A high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test device

Abstract

The application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test device, which comprises a gas supply circulation system, an expander, a sensor assembly, a power generation assembly and a control assembly. The gas supply circulation system comprises a filter, a temperature controller, a compressor, a buffer tank and a pipeline assembly. The filter is located at the gas inlet end of the gas supply circulation system. The compressor is connected with the filter through the pipeline assembly. The temperature controller is arranged between the compressor and the filter. The buffer tank is connected with the compressor through the pipeline assembly. The expander is connected with the buffer tank through the pipeline assembly. The sensor assembly is arranged in the expander. The sensor assembly is configured to detect at least one of the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the airflow in the expander. The power generation assembly is connected with the output shaft of the expander. The control assembly is configured to collect and analyze the detection data of the sensor assembly. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test device provided by the application can measure the internal parameters of the expander and verify the theoretical aerodynamic design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotating machinery, and in particular to a model test device for a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander. Background Technology

[0002] Turbine expanders are essential components for obtaining cooling capacity in air separation equipment, natural gas (petroleum gas) liquefaction separation equipment, and cryogenic pulverizing equipment. They are also the heart of ensuring the stable operation of the entire system. In energy conversion systems, the turbine expander is one of the key components, and its performance directly affects system efficiency. Before manufacturing expanders, it is usually necessary to design a corresponding prototype testing machine for testing to reduce operating costs and improve safety.

[0003] Currently, domestic testing machines are mainly used to test the performance of expanders. By detecting the parameters at the inlet and outlet of the expander mold testing machine, the performance of the expander can be evaluated.

[0004] However, the internal operating conditions of the expander are complex. If the aerodynamic design of the expander's flow passage components is to be verified, simply setting sensors at the inlet and outlet of the test machine cannot accurately detect the key state parameters during the stable operation of the expander. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above problems, this application proposes a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment, which can perform microscopic measurements of the process parameters of the internal flow components of the expander 200, and quickly calibrate the aerodynamic design of the flow structure based on this test equipment, conduct a series of verifications of the aerodynamic design, help to propose design improvement suggestions, and facilitate the rapid localization of high-pressure natural gas turbine expanders.

[0006] This application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test apparatus, comprising:

[0007] The air supply circulation system 100 includes a filter 101, a thermostat 102, a compressor 103, a buffer tank 104, and a piping assembly 110. The filter 101 is located at the air inlet of the air supply circulation system 100. The compressor 103 is connected to the filter 101 through the piping assembly 110. The thermostat 102 is located between the compressor 103 and the filter 101. The buffer tank 104 is connected to the compressor 103 through the piping assembly 110.

[0008] Expander 200 is connected to buffer tank 104 via piping assembly 110; buffer tank 104 is configured to supply high-pressure gas to expander 200.

[0009] Sensor assembly 210 is disposed in expander 200; sensor assembly 210 is configured to detect at least one of temperature, pressure and flow rate of airflow within expander 200.

[0010] The power generation component 300 is connected to the output shaft of the expander 200.

[0011] Control component 400 is configured to acquire and analyze detection data from sensor component 210.

[0012] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the pipeline assembly 110 includes a first return branch 111 and a second return branch 112; the expander 200 has an inlet 204 and an outlet 205, the inlet 204 being connected to the buffer tank 104; and the outlet 205 being selectively connected to the first return branch 111 and the second return branch 112.

[0013] When p ≥ 1.1p0, the air outlet 205 is connected to the buffer tank 104 through the first return branch 111; when p < 1.1p0, the air outlet 205 is connected to the temperature controller 102 through the second return branch 112; p is the air pressure value of the air outlet 205, and p0 is the air pressure value of the external environment.

[0014] As an alternative approach, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device. The expander 200 includes a housing 201, a nozzle assembly 202, and an impeller 203. The nozzle assembly 202 and the impeller 203 are disposed inside the housing 201. The impeller 203 is arranged around the periphery of the nozzle assembly 202 and is coaxially connected to the output shaft. The nozzle assembly 202 has a plurality of nozzle blades spaced apart around its circumferential edge. An air outlet channel is formed between adjacent nozzle blades, and the airflow in the air outlet channel blows toward the impeller 203.

[0015] The sensor assembly 210 includes a nozzle inlet sensor and a nozzle outlet sensor. The nozzle inlet sensor is located at the inlet of the air outlet channel, and the nozzle outlet sensor is located at the outlet of the air outlet channel. The nozzle inlet sensor and the nozzle outlet sensor are opposite to different channels.

[0016] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the nozzle inlet sensor includes a first temperature sensor 211 and a first pressure sensor 212, and the first temperature sensor 211 and the first pressure sensor 212 are arranged at least one air outlet channel apart.

[0017] The first temperature sensor 211 is located in the middle of the air outlet inlet, and the measuring end of the first temperature sensor 211 protrudes from the wall of the air outlet into the air outlet; the first pressure sensor 212 is set perpendicular to the wall of the air outlet, and the detection end of the first pressure sensor 212 is flush with the wall of the air outlet.

[0018] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the nozzle outlet sensor includes a second temperature sensor 213, a second pressure sensor 214 and a first wind speed sensor 215, and the second temperature sensor 213, the second pressure sensor 214 and the first wind speed sensor 215 are arranged at least one air outlet channel apart from each other.

[0019] The distance between the second temperature sensor 213 and its opposite nozzle blade is equal to the distance between the second temperature sensor 213 and the impeller 203; the second pressure sensor 214 is located on the annular surface outside the outlet of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the second pressure sensor 214 is flush with the annular surface; the first wind speed sensor 215 extends to the middle of the outlet of the air outlet channel.

[0020] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device. The sensor assembly 210 further includes an impeller inlet sensor and an impeller outlet sensor. The impeller inlet sensor is disposed on the annular surface of the outer edge of the nozzle assembly 202. The impeller outlet sensor is located on the circumferential outer side of the impeller 203 and is connected to the housing 201.

[0021] As an alternative approach, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device. The impeller inlet sensor includes a third temperature sensor 216, a third pressure sensor 217, and a second wind speed sensor 218. The third temperature sensor 216 is located between two nozzle blades and has a gap with the inner edge of the impeller 203. The third pressure sensor 217 is located on the annular surface outside the outlet of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the third pressure sensor 217 is flush with the annular surface. The second wind speed sensor 218 is a hot-wire wind speed sensor, and the hot wire of the second wind speed sensor 218 is arranged along the circumferential edge of the nozzle assembly 202.

[0022] As an alternative approach, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the impeller outlet sensor includes a fourth temperature sensor 219, a fourth pressure sensor 220 and a third wind speed sensor 221; the impeller 203 includes a plurality of impeller blades arranged circumferentially around it, and the fourth temperature sensor 219, the fourth pressure sensor 220 and the third wind speed sensor 221 are spaced apart by at least two impeller blades.

[0023] The distances between the fourth temperature sensor 219, the fourth pressure sensor 220, and the third wind speed sensor 221 along the radial direction of the impeller 203 and the outer circumferential edge of the impeller 203 are all less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0024] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the sensor assembly 210 includes an expander inlet sensor and an expander outlet sensor. The expander inlet sensor is located in the pipeline assembly 110 at the air inlet of the expander 200; the expander outlet sensor is located in the pipeline assembly 110 at the air outlet of the expander 200.

[0025] The expander inlet sensors include a flow sensor 222, a temperature and humidity sensor 223, and a fifth pressure sensor 224. The diameter of the pipe where the flow sensor 222 is located is larger than the diameter of the air inlet. The temperature and humidity sensor 223 is located at the same cross-section of the pipe where the fifth pressure sensor 224 is located, and the distance from the air inlet is 5mm-10mm.

[0026] The expander outlet sensors include a fifth temperature sensor 225 and a sixth pressure sensor 226; the fifth temperature sensor 225 is located at the same cross-sectional position as the sixth pressure sensor 226 in the pipeline, and the distance from the outlet is 10mm-15mm.

[0027] This application provides a method for modeling a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander, used in the aforementioned high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test equipment. The method includes:

[0028] The gas supply circulation system 100 is started to introduce high-pressure gas into the expander 200.

[0029] Gas data within the expander 200 is collected by sensor assembly 210 and transmitted to control assembly 400. The gas data includes at least one of temperature, pressure, and flow rate.

[0030] The gas physical property parameters are calculated from the gas data and compared with the preset gas parameters to determine whether the error ratio between the two does not exceed 5%.

[0031] This application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment, including a gas supply circulation system 100, an expander 200, a sensor assembly 210, a power generation assembly 300, and a control assembly 400. The gas supply circulation system 100 includes a filter 101, a thermostat 102, a compressor 103, a buffer tank 104, and a piping assembly 110. The filter 101 is located at the air inlet of the gas supply circulation system 100. The compressor 103 is connected to the filter 101 through the piping assembly 110. The thermostat 102 is located between the compressor 103 and the filter 101. The buffer tank 104 is connected to the compressor 103 through the piping assembly 110. The expander 200 is connected to the buffer tank 104 through the piping assembly 110. The buffer tank 104 is configured to supply high-pressure gas to the expander 200. A sensor assembly 210 is located in the expander 200. The sensor assembly 210 is configured to detect at least one of the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the airflow inside the expander 200. A power generation assembly 300 is connected to the output shaft of the expander 200. A control assembly 400 is configured to acquire and analyze the detection data from the sensor assembly 210. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment provided in this application can measure the internal gas flow parameters of the expander 200, verify the theoretical aerodynamic design, and help to propose design improvement suggestions. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 A side view of a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 A top view of a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the expander in a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal sensor installation of a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 6This application provides a structural diagram of the nozzle and impeller replacement design for a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the aerodynamic design verification process for a flow passage component provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0040] In the diagram: 100 - Air supply circulation system; 101 - Filter; 102 - Thermostat; 103 - Compressor; 104 - Buffer tank; 110 - Piping assembly; 111 - First return branch; 112 - Second return branch; 113 - Third return branch; 114 - Proportional regulating valve; 200 - Expander; 201 - Housing; 202 - Nozzle; 203 - Impeller; 204 - Air inlet; 205 - Air outlet; 206 - Photoelectric counting tachometer; 207 - Protrusion; 208 - Recess; 210 - Sensor assembly; 211 - First temperature sensor; 212 - First pressure sensor; 213 - Second pressure sensor. 214-Second pressure sensor; 215-First wind speed sensor; 216-Third temperature sensor; 217-Third pressure sensor; 218-Second wind speed sensor; 219-Fourth temperature sensor; 220-Fourth pressure sensor; 221-Third wind speed sensor; 222-Flow sensor; 223-Temperature and humidity sensor; 224-Fifth pressure sensor; 225-Fifth temperature sensor; 226-Sixth pressure sensor; 300-Power generation component; 310-Transmission; 320-Generator; 400-Control component; 401-Data acquisition unit; 402-Control center. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0042] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be used interchangeably where appropriate. For example, without departing from the scope of this document, first information can also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information can also be referred to as first information.

[0043] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0044] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms “a,” “one,” and “the” are intended to also include the plural forms, unless the context indicates otherwise.

[0045] It should be further understood that the terms “comprising” or “including” indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups.

[0046] The terms “or” and “and / or” as used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination thereof. Therefore, “A, B, and / or C” means “any one of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B, and C.” Exceptions to this definition occur only when combinations of elements, functions, steps, or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0047] Turbine expanders are crucial components essential for obtaining cooling capacity in air separation equipment, natural gas (petroleum gas) liquefaction separation equipment, and cryogenic pulverizing equipment; they are also the heart of ensuring the stable operation of the entire system. In energy conversion systems, the turbine expander is a key component, and its performance directly affects system efficiency. Directly establishing a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander test chamber presents challenges such as high cost, low safety, and long development cycles. Therefore, a safe and low-cost modular test platform is needed to evaluate and optimize turbine expander performance, reduce operating costs, improve safety, and provide a software development platform and operational reference for expander 200 fault diagnosis. Currently, domestic test chambers mainly focus on testing expander 200 performance by detecting parameters at the inlet and outlet of the modular test chamber. However, the internal operating conditions of the expander 200 are complex. Simply installing sensors at the inlet and outlet of the test chamber to verify the aerodynamic design of the expander 200's flow path components cannot accurately detect the key state parameters during stable operation.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 This application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test apparatus, comprising:

[0049] The air supply circulation system 100 includes a filter 101, a thermostat 102, a compressor 103, a buffer tank 104, and a piping assembly 110. The filter 101 is located at the air inlet of the air supply circulation system 100. The compressor 103 is connected to the filter 101 through the piping assembly 110. The thermostat 102 is located between the compressor 103 and the filter 101. The buffer tank 104 is connected to the compressor 103 through the piping assembly 110.

[0050] Expander 200 is connected to buffer tank 104 via piping assembly 110; buffer tank 104 is configured to supply high-pressure gas to expander 200.

[0051] Sensor assembly 210 is disposed in expander 200; sensor assembly 210 is configured to detect at least one of temperature, pressure and flow rate of airflow within expander 200.

[0052] The power generation component 300 is connected to the output shaft of the expander 200.

[0053] Control component 400 is configured to acquire and analyze detection data from sensor component 210.

[0054] The filter 101, temperature controller 102, compressor 103, buffer tank 104, and piping assembly 110 provide the expander 200 with inlet air conditions of a certain dryness, temperature, and pressure. The expander 200 can be a centrifugal turbine expander, which utilizes the high-speed airflow generated during the expansion of high-pressure gas to impact the working impeller 203. The impeller 203 rotates at high speed, and simultaneously, the temperature and pressure of the expanded gas decrease, converting the gas's internal energy into mechanical energy. The rotational speed of the impeller 203 can be detected by a photoelectric counting tachometer 206. The expander 200 is connected to a power generation assembly 300, which includes a gearbox 310 and a generator 320. The gearbox 310 can be a helical gearbox. During connection, the coaxiality of the expander 200 and gearbox 310, and the gearbox 310 and generator 320 must be ensured. The installation of the expander 200 and helical gearbox 310 needs to consider the direction of rotation and gear helix alignment to minimize axial force. The high-speed rotating impeller 203 can perform external work. After being slowed down by the gearbox 310, it generates electricity via the generator 320, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and recovering energy. The sensor assembly 210 can be located on the side away from the outlet of the expander 200 to detect the gas flow parameters inside the expander 200. The gas parameters detected by the sensor assembly 210 are transmitted back to the control assembly 400 for analysis and verification of the theoretical aerodynamic design. A schematic diagram of the connections of each component is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0055] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the pipeline assembly 110 includes a first return branch 111 and a second return branch 112; the expander 200 has an inlet 204 and an outlet 205, the inlet 204 being connected to the buffer tank 104; and the outlet 205 being selectively connected to the first return branch 111 and the second return branch 112.

[0056] When p ≥ 1.1p0, the air outlet 205 is connected to the buffer tank 104 through the first return branch 111; when p < 1.1p0, the air outlet 205 is connected to the temperature controller 102 through the second return branch 112; p is the air pressure value of the air outlet 205, and p0 is the air pressure value of the external environment.

[0057] The gas discharged from the expander 200 outlet can be returned via pipeline to the thermostat 102 or buffer tank 104 before the compressor 103 for reuse, saving energy. A proportional regulating valve 114 compares the gas pressure p discharged from the expander 200 outlet with the ambient air pressure p0: when p ≥ 1.1p0, the gas from the outlet 205 is fed into the buffer tank 104 via the first return branch 111 for recycling; when p < 1.1p0, the gas from the outlet 205 is fed into the thermostat 102 via the second return branch 112, where it is mixed with freshly filtered air for recycling. Figure 3 The piping assembly 110 is also provided with a third return branch 113, which is connected to the air inlet 204 of the expander 200. The gas pressure at the air inlet 204 of the expander 200 can be adjusted by a valve.

[0058] As an alternative approach, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device. The expander 200 includes a housing 201, a nozzle assembly 202, and an impeller 203. The nozzle assembly 202 and the impeller 203 are disposed inside the housing 201. The impeller 203 is arranged around the periphery of the nozzle assembly 202 and is coaxially connected to the output shaft. The nozzle assembly 202 has a plurality of nozzle blades spaced apart around its circumferential edge. An air outlet channel is formed between adjacent nozzle blades, and the airflow in the air outlet channel blows toward the impeller 203.

[0059] The sensor assembly 210 includes a nozzle inlet sensor and a nozzle outlet sensor. The nozzle inlet sensor is located at the inlet of the air outlet channel, and the nozzle outlet sensor is located at the outlet of the air outlet channel. The nozzle inlet sensor and the nozzle outlet sensor are opposite to different channels.

[0060] like Figure 4 , Figure 5The expander 200 can be centrifugal. The nozzle assembly 202 is closer to the shaft than the impeller 203. To prevent the upstream sensor of the gas flow channel from affecting the parameter detection of the downstream sensor, the nozzle inlet sensor and the nozzle outlet sensor are set at corresponding positions in different gas flow channels.

[0061] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the nozzle inlet sensor includes a first temperature sensor 211 and a first pressure sensor 212, and the first temperature sensor 211 and the first pressure sensor 212 are arranged at least one air outlet channel apart.

[0062] like Figure 5 The first temperature sensor 211 is located in the middle of the air outlet inlet, and the measuring end of the first temperature sensor 211 protrudes from the wall of the air outlet into the air outlet; the first pressure sensor 212 is set perpendicular to the wall of the air outlet, and the detection end of the first pressure sensor 212 is flush with the wall of the air outlet.

[0063] The first temperature sensor 211 and the first pressure sensor 212 measure the gas temperature and pressure at the nozzle inlet, respectively. To avoid mutual interference between the sensors, the first temperature sensor 211 and the first pressure sensor 212 are set apart by at least one air outlet channel, that is, at least two nozzle blades apart. The measurement point of the first temperature sensor 211 can be set at 1 / 2 height of the nozzle blade.

[0064] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the nozzle outlet sensor includes a second temperature sensor 213, a second pressure sensor 214 and a first wind speed sensor 215, and the second temperature sensor 213, the second pressure sensor 214 and the first wind speed sensor 215 are arranged at least one air outlet channel apart from each other.

[0065] The distance between the second temperature sensor 213 and its opposite nozzle blade is equal to the distance between the second temperature sensor 213 and the impeller 203; the second pressure sensor 214 is located on the annular surface outside the outlet of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the second pressure sensor 214 is flush with the annular surface; the first wind speed sensor 215 extends to the middle of the outlet of the air outlet channel.

[0066] like Figure 5The second temperature sensor 213, the second pressure sensor 214, and the first wind speed sensor 215 measure the gas temperature, pressure, and wind speed at the nozzle outlet, respectively. The first wind speed sensor 215 can be a miniature hot-wire anemometer, which is vertically mounted on the wall of the housing 201 at the center of the nozzle outlet flow channel, with the measuring probe extending to the middle of the flow channel and the hot wire facing the incoming flow. Measuring the gas parameters at the nozzle inlet and outlet allows for understanding the expansion and cooling of the medium as it passes through the nozzle, and the aerodynamic design of the nozzle can be verified using aerodynamic verification methods.

[0067] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device. The sensor assembly 210 further includes an impeller inlet sensor and an impeller outlet sensor. The impeller inlet sensor is disposed on the annular surface of the outer edge of the nozzle assembly 202. The impeller outlet sensor is located on the circumferential outer side of the impeller 203 and is connected to the housing 201.

[0068] like Figure 5 Measuring the gas parameters at the inlet and outlet of impeller 203 allows us to understand the changes in gas parameters after the gas passes through impeller 203 and its internal energy is converted into mechanical energy. The aerodynamic design of impeller 203 can then be verified using aerodynamic verification methods.

[0069] As an alternative approach, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device. The impeller inlet sensor includes a third temperature sensor 216, a third pressure sensor 217, and a second wind speed sensor 218. The third temperature sensor 216 is located between two nozzle blades and has a gap with the inner edge of the impeller 203. The third pressure sensor 217 is located on the annular surface outside the outlet of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the third pressure sensor 217 is flush with the annular surface. The second wind speed sensor 218 is a hot-wire wind speed sensor, and the hot wire of the second wind speed sensor 218 is arranged along the circumferential edge of the nozzle assembly 202.

[0070] like Figure 5 Because the nozzle outlet and impeller 203 inlet are very close and the impeller 203 rotates, the impeller 203 inlet parameter measurement sensor is installed on the housing 201 near the nozzle outlet, with the installation position close to the nozzle outlet and the measurement point as close as possible to the impeller 203 inlet. All measurement sensors must be kept away from rotating parts. Specifically, the second wind speed sensor 218 is installed close to the nozzle, with the hot wire portion measuring the speed as close as possible to the impeller 203. The hot wire is arranged circumferentially, approximately 1 mm from the impeller 203 inlet annular surface, to avoid collision. The third temperature sensor 216 has its temperature measuring end located between the two impeller blades 203, 1 mm from the inlet annular surface.

[0071] As an alternative approach, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the impeller outlet sensor includes a fourth temperature sensor 219, a fourth pressure sensor 220 and a third wind speed sensor 221; the impeller 203 includes a plurality of impeller blades arranged circumferentially around it, and the fourth temperature sensor 219, the fourth pressure sensor 220 and the third wind speed sensor 221 are spaced apart by at least two impeller blades.

[0072] The distances between the fourth temperature sensor 219, the fourth pressure sensor 220, and the third wind speed sensor 221 along the radial direction of the impeller 203 and the outer circumferential edge of the impeller 203 are all less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0073] The fourth temperature sensor 219, the fourth pressure sensor 220 and the third wind speed sensor 221 are installed on the stationary housing 201 outside the impeller 203. The third wind speed sensor 221 can be a miniature wind speed sensor, and the measuring head is arranged in the opposite direction along the outlet angle of the impeller 203.

[0074] As an alternative, this application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test device, wherein the sensor assembly 210 includes an expander inlet sensor and an expander outlet sensor. The expander inlet sensor is located in the pipeline assembly 110 at the air inlet of the expander 200; the expander outlet sensor is located in the pipeline assembly 110 at the air outlet of the expander 200.

[0075] The expander inlet sensors include a flow sensor 222, a temperature and humidity sensor 223, and a fifth pressure sensor 224. The diameter of the pipe where the flow sensor 222 is located is larger than the diameter of the air inlet. The temperature and humidity sensor 223 is located at the same cross-section of the pipe where the fifth pressure sensor 224 is located, and the distance from the air inlet is 5mm-10mm.

[0076] The expander outlet sensors include a fifth temperature sensor 225 and a sixth pressure sensor 226; the fifth temperature sensor 225 is located at the same cross-sectional position as the sixth pressure sensor 226 in the pipeline, and the distance from the outlet is 10mm-15mm.

[0077] like Figure 4 The flow sensor 222, temperature and humidity sensor 223, and fifth pressure sensor 224 can measure the gas flow rate, temperature, and pressure at the expander inlet. By referring to the measured gas parameters at the expander inlet, the flow rate, temperature, and humidity of the supplied gas can be adjusted to make the medium conditions reach the expected values. The fifth temperature sensor 225 and the sixth pressure sensor 226 can measure the temperature and pressure of the gas at the expander outlet.

[0078] This application provides a method for modeling a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander, used in the aforementioned high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test equipment. The method includes:

[0079] The gas supply circulation system 100 is started to introduce high-pressure gas into the expander 200.

[0080] Gas data within the expander 200 is collected by sensor assembly 210 and transmitted to control assembly 400. The gas data includes at least one of temperature, pressure, and flow rate.

[0081] The gas physical property parameters are calculated from the gas data and compared with the preset gas parameters to determine whether the error ratio between the two does not exceed 5%.

[0082] The control component 400 includes a data acquisition unit 401 and a control center 402. The data acquisition unit 401 collects sensor signals and converts them into digital signals, which are then uploaded to the control center 402.

[0083] To make the model test method for the high-pressure natural gas turbine expander in this application clearer and easier to understand, the following detailed explanation is provided in conjunction with specific experimental steps. The test method is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.

[0084] This application provides a model test method for a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander, and the specific test steps are as follows:

[0085] The first step is to start the test. Based on feedback from the gas flow meter and temperature and humidity measurement unit before the expander inlet, adjust the gas supply flow, temperature, and humidity to achieve the expected medium conditions. Flow is controlled by valves, temperature by a thermostat, and humidity by a filter. A humidifier can be added as needed to increase gas humidity.

[0086] The second step involves using a miniature sensor to measure various key parameters inside the expander 200 according to the above-mentioned test method for flow passage components. The measured data is then transmitted to the control center 402 via the data acquisition unit 401 for data recording and analysis.

[0087] The third step is to obtain the gas physical property parameters. Control center 402 retrieves the expander inlet specific enthalpy i0 based on the expander inlet parameters, and obtains the nozzle outlet isentropic specific enthalpy i based on the nozzle inlet and outlet measured parameters. 1s Calculate the isentropic specific enthalpy drop h at the nozzle based on the actual specific enthalpy i1 at the nozzle outlet. 1s =i0-i 1s Similarly, the isentropic enthalpy i at the impeller 203 outlet can be found based on the measured parameters at the impeller 203 outlet. 2s Then, the specific enthalpy drop h of the flow path is calculated. s Based on parameters such as outlet temperature and pressure of impeller 203, the theoretical specific enthalpy i at the outlet of impeller 203 is obtained.2s "and the isentropic ratio enthalpy of the impeller 203 outlet" 2s The expander outlet specific enthalpy i3 is obtained by looking up the expander outlet parameters. The compressibility factors Z0 and Z1 at the expander inlet and nozzle outlet can be measured respectively based on the measurement parameters.

[0088] The reaction degree of the expander 200 can be calculated according to the following formula. If the error is not more than 5%, the design is considered reasonable.

[0089] Ω=1-h 1s / h s '

[0090] The isentropic enthalpy drop in impeller 203 can be calculated using the following formula based on the measured parameters at the impeller outlet:

[0091] h 2s =i1-i 2s "

[0092] The fourth step is to verify the nozzle exit speed.

[0093] The airflow velocity coefficient in the nozzle can be calculated according to the following formula. If the error is not more than 5% and the resulting performance degradation of the expander 200 is not more than 5%, the design is considered reasonable.

[0094]

[0095] Calculate the nozzle outlet air density using the following formula based on the measurement results.

[0096]

[0097] Where: p1 is the measured nozzle outlet pressure, T1 is the measured nozzle outlet temperature, Z1 is the gas compressibility factor, and R is the gas constant.

[0098] The nozzle exit velocity can be calculated using the following formula. The measured value is then compared with the calculated value to verify the correctness of the nozzle aerodynamic design and to estimate the flow loss in the nozzle.

[0099]

[0100] Among them: Z n b is the number of nozzle blades. N L is the nozzle outlet flow channel width. N This refers to the nozzle blade height.

[0101] The fifth step is to verify the outlet speed of impeller 203.

[0102] Verify the inlet velocity of impeller 203 using the following formula:

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] Where: D1 is the inlet diameter of impeller 203, l1 is the height of impeller 203, β1 is the inlet airflow angle of impeller 203 (β1 can be determined from the inlet velocity triangle of impeller 203), ρ1 can be obtained from the medium properties based on the inlet velocity of impeller 203, and τ1 is the inlet narrowing coefficient of impeller 203.

[0106]

[0107] The isentropic ideal velocity of the airflow passing through impeller 203 is:

[0108]

[0109] Based on the measured relative velocity w2 at the impeller 203 outlet and the isentropic ideal velocity c s The airflow velocity coefficient in impeller 203 can be calculated:

[0110]

[0111] If the calculated value of the airflow velocity coefficient in impeller 203 is compared with the design value, and the error does not exceed 5%, and the resulting performance degradation of expander 200 does not exceed 5%, the design is considered reasonable.

[0112]

[0113] If the relative error between the calculated or measured value and the design value exceeds 5%, the installation angle of the nozzle or impeller 203 shall be redesigned or adjusted according to the improvement reference provided by the control center.

[0114] Other relevant parameter measurements: The rotational speed of the expander 200 shaft was measured using a photoelectric counting tachometer. The voltage and current of the generator 320 were measured using a digital multimeter.

[0115] All measuring instruments must be calibrated according to the relevant national standards before use, and all measured data must be transmitted to the host computer for storage, analysis and processing.

[0116] like Figure 6 Dodecagonal protrusions 207 are machined on the expander housing 201. Dodecagonal recesses 208 of the same size are machined on the same side of the impeller 203 and the nozzle. The height of the protrusion 207 is 1 / 3 of the nozzle thickness, and the height of the recess 208 is 2mm deeper than 1 / 3 of the nozzle thickness. The dodecagonal protrusions 207 and the recesses 208 adopt a moderate interference fit, which facilitates quick replacement of the nozzle and impeller 203 and adjustment of the installation angle of the nozzle and impeller 203, and completes the serial design verification of different flow passage component structures.

[0117] This application provides a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment, including a gas supply circulation system 100, an expander 200, a sensor assembly 210, a power generation assembly 300, and a control assembly 400. The gas supply circulation system 100 includes a filter 101, a thermostat 102, a compressor 103, a buffer tank 104, and a piping assembly 110. The filter 101 is located at the air inlet of the gas supply circulation system 100. The compressor 103 is connected to the filter 101 through the piping assembly 110. The thermostat 102 is located between the compressor 103 and the filter 101. The buffer tank 104 is connected to the compressor 103 through the piping assembly 110. The expander 200 is connected to the buffer tank 104 through the piping assembly 110. The buffer tank 104 is configured to supply high-pressure gas to the expander 200. A sensor assembly 210 is located in the expander 200. The sensor assembly 210 is configured to detect at least one of the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the airflow inside the expander 200. A power generation assembly 300 is connected to the output shaft of the expander 200. A control assembly 400 is configured to acquire and analyze the detection data from the sensor assembly 210. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment provided in this application can measure the internal gas flow parameters of the expander 200, verify the theoretical aerodynamic design, and help to propose design improvement suggestions.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A model test apparatus for a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander, characterized in that, include: An air supply circulation system (100) includes a filter (101), a thermostat (102), a compressor (103), a buffer tank (104), and a piping assembly (110). The filter (101) is located at the air inlet of the air supply circulation system (100). The compressor (103) is connected to the filter (101) through the piping assembly (110). The thermostat (102) is located between the compressor (103) and the filter (101). The buffer tank (104) is connected to the compressor (103) through the piping assembly (110). An expander (200) is connected to a buffer tank (104) via a piping assembly (110); the buffer tank (104) is configured to supply high-pressure gas to the expander (200). A sensor assembly (210) is disposed in the expander (200); the sensor assembly (210) is configured to detect at least one of the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the airflow within the expander (200); A power generation assembly (300) is connected to the output shaft of the expander (200); A control component (500) is configured to acquire detection data from the sensor component (210) and analyze the detection data.

2. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piping assembly (110) includes a first return branch (111) and a second return branch (112); the expander (200) has an air inlet (204) and an air outlet (205), the air inlet (204) being connected to the buffer tank (104); the air outlet (205) being selectively connected to the first return branch (111) and the second return branch (112); Wherein, when p≥1.1p0, the air outlet (205) is connected to the buffer tank (104) through the first return branch (111); when p<1.1p0, the air outlet (205) is connected to the temperature controller (102) through the second return branch (112); p is the air pressure value of the air outlet (205), and p0 is the air pressure value of the external environment.

3. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expander (200) includes a housing (201), a nozzle assembly (202), and an impeller (203). The nozzle assembly (202) and the impeller (203) are disposed inside the housing (201). The impeller (203) is arranged around the periphery of the nozzle assembly (202) and is coaxially connected to the output shaft. The nozzle assembly (202) has a plurality of nozzle blades spaced apart around its circumferential edge. An air outlet channel is formed between adjacent nozzle blades, and the airflow in the air outlet channel blows toward the impeller (203). The sensor assembly (210) includes a nozzle inlet sensor and a nozzle outlet sensor. The nozzle inlet sensor is located at the inlet of the air outlet channel, and the nozzle outlet sensor is located at the outlet of the air outlet channel. The nozzle inlet sensor and the nozzle outlet sensor are opposite to different channels.

4. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle inlet sensor includes a first temperature sensor (211) and a first pressure sensor (212), wherein the first temperature sensor (211) and the first pressure sensor (212) are spaced apart from at least one of the air outlet channels; The first temperature sensor (211) is located in the middle of the air outlet channel inlet, and the measuring end of the first temperature sensor (211) protrudes from the wall of the air outlet channel into the air outlet channel; the first pressure sensor (212) is set perpendicular to the wall of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the first pressure sensor (212) is flush with the wall of the air outlet channel.

5. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle outlet sensor includes a second temperature sensor (213), a second pressure sensor (214), and a first wind speed sensor (215), wherein the second temperature sensor (213), the second pressure sensor (214), and the first wind speed sensor (215) are arranged at least one air outlet channel apart from each other; The distance between the second temperature sensor (213) and the nozzle blade opposite it is equal to the distance between the second temperature sensor (213) and the impeller (203); the second pressure sensor (214) is located on the annular surface outside the outlet of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the second pressure sensor (214) is flush with the annular surface; the first wind speed sensor (215) extends to the middle of the outlet of the air outlet channel.

6. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sensor assembly (210) further includes an impeller inlet sensor and an impeller outlet sensor. The impeller inlet sensor is disposed on the annular surface of the outer edge of the nozzle assembly (202). The impeller outlet sensor is located on the circumferential outer side of the impeller (203) and is connected to the housing (201).

7. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The impeller inlet sensor includes a third temperature sensor (216), a third pressure sensor (217), and a second wind speed sensor (218); the third temperature sensor (216) is located between the two nozzle blades and has a gap with the inner edge of the impeller (203); the third pressure sensor (217) is located on the annular surface outside the outlet of the air outlet channel, and the detection end of the third pressure sensor (217) is flush with the annular surface; the second wind speed sensor (218) is a hot-wire wind speed sensor, and the hot wire of the second wind speed sensor (218) is arranged along the circumferential edge of the nozzle assembly (202).

8. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The impeller outlet sensor includes a fourth temperature sensor (219), a fourth pressure sensor (220), and a third wind speed sensor (221); the impeller (203) includes a plurality of impeller blades spaced apart around its circumference, and the fourth temperature sensor (219), the fourth pressure sensor (220), and the third wind speed sensor (221) are spaced apart by at least two impeller blades from each other; The distance between the fourth temperature sensor (219), the fourth pressure sensor (220), and the third wind speed sensor (221) and the outer edge of the impeller (203) along the radial direction of the impeller (203) is less than or equal to 2 mm.

9. The high-pressure natural gas turbine expander model test equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensor assembly (210) includes an expander inlet sensor and an expander outlet sensor. The expander inlet sensor is located at the air inlet of the expander (200) in the pipeline assembly (110); the expander outlet sensor is located at the air outlet of the expander (200) in the pipeline assembly (110). The expander inlet sensor includes a flow sensor (222), a temperature and humidity sensor (223), and a fifth pressure sensor (224). The diameter of the pipe where the flow sensor (222) is located is larger than the diameter of the air inlet. The temperature and humidity sensor (223) is located at the same cross-sectional position as the fifth pressure sensor (224) in the pipe, and the distance from the air inlet is 5mm-10mm. The expander outlet sensor includes a fifth temperature sensor (225) and a sixth pressure sensor (226); the fifth temperature sensor (225) is located at the same cross-sectional position as the sixth pressure sensor (226) in the pipeline, and the distance from the air outlet is 10mm-15mm.

10. A model test method for a high-pressure natural gas turbine expander, characterized in that, The method is used in the high-pressure natural gas turbine expander modeling test equipment as described in any one of claims 1-9, and the method includes: The gas supply circulation system (100) is started to introduce high-pressure gas into the expander (200); Gas data within the expander (200) is acquired by the sensor assembly (210) and transmitted to the control assembly (400), the gas data including at least one of temperature, pressure and flow rate; The gas physical property parameters are calculated using the gas data and compared with preset gas parameters to determine whether the error ratio between the two does not exceed 5%.

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