance.

[0018] The inner wall of the flexible inner liner is provided with a partition extending along the axial direction. The partition divides the cable accommodating cavity into multiple independent cable compartments. Cables of different circuits are respectively run through each cable compartment. The partition is a flexible and bendable structure. The inner wall of the flexible inner liner and the surface of the partition are coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene friction-reducing layer to reduce the friction of cable pulling.

[0019] Furthermore, the sealing end cap includes an end cap body, a sealing ring, and a quick-locking buckle. The end cap body is a plate-shaped structure adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the end of the rigid outer groove. The sealing ring is embedded in the inner edge of the end cap body and forms a compression seal with the end face of the rigid outer groove. The quick-locking buckle is an eccentric cam locking mechanism or a magnetic locking mechanism. A cable lead-out hole is provided on the end cap body, and a waterproof gland is provided at the cable lead-out hole.

[0020] Furthermore, the first fixed clamp and the second fixed clamp are located on the same horizontal plane, and the first cantilever platform and the second cantilever platform are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge provided by the present invention are:

[0022] The cable assembly forms a spatial cable net support system by setting cantilever platforms at the top of the first and second pile foundations and arranging four cables between the platforms and the center of the arched cable trough assembly. The first and second cables are fixed to the far ends of the cantilever platforms after passing over winding wheel sets arranged at 30-45° angles. This symmetrical arrangement converts the vertical load borne by the arched cable trough assembly into horizontal tension, which is evenly transmitted to the pile foundations on both sides. The third and fourth cables connect directly from the center of the arched cable trough assembly to the near-end fixing points of the cantilever platforms on both sides, forming a spatial force-bearing system with the first and second cables. The cross-shaped frame inside the first fixing point effectively prevents the cables from tangling at the intersection, ensuring that each cable works independently and has a clear force distribution. The overall cable system achieves a balanced distribution of force on the arched cable trough assembly, creating a closed force flow cycle between the pile foundations, fixing clamps, and the arched cable trough assembly. This significantly improves the stability and wind load resistance of the entire bridge structure, making it particularly suitable for the complex wind and wave environment of floating photovoltaic systems.

[0023] The arched cable tray assembly adopts a double-arched structure design, with the upper arch having a smaller curvature than the lower arch. This differential curvature design allows the lower arch to primarily bear the structural stiffness function, while the upper arch focuses on drainage and protection. The double-layer structure features sealed and fixed ends and abutment-fixed connection in the middle, ensuring structural integrity while allowing for adjustment space to accommodate temperature deformation. The pleated sawtooth layers on both sides of the lower arch have excellent deformation adaptability. When the first and second pile foundations experience relative displacement and sway due to water flow, wind load, or temperature changes, the sawtooth layers can absorb the displacement difference through their own pleated deformation, preventing stress concentration in the structure. The wedge-shaped block structure at both ends of the arched cable tray assembly cooperates with the wedge-shaped grooves on the fixing clamps, achieving rapid positioning and reliable connection. The inclined structure at the top of the upper arch utilizes the natural drainage characteristics of the arch, allowing rainwater to slide quickly down the inclined surface, preventing water accumulation at the top of the cable tray, reducing structural load, and preventing corrosion. The annular connector between the upper and lower arches further enhances the lateral stability and torsional resistance of the arched cable tray assembly, ensuring that the structure remains geometrically invariant under complex stress conditions.

[0024] The fixing clamps employ an assembly method where two semi-rings are hinged at one end and bolted at the other, enabling rapid installation and disassembly on the pile foundation, facilitating later maintenance and replacement. The inner wall of the clamp, secured by a bolted metal arc-shaped plate, fits tightly against the outer surface of the pile foundation, increasing the contact area and dispersing localized stress. Ring magnets between the first and second fixing clamps and the pile foundation utilize magnetic attraction to generate a pre-tightening effect, ensuring initial tight contact between the clamps and the pile foundation, improving connection rigidity and anti-slip capability. Insulating sealing strips at both ends of the clamps not only prevent moisture and corrosive media from penetrating the connection area but also provide electrical insulation, avoiding electrochemical corrosion caused by contact between different metals. Cables added between the bottom of the first and second fixing clamps and the first fixed point at the center of the arched cable trough assembly form additional vertical constraints, limiting the vertical displacement of the arched cable trough assembly. Together with the top cable assembly, they constitute a three-dimensional constraint system for the arched cable trough assembly. The height of the arched cable groove assembly is set within the space between the first winding wheel group, the second winding wheel group, the first cantilever platform, and the second cantilever platform, so that the cable and the arched cable groove assembly form a reasonable geometric relationship and optimize the force angle.

[0025] The grooves are located on both sides of the lower arched top, employing a composite structure design of a rigid outer groove and a flexible inner liner. The rigid outer groove provides structural support and shape retention, while the flexible inner liner uses a corrugated tubular elastic structure made of fluororubber or EPDM rubber, with an axial elongation rate of ±5% to ±15%. This effectively adapts to changes in the length of the arched cable tray assembly due to temperature variations, preventing excessive stress on the cables caused by thermal expansion and contraction. The helical spring skeleton embedded inside the flexible inner liner significantly enhances radial load-bearing capacity, preventing collapse under negative pressure or external compression, while also improving the overall structural rigidity. Flexible partitions on the inner wall of the flexible inner liner divide the cable housing into multiple independent compartments, achieving physical isolation between cables of different circuits, avoiding electromagnetic interference and short-circuit risks. The flexibility of the partitions does not hinder the overall deformation capacity of the inner liner. The PTFE anti-friction layer coated on the inner wall and partition surfaces significantly reduces friction during cable laying and subsequent maintenance, protecting the cable insulation layer. The sealed end cap uses a quick-locking mechanism for rapid assembly and disassembly. The waterproof gland on the end cap body ensures the sealing and waterproof performance of the cable lead-out part, enabling the entire cable housing system to achieve a protection level of IP67 or higher, and fully adapt to the harsh environment of high humidity and high salt spray on water.

[0026] The first and second fixed clamps are positioned on the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the support elevations at both ends of the arched cable trough assembly are consistent. This places the arched structure in an ideal stress state, avoiding additional internal forces caused by differential settlement of the supports. The first and second cantilever platforms are also located on the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the four cables are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal projection. This balances the spatial tension at the center of the arched cable trough assembly, preventing eccentric torque. This horizontally aligned arrangement simplifies the construction process, improves installation accuracy, and results in a neat and aesthetically pleasing overall structure, facilitating later inspection and maintenance. The collaborative work between the components forms a self-balancing spatial structural system. When subjected to vertical loads, the arched cable trough assembly generates horizontal thrust, which is transmitted to the pile foundation through the cable assembly, and then back to the arched cable trough assembly through the fixed clamps, forming a closed-loop force. This fully utilizes the mechanical properties of each component and achieves efficient material utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a downward-arched underwater photovoltaic composite bridge;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly;

[0029] Figure 3 For fixing the clamps;

[0030] Figure 4 A groove is created inside the arched cable tray assembly;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-section of the groove;

[0032] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0033] 01. Pile foundation; 011. First pile foundation; 012. Second pile foundation; 02. Fixing clamp; 021. First fixing clamp; 022. Second fixing clamp; 03. Arched cable tray assembly; 031. Rigid outer channel; 032. Flexible inner liner; 033. Sealed end cap; 034. Cable receiving cavity; 04. Cable assembly; 041. First fixing point; 042. Second fixing point; 043. Third fixing point; 044. First winding wheel assembly; 045. Second winding wheel assembly; 046. Fourth fixing point; 047. Fifth fixing point; 048. First cantilever platform; 049. Second cantilever platform. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-5 The diagram shows an embodiment of a downward-arched floating photovoltaic combined bridge provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, it includes a pile foundation 01, a fixing clamp 02, an arched cable tray assembly 03, and a cable assembly 04. The pile foundation 01 includes a first pile foundation 011 and a second pile foundation 012. The fixing clamp 02 includes a first fixing clamp 021 and a second fixing clamp 022. The first fixing clamp 021 is fixed to the first pile foundation 011, and the second fixing clamp 022 is fixed to the second pile foundation 012. The arched cable tray assembly 03 is fixed to the first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022 by a tenon and mortise assembly. The arched cable tray assembly 03 has a groove inside for placing cables. A cable assembly 04 is provided between the top of the arched cable tray assembly 03 and the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012. The cable assembly 04 is used to balance the force on the arched cable tray assembly 03, so that a force circulation is formed between the pile foundation 01, the fixing clamp 02, and the arched cable tray assembly 03.

[0036] In the aforementioned technical solution, the cable assembly 04 includes a first cantilever platform 048 and a second cantilever platform 049 fixed to the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012. The first cantilever platform 048 and the second cantilever platform 049 are fixedly connected to the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012 by steel bars. A triangular support frame is provided between the bottom of the first cantilever platform 048 and the second cantilever platform 049 and the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012. A second fixing point 042 and a third fixing point 043 are respectively provided on one side of the first cantilever platform 048 and the second cantilever platform 049. The second fixing point 042 and the third fixing point 043 are located on the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012. The two ends of the farthest distance between the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012; the top of the side wall of the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012 are provided with a first winding wheel group 044 and a second winding wheel group 045, each of which includes two pulleys and is set at an angle of 30~45° on the same horizontal plane; the ends of the first cantilever platform 048 and the second cantilever platform 049 away from the second fixed point 042 and the third fixed point 043 are respectively provided with a fourth fixed point 046 and a fifth fixed point 047; the center of the arched cable trough assembly 03 is provided with a first fixed point 041.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, one end of the first cable is fixed to the first fixed point 041, and the other end passes around the first winding wheel assembly 044 and is fixed to the second fixed point 042; one end of the second cable is fixed to the first fixed point 041, and the other end passes around the second winding wheel assembly 045 and is fixed to the third fixed point 043; one end of the third cable is fixed to the first fixed point 041, and the other end is fixed to the fourth fixed point 046; one end of the fourth cable is fixed to the first fixed point 041, and the other end is fixed to the fifth fixed point 047; a cross frame is provided inside the first fixed point 041 to prevent the cables from tangling.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the arched cable trough assembly 03 includes a double-layer arched structure, the curvature of the upper arch is less than that of the lower arch, the two ends of the double-layer arched structure are sealed and fixed, and the middle position is abutted and fixed; pleated sawtooth layers are provided on both sides of the lower arch to accommodate the shaking that occurs between the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012; the two ends of the arched cable trough assembly 03 are set as wedge block structures.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an annular connector is provided between the upper arch and the lower arch to further support the stability of the arched cable tray assembly 03; the top of the upper arch of the arched cable tray assembly 03 is set as an inclined structure to allow rainwater to slide down along the inclined section and avoid accumulation.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a metal arc-shaped plate is provided at the connection position between the first pile foundation 011, the second pile foundation 012 and the first fixing clamp 021, the second fixing clamp 022, respectively. The metal arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the first pile foundation 011 and the second pile foundation 012 by bolts. The first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022 are both ring structures, which are assembled from two half-rings. One end of the ring is fastened by bolts, and the other end is hinged by a hinge shaft. Metal arc-shaped plates are fixed to the inner walls of the first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022 by bolts; a ring magnet is provided between the first fixing clamp 021 and the first pile foundation 011, and between the second fixing clamp 022 and the second pile foundation 012, for fixing the first pile foundation 011, the first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022 by the attraction of the magnet; insulating sealing strips are provided at the upper and lower ends of the first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022.

[0041] The first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022 are provided with wedge-shaped grooves on the side near the arched wire trough assembly 03, and the two ends of the arched wire trough assembly 03 are fixed in the wedge-shaped grooves.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the bottom side of the first fixing clamp 021 and the second fixing clamp 022 are respectively fixed to the first fixing point 041 by a cable; the height of the arched wire groove assembly 03 is set between the first winding wheel group 044, the second winding wheel group 045 and the first cantilever platform 048 and the second cantilever platform 049.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the groove is located on both sides of the top of the lower arch of the arched cable tray assembly 03, including a rigid outer groove body 031, a flexible inner liner 032, a sealing end cap 033, and a cable receiving cavity 034. The rigid outer groove body 031 is a long groove with a U-shaped cross-section and an open top. The flexible inner liner 032 is a closed bladder-like structure made of corrosion-resistant elastic material and is located inside the rigid outer groove body 031. The internal cavity of the flexible inner liner 032 forms the cable receiving cavity 034. The sealing end cap 033 is detachably and sealingly connected to the first fixing clamp 02. At both ends of 1, the flexible inner liner 032 has axial expansion and contraction deformation capacity and radial buffering and shock absorption capacity to adapt to displacement changes caused by temperature deformation and external vibration transmission; the flexible inner liner 032 is a corrugated tubular elastic structure made of fluororubber or EPDM rubber, its outer diameter of the crest is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the rigid outer groove 031, and its inner diameter of the trough forms the cable accommodating cavity 034. The axial expansion and contraction rate of the flexible inner liner 032 is ±5%~±15%. The inner wall of the flexible inner liner 032 is embedded with a helical spring skeleton to enhance radial load-bearing capacity and negative pressure resistance.

[0044] The inner wall of the flexible inner liner 032 is provided with a partition extending along the axial direction. The partition divides the cable receiving cavity 034 into multiple independent cable compartments. Cables of different circuits are run through each cable compartment. The partition is a flexible and bendable structure. The inner wall of the flexible inner liner 032 and the surface of the partition are coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene friction-reducing layer to reduce the friction of cable pulling.

[0045] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sealing end cap 033 includes an end cap body, a sealing ring, and a quick-locking buckle. The end cap body is a plate-shaped structure adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the end of the rigid outer groove 031. The sealing ring is embedded in the inner side edge of the end cap body and forms a compression seal with the end face of the rigid outer groove 031. The quick-locking buckle is an eccentric cam locking mechanism or a magnetic locking mechanism. A cable lead-out hole is provided on the end cap body, and a waterproof gland is provided at the cable lead-out hole.

[0046] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the first fixed clamp 021 and the second fixed clamp 022 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the first cantilever platform 048 and the second cantilever platform 049 are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0047] Specifically, the principle of this invention is as follows: In use, firstly, a first fixing clamp and a second fixing clamp are installed on the first and second pile foundations respectively. During installation, the two semi-circular clamps are wrapped around the pile foundation, closed via a hinge shaft, and then the bolts are tightened for secure fastening. The magnetic attraction of the ring magnet ensures the clamps are tightly fitted to the metal arc-shaped plate on the pile foundation surface, and insulating sealing strips are embedded at both ends of the clamps to complete the seal. Next, a first winding wheel assembly and a second winding wheel assembly are installed on the top sidewall of the pile foundation, ensuring that the two sets of pulleys are symmetrically arranged at a 30-45° angle on the same horizontal plane. Simultaneously, a first cantilever platform and a second cantilever platform are fixed to the top of the pile foundation using reinforcing bars and a triangular support frame, ensuring that the two platforms are on the same horizontal plane and located at the farthest points of the two pile foundations. Then, the arched cable tray assembly is installed. The wedge-shaped blocks at both ends of the double-layered arch structure are aligned with the wedge-shaped grooves on the fixing clamps and pushed in. A mortise and tenon structure enables rapid positioning and fixation. At this point, the folded serrated layers on both sides of the lower arch are in flexible contact with the fixing clamps, reserving space for subsequent deformation. After fixing the arched cable tray assembly, the cable system is tensioned: one end of the first cable is fixed to the first fixed point at the center of the arched cable tray assembly, and the other end is fixed to the second fixed point of the first cantilever platform after passing over the first winding wheel assembly; the second cable also starts from the first fixed point, passes over the second winding wheel assembly, and is fixed to the third fixed point of the second cantilever platform; the third and fourth cables are directly connected from the first fixed point to the fourth fixed point of the first cantilever platform and the fifth fixed point of the second cantilever platform, respectively. After the four cables are tensioned to the design prestress, they are separated and fixed within the first fixed point by a cross-shaped frame to prevent them from tangling. Finally, cables are laid in the groove at the top of the lower arch of the arched cable tray assembly, and cables of different circuits are threaded into the independent cable compartments of the flexible inner liner. Sealed end caps are installed, and the cables are led out through waterproof glands, completing the installation of the entire cable tray system.

[0048] The core mechanical principle of this cable tray system lies in utilizing the axial compressive characteristics of the arch structure and the tensile characteristics of the cable system to form a complementary spatial force system. When the arched cable tray assembly bears its own weight, cable load, and vertical load transmitted from the upper photovoltaic modules, the arch structure generates an outward horizontal thrust. This thrust is transmitted through the arch feet to the first and second fixed clamps, and then borne by the pile foundation. Simultaneously, the vertical displacement trend at the center of the arched cable tray assembly is constrained by the top cable assembly: the first and second cables, after changing direction through winding wheels, convert the vertical load into an oblique tensile force, which is transmitted to the far-end fixed points of the cantilever platforms on both sides, utilizing the lever arm effect to resist bending moments; the third and fourth cables directly provide an upward vertical component, working together with the top cable to balance the vertical load of the arched cable tray assembly. This arrangement places the arched cable tray assembly in a compressive state while the cables are in a tensile state, fully utilizing the compressive strength of steel and the tensile strength of cables, forming a reasonable "rigid arch with flexible cables" force distribution mode. In addition, the additional cable between the bottom of the fixed clamp and the center of the arched cable trough assembly provides further vertical constraint, forming a vertical clamping on the arched cable trough assembly together with the top cable, limiting its vertical vibration displacement and improving the dynamic stability of the structure.

[0049] This device incorporates multiple deformation coordination mechanisms designed for the unique environmental conditions of floating photovoltaic systems. When the first and second pile foundations experience relative horizontal displacement due to water flow impact, wind load, or temperature changes, the pleated sawtooth layers on both sides of the lower arch of the arched cable tray assembly fold or unfold, absorbing the relative displacement difference between the two fixed points. Furthermore, the minor misalignment at the joint between the two arched structures further releases temperature stress, preventing potential cracking from rigid connections. When environmental temperature changes cause overall expansion and contraction of the arched cable tray assembly, the flexible inner liner within the groove deforms synchronously using its ±5%~±15% axial expansion and contraction rate. Its corrugated tubular structure maintains the integrity of the cable housing cavity during expansion and contraction, while the helical spring skeleton prevents radial instability of the liner under axial compression, ensuring the cable remains protected. The radial buffering and shock absorption capacity of the flexible inner liner effectively isolates the transmission of external vibrations to the cable, reducing fatigue damage to the cable insulation layer caused by dynamic loads. The winding wheel assembly in the cable assembly allows the cable to make small adaptive angle adjustments under stress, which, together with the elastic deformation of the cable itself, further improves the overall system's adaptability to foundation deformation.

[0050] This cable tray system ensures long-term durability in high-humidity, high-salt-spray environments via multiple protective measures. The inclined design of the upper arched top of the arched cable tray assembly utilizes gravity drainage, allowing rainwater and condensate to drain quickly along the inclined surface, preventing the formation of water pools at the top of the structure and reducing the retention of corrosive media. The double-arched structure's sealed ends prevent moisture from entering the arched cavity, while the tight fit at the middle joint prevents lateral seepage. The insulating sealing strip at the connection between the fixing clamps and the pile foundation provides electrical insulation to the metal connection surfaces, preventing electrochemical corrosion circuits formed between metals at different potentials due to seawater or humid air. The rigid outer groove of the recessed structure provides mechanical protection for the internal cables, while the flexible inner liner, made of fluororubber or EPDM rubber, exhibits excellent resistance to ozone, UV radiation, and salt spray corrosion. The PTFE friction-reducing layer on its inner wall not only reduces cable friction but also, due to its chemical inertness, prevents corrosive agents from contacting the cable sheath. The compression sealing ring of the sealing end cap and the waterproof gland form a double waterproof barrier, ensuring a high level of sealing at the cable exit point. All fixing points in the cable system are made of weather-resistant steel or stainless steel, and the pulleys of the winding wheel assembly are treated with an anti-corrosion coating, ensuring the service life of the entire system under harsh conditions such as alternating wet and dry conditions and freeze-thaw cycles.

[0051] The design of this device fully considers the convenience of later operation and maintenance of the floating photovoltaic system. The hinged semi-ring structure of the fixed clamp allows for quick replacement of the clamp or adjustment of the installation height without dismantling the pile foundation, and the bolt fastening method simplifies the difficulty of underwater operations. The wedge tenon connection between the arched cable tray assembly and the fixed clamp enables boltless quick assembly and disassembly. When it is necessary to replace or repair the cable tray, the entire arched assembly can be lifted off simply by disconnecting the cable connection. The sealing end cap of the groove adopts an eccentric cam locking mechanism or a magnetic locking mechanism, which can be quickly opened without tools, facilitating cable capacity expansion, replacement, or troubleshooting. The PTFE anti-friction layer on the inner wall of the flexible inner liner ensures that the cable maintains low pull resistance even after long-term use, reducing the workload of line maintenance. The winding wheel design of the cable assembly allows the cable tension to be adjusted by adjusting the anchoring position of the end fixing point, which facilitates compensation for cable slack deformation during use and maintains the stability of the structural prestress. The symmetrical layout and horizontal alignment of the overall structure enable inspection personnel to quickly assess the working status of each component visually, promptly detect abnormal deformations or loose connections, and improve maintenance efficiency and safety.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of arched underwater photovoltaic composite bridge, characterized in that, The system includes a pile foundation (01), a fixing clamp (02), an arched cable trough assembly (03), and a cable assembly (04). The pile foundation (01) includes a first pile foundation (011) and a second pile foundation (012). The fixing clamp (02) includes a first fixing clamp (021) and a second fixing clamp (022). The first fixing clamp (021) is fixed to the first pile foundation (011), and the second fixing clamp (022) is fixed to the second pile foundation (012). The arched cable trough assembly (03) is fixed to the pile foundation by a tenon and mortise assembly. On the first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022), the inside of the arched cable trough assembly (03) is provided with a groove for placing cables; the top of the arched cable trough assembly (03) is provided with a cable assembly (04) between the first pile foundation (011) and the second pile foundation (012), and the cable assembly (04) is used to balance the force on the arched cable trough assembly (03), so that a force circulation is formed between the pile foundation (01), the fixing clamp (02) and the arched cable trough assembly (03).

2. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable assembly (04) includes a first cantilever platform (048) and a second cantilever platform (049) fixed to the first pile foundation (011) and the second pile foundation (012). The first cantilever platform (048) and the second cantilever platform (049) are fixedly connected to the first pile foundation (011) and the second pile foundation (012) by steel bars. A triangular support frame is provided between the bottom of the first cantilever platform (048) and the second pile foundation (012). A second fixing point (042) and a third fixing point (043) are respectively provided on one side of the first cantilever platform (048) and the second cantilever platform (049). The second fixing point (042) and the third fixing point (043) are located on the first pile foundation. The two ends of the furthest distance between (011) and the second pile foundation (012); a first winding wheel group (044) and a second winding wheel group (045) are provided at the top of the side wall of the first pile foundation (011) and the second pile foundation (012), the first winding wheel group (044) and the second winding wheel group (045) each include two pulleys, which are set at an angle of 30~45° on the same horizontal plane; a fourth fixing point (046) and a fifth fixing point (047) are respectively provided at one end of the first cantilever platform (048) and the second cantilever platform (049) away from the second fixing point (042) and the third fixing point (043), and a first fixing point (041) is provided at the center of the arched wire trough assembly (03).

3. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the first cable is fixed to the first fixing point (041), and the other end is fixed to the second fixing point (042) after passing over the first winding wheel assembly (044); one end of the second cable is fixed to the first fixing point (041), and the other end is fixed to the third fixing point (043) after passing over the second winding wheel assembly (045); one end of the third cable is fixed to the first fixing point (041), and the other end is fixed to the fourth fixing point (046); one end of the fourth cable is fixed to the first fixing point (041), and the other end is fixed to the fifth fixing point (047); a cross frame is provided inside the first fixing point (041) to prevent the cables from tangling.

4. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The arched cable trough assembly (03) includes a double-arched structure, the curvature of the upper arch is less than that of the lower arch, the two ends of the double-arched structure are sealed and fixed, and the middle position is abutted and fixed; the two sides of the lower arch are provided with a folded sawtooth layer to accommodate the shaking that occurs between the first pile foundation (011) and the second pile foundation (012); the two ends of the arched cable trough assembly (03) are set as wedge block structures.

5. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, A ring-shaped connector is provided between the upper arch and the lower arch to further support the stability of the arched cable trough assembly (03); the top of the upper arch of the arched cable trough assembly (03) is set as an inclined structure to allow rainwater to slide down along the inclined section and avoid accumulation.

6. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that, Metal arc-shaped plates are provided at the connection points between the first pile foundation (011), the second pile foundation (012), and the first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022). The metal arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the first pile foundation (011) and the second pile foundation (012) respectively by bolts. Both the first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022) are annular structures, assembled from two semi-rings. One end of each semi-ring is fastened with bolts, and the other end is hinged via a hinge shaft. The first fixing clamp (021) is... The inner wall of the second fixing clamp (022) is fixed with a metal arc plate by bolts; a ring magnet is provided between the first fixing clamp (021) and the first pile foundation (011), and between the second fixing clamp (022) and the second pile foundation (012), for fixing the first pile foundation (011), the first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022) by the attraction of the magnet; insulating sealing strips are provided at the upper and lower ends of the first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022); The first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022) are provided with wedge-shaped grooves on the side near the arched wire groove assembly (03), and the two ends of the arched wire groove assembly (03) are fixed in the wedge-shaped grooves.

7. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom side of the first fixing clamp (021) and the second fixing clamp (022) are respectively fixed to the first fixing point (041) by a cable; the height of the arched wire groove assembly (03) is set between the first winding wheel group (044), the second winding wheel group (045) and the first cantilever platform (048) and the second cantilever platform (049).

8. The under-arch type floating photovoltaic combined bridge according to claim 7, characterized in that, The groove is located on both sides of the top of the lower arch of the arched cable tray assembly (03), and includes a rigid outer groove body (031), a flexible inner liner (032), a sealing end cap (033), and a cable receiving cavity (034). The rigid outer groove body (031) is a long groove with an open top and a U-shaped cross-section. The flexible inner liner (032) is a closed bladder structure made of corrosion-resistant elastic material and is located inside the rigid outer groove body (031). The internal cavity of the flexible inner liner (032) forms the cable receiving cavity (034). The sealing end cap (033) is detachably and sealingly connected to the first fixing clamp (034). At both ends of 21), the flexible inner liner (032) has axial expansion and contraction deformation capability and radial buffering and shock absorption capability to adapt to displacement changes caused by temperature deformation and external vibration transmission; the flexible inner liner (032) is a corrugated tubular elastic structure made of fluororubber or EPDM rubber, its outer diameter of the crest is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the rigid outer groove (031), and its inner diameter of the trough forms the cable receiving cavity (034). The axial expansion and contraction rate of the flexible inner liner (032) is ±5%~±15%. The inner wall of the flexible inner liner (032) is embedded with a helical spring skeleton to enhance radial bearing capacity and negative pressure resistance. The inner wall of the flexible inner liner (032) is provided with a partition extending along the axial direction. The partition divides the cable receiving cavity (034) into multiple independent cable compartments. Cables of different circuits are respectively installed in each cable compartment. The partition is a flexible and bendable structure. The inner wall of the flexible inner liner (032) and the surface of the partition are coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene friction-reducing layer to reduce the friction of cable pulling.

9. A downward-arched underwater photovoltaic composite bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sealing end cap (033) includes an end cap body, a sealing ring, and a quick-locking buckle. The end cap body is a plate-shaped structure adapted to the end cross-sectional shape of the rigid outer groove (031). The sealing ring is embedded in the inner side edge of the end cap body and forms a compression seal with the end face of the rigid outer groove (031). The quick-locking buckle is an eccentric cam locking mechanism or a magnetic locking mechanism. A cable lead-out hole is provided on the end cap body, and a waterproof gland is provided at the cable lead-out hole.

10. A downward-arched underwater photovoltaic composite bridge according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first fixed clamp (021) and the second fixed clamp (022) are located on the same horizontal plane, and the first cantilever platform (048) and the second cantilever platform (049) are located on the same horizontal plane.

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