A solar concentrator

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of mirror with curved surface, especially a kind of solar concentrator.The solar concentrator of the present application includes concentrator lens and concave back plate, the front side of concave back plate is shaping surface for shaping concentrator lens, positioning bolt is provided on concentrator lens, concave back plate is provided with positioning hole corresponding to positioning bolt on concentrator lens, concave back plate and concentrator lens are fixed by positioning bolt closely, to make concentrator lens produce the concave deformation consistent with concave back plate, concave back plate and positioning bolt make concentrator produce uniform concave deformation, reduce the astigmatism of concentrator lens, so that solar concentrator focuses;At the same time, since positioning bolt is designed to be tensioned, fixed to make concentrator lens produce the deformation consistent with concave back plate, concentrator lens can realize standardization, generalization design, greatly save production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a reflector with a curved surface, and more particularly to a solar concentrator. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy, as an important clean energy source, has been widely utilized in recent years. Currently, the utilization of solar energy can be divided into two types according to the energy conversion method: solar thermal conversion and photovoltaic conversion. The common structure used in solar thermal conversion mainly consists of a solar collector, a heat collection system, an energy storage system, and a heat exchange system. The basic principle of solar thermal conversion is as follows: the solar collector collects solar energy and transfers the energy to the heat collection system. After the heat collection system heats the heat transfer medium, it transfers the energy into the energy storage system. When there is a need for heat, the energy from the heat storage system is transferred through the heat exchange system.

[0003] Existing solar collectors are mainly solar concentrators, which can be roughly divided into two categories according to their structure. One type is a one-piece arc-shaped solar concentrator, which is mainly used in the mirror field structure of concentric solar collectors. The other type is a solar concentrator with adjustable concave surface and angle.

[0004] The one-piece arc-shaped solar concentrator includes a concentrating lens and a backplate. The concentrating lens is usually made of glass, and the backplate is made of metal. In the concentric circle collector mirror field structure, the overall shape is pot-shaped, and each lens has a unique arc shape. Since the shape and angle of each concentrating lens are different, it is necessary to process and manufacture each lens according to its installation position or angle. This requires a lot of mold casting or blowing, which is inconvenient to produce and has a high manufacturing cost.

[0005] Currently, the most commonly used solar concentrators are those with adjustable concave surfaces and angles. This solution has lower costs and is easier to manufacture. This type of solar concentrator adds a support structure and an adjustment structure to the concentrating lens. The most common support structure is a four-corner support, which fixes the lens to the back plate at the four corners while ensuring the spacing between them. An adjustment structure is set at the center of the concentrating lens. By adjusting the distance between the center of the concentrating lens and the back plate, the lens can be made to have a certain curvature to form a concave surface, thus achieving the purpose of focusing the light. However, it is difficult to ensure that the four corners of the concentrating lens are the same as the back plate. Even if the spacing between them is consistent, the deformation will be uneven after adjusting the concave angle of the concentrating lens, resulting in severe light spot distortion. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar concentrator to solve the problem of uneven deformation of the concave surface of an adjustable solar concentrator.

[0007] To address the above problems, the solar concentrator of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A solar concentrator mirror includes a concentrating lens and a concave backplane. The front side of the concave backplane is a shaping surface for shaping the concentrating lens. The concentrating lens is provided with positioning bolts, and the concave backplane is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positioning bolts on the concentrating lens. The concave backplane and the concentrating lens are tightly fixed through the positioning bolts, so that the concentrating lens generates a concave deformation consistent with the concave backplane.

[0008] Furthermore, the shaping surface of the concave backplane and the non-light-receiving surface of the concentrating lens are further adhesively connected.

[0009] Furthermore, the concave backplane is an embossed plate, and convex ribs protruding towards the concentrating lens are formed on the embossed plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the convex ribs form a "rice" character pattern on the concave backplane.

[0011] Furthermore, a positioning plate is installed at the center of the side of the concave backplane facing away from the shaping surface. Installation holes for installing U-bolts are formed on the positioning plate, and the U-bolts are used to connect and install the truss of the solar concentrator mirror.

[0012] Furthermore, at least three non-linearly distributed adjustment bolt holes are provided at the center of the concave backplane, and corresponding adjustment bolts are provided on the positioning plate. The concave backplane is fixedly connected to the positioning plate through the adjustment bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of installation holes is four, and they are distributed in a "cross" shape at the center of the positioning plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a fixing hole is provided at the center of the concave backplane, and a fixing bolt corresponding to the fixing hole is provided on the concentrating lens.

[0015] Furthermore, the concave backplane is a rectangular plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the concave backplane is a hot-dip galvanized plate.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: This invention is an improved invention. The solar concentrator of this invention includes a concentrating lens and a concave back plate. By pre-designing the concave shape of the back plate, it can meet the usage requirements. The front side of the concave back plate is a shaping surface for shaping the concentrating lens. The concentrating lens is provided with positioning bolts, which simultaneously serve to fix, position, and tighten. The concave back plate is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positioning bolts on the concentrating lens. The concave back plate and the concentrating lens are tightly fixed together by the positioning bolts, so that the concentrating lens produces a concave deformation consistent with the concave back plate. The concave back plate and the positioning bolts enable the concentrating lens to produce a uniform concave deformation, reducing astigmatism and enabling the solar concentrator to focus. At the same time, because the positioning bolts are designed for tightening and fixing to make the concentrating lens produce a deformation consistent with the concave back plate, the concentrating lens can achieve a standardized and universal design, greatly saving production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the solar concentrator of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of the condenser lens and concave back plate; Figure 3 This is a mirror field scheme of one embodiment of the solar concentrator of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of AA; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of BB; Figure 6 This is another mirror field scheme for an embodiment of the solar concentrator of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Concave back plate; 2. Condensing lens; 3. Positioning bolt; 4. Fixing bolt; 5. Adjusting bolt; 6. Positioning plate; 7. U-bolt; 8. Truss; 9. Rib; 10. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0021] Adjusting the concave deformation of condensing lenses is crucial for achieving standardized and universal lens design. The present invention proposes a concave backplate with a positioning structure that tightly and securely connects the condensing lens to the backplate, thereby ensuring that the concave deformation of the condensing lens and the backplate are identical.

[0022] Based on the above ideas, such as Figure 1 , 2As shown, in a basic embodiment, the solar concentrator of the present invention includes a concentrating lens 2 and a concave back plate 1. The concave shape of the back plate 1 is designed in advance to meet the usage requirements. The curvature of the concave surface is determined based on the concave mirror concentrating experiment. The front side of the concave back plate 1 is a shaping surface for shaping the concentrating lens 2. The concentrating lens 2 is provided with positioning bolts 3, which simultaneously serve to fix, position, and tighten. The concave back plate 1 is provided with corresponding positioning bolts 3 on the concentrating lens 2. The positioning hole 10, the concave back plate 1 and the condenser lens 2 are tightly fixed by the positioning bolt 3 so that the condenser lens 2 produces a concave deformation consistent with the concave back plate 1. The concave back plate 1 and the positioning bolt 3 enable the condenser lens to produce a uniform concave deformation, reduce the astigmatism of the condenser lens 2, and enable the solar condenser lens to focus. At the same time, since the positioning bolt 3 is designed to tighten and fix the condenser lens 2 to produce a deformation consistent with the concave back plate 1, the condenser lens 2 can achieve a standardized and universal design, which greatly saves production costs.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the concave back plate 1 and the light-receiving surface of the condenser lens 2 are further connected by adhesive, achieving complete adhesion between the two. This ensures the uniformity of the concave surface of the condenser lens 2, enhancing its structural strength and wind resistance. The positioning bolts 3 are adhesively fixed to the light-receiving surface of the condenser lens 2. The adhesive used is UV-resistant and weather-resistant, reducing the maintenance frequency of the solar condenser lens and achieving a good bonding effect.

[0024] In actual installation, the center of the condenser lens 2 is first aligned with that of the concave back plate 1. The installation position of the positioning bolt 3 is determined by the relative position of the positioning hole 10 on the concave back plate 1 and the condenser lens 2. The positioning bolt 3 is then glued to the non-light-receiving surface of the condenser plate. After the glue on the positioning bolt 3 has solidified, glue is evenly applied to the non-light-receiving surface of the condenser lens 2. Then, the positioning hole of the concave back plate 1 is aligned with the positioning bolt 3 of the condenser lens 2, ensuring complete overlap between the concave back plate 1 and the condenser lens 2. Nuts are used to secure the concave back plate 1 and the non-light-receiving surface of the condenser lens 2, ensuring complete and tight adhesion and creating a uniform concave deformation. In other embodiments, the concave back plate 1 and the condenser lens 2 are further anchored or bolted together based on the aforementioned positioning bolts. Although this may result in a gap compared to glued connections and potential defects, it still functions normally.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the concave back plate 1 is an embossed plate with raised ribs 9 protruding towards the condenser lens 2. This enhances the bending strength of the concave back plate 1 and increases the contact area between the concave back plate 1 and the condenser lens 2, thereby improving the wind resistance of the solar concentrator and extending its service life. In other embodiments, it may not be designed as an embossed plate; although defects may occur, it can still function normally.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the convex ribs 9 form a "rice" - shaped pattern on the concave backplate 1. The "rice" - shaped protrusions along the radial direction can enhance the overall bending strength of the concave backplate 1 and ensure that the curvature of the concave backplate 1 remains unchanged. In other embodiments, other similar patterns can also be set, such as setting only one large circle, which can also achieve a similar effect.

[0027] Such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a positioning plate 6 is installed at the center of the side of the concave backplate 1 facing away from the shaping surface. The positioning plate 6 is provided with mounting holes for installing the U - shaped bolts 7. The U - shaped bolts 7 are used to connect the truss 8 for installing the solar concentrator. This structure reduces the adjustment difficulty during installation. Using the U - shaped bolts 7 for connection makes the connection stable and firm, and at the same time, it is convenient for disassembly during the operation and maintenance of the heat collection device. In other embodiments, without using the positioning plate 6 as an intermediate structure, the solar concentrator plate is directly installed on the truss 8 through the fixing bolts 4. Although the installation difficulty is increased, it can still work properly.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, at least three non - linearly distributed adjustment bolt holes are provided at the center of the concave backplate 1, and corresponding adjustment bolts 5 are provided on the positioning plate 6. The concave backplate 1 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 6 through the adjustment bolts 5. The three non - linear adjustment bolts can control the screwing - in distance to achieve free angle adjustment. The optimal arrangement of the adjustment bolt holes is evenly distributed on a circle with the center of the positioning plate as the center. By adjusting the screwing - in distance of the bolts, the tilt angle of the solar concentrator can be adjusted conveniently and quickly.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the number of mounting holes is four, which are distributed in a "cross" shape at the center of the positioning plate 6. During installation, the installation direction can be freely selected without secondary adjustment. In other embodiments, only two mounting holes are provided. Although the installation process is increased, it can still work properly.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, a fixing hole is provided at the center of the concave backplate 1, and a fixing bolt 4 corresponding to the fixing hole is provided on the condenser lens 2. By connecting the two through the fixing bolt 4 at the center, the stability of the connection between the condenser lens 2 and the concave backplate 1 can be ensured. In other embodiments, without setting the fixing bolt 4, although the connection strength will be reduced, it can still work properly.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the concave backplate 1 is a rectangular plate, which has a lower production and processing difficulty, saves materials, is closely arranged during installation, and has a high space utilization rate. In other embodiments, using shapes such as regular hexagons can achieve similar functions and can still work properly.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the concave back plate 1 is made of hot-dip galvanized material, which has good structural strength and good processability.

[0033] like Figure 3 , 6 As shown, the mirror array structure composed of the solar concentrators of the present invention can adopt various shapes such as rectangular or near-circular. It is convenient to install, disassemble and maintain, and can be used flexibly in combination. The orderly and tight connection between each solar concentrator improves focusing efficiency while reducing the space occupied. By adjusting the installation angle, the focal point of each lens is located at the central heat collection tower, realizing the energy conversion from solar collector to heat collection system.

[0034] During the manufacturing process, the optimal focusing curvature of each solar concentrator is first determined based on on-site surveys and focusing experiments. The concave backplate 1 is made of hot-dip galvanized material. The curvature of the concave backplate 1 template is processed according to the experimental results. Based on the dimensions of the concave backplate 1, a universal concentrator lens 2 is manufactured. The concentrator lens 2 is made of ultra-white float glass, which can effectively reduce scattering and improve the focusing effect. Then, the two are fixed tightly together using the adhesive method described in the preferred embodiment, so that the concentrator lens 2 produces the same concave deformation as the concave backplate 1, preventing phenomena such as light spots. The truss 8 of the solar concentrator is assembled and installed in advance at the installation site according to the design drawings. The solar concentrator is fixed to the positioning plate by adjusting bolts 5. The solar concentrator is hoisted into place on site by engineering machinery. The solar concentrator and truss 8 are fixed with U-bolts 7. Based on the focusing situation after installation, the angle of the solar concentrator is adjusted to the optimal working angle by adjusting bolts 5. Then, the installation and adjustment of each solar concentrator is carried out in sequence until the installation is completed.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the truss 8 structure is fabricated according to the required installation angle. Each segment is arc-shaped and distributed in a checkerboard pattern, with the longitudinal beams being the installation beams and the transverse beams being the support beams. The positional relationship between the various solar concentrators on the same installation beam is staggered between the Nth and N+1th layers in the diagram. The installation angles of the solar concentrators on the Nth and N+1th layers are also different depending on their positions and required focusing angles. During installation, the truss 8 is pre-set based on the results of the focusing experiment, and the position of the truss 8 is used for rough positioning. During hoisting, the concentrator is rotated along the installation beam according to its position to roughly align it with the solar collector tower, and then fixed with U-bolts 7. After fixing, the adjustment bolts 8 are adjusted to allow free rotation within an adjustable range according to the actual focusing effect.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar concentrator, comprising a concentrating lens, characterized in that, The solar concentrator mirror further includes a concave back plate. The front side of the concave back plate is a shaping surface for shaping the concentrator lens. The concentrator lens is provided with positioning bolts, and the concave back plate is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positioning bolts on the concentrator lens. The concave back plate and the concentrator lens are tightly fixed by the positioning bolts, so that the concentrator lens generates a concave deformation consistent with the concave back plate.

2. The solar concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaping surface of the concave back plate and the non-light-receiving surface of the concentrator lens are further adhesively connected.

3. The solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The concave back plate is an embossed plate, and convex ribs protruding toward the side close to the concentrator lens are formed on the embossed plate.

4. The solar concentrator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The convex ribs form a "rice" - shaped pattern on the concave back plate.

5. The solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A positioning plate is installed at the center of the side of the concave back plate facing away from the shaping surface. Mounting holes for installing U - bolts are formed on the positioning plate, and the U - bolts are used to connect and install the truss of the solar concentrator mirror.

6. The solar concentrator according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least three non - linearly distributed adjustment bolt holes are provided at the center of the concave back plate, and corresponding adjustment bolts are provided on the positioning plate. The concave back plate is fixedly connected to the positioning plate through the adjustment bolts.

7. The solar concentrator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the mounting holes is four, and they are distributed in a "cross" shape at the center of the positioning plate.

8. The solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A fixing hole is provided at the center of the concave back plate, and a fixing bolt corresponding to the fixing hole is provided on the concentrator lens.

9. The solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The concave back plate is a rectangular plate.

10. The solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The concave back plate is a hot - dip galvanized plate.

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