A detection device and method for detecting coke penetration of a vertical ground electrode exhaust pipe of a deep well

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of deep well grounding electrode, and discloses a detection device and method for coke penetration of a deep well type vertical grounding electrode exhaust pipe, wherein the detection device comprises a deep well simulation pressure container and a pressure control system connected with each other; the deep well simulation pressure container comprises a pressure tank body and a cover plate, the cover plate is arranged at an opening of the pressure tank body and detachably connected with the pressure tank body; the pressure tank body comprises an exhaust pipe and a central positioner, the central positioner is used for fixing the exhaust pipe at the middle part of the pressure tank body; the exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust hole, the surface of the exhaust pipe is covered by a filtering medium, and the gap between the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the pressure tank body is used for filling a coke particle solution; the pressure control system is used for realizing pressure rising, pressure maintaining or pressure releasing in the deep well simulation pressure container, and the present application is helpful for accurately obtaining the penetration amount of coke particles on the filtering medium and making the mesh of the filtering medium and the particle size of the filled coke particles more reasonable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep well grounding electrode technology, and in particular to a detection device and method for detecting coke seepage into the exhaust pipe of a deep well vertical grounding electrode. Background Technology

[0002] In DC transmission projects, exhaust pipes are installed in the deep wells of deep-well vertical grounding electrodes. These exhaust pipes are wrapped with a filter medium, such as a filter membrane or filter cloth, to prevent coke particles from seeping into the exhaust pipe. If the mesh size of the filter medium does not match the diameter of the coke particles, the proportion of coke particles seeping into the exhaust pipe will be uncontrollable and unacceptable.

[0003] Currently, there is no specific testing device for the proportion of coke particles infiltrating into the exhaust pipe. Analyzing the mesh size of the filter medium and matching it with the diameter of the coke particles based solely on theoretical data cannot accurately reflect actual operating conditions, resulting in an unreasonable match. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a detection device and method for detecting coke seepage into the exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode. This method addresses the problem that existing technologies rely solely on theoretical data analysis, which fails to reflect actual working conditions and leads to an unreasonable match between the mesh size of the filter medium and the particle size of the filled coke.

[0005] This invention provides a detection device for coke seepage into the exhaust pipe of a deep well-type vertical grounding electrode, comprising a deep well simulated pressure vessel and a pressure control system connected to each other.

[0006] The deep well simulated pressure vessel includes a pressure tank and a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is disposed at the opening of the pressure tank and is detachably connected to the pressure tank;

[0007] The pressure tank includes an exhaust pipe and a centering positioner, the centering positioner being used to fix the exhaust pipe in the middle of the pressure tank.

[0008] The exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust hole, the surface of the exhaust pipe is used to be covered by a filter medium, and the gap between the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the pressure tank is used to fill the coke particle solution.

[0009] The pressure control system is used to increase, maintain, or release pressure within the deep well simulated pressure vessel.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure control system includes a pressurizing medium, a controller, and pressure detectors, pressure switches, and pressurizing power units respectively connected to the controller.

[0011] The pressurizing medium is connected to one end of the pressurizing power unit, the other end of the pressurizing power unit is connected to one end of the pressure switch, the other end of the pressure switch is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel, and the pressure detector is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel.

[0012] The controller is used to control the pressure switch to open and the pressurization power unit to deliver pressurized medium into the deep well simulated pressure vessel to increase the pressure inside the vessel; it is also used to acquire the real-time pressure value fed back by the pressure detector and determine whether the real-time pressure value has reached the pressure target value. When the pressure target value is reached, the controller controls the pressure switch to close and the pressurization power unit to stop working to maintain the pressure inside the deep well simulated pressure vessel; and it is used to determine whether the pressure holding time has reached the preset pressure holding time. When the preset pressure holding time is reached, the controller controls the pressure switch to open to release the pressure.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure control system also includes a solenoid valve connected to the controller. One end of the solenoid valve is connected to the pressure switch, and the other end is connected to the pressurizing power unit. The solenoid valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the pressurizing medium output by the pressurizing power unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure control system also includes an electromagnetic relief valve, which is connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressure control system also includes a mechanical pressure relief device, one end of which is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel, and the other end is used to communicate with the ambient atmospheric pressure. The mechanical pressure relief device is used to automatically relieve pressure when the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel exceeds the safe pressure threshold.

[0016] This invention also provides a detection method for a detection device based on any of the above-described deep-well type vertical grounding electrode for detecting coke seepage into the exhaust pipe, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S01. Open the cover of the deep well simulation pressure vessel, wrap the filter medium around the surface of the exhaust pipe, and fix the exhaust pipe in the middle of the pressure tank of the deep well simulation pressure vessel using the centering fixer.

[0018] S02. Inject a coke particle solution into the gap between the filter medium and the inner wall of the pressure tank.

[0019] S03. Seal the cover plate to the opening of the pressure tank;

[0020] S04. Set the target pressure value;

[0021] S05. Start the pressure control system to increase the pressure until the real-time pressure value in the deep well simulated pressure vessel reaches the pressure target value.

[0022] S06. The pressure control system stops working, and the deep well simulated pressure vessel enters a pressure-holding state.

[0023] S07. When the pressure holding state reaches the preset pressure holding time, the pressure control system is activated to release the pressure.

[0024] S08. Open the cover, take out the filter medium, obtain the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium, and determine whether the size of the filter medium and the coke particles are matched by judging whether the amount of penetration meets the preset range.

[0025] Further, step S05 includes:

[0026] The effect of actual coke particle injection rate on deep well pressure was simulated by dynamically adjusting the pressurization rate.

[0027] Further, step S02 includes:

[0028] The coke particles and liquid are mixed outside the container to form a coke particle solution, which is then injected into the pressure tank.

[0029] Furthermore, step S06 also includes:

[0030] A pressure dead zone value is set. When the real-time pressure value is lower than the difference between the pressure target value and the pressure dead zone value, the pressure control system replenishes the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel. When the real-time pressure value is higher than the sum of the pressure target value and the pressure dead zone value, the pressure control system maintains the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel.

[0031] Furthermore, step S07 also includes:

[0032] After removing the filter media, the filter media is cleaned and dried to obtain a filter media infiltrated with coke particles. The amount of coke particles infiltrated is obtained through load-bearing, physical analysis, or chemical analysis.

[0033] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] On one hand, the detection device of this embodiment covers the surface of the exhaust pipe with filter media. By removing the cover plate, the exhaust pipe is fixed in the middle of the pressure tank by a centering fixture. A coke particle solution is filled between the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the pressure tank. After the cover plate is closed, the pressure control system controls the deep well simulated pressure vessel to pressurize to the target pressure value and then maintain the pressure. After maintaining the pressure for a period of time, the pressure is released, the cover plate is removed, and the filter media is taken out. Therefore, the detection device of this embodiment simulates the pressure environment of the filter media in the deep well, which can reflect the actual working environment of the filter media. This helps to accurately obtain the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter media and makes the matching between the mesh size of the filter media and the diameter of the filled coke particles more reasonable. Furthermore, by fixing the exhaust pipe in the middle of the pressure tank by the centering fixture, the exhaust pipe position is the same for each test, improving the comparability of multiple tests. At the same time, it makes the gap space between the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the pressure tank uniform, so that the permeation pressure of the coke particles is uniform, reducing the error in the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter media due to pressure imbalance.

[0035] On the other hand, after removing the filter medium from the above-mentioned detection device, it is determined whether the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium meets the preset range. Therefore, the result of the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium obtained by the detection device in this embodiment can reflect the amount of coke particles penetrating into the filter medium under the actual working conditions in the deep well. Based on this amount of penetrating result, the matching situation between the coke particles and the filter medium is judged. Compared with the scheme in the prior art that only theoretically analyzes the matching situation between the coke particles and the filter medium, the matching situation obtained in this embodiment is more reasonable. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a detection device for coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep well-type vertical grounding electrode, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 A perspective view of the overall structure of a detection device for coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe and the centering positioner in the overall structure of a detection device for coke infiltration into the exhaust pipe of a deep well type vertical grounding electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the top cover plate, pressure switch, pressure detector, and mechanical pressure relief valve of a deep well type vertical grounding electrode coke seepage detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the cover plate of a detection device for coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe of a deep well type vertical grounding electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the pressurizing medium, pressurizing power unit, and solenoid valve in the pressure control system of a deep well-type vertical grounding electrode coke infiltration detection device for exhaust pipe provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the PLC / controller in a detection device for coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 A flowchart (I) of a detection device for detecting coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode is provided for an embodiment of the present invention to test the coke filtration performance.

[0045] Figure 9 A flowchart (II) of a detection device for detecting coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode is provided for an embodiment of the present invention to test the coke filtration performance.

[0046] Figure 10 A flowchart (III) of a detection device for detecting coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode is provided for an embodiment of the present invention to test the coke filtration performance.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Deep well simulated pressure vessel; 11. Pressure tank body; 12. Cover plate; 13. Exhaust pipe; 131. Exhaust port; 14. Centering positioner; 2. Pressure control system; 21. Pressure switch; 22. Pressure detector; 23. Pressurization power unit; 231. Motor; 232. Switch; 233. Pump body; 234. Water suction check valve; 235. Filter screen; 24. Pressurization medium; 25. Solenoid valve; 251. Pressure gauge; 252. Plastic handwheel; 253. Pressure regulating valve; 254. High-pressure hose; 26. Mechanical pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0050] Please see Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a detection device for coke seepage into the exhaust pipe of a deep well type vertical grounding electrode, comprising a deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 and a pressure control system 2 connected to each other;

[0051] The deep well simulation pressure vessel 1 includes a pressure tank 11 and a cover plate 12. The cover plate 12 is disposed at the opening of the pressure tank 11 and is detachably connected to the pressure tank 11.

[0052] The pressure tank 11 includes an exhaust pipe 13 and a centering positioner 14, which is used to fix the exhaust pipe 13 in the middle of the pressure tank 11.

[0053] The exhaust pipe 13 is provided with an exhaust hole 131. The surface of the exhaust pipe 13 is used to be covered by the filter medium. The gap between the exhaust pipe 13 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 11 is used to fill the coke particle solution.

[0054] The pressure control system 2 is used to increase, maintain, or release pressure within the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1.

[0055] Understandably, in specific implementation, the detection device of this embodiment covers the surface of the exhaust pipe 13 with filter medium. By removing the cover plate 12, the exhaust pipe 13 is fixed in the middle of the pressure tank 11 by the centering fixer. The space between the exhaust pipe 13 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 11 is filled with coke particle solution. After the cover plate 12 is covered, the pressure control system 2 controls the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 to pressurize to the target pressure value and then maintain the pressure. After maintaining the pressure for a period of time, the pressure is released, the cover plate 12 is removed, and the filter medium is taken out. Therefore, the pressure environment of the filter medium in the deep well is simulated by the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 and the pressure control system 2, which reflects the actual working conditions of the filter medium. This helps to accurately obtain the amount of coke particles penetrating on the filter medium and make the matching between the mesh size of the filter medium and the diameter of the filled coke particles more reasonable. Furthermore, the exhaust pipe 13 is fixed in the middle of the pressure tank 11 by the centering fixture, so that the position of the exhaust pipe 13 is the same each time the test is carried out, improving the comparability of multiple tests. At the same time, it makes the gap space between the exhaust pipe 13 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 11 uniform, so that the permeation pressure of the coke particles is uniform, reducing the error in the amount of coke particles permeating the filter medium due to pressure imbalance.

[0056] In a more specific embodiment, the central axis of the exhaust pipe 13 coincides with the central axis of the pressure tank 11. The exhaust pipe 13 is fixed in the center so that the position of the exhaust pipe 13 is the same in each test, and the permeation pressure of the coke particles is balanced, eliminating the edge error effect and improving the comparability of the test.

[0057] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure tank 11 is made of seamless steel pipe, the inner wall is processed to ensure smoothness, the wall thickness is not less than 20mm, and it has sufficient high pressure resistance.

[0058] In a more specific embodiment, the cover plate 12 is made of a high-strength alloy material and is fastened to the pressure tank body 11 by bolts.

[0059] In a more specific embodiment, the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 includes a sealing element disposed between the opening of the pressure vessel body 11 and the cover plate 12.

[0060] It is understandable that the sealing element is used to seal the opening of the pressure tank 11 and the cover plate 12, thus forming a sealed deep well simulation container, which facilitates subsequent pressure realization.

[0061] In a more specific embodiment, the sealing element is an O-ring. It is understood that, in practice, an O-ring is provided at the interface between the cover plate 12 and the pressure vessel 11 to ensure the sealing performance of the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1.

[0062] In a more specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The pressure control system 2 includes a pressurizing medium 24, a controller, and pressure detectors 22, pressure switches 21, and pressurizing power units 23, all connected to the controller.

[0063] The pressurizing medium 24 is connected to one end of the pressurizing power unit 23, the other end of the pressurizing power unit 23 is connected to one end of the pressure switch 21, the other end of the pressure switch 21 is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1, and the pressure detector 22 is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1.

[0064] The controller is used to control the opening of the pressure switch 21 and the operation of the pressurizing power unit 23 to deliver pressurizing medium 24 into the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1, thereby increasing the pressure inside the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1; it is used to acquire the real-time pressure value fed back by the pressure detector 22 and determine whether the real-time pressure value has reached the pressure target value. When the pressure target value is reached, it controls the pressure switch 21 to close and controls the pressurizing power unit 23 to stop working, thereby maintaining the pressure inside the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1; it is used to determine whether the pressure holding time has reached the preset pressure holding time. When the preset pressure holding time is reached, it controls the pressure switch 21 to open, thereby releasing the pressure.

[0065] Understandably, in practice, by opening pressure switch 21, pressurizing power unit 23 inputs pressurizing medium 24 into deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 for pressurization. Pressure detector 22 feeds back the pressure value inside deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 to the controller. When the controller determines that the pressure value has reached the target pressure value, it controls pressurizing power unit 23 to stop working and closes pressure switch 21 to maintain pressure in deep well simulated pressure vessel 1. When the controller determines that the pressure holding time has reached the preset pressure holding time, it controls pressure switch 21 to open and release pressure. Therefore, the controller achieves a complete closed-loop control of pressurization-pressure holding-pressure replenishment-pressure release. Based on the real-time pressure value of deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 fed back by pressure detector 22, the opening and closing of pressure switch 2321 and pressurizing power unit 23 are controlled to accurately simulate the pressure conditions in deep wells, which helps to obtain accurate information on the penetration amount of coke particles in the filter medium.

[0066] In a more specific embodiment, the pressurization power unit 23 includes a high-pressure plunger pump for providing a pressurization power source. The high-pressure plunger pump includes a motor 231, a switch 232, a pump body 233, a suction check valve 234, and a filter screen 235. The filter screen 235 is connected to the pump body 233 via the suction check valve 234, the pump body 233 is connected to the motor 231, and the switch 232 is connected to the motor 231.

[0067] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure detector 22 includes a pressure sensor mounted on the cover plate 12 or the tank body for real-time monitoring of the internal pressure of the container.

[0068] In a more specific embodiment, the source of the pressurizing medium 24 includes a water tank or other storage tank for the pressurizing medium 24, providing the pressurizing medium 24 (such as water) required for pressurization.

[0069] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure control system 2 further includes a solenoid valve 25, which is connected to the controller. One end of the solenoid valve 25 is connected to the pressure switch 21, and the other end is connected to the pressurizing power unit 23. The solenoid valve 25 is used to regulate the flow rate of the pressurizing medium 24 output by the pressurizing power unit 23.

[0070] Understandably, in practical implementation, when pressurization is performed, the pressurization power unit 23 and the solenoid valve 25 work together. The pressurization power unit 23 is used to increase the pressure, and the solenoid valve 25 is used to control the flow rate to achieve precise pressure compensation. By adding the solenoid valve 25 to adjust the flow rate of the pressurization medium 24 output by the pressurization power unit 23, precise pressurization of the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 is achieved. This helps maintain the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 within the preset pressure range and helps to obtain accurate information on the amount of coke particles that penetrate the filter medium.

[0071] In a more specific embodiment, the solenoid valve 25 is a high-pressure solenoid valve 25 connected to the controller for controlling the flow path and on / off state of the pressurized medium 24.

[0072] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure control system 2 also includes an electromagnetic relief valve connected to the controller.

[0073] Understandably, in practice, the timely response of the electromagnetic overflow valve to the controller's pressure relief command helps maintain the deep well simulation pressure vessel 1 within the preset pressure range, facilitates the accurate acquisition of the amount of coke particles infiltrated by the filter medium, and enables timely pressure relief after the experiment.

[0074] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure control system 2 further includes a mechanical pressure relief device, one end of which is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1, and the other end is used to communicate with the ambient atmospheric pressure. The mechanical pressure relief device is used to automatically relieve pressure when the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 exceeds the safe pressure threshold.

[0075] Understandably, in practical implementation, the mechanical pressure relief device includes a safety relief valve, achieving automatic pressure relief without the need for a controller. Furthermore, this solution utilizes a mechanical pressure relief device (forced pressure relief executed when the safety valve exceeds a threshold) and an electromagnetic relief valve (programmed pressure relief, PLC-controlled solenoid valve 25) to create a dual-path safety relief system, enhancing safety. The mechanical pressure relief device is installed on the cover plate 12 or the pressure tank 11. It is set with a safety pressure threshold; when the pressure inside the deep well simulation container exceeds the preset safety pressure threshold, the mechanical pressure relief device automatically opens to relieve pressure, ensuring the safety of the detection device.

[0076] PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controller.

[0077] In a more specific embodiment, the safety pressure threshold is generally set as the pressure target value, or it can be set to 5% to 10% higher than the working pressure, such as 10.5 to 11 MPa for a pressure holding of 10 MPa.

[0078] In a more specific embodiment, pressure switch 21 is located at the pressure inlet of deep well simulated pressure vessel 1.

[0079] It is understandable that the channel used for timely control of the pressurized medium 24 should respond promptly to maintain pressure.

[0080] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure switch 21 is a high-pressure ball valve, which is located at the pressure inlet of the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1.

[0081] Understandably, in practical implementation, the high-pressure ball valve is installed at the pressure input interface to control the on / off state of the pressurized medium 24. The high-pressure ball valve boasts high sealing reliability. It utilizes a sealing ring made of elastic materials such as PTFE, combined with a precision-machined ball and valve seat design, achieving zero-leakage sealing under high pressure. Its sealing surface remains closed, effectively preventing media leakage. The high-pressure ball valve also features rapid opening and closing; a simple 90-degree rotation of the valve stem completes the fully open or fully closed action, offering convenient operation and a fast response. This structure significantly shortens the time required for media flow or interruption, making it suitable for scenarios requiring rapid adjustment (such as the instantaneous pressure control of pressure switch 21). Furthermore, the high-pressure ball valve exhibits high-pressure resistance. The valve body is typically made of high-strength materials such as forged steel and alloy steel, processed with special techniques, allowing it to withstand working pressures exceeding 100 MPa (up to 16 MPa under special conditions). This pressure-bearing capacity fully meets the stringent requirements of pressure switch 21 for controlling media pressure fluctuations. High-pressure ball valves offer high adaptability and can be remotely or automatically controlled via pneumatic or electric actuators, supporting pressure signal feedback regulation. For example, they can automatically close the valve when the system pressure exceeds a set value, achieving precise pressure control.

[0082] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure controller includes a PLC controller. It should be noted that the PLC / controller schematic diagram is as follows... Figure 7 As shown, the PLC controller has a built-in Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control algorithm. A Human-Machine Interface (HMI) touchscreen is connected to the PLC for setting and displaying parameters. The PLC is connected to the high-pressure plunger pump, controlling its start and stop to determine whether power is supplied. The PLC achieves precise pressure regulation by connecting to solenoid valve 25 (a proportional or servo valve) to adjust the flow rate of the pressurized medium 24. The PLC controls the opening and closing of the high-pressure ball valve via switching signals to control the on / off state of the pressurized medium 24. The PLC controls the opening and closing of the solenoid relief valve via switching signals to ensure pressure safety. The PLC receives pressure values ​​from the pressure sensor and adjusts the pressure accordingly.

[0083] In a more specific embodiment, the controller also includes an HMI touchscreen as a human-machine interface for the control system, used for:

[0084] Set the target pressure value (adjustable range from 0-10MPa);

[0085] Set the pressure ramp-up rate (optional), typically 10 MPa corresponds to 10 seconds. The higher the target pressure value, the longer the ramp-up time.

[0086] Set the pressure holding time (adjustable, e.g., 10-600 minutes), the normal pressure holding time is 30 minutes;

[0087] A pressure dead zone value (ΔP) is set. If ΔP is set to 0.1 MPa, and the target pressure value is 10 MPa, the compressor will shut down when the pressure exceeds 10.1 MPa, i.e., the solenoid valve 25 and the pressurizing power unit 23 will be closed. When the pressure is below 9.9 MPa, the compressor will start and pressurize, i.e., the solenoid valve 25 and the pressurizing power unit 23 will be activated to pressurize the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1. If ΔP is set to 0.5 MPa, and the target pressure value is 10 MPa, the compressor will shut down when the pressure exceeds 10.5 MPa, i.e., the solenoid valve 25 and the pressurizing power unit will be closed. When the pressure is below 9.5 MPa, the compressor will start and pressurize, i.e., the solenoid valve 25 and the pressurizing power unit 23 will be activated to pressurize the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1. Setting ΔP to 0.5 MPa has low precision but results in frequent compressor start-stops. Setting ΔP to 0.5 MPa has high precision but limits the compressor's lifespan. Therefore, this embodiment uses ΔP to achieve adaptive pressure compensation, overcoming the data distortion problem caused by leakage in traditional pressure holding methods.

[0088] This achieves automatic pressure compensation triggering based on the adjustable pressure dead zone value ΔP (0.1–0.5MPa) (pressure compensation is initiated when the real-time pressure value ≤ the pressure target value – pressure dead zone value). The pressure compensation execution unit is a high-pressure plunger pump and a solenoid valve 25 working together for control (main pump pressurization + small-flow auxiliary pump / valve precise compensation).

[0089] In a more specific embodiment, the HMI touchscreen is also used to display experimental data such as pressure-time curves in real time. Data recording: The system automatically records key parameters (time, pressure value, operating status, etc.) during the experiment.

[0090] In a more specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pressure sensor, high-pressure ball valve, and safety relief valve are all mounted on the cover plate 12. It is understood that, in a specific implementation, the cover plate 12 has a planar structure, while the side of the pressurized tank has a curved structure. The processing and installation difficulty of mounting the pressure sensor, high-pressure ball valve, and safety relief valve on the cover plate 12 is less than that of the pressurized tank itself; therefore, the pressure sensor, high-pressure ball valve, and safety relief valve are all mounted on the cover plate 12.

[0091] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure control system 2 includes a pressurization system, which includes a pressurization medium 24, a high-pressure plunger pump, and a solenoid valve 25. The output end of the pressurization system is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 via a high-pressure hose 254, and the high-pressure plunger pump is connected to the high-pressure hose 254 via the solenoid valve 25.

[0092] Solenoid valve 25 is connected to the pressure inlet of deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 via high-pressure hose 254.

[0093] In a more specific embodiment, the high-pressure plunger pump is connected to the solenoid valve 25 via a pressure regulating valve 253. The pressure regulating valve 253 is connected to a plastic handwheel 252 to achieve manual pressure adjustment. The pressure regulating valve 253 is also connected to a pressure gauge 251 to display the pressure adjustment value.

[0094] This invention also provides a detection method based on any of the above-described deep-well type vertical grounding electrode coke infiltration detection devices for the exhaust pipe 13:

[0095] S01. Open the cover plate 12 of the deep well simulation pressure vessel 1, wrap the filter medium on the surface of the exhaust pipe 13, and fix the exhaust pipe 13 in the middle of the pressure tank 11 of the deep well simulation pressure vessel 1 using the centering positioner 14.

[0096] S02. Inject coke particle solution into the gap between the filter medium and the inner wall of the pressure tank 11;

[0097] S03. Seal and connect the cover plate 12 to the opening of the pressure tank body 11;

[0098] S04. Set the target pressure value;

[0099] S05. Start the pressure control system 2 to increase the pressure until the real-time pressure value in the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 reaches the pressure target value.

[0100] S06, Pressure control system 2 stops working, and the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1 enters a pressure-holding state;

[0101] S07. When the pressure holding state reaches the preset pressure holding time, the pressure control system 2 is activated to release pressure.

[0102] S08. Open the cover plate 12, take out the filter medium, obtain the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium, and determine whether the size of the filter medium and the coke particles are matched by judging whether the amount of penetration meets the preset range.

[0103] It is understandable that, in specific implementation, after removing the filter medium from the above-mentioned detection device, it is determined whether the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium meets the preset range. Therefore, the result of the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium obtained by the detection device in this embodiment can reflect the amount of coke particles penetrating into the filter medium under the actual working conditions in the deep well. Based on this amount of penetrating result, the matching situation between the coke particles and the filter medium is judged. Compared with the existing technology, which only analyzes the matching situation between coke particles and the filter medium theoretically, the matching situation obtained in this embodiment is more reasonable.

[0104] Step S05 includes: simulating the effect of the actual coke particle injection rate on deep well pressure by dynamically adjusting the pressurization rate.

[0105] Understandably, in practice, the pressure curve is adjusted by changing the rate of pressurization during the pressurization process to simulate the impact of the actual injection rate on the bottom hole pressure environment. This not only considers the impact of deep well static pressure on permeability but also the impact of dynamic pressure during deep well injection of coke particles on permeability, thus achieving a more comprehensive simulation of the pressure conditions downhole and obtaining a more accurate permeability.

[0106] In a more specific embodiment, the coke particles and liquid are mixed outside the container to form a coke particle solution before being injected into the container.

[0107] Understandably, in practice, if the coke particles and liquid are injected separately, and the coke particles are injected into the container in a concentrated manner, it is easy to cause blockage. This results in the coke particles not being evenly distributed in the container, and the density difference of the coke particles at different locations under pressure is too large, which will affect the accuracy of the final permeation volume.

[0108] In a more specific embodiment, step S06 further includes:

[0109] A pressure dead zone value is set. When the real-time pressure value is lower than the difference between the pressure target value and the pressure dead zone value, the pressure control system 2 is activated to compensate for the pressure. When the real-time pressure value is higher than the sum of the pressure target value and the pressure dead zone value, the pressure control system 2 stops working.

[0110] Understandably, in practice, adaptive pressure compensation is achieved by setting a pressure dead zone value ΔP to overcome the data distortion problem caused by leakage in traditional pressure holding methods.

[0111] In a more specific embodiment, step S07 further includes:

[0112] After removing the filter medium, the filter medium is cleaned and dried to obtain a filter medium infiltrated with coke particles. The amount of coke particles infiltrated is obtained by weighing, physical analysis, or chemical analysis.

[0113] Understandably, in practice, the three-step process of cleaning, drying, and weighing the filter media eliminates residual solution errors. By quantifying the filtration performance through the change in the mass of the penetrating particles, more accurate matching data between coke particles and the filter media can be obtained without visual inspection or indirect evaluation.

[0114] In a more specific embodiment, the method and apparatus of this example simulate pressure conditions at different depths for detection:

[0115] 1) For example, if the depth of the deep well-type vertical grounding electrode is 600 meters, 800 meters, 1000 meters, etc., after the well is filled with water, the pressure at the bottom is about 6MPa, 8MPa, 10MPa respectively.

[0116] 2) Based on the actual situation, set its depth and calculate the pressure holding value.

[0117] 3) After the test, check the amount of penetration.

[0118] It should be noted that the target pressure value is determined by the bottom of the deep well-type vertical grounding electrode.

[0119] In addition, the pressure target value is adjusted according to the actual situation: when the situation changes, the pressure target value needs to be adjusted. For example, when 600 meters of coke has been injected into a 1000-meter deep well, the coke is used up, and it is necessary to change to coke from other sources. At this time, the new source of coke needs to be re-matched and tested. In this case, the holding pressure value is determined to simulate the pressure at a water depth of 400 meters.

[0120] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure parameters (pressurization process) of this scheme can also be set according to the curve of bottom hole pressure based on the rate (flow rate) of coke injection; the test results can also be used to guide the coke injection method. Similarly, the rate of coke injection will affect the permeability results; this scheme can obtain a permeability-depth curve, which can be used to guide the selection of filters and the method of wrapping the exhaust pipe at different depths. Gradual pressurization, multiple tests, and result summarization and curve plotting are conducted.

[0121] In a more specific embodiment, such as Figures 8-10 As shown, the detection method includes the following steps:

[0122] 1) Sample preparation and installation: Wrap the filter membrane or filter cloth to be tested around the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 13. After positioning the exhaust pipe 13 with the filter membrane wrapped around it using a centering device, place it into the pressure tank 11, ensuring that it is centered in the tank.

[0123] 2) Filling and Sealing: Inject the coke particle solution to be tested into the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1. The solution must submerge the exhaust pipe 13, which is wrapped by the filter membrane. The part of the exhaust pipe 13 wrapped by the filter membrane has pores. Submerge it each time to ensure that all the pores in the exhaust pipe 13 are used in the test.

[0124] Install the cover plate 12 and tighten the bolts to ensure the container is sealed.

[0125] 3) System connection: Use high pressure hose 254 to connect the output end of the pressurization system to the high pressure ball valve inlet of the deep well simulation pressure vessel 1.

[0126] 4) Parameter settings: Set experimental parameters via HMI touch screen: target pressure value (e.g., 10MPa), pressure holding time (e.g., 60 minutes), pressure increase rate (optional), pressure dead zone value (ΔP, e.g., 0.1-0.5 MPa) related to triggering and maintaining the pressure inside the deep well simulation pressure vessel 1, etc.

[0127] Understandably, in practical implementation, the permeation rate of this scheme is mainly affected by pressure; the more realistic the pressure environment, the more accurate the permeation rate results. The actual pressure environment is also affected by the coke particle injection rate. Therefore, during the pressurization process, the pressure curve is adjusted by changing the pressurization rate to simulate the impact of the actual coke injection rate on the bottom hole pressure environment.

[0128] Program execution: After the settings are completed, a start command is issued. The device then automatically executes the pressurization program and displays the real-time pressure data as a dynamic curve on the HMI interface, enabling visualized monitoring of the process.

[0129] 5) Start automatic pressurization and measurement: After receiving the start command, the main pressurization pump of the device will start working automatically and steadily increase the pressure in the pressure vessel to the set target pressure value according to the preset pressurization rate (or program).

[0130] The start command is triggered, and the pressurization system begins to work: the high-pressure plunger pump starts, the high-pressure solenoid valve 25 opens, and the pressurization medium 24 (e.g., water) is pumped into the deep well simulated pressure vessel 1.

[0131] Precise pressurization: The PLC controller automatically controls the pressurization process according to the set pressurization rate (or default program), ensuring that the pressure inside the container rises smoothly to the set target pressure value. Pressure sensors monitor the pressure in real time and feed the data back to the PLC. The pressurization process can be viewed as a pressure-time curve on the HMI.

[0132] Smooth increase: Smooth means a uniform rate of pressurization. The pressure here reaches 10 MPa, for safety reasons.

[0133] Pressure maintenance (pressure holding): When the system pressure reaches the set target value, the PLC controls the high-pressure plunger pump to stop running and enter the pressure holding stage.

[0134] During the pressure holding period, the pressure sensor continuously monitors the pressure.

[0135] If the actual pressure value is detected to drop to (target pressure value - ΔP) due to leakage or other reasons, the PLC automatically controls the high-pressure plunger pump and / or high-pressure solenoid valve 25 to perform a short-term pressure replenishment operation, quickly restoring the pressure to the target pressure value, ensuring that pressure fluctuations are within the allowable range (target pressure value ± ΔP) throughout the pressure holding process. During the pressure holding period, the device continuously monitors the actual system pressure value through pressure sensors.

[0136] Automatic pressure replenishment: Upon determining that pressure replenishment is needed, the device automatically starts the auxiliary pressure replenishment pump (or opens the corresponding branch valve) to rapidly apply pressure until the system pressure returns to the set target pressure value. The main pump only starts when a significant pressure increase is required; the pressure replenishment process mainly relies on the auxiliary pump or a highly efficient, low-flow pressure replenishment mechanism. The pressurization rate is the same as the initial pressurization rate, resulting in a stable pressure increase. The amount of pressure replenishment here is already very small, and the required pressure will be reached quickly after starting the pressure replenishment pump.

[0137] Safety protection: If an abnormal pressure increase is detected that exceeds the set safety pressure relief threshold, the safety pressure relief valve will automatically open immediately to provide pressure relief protection.

[0138] 6) End of Experiment and Pressure Relief: After the preset pressure holding time is reached, or upon receiving a manual stop command, the system automatically executes the pressure relief procedure: opening the pressure relief passage (which can be achieved by controlling solenoid valve 25), and safely releasing the pressure inside the container to ambient atmospheric pressure at a preset rate. Pressure relief: The pressure relief itself is very fast; it can reduce 10MPa to below 1MPa in 10 seconds. This refers to avoiding sudden pressure relief, as it may cause safety issues.

[0139] 7) Sample Removal and Testing: After depressurization, confirm that the pressure inside the container is safe. Remove the cover plate 12 and take out the exhaust pipe 13 wrapped with the filter membrane. Carefully remove the filter membrane and determine the amount of coke particles that have seeped into the exhaust pipe 13 by accurately weighing its increased mass (or other agreed-upon testing methods, such as particulate matter analysis). Clean and dry the filter membrane (or treat it according to standard methods) and accurately weigh its increased mass (i.e., the mass of coke particles that have seeped in and been intercepted), or perform other agreed-upon physical / chemical analyses (such as particulate matter counting, microscopic observation).

[0140] 8) Results Analysis: Based on the measured amount of infiltrated coke particles or the results, evaluate whether the filtration performance of the filter membrane (cloth) is qualified by comparing it with the preset standard, and analyze the rationality of the matching between its mesh size and the diameter of the coke particles used.

[0141] Based on automatically generated pressure-time curves and permeation reports, the performance rating of the associated filter membrane is determined.

[0142] Based on the measured amount of coke particles penetrating or other analytical results, the filtration performance of the filter membrane is evaluated against preset standards to determine whether it meets the requirements. Regardless of whether the results meet the requirements, all experimental data recorded by the system will be completely archived.

[0143] The testing device in this embodiment features highly efficient automatic self-testing functions (such as airtightness pre-testing and sensor calibration status checks), enhancing the reliability of the experimental process and the repeatability of the results (it can simulate the same working conditions for repeatability testing). Its integrated human-machine interface and data processing functions improve experimental efficiency and the convenience of data analysis. Its modular hardware structure (such as replaceable pressure interfaces, sensor modules, and sample clamps) and flexible software compatibility (supporting different testing protocols and data analysis algorithms) ensure that the device can adapt to the testing needs of various types of filter materials and samples of different specifications.

[0144] 1) Different particle compositions of coke are adapted to filter membranes with different pore sizes and thicknesses to obtain acceptable permeation amounts.

[0145] 2) When the engineering design specifies the infiltration range, this device is used to test the compatibility between coke and the filter membrane.

[0146] 3) If the initial coke and the filter membrane, or if the coke changes, or if the filter membrane changes, or if both change, the amount of permeation needs to be detected.

[0147] 4) For example: coke particles of 80~120 mesh, filter membrane (geotextile 300g / m2), under pressure at a water depth of 1000 meters, the amount of coke penetrating into a 1-meter-long exhaust pipe 13 does not exceed 10mm.

[0148] The detection device and detection method of this invention have the following advantages when used together:

[0149] 1) High simulation accuracy: The deep well simulates a pressure vessel to provide a high-pressure environment, simulating the actual working conditions of a deep well.

[0150] 2) Precise pressure control: It adopts a high-precision pressure sensor, PLC closed-loop control system, high-pressure plunger pump and solenoid valve to achieve precise and stable pressure increase, constant pressure maintenance (with automatic pressure compensation function) and safe pressure relief.

[0151] 3) Automation and standardization: Based on HMI parameter setting and fully automated control, human error is significantly reduced, operation is convenient, and experimental efficiency and result reproducibility are improved.

[0152] 4) Comprehensive safety measures: Equipped with multiple safety measures (safety relief valve, real-time pressure monitoring, and abnormal alarm).

[0153] 5) Data traceability: Automatically records data throughout the entire process, facilitating analysis, traceability, and report generation.

[0154] 6) Clear application value: By quantitatively measuring the amount of coke particles penetrating, it provides direct and reliable experimental basis for evaluating the actual filtration effect of filter membranes (cloths) in high-pressure deep well environments and screening the optimal mesh size, thereby optimizing its matching with the diameter of the filled coke particles.

[0155] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection device for coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode, characterized in that, This includes interconnected deep-well simulated pressure vessels and pressure control systems; The deep well simulated pressure vessel includes a pressure tank and a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is disposed at the opening of the pressure tank and is detachably connected to the pressure tank; The pressure tank includes an exhaust pipe and a centering positioner, the centering positioner being used to fix the exhaust pipe in the middle of the pressure tank. The exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust hole, the surface of the exhaust pipe is used to be covered by a filter medium, and the gap between the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the pressure tank is used to fill the coke particle solution. The pressure control system is used to increase, maintain, or release pressure within the deep well simulated pressure vessel.

2. The detection device for coke infiltration into the exhaust pipe of a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure control system includes a pressurizing medium, a controller, and pressure detectors, pressure switches, and a pressurizing power unit connected to the controller. The pressurizing medium is connected to one end of the pressurizing power unit, the other end of the pressurizing power unit is connected to one end of the pressure switch, the other end of the pressure switch is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel, and the pressure detector is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel. The controller is used to control the pressure switch to open and control the pressurization power unit to deliver pressurized medium into the deep well simulated pressure vessel to achieve pressure increase in the deep well simulated pressure vessel; it is also used to obtain the real-time pressure value fed back by the pressure detector and determine whether the real-time pressure value has reached the pressure target value. When the pressure target value is reached, the controller controls the pressure switch to close and controls the pressurization power unit to stop working to achieve pressure maintenance in the deep well simulated pressure vessel. This is used to determine whether the pressure holding time has reached the preset pressure holding time. Once the preset pressure holding time has been reached, the control pressure switch is opened to release the pressure.

3. The detection device for coke infiltration into the exhaust pipe of a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure control system also includes a solenoid valve, which is connected to the controller. One end of the solenoid valve is connected to the pressure switch, and the other end is connected to the pressurizing power unit. The solenoid valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the pressurizing medium output by the pressurizing power unit.

4. The detection device for coke infiltration into the exhaust pipe of a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure control system also includes an electromagnetic relief valve, which is connected to the controller.

5. A detection device for coke infiltration into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, The pressure control system also includes a mechanical pressure relief device. One end of the mechanical pressure relief device is connected to the deep well simulated pressure vessel, and the other end is used to communicate with the ambient atmospheric pressure. The mechanical pressure relief device is used to automatically relieve pressure when the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel exceeds the safe pressure threshold.

6. A detection method for a detection device based on any one of claims 1-5 for detecting coke seepage into an exhaust pipe using a deep-well type vertical grounding electrode, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01. Open the cover of the deep well simulation pressure vessel, wrap the filter medium around the surface of the exhaust pipe, and fix the exhaust pipe in the middle of the pressure tank of the deep well simulation pressure vessel using the centering fixer. S02. Inject a coke particle solution into the gap between the filter medium and the inner wall of the pressure tank. S03. Seal the cover plate to the opening of the pressure tank; S04. Set the target pressure value; S05. Start the pressure control system to increase the pressure until the real-time pressure value in the deep well simulated pressure vessel reaches the pressure target value. S06. The pressure control system stops working, and the deep well simulated pressure vessel enters a pressure-holding state. S07. When the pressure holding state reaches the preset pressure holding time, the pressure control system is activated to release the pressure. S08. Open the cover, take out the filter medium, obtain the amount of coke particles penetrating the filter medium, and determine whether the size of the filter medium and the coke particles are matched by judging whether the amount of penetration meets the preset range.

7. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S05 includes: The effect of actual coke particle injection rate on deep well pressure was simulated by dynamically adjusting the pressurization rate.

8. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S02 includes: The coke particles and liquid are mixed outside the container to form a coke particle solution, which is then injected into the pressure tank.

9. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, S06 further includes: A pressure dead zone value is set. When the real-time pressure value is lower than the difference between the pressure target value and the pressure dead zone value, the pressure control system replenishes the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel. When the real-time pressure value is higher than the sum of the pressure target value and the pressure dead zone value, the pressure control system maintains the pressure of the deep well simulated pressure vessel.

10. The detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that, S07 further includes: After removing the filter media, the filter media is cleaned and dried to obtain a filter media infiltrated with coke particles. The amount of coke particles infiltrated is obtained through load-bearing, physical analysis, or chemical analysis.

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