A method for shaping QV band shaped elliptical wave beam parabolic satellite antenna

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antenna design, and discloses a QV waveband shaping elliptical wave beam parabolic satellite antenna shaping method, which comprises the following steps: S1, simulation collection: using antenna electromagnetic simulation software to collect the coordinates of the curved surface points of the reflector antenna design scheme; S2, dividing a data set; S3, polynomial fitting; S4, drawing a curve function; and S5, reflector shaping. Through the five-step process of "simulation modeling-data separation-high-order fitting-curve closure-directional shaping", the design complexity of the circular-aperture feed source shaping elliptical wave beam antenna is significantly reduced, the traditional design depending on a complex multi-feed source network or a bias structure is converted into single-reflecting surface accurate shaping realized through mathematical modeling, and the balance between the accuracy, the efficiency and the engineering feasibility is achieved, so that the application is particularly suitable for the spaceborne elliptical wave beam antenna, which can not only meet the accurate matching requirements of the antenna on the coverage area contour, but also reduce the load weight through the simplified structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna design technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile satellite communication technology, increasingly higher demands are being placed on the performance of mobile communication antennas for vehicles, ships, and airborne applications, including low profile, multi-band operation, high efficiency, and low sidelobes. Satellite mobile communication antennas mainly fall into three categories: planar array antennas, phased array antennas, and elliptical beam reflector antennas. However, as the frequency increases, the requirements for antenna gain become higher (e.g., in the Q and V bands, antenna gain is typically required to be above 40 dBi). Planar array antennas need to be increased in number to improve gain, but this leads to increased feeder loss and reduced antenna efficiency, making it difficult to further increase the actual antenna gain. Furthermore, phased array antennas not only suffer gain loss during beam scanning but also experience deterioration in sidelobes and cross-polarization performance, resulting in a sharp increase in cost to achieve high gain. Therefore, low-profile elliptical beam reflector antennas have become a better choice for UHF satellite communication antennas.

[0003] There are generally three methods for implementing low-profile elliptical beam antennas. The first is to use a cut reflector antenna, but due to the relatively crude cutting method, the edge illumination of the two main planes of the reflector is uneven, resulting in large energy leakage and a high first sidelobe. The second is an elliptical aperture reflector antenna fed by an elliptical aperture feed. Because the elliptical beam emitted by the elliptical feed causes poor cross-planning performance and is also difficult to manufacture. The third is a shaped elliptical aperture reflector antenna fed by a circular aperture feed. This can solve the main problems of the above two types of antennas well, but due to the difficulty in shaping the main and sub-reflectors, it cannot be effectively carried out in engineering design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for finalizing the design of a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna. Through a five-step process of "simulation modeling - data separation - high-order fitting - curve closure - directional shaping", the design complexity of a circular aperture feed shaped elliptical beam antenna is significantly reduced.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for shaping a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna, comprising the following steps: S1. Simulation data acquisition: Use antenna electromagnetic simulation software to obtain the coordinates of the curved points in the reflector antenna design scheme; S2. Divide the dataset: The coordinates of the paddle surface points are divided into the discrete data point set of the main reflector curve and the discrete data point set of the sub-reflector curve according to their location. S3. Polynomial Fitting: Perform multi-order polynomial fitting on the discrete data point sets of the main reflector curve and the discrete data point sets of the sub-reflector curve respectively. S4. Plotting Curve Functions: Plotting the polynomial fitting results using closed curves; S5. Reflector shaping: Shape the circular reflector antenna according to the drawn closed curve to obtain the reflector antenna structure surface.

[0006] In step S3, a ninth-order polynomial is used for fitting.

[0007] In step S3, the least squares method is used for fitting.

[0008] In step S4, the closed curve is the Lamé curve.

[0009] The antenna electromagnetic simulation software used is GRASP software.

[0010] The primary reflective surface is larger than the secondary reflective surface.

[0011] In step S4, the curve functions of the main reflective surface and the sub-reflective surface are plotted respectively. In step S4, respectively...

[0012] In step S5, only the main reflective surface is shaped.

[0013] The reflector antenna is an elliptical beam parabolic antenna.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention significantly reduces the design complexity of circular aperture feed-shaped elliptical beam antennas through a five-step process of "simulation modeling - data separation - high-order fitting - curve closure - directional shaping". It transforms the traditional design that relies on complex multi-feed networks or bias structures into precise shaping of a single reflector achieved through mathematical modeling. This balance between accuracy, efficiency and engineering feasibility makes it particularly suitable for spaceborne elliptical beam antennas, satisfying the antenna's requirement for precise matching of the coverage area contour while reducing the load weight through structural simplification.

[0015] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps involved in the rapid prototyping of a satellite antenna according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the antenna aperture is shaped using an elliptical curve according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a simulation result diagram of the shaped antenna in GRASP software. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the embodiments of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details are presented in the embodiments of this invention to facilitate a better understanding of this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the following embodiments is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this invention. The embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1 The method shown in Figure 1, a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna, includes the following steps: S1. Simulation data acquisition: Use antenna electromagnetic simulation software to obtain the coordinates of the curved points in the reflector antenna design scheme; S2. Divide the dataset: The coordinates of the paddle surface points are divided into the discrete data point set of the main reflector curve and the discrete data point set of the sub-reflector curve according to their location. S3. Polynomial Fitting: Perform multi-order polynomial fitting on the discrete data point sets of the main reflector curve and the discrete data point sets of the sub-reflector curve respectively. S4. Plotting Curve Functions: Plotting the polynomial fitting results using closed curves; S5. Reflector shaping: Shape the circular reflector antenna according to the drawn closed curve to obtain the reflector antenna structure surface.

[0020] Example 2 Based on Example 1, in step S3, a ninth-order polynomial is used for fitting.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the least squares method is used for fitting.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the closed curve is the Lamé curve.

[0023] Furthermore, the antenna electromagnetic simulation software used is GRASP software.

[0024] Furthermore, the primary reflective surface is larger than the secondary reflective surface.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S4, the curve functions of the main reflector and the sub-reflector are plotted respectively. In step S4, the curve functions of the main reflector and the sub-reflector are plotted respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S5, only the primary reflective surface is shaped.

[0027] Furthermore, the reflector antenna is an elliptical beam parabolic antenna.

[0028] Example 3 Based on the above embodiments, a circular ring-focal parabolic antenna is first designed using the dedicated reflector antenna design software GRASP. At this point, the antenna curve is a set of discrete points, requiring data processing. Considering fitting error and data processing speed, a 9th-order polynomial is used for fitting to obtain the antenna's main and sub-reflector curve functions. For example, taking a 500*320mm rectangular window satellite antenna operating at 60GHz as an example, the main reflection curve function after polynomial fitting is y = -144.95831 + (0.01696)*t^1 + (0.00172)*t^2 + (1.58538E-15)*t^3 + (-1.9181E-17)*t^4 + (1.48067E-19)*t^5 + (-7.3206E-22)*t^6 + (2.24342E-24)*t^7 + The sub-reflecting surface curve function is -17.07881 + (0.14111)*t^1 + (0.00758)*t^2 + (-2.55204E-5)*t^3 + (-3.13961E-6)*t^4 + (5.92858E-8)*t^5 + (1.13247E-9)*t^6 + (-6.40232E-11)*t^7 + (1.04599E-12)*t^8 + (-6.29872E-15)*t^9.

[0029] Lamé curves, also known as hyperelliptic curves, are closed curves that lie between ellipses and rectangles. Their standard Cartesian coordinate equation is: In this curve, a and b are positive real numbers that determine the "radius" of the curve on the x-axis and y-axis, similar to the major and minor axes of an ellipse. n is a positive real number, the exponent of the curve, which determines its shape. Taking a and b as 250 and 160 respectively, and through optimization, n is chosen as 2.9, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, the simulation results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the antenna gain meets the requirement of being greater than 40 dBi at both 40 GHz and 60 GHz.

[0030] Therefore, this invention employs a circular reflector antenna design approach combined with a hyperelliptic function to rapidly shape the circular reflector antenna, and then uses least squares fitting to fit the designed curve to achieve rapid design of an elliptic parabolic antenna. The strategy of combining ninth-order polynomial fitting with the least squares method, compared to the "reflector discontinuity" problem encountered in early single-feed shaping techniques, allows higher-order polynomials to capture subtle changes in the surface, while the least squares method minimizes the fitting error at discrete points. This results in the root mean square error of the main reflector curve being controlled at the 0.025mm level, achieving surface accuracy comparable to shaping compact field techniques. Simultaneously, the closed nature of the Lamé curve ensures a smooth surface transition, avoiding the "jagged edge" problem caused by insufficient phase constraint. This is particularly crucial for QV band high-frequency signal transmission—the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in this band is only on the millimeter scale, and surface discontinuities can cause significant phase distortion. Meanwhile, dividing the simulation data into independent datasets for the main and secondary reflectors solves the problem of difficulty in selecting basis functions in the early stages; and shaping only the main reflector while keeping the secondary reflector a standard surface reduces the computational load by 60% compared to shaping both reflectors, which is especially suitable for the needs of rapid prototype verification in satellite communication.

[0031] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments can be modified in form and detail in practical applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for shaping a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Simulation data acquisition: Use antenna electromagnetic simulation software to obtain the coordinates of the curved points in the reflector antenna design scheme; S2. Divide the dataset: Divide the coordinates of the points on the surface into a discrete data point set of the main reflective surface curve and a discrete data point set of the secondary reflective surface curve according to their location. S3. Polynomial Fitting: Perform multi-order polynomial fitting on the discrete data point sets of the main reflector curve and the discrete data point sets of the sub-reflector curve respectively. S4. Plotting Curve Functions: Plotting the polynomial fitting results using closed curves; S5. Reflector shaping: Shape the circular reflector antenna according to the drawn closed curve to obtain the reflector antenna structure surface.

2. The method for shaping a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, a ninth-order polynomial is used for fitting.

3. The method for shaping a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the least squares method is used for fitting.

4. The method for finalizing the QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the closed curve is the Lamé curve.

5. The method for shaping a QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna electromagnetic simulation software used is GRASP software.

6. The method for finalizing the QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The primary reflective surface is larger than the secondary reflective surface.

7. The method for finalizing the QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the curve functions of the main reflective surface and the sub-reflective surface are plotted respectively. In step S4, respectively...

8. The method for finalizing the QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, only the main reflective surface is shaped.

9. The method for finalizing the QV-band shaped elliptical beam parabolic satellite antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reflector antenna is an elliptical beam parabolic antenna.

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