Visual rheometer for simulating high temperature and high pressure environment in well

Abstract

The application provides a visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environment in a well, and relates to the technical field of well rheometers.The rheometer comprises a rheometer body for detecting flow characteristics of a fluid, a mounting mechanism for mounting the rheometer body, a fluid being capable of flowing in the interior of the mounting mechanism, a mounting seat for mounting the mounting mechanism, and a fluid containing cavity and a heating assembly for heating the fluid being arranged in the mounting seat.The application aims at the problems of the prior rheometer, such as difficulty in stably and truly simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environment in an oil well, easy influence of measuring precision by pressure and non-Newtonian characteristics of the fluid, and insufficient visualization capacity, and realizes integrated integration of high-temperature and high-pressure environment simulation, rheological detection and real-time observation through systematic design of the mounting mechanism, the pressurizing mode, the isolation structure and the observation means, thereby improving the measuring precision of fluid rheological parameter measurement while ensuring the safety of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of well rheometer technology, and more specifically, relates to a visual rheometer that simulates the high temperature and high pressure environment in a well. Background Technology

[0002] In oil extraction operations, the rheological properties (including viscosity, shear rate, yield stress, etc.) of fluids (such as crude oil and drilling fluid) within the wellbore are key fundamental parameters for optimizing extraction processes, ensuring wellbore safety, and improving extraction efficiency. However, the downhole environment of oil wells is characterized by significant high temperature and high pressure, with temperatures typically reaching 150-200℃ or even higher, and pressures exceeding 100MPa. This places stringent requirements on the accurate measurement of fluid rheological properties. Surface rheometers need to simulate the extreme downhole environment to measure the rheological properties (such as viscosity, yield stress, thixotropy, etc.) of drilling fluids, mud, fracturing fluids, etc., under high temperature and high pressure, ensuring the safety and efficiency of downhole operations.

[0003] Currently, most existing rheometers cannot stably simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure coupled environment in wells. The pressure compensation mechanism is usually based on the Newtonian fluid assumption. However, most existing rheometers have low sensitivity to water-based fluid pressure and high sensitivity to oil-based fluid pressure. For oil-based fluids, non-Newtonian behavior under high pressure (such as shear thickening) will cause the torque-viscosity conversion relationship to fail, resulting in a large difference between the measurement results and the actual values. In addition, the visualization capabilities of existing rheometers are limited. They mostly rely on indirect parameters such as torque and pressure difference to estimate fluid viscosity, making it difficult to capture the dynamic changes inside the fluid. At the same time, the integration of existing high-temperature and high-pressure reactors and rheological measurement modules is low, and it is impossible to achieve the integration of "environmental simulation-rheological detection-real-time observation". Therefore, existing ground rheometers have the problem of large measurement accuracy deviation when simulating high-pressure environments in wells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a visual rheometer that simulates the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in a well, thereby resolving the aforementioned issues.

[0005] A visual rheometer simulating the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in a well, comprising:

[0006] The rheometer body, which is used to detect the flow characteristics of fluids;

[0007] The mounting mechanism is used to mount the rheometer body. Fluid can flow inside the mounting mechanism. The pressure of the fluid inside the mounting mechanism can change from a first value to a second value, or from a second value to a first value, with the second value being higher than the first value.

[0008] The mounting base is used for mounting the mounting mechanism. The mounting base is provided with a fluid receiving cavity and a heating component for heating the fluid. The heating component is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fluid receiving cavity.

[0009] Isolation mechanism one, which is installed inside the installation mechanism, is capable of detecting the pressure of the fluid on its surface;

[0010] Isolation mechanism two is installed inside the installation mechanism. It is used to isolate the rheometer body from the fluid within the installation mechanism to prevent the high temperature and high pressure fluid from corroding and damaging the rheometer body. Isolation mechanism two can detect the pressure of the fluid on its surface and collect visual information of the fluid rheological process to realize measurement visualization.

[0011] The driving mechanism includes a driving component and a pressing mechanism. The pressing mechanism is movable in a first direction, which is an extension of the central axis of the mounting mechanism. During the movement, the pressing mechanism can change the pressure of the fluid from a first value to a second value, and can also change the pressure of the fluid from a second value to a first value. The driving component is used to drive the pressing mechanism to move in the first direction.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting mechanism is detachably connected to the interior of the mounting base. The mounting mechanism includes a housing with a hollow cavity inside. Two solenoid valves, solenoid valve one and solenoid valve two, are fixedly mounted on the surface of the housing by opening mounting holes and welding. The two solenoid valves one and two solenoid valve two are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the housing with the central axis of the housing as the center of symmetry. A conduit is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing for wiring of electrical equipment inside the housing. The wiring inside the conduit passes through the housing and connects to the outside. The wiring method is the existing wiring method.

[0013] Preferably, the isolation mechanism includes an isolation plate, which is a ring-shaped structure welded from aluminum alloy sheet. The isolation plate is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing by welding. Two solenoid valves are fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation plate by welding. A sealing sleeve is fixedly installed in the center hole of the isolation plate by means of a slot and a block. The slot is opened in the center hole of the isolation plate, and the block is set on the outer surface of the sealing sleeve. An annular mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the isolation plate away from the sealing sleeve by welding. Both the annular mounting bracket and the sealing sleeve are existing technologies. The main body of the annular mounting bracket is made of fluororubber and has a metal base. The metal base is welded to the isolation plate. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation plate by welding. The detection end of the pressure sensor faces the sealing sleeve. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the fluid on the side of the extrusion mechanism close to the isolation mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the isolation mechanism two includes an isolation plate two, which is a ring structure made of aluminum alloy sheet. A bearing two is fixedly installed in the center hole of the isolation plate two by screws. A pressure sensor two is fixedly connected to the surface of the isolation plate two by welding. The pressure sensor two is used to detect the pressure of the fluid near the isolation mechanism two. A camera assembly is also connected to the surface of the isolation plate two. The camera assembly is used to collect visual information of the fluid rheological process near the isolation mechanism two to achieve measurement visualization. The imaging direction of the camera assembly is directly opposite to the fluid flow path. The camera assembly includes a camera body and a heat insulation sleeve. The heat insulation sleeve is connected to the... The second isolation plate is connected, and the camera body is embedded in the heat insulation sleeve. The camera body is existing technology. The cylindrical body of the heat insulation sleeve is made of high-strength steel. One end of the heat insulation sleeve is provided with an installation port for mounting the camera, and the other end is a closed imaging end. The closed imaging end is provided with an arc-shaped light-transmitting surface made of sapphire to ensure light transmission for imaging, and the light-transmitting surface faces the fluid to be detected. The inside of the heat insulation sleeve is filled with a ceramic composite heat insulation layer as a heat insulation interlayer, which is placed between the cylindrical body and the camera to block the conduction of high temperature. The second bearing includes a movable part and a fixed part. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the second isolation plate by screws, and the movable part is fixed to the movable shaft by a spline connection.

[0015] Preferably, the drive component includes an AC motor, which is a prior art technology. The AC motor is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing by a cross-shaped mounting bracket. The output end of the AC motor is provided with a coupling. The AC motor is fixedly connected to a lead screw through the coupling. The coupling is located inside the central shaft of the isolation plate.

[0016] Preferably, the inner wall of the housing is provided with six guide rails, which are used to guide and limit the movement of the extrusion mechanism. A support frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. The end of the lead screw away from the coupling is rotatably connected to the support frame through a bearing. The bearing is existing technology and has high temperature and high pressure resistance, such as a high sulfur alloy bearing. The end of the lead screw near the coupling is sleeved with a sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve is used to seal the central shaft of the isolation plate to prevent fluid damage to the coupling and the AC motor. The annular mounting bracket is sleeved on the end of the AC motor with an interference fit. The annular mounting bracket is used to assist in fixing the AC motor.

[0017] Preferably, both solenoid valves are located at the end of the housing near the isolation mechanism. The ends of both solenoid valves located inside the housing are connected to two solenoid valves via stainless steel pipes. Both solenoid valves are located between the support frame and the isolation mechanism and are used to discharge fluid from inside the housing. Both solenoid valves are fixedly connected to the stainless steel pipes via flanges. Fluid can enter between the isolation mechanism and the isolation mechanism through solenoid valves, the stainless steel pipes, and solenoid valves.

[0018] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion plate, which is a ring-shaped structure made of aluminum alloy sheet. Six guide grooves are formed on its surface, and each of the six guide grooves is slidably connected to a guide rail. A nut is fixedly connected to the center hole of the extrusion plate by welding. The nut is threadedly connected to a lead screw. Two solenoid valves are fixedly installed on the surface of the extrusion plate by opening and welding. The solenoid valves are used to guide fluid from one side of the extrusion plate to the other side. An AC motor can drive the lead screw to rotate via a coupling. The rotation of the lead screw will cause the entire extrusion mechanism to move inside the housing through the guide grooves. The solenoid valves on the surface of the extrusion mechanism are electrically connected to external control equipment via a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant flexible circuit passing through the solenoid valves. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant flexible circuit is existing technology and can move with the extrusion mechanism, leaving sufficient room for movement inside the housing.

[0019] Preferably, the rheometer body includes a high-temperature resistant motor, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing via a cross-shaped mounting bracket. The rheometer body also includes a grating encoder and a torque sensor. The grating encoder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing by screws. The grating encoder is existing technology and includes a fixing part and a detection part, used to detect the rotational speed and angular velocity of the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor. The detection end of the grating encoder is fixed to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor by a spline connection. The torque sensor is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor by welding. The torque sensor is existing technology used to detect the torque generated when the stirring paddle and the movable shaft rotate. One end of the torque sensor is a fixed end, and the other end is a detection end. The detection end is fixedly connected to the movable shaft, and the fixed end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor.

[0020] Preferably, a movable shaft is connected to the flange at the end of the torque sensor away from the grating encoder. A stirring paddle is fixedly connected to the end of the movable shaft away from the torque sensor by welding. The middle section of the movable shaft is fixedly connected to the movable part of the bearing two by spline connection. The stirring paddle is located between the isolation plate two and the support frame. A sealing ring is fixedly fitted to the end of the connection between the movable shaft and the bearing two near the stirring paddle by welding to prevent high-pressure fluid from seeping into the rheometer body through the gap between the isolation plate two and the movable shaft. This is the prior art.

[0021] This invention addresses the problems of existing rheometers, such as instability, inability to realistically simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of oil wells, susceptibility of measurement accuracy to pressure and non-Newtonian fluid properties, and insufficient visualization capabilities. Through a systematic design of the installation mechanism, pressurization method, isolation structure, and observation methods, it achieves integrated high-temperature and high-pressure environment simulation, rheological detection, and real-time observation. This improves the measurement accuracy of fluid rheological parameters while ensuring equipment safety. Specifically:

[0022] First, this invention achieves coordinated control of the temperature and pressure of the fluid under test by setting a heating component inside the mounting base and combining it with a squeezing mechanism to directly mechanically pressurize the fluid inside the mounting mechanism. This allows for the simulation of near-underground high-temperature and high-pressure conditions within a relatively small volume. Simultaneously, by setting up isolation mechanisms one and two, and arranging pressure sensors on both sides of the squeezing plate, the pressure on both sides of the fluid during pressurization is monitored in real time. This helps to determine the stability and uniformity of the pressurization process, thereby providing a relatively stable and controllable testing environment for the rheometer body and reducing measurement deviations caused by pressure fluctuations or insufficient fluid density.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention employs a dual isolation structure to effectively isolate the rheometer body from the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid. The second isolation mechanism is connected to the movable shaft through bearings, which reduces the risk of corrosion and thermal shock to the core components of the rheometer by the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid while ensuring the normal operation of the stirring and measurement functions, thus helping to extend the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the cooperation between the isolation mechanism and the sealing structure effectively suppresses fluid leakage, improves the operational safety of the whole machine under high-pressure conditions, and enables the equipment to adapt to long-term, high-intensity testing requirements.

[0024] Furthermore, this invention integrates a camera component into the second isolation mechanism and, together with a display screen, enables real-time visualization of the rheological process. This allows operators to directly observe the flow morphology and structural changes of the fluid under high temperature and high pressure conditions, thereby overcoming the limitations of relying solely on indirect parameters such as torque and rotational speed to estimate rheological performance. By combining visual information with detection data such as pressure and torque, it helps to more comprehensively analyze the non-Newtonian behavior of fluids under high pressure conditions, improve the rationality of rheological parameter interpretation and the reliability of experimental results, and plays a positive role in reducing the errors caused by model assumptions in existing rheological measurements. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the mounting base of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the shell in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a half-section exploded view of the shell in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shell in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shell and isolation mechanism in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the shell and the isolation mechanism in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component and isolation mechanism in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism and lead screw in the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the rheometer body and the isolation mechanism in the overall structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and attached drawing numbers is as follows: 100, Mounting mechanism; 101, Housing; 102, Guide rail; 103, Solenoid valve one; 104, Solenoid valve two; 105, Support frame; 106, Cable routing conduit; 200, Isolation mechanism one; 201, Isolation plate one; 202, Annular mounting bracket; 203, Sealing sleeve; 204, Solenoid valve three; 205, Pressure sensor one; 300, Drive mechanism; 310, Drive assembly; 311, AC motor; 312, Linkage... Shaft assembly; 313, lead screw; 320, extrusion mechanism; 321, extrusion plate; 322, guide groove; 323, nut; 324, solenoid valve four; 400, rheometer body; 401, high-temperature resistant motor; 402, grating encoder; 403, torque sensor; 404, movable shaft; 405, stirring paddle; 500, isolation mechanism two; 501, isolation plate two; 502, bearing two; 503, camera assembly; 600, mounting base; 601, display screen; 602, control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Most existing rheometers cannot stably simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure coupled environment in wells. The pressure compensation mechanism is usually based on the Newtonian fluid assumption. However, most existing rheometers have low sensitivity to water-based fluid pressure and high sensitivity to oil-based fluid pressure. For oil-based fluids, non-Newtonian behavior under high pressure (such as shear thickening) will cause the torque-viscosity conversion relationship to fail, resulting in a large difference between the measurement results and the actual values. Moreover, the visualization capabilities of existing rheometers are limited. They mostly rely on indirect parameters such as torque and pressure difference to estimate fluid viscosity, making it difficult to capture the dynamic changes inside the fluid. At the same time, the integration of existing high-temperature and high-pressure reactors and rheological measurement modules is low, and it is impossible to achieve the integration of "environmental simulation-rheological detection-real-time observation". Therefore, existing ground rheometers have the problem of large measurement accuracy deviation when simulating the high-pressure environment in wells.

[0040] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a technical solution;

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure rheometer includes a mounting mechanism 100, a mounting base 600, an isolation mechanism 200, a drive mechanism 300, a rheometer body 400, and an isolation mechanism 500. The rheometer body 400 is used to detect the flow characteristics of a fluid. The mounting mechanism 100 is used to mount the rheometer body 400. The fluid can flow inside the mounting mechanism 100. The pressure of the fluid inside the mounting mechanism 100 can change from a first value to a second value, or from a second value to a first value, where the second value is higher than the first value. The mounting base 600 is used to mount the mounting mechanism 100. The mounting base 600 has a fluid receiving cavity and a heating assembly for heating the fluid, the heating assembly being evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fluid receiving cavity. The isolation mechanism 200 is installed inside the mounting mechanism 100. The first isolation mechanism 200 can detect the pressure of the fluid on its surface. The second isolation mechanism 500 is installed inside the mounting mechanism 100 and is used to isolate the rheometer body 400 from the fluid within the mounting mechanism 100. The second isolation mechanism 500 can detect the pressure of the fluid on its surface and collect visual information of the fluid rheological process to achieve measurement visualization. The driving mechanism 300 includes a driving component 310 and a squeezing mechanism 320. The squeezing mechanism 320 can move in a first direction, which is the extension of the central axis of the mounting mechanism 100. During the movement, the squeezing mechanism 320 can change the fluid pressure from a first value to a second value, and also change the fluid pressure from a second value to a first value. The driving component 310 is used to drive the squeezing mechanism 320 to move in the first direction.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figure 11As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure rheometer includes a rheometer body 400, which is a prior art technology and is used to detect the flow characteristics of fluids.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure rheometer includes a mounting mechanism 100, which is detachably connected to the interior of the mounting base 600. This detachable connection can be achieved by bolts or clips, which will not be further described here. The mounting mechanism 600 is used to mount the rheometer body 400. Fluid can flow inside the mounting mechanism 100. The pressure of the fluid inside the mounting mechanism 100 can change from a first value to a second value, or from a second value to a first value, where the second value is higher than the first value.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure rheometer includes a mounting base 600 for mounting the mounting mechanism 100. The mounting base 600 contains a fluid receiving cavity and heating components for heating the fluid. The heating components are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fluid receiving cavity. The heating components are existing technology and can be heating rods or heating wires, etc., and are not limited here. The top of the mounting base 600 has a liquid inlet with an inlet valve, and the bottom of the mounting base 600 has a liquid outlet with an outlet valve, allowing the test fluid to enter and exit the fluid receiving cavity. Furthermore, the bottom of the mounting base 600 is connected to telescopic support feet to adjust the height and level of the mounting base 600. The mounting base is also connected to a display screen 601 and a control panel 602. The display screen 601 works with a subsequent camera assembly to visualize the rheological measurement. The display screen, control panel, and telescopic support feet are all existing technologies and will not be further described here.

[0045] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure rheometer includes an isolation mechanism 200, which is installed inside the mounting mechanism 100. The isolation mechanism 200 can detect the pressure of the fluid on its surface.

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, the high temperature and high pressure rheometer includes an isolation mechanism 2 500, which is installed inside the mounting mechanism 100. It is used to isolate the rheometer body 400 from the fluid within the mounting mechanism 100 to prevent the high temperature and high pressure fluid from corroding and damaging the rheometer body 400. The isolation mechanism 2 500 can detect the pressure of the fluid on its surface and collect visual information of the fluid rheological process to realize measurement visualization.

[0047] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure rheometer includes a drive mechanism 300, which includes a drive component 310 and a compression mechanism 320. The compression mechanism 320 can move in a first direction, which is an extension of the central axis of the mounting mechanism 100. During the movement, the compression mechanism 320 can change the pressure of the fluid from a first value to a second value, and can also change the pressure of the fluid from a second value to a first value. The drive component 310 is used to drive the compression mechanism 320 to move in the first direction.

[0048] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the mounting mechanism 100 includes a housing 101, which has a hollow cavity inside. Two solenoid valves 103 and 104 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the housing 101 by means of opening mounting holes and welding. The two solenoid valves 103 and 104 are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the housing 101 with the central axis of the housing 101 as the center of symmetry. A conduit 106 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 101. The conduit 106 is used for wiring of electrical equipment inside the housing 101, and the internal wiring passes through the housing 101 to connect to the outside.

[0049] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the isolation mechanism 200 includes an isolation plate 201, which is a ring-shaped structure welded from aluminum alloy sheet. The isolation plate 201 is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing 101 by welding. Two solenoid valves 204 are fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation plate 201 by welding. A sealing sleeve 203 is fixedly installed in the center hole of the isolation plate 201 by means of a slot and a locking block. The slot is opened in the center hole of the isolation plate 201, and the locking block is set on the outer surface of the sealing sleeve 203. The isolation plate 201 is away from the sealing sleeve. A ring mounting bracket 202 is fixedly connected to one side of the sleeve 203 by welding. Both the ring mounting bracket 202 and the sealing sleeve 203 are existing technologies. The main body of the ring mounting bracket 202 is made of fluororubber and is provided with a metal base. It is welded to the isolation plate 201 through the metal base. A pressure sensor 205 is fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation plate 201 by welding. The detection end of the pressure sensor 205 faces the sealing sleeve 203. The pressure sensor 205 is used to detect the pressure of the fluid on the side of the extrusion mechanism 320 near the isolation mechanism 200.

[0050] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 11As shown, the isolation mechanism 2 500 includes an isolation plate 2 501, which is a ring structure made of aluminum alloy sheet. A bearing 2 502 is fixedly installed in the center hole of the isolation plate 2 501 by screws. A pressure sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the surface of the isolation plate 2 501 by welding. The pressure sensor 2 is used to detect the pressure of the fluid near the isolation mechanism 2 500 on the side of the extrusion mechanism 320. A camera assembly 503 is also connected to the surface of the isolation plate 2 501. The camera assembly 503 is used to collect visual information of the fluid rheological process near the isolation mechanism 2 500 to achieve measurement visualization. The imaging direction of the camera assembly 503 is directly opposite to the fluid flow path. Component 503 includes a camera body and a heat insulation sleeve. The camera body is embedded in the heat insulation sleeve. The camera body is existing technology. The cylindrical body of the heat insulation sleeve is made of high-strength steel. One end of the heat insulation sleeve is provided with an installation port for mounting the camera, and the other end is a closed imaging end. The closed imaging end is provided with an arc-shaped light-transmitting surface made of sapphire to ensure light transmission for imaging, and the light-transmitting surface faces the fluid to be detected. The inside of the sleeve is filled with a ceramic composite heat insulation layer as a heat insulation interlayer, which is located between the cylindrical body and the camera to block the conduction of high temperature. Bearing 502 includes a movable part and a fixed part. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the isolation plate 501 by screws, and the movable part is fixed to the movable shaft 404 by a spline connection.

[0051] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the drive assembly 310 includes an AC motor 311, which is a prior art technology. The AC motor 311 is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing 101 by a cross-shaped mounting bracket. The output end of the AC motor 311 is provided with a coupling 312. The AC motor 311 is fixedly connected to a lead screw 313 through the coupling 312. The coupling 312 is located inside the central shaft of the isolation plate 201.

[0052] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, six guide rails 102 are distributed on the inner wall of the housing 101. The guide rails 102 are used to guide and limit the movement of the extrusion mechanism 320. A support frame 105 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. The end of the lead screw 313 away from the coupling 312 is rotatably connected to the support frame 105 through a bearing. The bearing is existing technology and has high temperature and high pressure resistance characteristics, such as a high sulfur alloy bearing. The end of the lead screw 313 near the coupling 312 is sleeved with a sealing sleeve 203. The sealing sleeve 203 is used to seal the central shaft of the isolation plate 201 to prevent fluid damage to the coupling 312 and the AC motor 311. The annular mounting bracket 202 is sleeved on the end of the AC motor 311 with an interference fit. The annular mounting bracket 202 is used to assist in fixing the AC motor 311.

[0053] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, both solenoid valves 103 are located at the end of housing 101 near isolation mechanism 200. The ends of both solenoid valves 103 inside housing 101 are connected to two solenoid valves 204 via stainless steel pipes. Both solenoid valves 204 are located between support frame 105 and isolation mechanism 200. They are used to discharge fluid from inside housing 101. Solenoid valves 103 and 204 are fixedly connected to stainless steel pipes via flanges. Fluid in the fluid receiving cavity can enter the space between isolation mechanism 200 and isolation mechanism 200 through solenoid valves 103, stainless steel pipes, and solenoid valves 204.

[0054] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the extrusion mechanism 320 includes an extrusion plate 321, which is a ring-shaped structure made of aluminum alloy sheet. Six guide grooves 322 are formed on its surface, and each of the six guide grooves 322 is slidably connected to a guide rail 102. A nut 323 is fixedly connected to the center hole of the extrusion plate 321 by welding. The nut 323 is threadedly connected to a lead screw 313. Two solenoid valves 324 are fixedly installed on the surface of the extrusion plate 321 by opening holes and welding. The solenoid valves 324 are used to press the extrusion plate 321... The fluid on one side is directed to the other side. The AC motor 311 can drive the lead screw 313 to rotate through the coupling 312. The rotation of the lead screw 313 will drive the extrusion mechanism 320 to move inside the housing 101 through the guide groove 322. The solenoid valve 324 on the surface of the extrusion mechanism 320 is electrically connected to the external control equipment through the high temperature and high pressure resistant flexible circuit 104. The high temperature and high pressure resistant flexible circuit is existing technology. It can move with the extrusion mechanism 320 and has sufficient room for movement inside the housing 101.

[0055] like Figure 4 and Figure 11As shown, the rheometer body 400 includes a high-temperature resistant motor 401, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing 101 via a cross-shaped mounting bracket. The rheometer body 400 also includes a grating encoder 402 and a torque sensor 403. The grating encoder 402 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 101 by screws. The grating encoder 402 is existing technology and includes a fixing part and a detection part, used to detect the rotational speed and angular velocity of the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor 401. The detection end of the grating encoder 402 is fixed to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor 401 by a spline connection. The torque sensor 403 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor 401 by welding. The torque sensor 403 is existing technology and is used to detect the torque generated when the stirring paddle 405 and the movable shaft 404 rotate. One end of the torque sensor 403 is a fixed end, and the other end is a detection end. The detection end is fixedly connected to the movable shaft 404, and the fixed end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor 401.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, a movable shaft 404 is connected to the flange at the end of the torque sensor 403 away from the grating encoder 402. A stirring paddle 405 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable shaft 404 away from the torque sensor 403 by welding. The middle section of the movable shaft 404 is fixedly connected to the movable part of the bearing 502 by spline connection. The stirring paddle 405 is located between the isolation plate 501 and the support frame 105. A sealing ring is fixedly fitted to the end of the connection between the movable shaft 404 and the bearing 502 near the stirring paddle 405 by welding to prevent high-pressure fluid from seeping into the rheometer body 400 through the gap between the isolation plate 501 and the movable shaft 404. This is the prior art.

[0057] In the actual use of this application, the fluid to be tested is first injected into the fluid receiving cavity of the mounting base 600 from the outside. The fluid receiving cavity is heated by the heating components installed on its inner wall to reach the preset target temperature. After the temperature rise is completed, solenoid valve 103 and solenoid valve 204, as well as the two solenoid valves 4 on the extrusion plate 321, are opened to allow the heated fluid to enter the housing 101 under external pressure (such as a pressure pump) or its own initial pressure, and is injected into the receiving space formed between the isolation mechanism 200 and the isolation mechanism 500. The pressure sensor 2 detects the initial pressure of the fluid in the receiving space in real time to confirm that the fluid is full and in a pressurizable state. At the same time, the pressure sensor 205 set on the other side of the extrusion plate 321 is used to detect the fluid pressure between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 200.

[0058] When fluid remains between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 2 500, the AC motor 311 is started to drive the extrusion plate 321 to further extrude the fluid between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 2 501 (during this process, solenoid valves 103 and 204 are opened), allowing the fluid in the fluid receiving cavity to enter between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 2 201. Then, the AC motor 311 is reversed to move the extrusion plate 321 towards the isolation mechanism 2 200 (at this time, two solenoid valves 324 are opened and solenoid valve 204 is closed), so that the fluid between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 2 200 is squeezed into the gap between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 2 500. The AC motor 311 is reversed again to move the extrusion plate 321 towards the isolation mechanism 2 500 (during this process, solenoid valve 324 is closed), and the extrusion plate 321 extrudes the fluid. The fluid pressure increases, and pressure sensor 2 continuously detects the pressure change of the fluid in the measurement space. Pressure sensor 1 205 simultaneously detects the fluid pressure on the other side of the extrusion plate 321. By monitoring the pressure on both sides of the extrusion plate, the stability of the pressurization process and whether the fluid has reached the preset measurement pressure range are determined. In this way, the fluid is directly pressurized in the measurement space between the extrusion plate 321 and the isolation mechanism 2 500. This pressurization method is used to improve the density of the fluid. Through the coordinated monitoring of pressure sensor 1 205 and pressure sensor 2, the controllability and safety of the pressurization process are ensured. This provides a stable working condition for the rheometer body 400 to perform detection under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and reduces the detection error caused by fluid non-uniformity, making the detection results of rheological parameters such as viscosity and elastic modulus more accurate and reliable.

[0059] This application uses the camera component 503 to collect real-time visual information of the fluid flow between the extrusion mechanism 320 and the isolation mechanism 500, directly capturing microscopic dynamics (such as drilling fluid flocculation structure destruction, fracturing fluid shear dilution, droplet deformation, bubble migration, etc.) that are difficult for traditional rheometers to describe through indirect parameters such as torque and pressure difference. The visual information captured by the camera component 503 is synchronized to the display screen 601 in real time, and the operator can intuitively observe the fluid flow pattern through the display screen, making up for the limitations of relying solely on indirect parameter calculations and reducing detection errors caused by fluid inhomogeneity.

[0060] After the test is completed, the application can open solenoid valve 3204 and solenoid valve 424, so that the fluid between solenoid valve 103 and solenoid valve 2104 flows into the cavity between isolation mechanism 1200 and isolation mechanism 2500 under the action of gravity. Then, the extrusion plate 321 is moved to the extreme position near the isolation mechanism 1200, solenoid valve 424 is closed, and AC motor 311 is started to drive the extrusion plate 321 to move towards isolation mechanism 2500. At this time, the two solenoid valves 2104 are opened, and the fluid will be discharged from the two solenoid valves 2104 under the extrusion of the extrusion plate 321.

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A visual rheometer simulating a high-temperature and high-pressure environment in a well, characterized in that, include: The rheometer body (400) is used to detect the flow characteristics of fluids; Mounting mechanism (100) is used to mount rheometer body (400). Fluid can flow inside mounting mechanism (100). The pressure of fluid inside mounting mechanism (100) can change from a first value to a second value, or from a second value to a first value, where the second value is higher than the first value. Mounting base (600) is used for mounting mechanism (100). Mounting base (600) is provided with fluid receiving cavity and heating components for heating fluid. The heating components are evenly distributed on the inner wall of fluid receiving cavity. An isolation mechanism (200) is installed inside the mounting mechanism (100), and the isolation mechanism (200) is capable of detecting the pressure of the fluid on its surface; Isolation mechanism two (500) is installed inside the mounting mechanism (100) and is used to isolate the rheometer body (400) from the fluid within the mounting mechanism (100). The isolation mechanism two (500) can detect the pressure of the fluid on its surface and collect visual information of the fluid rheological process to realize measurement visualization. The driving mechanism (300) includes a driving component (310) and a squeezing mechanism (320), the squeezing mechanism (320) being movable in a first direction, the first direction being an extension of the central axis of the mounting mechanism (100), the squeezing mechanism (320) being able to change the pressure of the fluid from a first value to a second value during the movement, and also being able to change the pressure of the fluid from a second value to a first value, the driving component (310) being used to drive the squeezing mechanism (320) to move in the first direction.

2. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting mechanism (100) is detachably connected to the interior of the mounting base (600). The mounting mechanism (100) includes a housing (101). The interior of the housing (101) is provided with a hollow cavity. Two solenoid valves (103 and 104) are fixedly mounted on the surface of the housing (101). The two solenoid valves (103) and the two solenoid valves (104) are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the housing (101) with the central axis of the housing (101) as the center of symmetry. A conduit (106) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing (101).

3. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The isolation mechanism 1 (200) includes an isolation plate 1 (201), which is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing (101) by welding. Two solenoid valves 3 (204) are fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation plate 1 (201). A sealing sleeve (203) is fixedly installed in the center hole of the isolation plate 1 (201). An annular mounting bracket (202) is fixedly connected to the side of the isolation plate 1 (201) away from the sealing sleeve (203). A pressure sensor 1 (205) is fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation plate 1 (201) by welding. The detection end of the pressure sensor 1 (205) faces the sealing sleeve (203).

4. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second isolation mechanism (500) includes a second isolation plate (501), a second bearing (502) is fixedly installed in the center hole of the second isolation plate (501), a second pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the surface of the second isolation plate (501) by welding, and a camera assembly (503) is also connected to the surface of the second isolation plate (501). The camera assembly (503) includes a camera body and a heat insulation sleeve. The heat insulation sleeve is connected to the second isolation plate (501), and the camera body is embedded in the heat insulation sleeve.

5. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly (310) includes an AC motor (311), which is fixedly installed inside the hollow cavity of the housing (101). The output end of the AC motor (311) is provided with a coupling (312). The AC motor (311) is fixedly connected to a lead screw (313) through the coupling (312). The coupling (312) is located inside the central shaft of the isolation plate (201).

6. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (101) is provided with six guide rails (102), and a support frame (105) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (101). The end of the lead screw (313) away from the coupling (312) is rotatably connected to the support frame (105) through a bearing, and the end of the lead screw (313) close to the coupling (312) is sleeved with a sealing sleeve (203).

7. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Both of the first solenoid valves (103) are located at one end of the housing (101) near the first isolation mechanism (200). The ends of the first solenoid valves (103) inside the housing (101) are connected to the second solenoid valves (204) respectively through stainless steel pipes. The second solenoid valves (104) are located between the support frame (105) and the second isolation mechanism (500).

8. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The extrusion mechanism (320) includes an extrusion plate (321) with six guide grooves (322) on its surface. The six guide grooves (322) are slidably connected to the six guide rails (102) respectively. A nut (323) is fixedly connected to the center hole of the extrusion plate (321). The nut (323) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (313). Two solenoid valves (324) are fixedly installed on the surface of the extrusion plate (321).

9. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The rheometer body (400) includes a high-temperature resistant motor (401), which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing (101) by a cross-shaped mounting bracket. The rheometer body (400) also includes a grating encoder (402) and a torque sensor (403). The grating encoder (402) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (101) by screws, and the torque sensor (403) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the high-temperature resistant motor (401).

10. The visual rheometer for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure environments in wells as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The torque sensor (403) is connected to a movable shaft (404) via a flange at one end away from the grating encoder (402). The movable shaft (404) is fixedly connected to a stirring paddle (405) at one end away from the torque sensor (403) by welding. The middle section of the movable shaft (404) is fixedly connected to the movable part of the bearing (502). The stirring paddle (405) is located between the isolation plate (501) and the support frame (105).

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