Compact integrated heat exchanger structure design method

Abstract

The present application relates to heat exchanger technical field, especially to a kind of compact integrated heat exchange equipment structure design method, comprising: separating and extracting the flow path of the medium in the tube side and the flow path of the medium in the shell of several series BXM heat exchangers;The parallel flow path in the flow path of the medium in the tube side and the flow path of the medium in the shell is merged, and the integrated path of the medium in the tube side and the integrated path of the medium in the shell are obtained;For the integrated path of the medium in the tube side, first structure scheme library is established, and for the integrated path of the medium in the shell, second structure scheme library is established;According to the actual working condition of equipment, the structure combination mode is selected in first structure scheme library and second structure scheme library;Overall equipment integrated design is carried out based on the selected structure combination.The design method of the present application realizes single machine integrated multi-stage heat exchange function, and effectively reduces flow resistance and leakage, which can more flexibly realize multi-condition adaptation;The structure obtained by design effectively reduces maintenance cost and land area compared with original structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and in particular to a method for designing a compact, integrated heat exchanger structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, BXM heat exchangers face a prominent contradiction between heat exchange efficiency and structural reliability in industrial applications: on the one hand, the traditional cross-flow heat exchange method formed by multiple units connected in series increases flow resistance due to the multi-channel design, forcing the system to compensate for efficiency loss by adding more equipment; on the other hand, multiple units often increase the degree of turbulence in the medium flow, which can easily lead to leakage and flow deviation, further weakening effective heat transfer.

[0003] In addition, structural redundancy has also caused bottlenecks in manufacturing and operation and maintenance. During the manufacturing process of BXM heat exchangers, concentrated openings in the equipment often lead to local stress concentration and increased risk of processing deformation. During use, fatigue damage under cyclic loads will accelerate structural failure. Furthermore, due to the non-replaceable tube bundles and difficulty in draining liquid, maintenance and downtime costs are high.

[0004] In addition to the above issues, to coordinate the series operation of multiple shell-side units, gas headers need to be installed at multiple inlets and outlets of the shell side, requiring a large number of external piping and control instruments, thus increasing the risk of leakage. Furthermore, material compatibility is severely limited; individual units cannot use heat exchanger tube bundles made of different materials, restricting the process adaptability to corrosive media. Moreover, the horizontal layout of individual units occupies a large area, and their horizontal flow characteristics lead to condensate accumulation and poor hydrophobicity, also affecting phase change heat transfer efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a structural design method for a compact integrated heat exchanger, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The structural design method for compact integrated heat exchange equipment includes: Extract the tube-side and shell-side medium flow paths of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series. By merging the parallel flow portions of the tube-side medium flow path and the shell-side medium flow path, a tube-side integrated medium path and a shell-side integrated medium path are obtained. For the tube-side media integration path, a first structural scheme library is established, and for the shell-side media integration path, a second structural scheme library is established. Based on the actual operating conditions of the equipment, select a structural combination method from the first structural scheme library and the second structural scheme library; The overall equipment integration design is based on the selected structural combination.

[0007] Furthermore, the first structural scheme library includes at least a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path through the tube-side structure, a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path through the shell-side structure, and a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path through both the tube-side structure and the shell-side structure.

[0008] Furthermore, in the structural scheme that restricts the integration path of the tube medium through the tube structure, the tube structure includes at least a reciprocating serpentine tube structure, a spirally coiled coil structure, and a combination of the serpentine tube structure and the coil structure.

[0009] Furthermore, in the structural scheme that restricts the integration path of the tube-side medium through the shell-side structure, the shell-side structure includes at least a single-cavity internal flow guiding structure and a multi-cavity flow guiding structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the second structural scheme library includes structural schemes that completely cover the tube-side media integration path, as well as structural schemes that partially cover the tube-side media integration path.

[0011] Furthermore, the structural scheme that completely covers the tube-side media integration path is a shell-side structure, in which the tube-side media integration path is completely installed.

[0012] Furthermore, the structural scheme for partially covering the tube-side medium integration path is a shell-side structure, and the tube-side medium integration path repeatedly passes through the shell-side structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the tube-side medium flow paths of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series are extracted, including: Determine the projection plane, which is a plane passing through the axis of each BXM heat exchanger; The center lines of each pipe in the tube bundle, the inlet center point and the outlet center point of the end cap are projected onto the projection plane, and the internal flow space of the end cap is projected as a line onto the projection plane. Within the projection plane, the inlet center point, center line end point, line end point, and outlet center point of each BXM heat exchanger are connected according to the direction of medium flow.

[0014] Furthermore, the parallel flow parts in the tube medium flow path are merged. Specifically, it is determined whether there are more than two flow paths between any two points. If so, the two points are directly connected to complete the merging.

[0015] Furthermore, the shell-side medium flow paths of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series are extracted, including: Determine the projection plane, which is a plane passing through the axis of each BXM heat exchanger; Project the inlet and outlet center points of the shell side portion onto the projection plane; Within the projection plane, the inlet center point and the outlet center point are connected according to the direction of medium flow.

[0016] The technical solution of this invention can achieve the following technical effects: The compact integrated heat exchanger structure design method provided by this invention separates and extracts the tube-side and shell-side flow paths of multiple series-connected devices and merges the parallel flow parts therein. This allows the subsequent structure scheme library to be collected based on the integrated path, and is not limited to the traditional cross-flow multi-channel design. This avoids the flow resistance loss caused by multi-channel design, and fundamentally avoids the shell-side fluid flow disorder, leakage and flow deviation problems caused by increasing the number of devices.

[0017] In the specific steps, by establishing a structural scheme library for the tube side and shell side and a working condition adaptation selection mechanism, flow orientation control was achieved, and material compatibility breakthroughs were achieved based on the divergence of control results. Finally, through the overall equipment integration design, the functions of multiple devices were compressed into a single unit, which can completely change the original structural form and overcome the industry problems of large footprint, complex interlocking control of multiple devices, poor water drainage function, and high maintenance costs caused by multiple devices connected in series. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the structural design methodology for compact integrated heat exchange equipment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the tube-side medium flow path for three BXM heat exchangers connected in series; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the shell-side medium flow path for three BXM heat exchangers connected in series; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of transforming the pipe-side medium flow path into a pipe-side medium integration path; Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of transforming the shell-side medium flow path into the shell-side medium integration path; Figure 6 A flowchart for extracting the tube-side medium flow path of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series; Figure 7A flowchart for extracting the shell-side medium flow path of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series; Reference numerals: 01, Shell-side medium flow path; 02, Shell-side medium integration path; 03, Tube-side medium flow path; 04, Tube-side medium integration path; 05, BXM heat exchanger. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the structural design method for compact integrated heat exchange equipment includes: S1: Extract the tube-side medium flow path 03 and shell-side medium flow path 01 of several BXM heat exchangers 05 connected in series; this step can decouple the strong relationship between the physical equipment and the function of the flow channel, thus allowing subsequent design to be based on the essence of medium dynamics; such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the tube-side medium flow path 03 and shell-side medium flow path 01 of three BXM heat exchangers 05 connected in series are illustrated. Figure 4 The left side shows the extraction results for the pipeline. Figure 5 The left side shows the extraction results for the shell side; S2: Merge the parallel flow portions of the tube-side medium flow path 03 and the shell-side medium flow path 01 to obtain the integrated tube-side medium flow path 04 and the integrated shell-side medium flow path 02. This further removes the structural constraints of the existing equipment, decouples the physical boundaries of the existing equipment, and releases topology optimization space. The merging process of the tube-side medium flow path 03 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the merging process of shell-side medium flow path 01 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown; in this embodiment, the tube-side media integration path 04 is cyclical, while the shell-side media integration path 02 is linear; S3: For the tube-side medium integration path 04, establish a first structural scheme library, and for the shell-side medium integration path 02, establish a second structural scheme library; in the process of establishing the structural scheme library, only the integration path is considered, which can obtain a variety of feasible structural forms in a more divergent manner. S4: Select a structural combination method from the first structural scheme library and the second structural scheme library according to the actual working conditions of the equipment; S5: Perform overall equipment integration design based on the selected structural combination.

[0022] The compact integrated heat exchanger structure design method provided by this invention separates and extracts the tube-side and shell-side flow paths of multiple series-connected devices, and merges the parallel flow parts in step S2. This allows the subsequent structure scheme library to be collected based on the integrated path, and is not limited to the traditional cross-flow multi-channel design. This avoids the flow resistance loss caused by multi-channel design, and fundamentally avoids the shell-side fluid flow disorder, leakage and flow deviation problems caused by increasing the number of devices.

[0023] In steps S3 and S4, flow orientation control was achieved by establishing a structural scheme library for the tube side and shell side and a working condition adaptation selection mechanism. Based on the divergence of the control results, a breakthrough in material compatibility was achieved. Finally, through the overall equipment integration design, the functions of multiple devices were compressed into a single device, which can completely change the original structural form and overcome the industry problems of large footprint, poor hydrophobicity, and high maintenance costs caused by multiple devices connected in series.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the first structural scheme library includes at least a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path 04 by means of a tube-side structure, a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path 04 by means of a shell-side structure, and a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path 04 by means of both tube-side and shell-side structures.

[0025] The first structural solution library integrates the above three technical approaches, enabling greater adaptability to various operating conditions. Specifically: In the tube-pass structure-dominated scheme, the dynamic behavior of the medium can be reconstructed at the microscale through the flow channel geometry topology. This can forcibly break the heat transfer boundary barriers, such as the high viscosity laminar flow hindrance, and can also cut off the deposition trend of heterogeneous media, such as particles, crystals, and biological fouling, thus solving the energy efficiency degradation under extreme conditions from the intrinsic heat transfer level.

[0026] In the shell-side structure-dominated scheme, the macroscopic flow field is constructed based on the cavity wall. By reconstructing the mechanical load, weak points in the tube connection, such as welds and flange interfaces, can be avoided, thereby improving the pressure resistance of the equipment compared to the traditional tube bundle structure and eliminating the risk of vibration fatigue to a certain extent.

[0027] In the tube-shell cooperative scheme, a flow cooperative mode can be formed by the unitized spatial topological combination of the tube-side structure and the shell-side structure. As a specific implementation method, a local tube-side A part is formed by several parallel tube-side structures, and a local tube-side B part is formed by the shell-side structure connecting the inlet and outlet of each parallel tube-side structure. The tube-side A part and the tube-side B part form a structural unit. Multiple structural units are connected end to end through the tube-side B parts at both ends to obtain the required tube-side medium integration path 04. In the above scheme, the tube-side A part focuses on medium mass transfer and heat transfer conversion, while the tube-side B part dominates the flow field construction and mechanical bearing. The combination of the two obtains an alternating series structure.

[0028] Of course, the above examples only describe some of the working conditions, and others are not listed here.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the above, in the structural scheme of limiting the tube-side medium integration path 04 by the tube-side structure, the tube-side structure includes at least a reciprocating serpentine tube structure, a spirally coiled coil structure, and a combination of a serpentine tube structure and a coil structure.

[0030] The serpentine tube structure in this preferred scheme generates secondary vortices within the fluid through periodic turning design, forcibly renewing the heat transfer boundary layer and stripping away wall deposits; the coil structure actively regulates the multiphase flow phase distribution by relying on the directional centrifugal force field generated by the helical curvature; the combined structure achieves functional integration, such as the anti-clogging characteristics of the serpentine tube and the phase control capability of the coil; all of the above schemes are collected in the structural scheme library, which makes the integrated design under specific working conditions more flexible and practical.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the above, in the structural scheme of limiting the tube-side medium integration path 04 through the shell-side structure, the shell-side structure includes at least a single-cavity internal flow guiding structure and a multi-cavity flow guiding structure. Specifically, an array of flow guiding plates with fixed or adjustable angles and spacing can be implanted within the cavity of the single unit. The tube-side medium integration path 04 can be reconstructed through the topology of the flow channels between the plates. The multi-cavity flow guiding structure forms the tube-side medium integration path 04 through flow between different cavities, enabling the construction of an inter-cavity flow relay mode, thereby overcoming the physical limitations of a single cavity.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the second structural scheme library includes a structural scheme that fully covers the tube-side medium integration path 04, and a structural scheme that partially covers the tube-side medium integration path 04. In specific implementation, taking the restriction of the tube-side medium integration path 04 by the tube-side structure as an example, the shell side tightly encloses the tube-side to form a directional flow channel cavity. The secondary flow field within the gap continuously scours the tube wall, forcing the medium to flow along a set trajectory, thus solving the problem of flow deviation caused by transportation. The partial covering structure can specifically target the stable flow path portion in the tube-side. For example, when the tube-side path is restricted by a serpentine tube structure, only the straight sections of the serpentine tube can be covered. That is, the medium in the shell side exchanges heat with the straight sections of the serpentine tube structure, and the heat exchange process after covering is the same as that of the fully covered structure.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the structural scheme of completely covering the tube-side medium integration path 04 is a shell-side structure, in which the tube-side medium integration path 04 is completely installed. This structure is relatively simple, and the shell-side medium integration path 02 can be realized by an integral or spliced ​​shell-side structure, and the tube-side medium integration path 04 is completely covered by the structure.

[0034] The structural scheme for partially covering the tube-side medium integration path 04 is a shell-side structure, with the tube-side medium integration path 04 repeatedly penetrating the shell-side structure. In this preferred embodiment, this structure can correspond to a structural scheme in which the tube-side structure restricts the tube-side medium integration path 04. In this structural scheme, the tube-side structure repeatedly penetrates the shell-side structure in the extension direction, thereby obtaining a portion covered by the shell-side structure and a portion exposed outside the shell-side structure. Alternatively, it can correspond to the structural scheme in the above embodiment where the tube-side structure and the shell-side structure jointly restrict the tube-side medium integration path 04. In the above scheme, several parallel tube-side structures, which constitute part A of the tube-side structure, can be fixed through the penetration position of the shell-side structure, while part B of the tube-side structure, which jointly restricts the tube-side medium integration path 04, can form a cavity outside the shell-side structure that restricts the shell-side medium integration path 02, connecting the inlet or outlet of multiple tube-side structures in part A of the tube-side structure.

[0035] The second structural scheme library may also include a structural scheme that restricts the shell-side medium integration path 02 by means of a tube-side structure. This structure may specifically correspond to a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path 04 by means of a shell-side structure. For example, in the implementation of the tube-side medium integration path 04 with a flow guiding structure in a single cavity, a through tube-side structure is set in a single cavity to realize the shell-side medium integration path 02.

[0036] Since the paths will be integrated in the final step of this embodiment, in order to reduce the design complexity, a two-dimensional tool is used to extract the medium flow path 03 in the tube, as follows: As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figure 6 As shown, the tube-side medium flow path 03 of several BXM heat exchangers 05 connected in series is extracted, including: A1: Determine the projection plane, which is the plane passing through the 05 axis of each BXM heat exchanger; A2: Project the center lines of each pipe in the tube bundle, the inlet center point and the outlet center point of the end cap onto the projection plane, and project the internal flow space of the end cap as a line onto the projection plane. A3: In the projection plane, connect the inlet center point, center line end point, line end point and outlet center point of each BXM heat exchanger 05 according to the medium flow direction. In the specific implementation process, the connection can be achieved by straight line segments, curved segments or combination of line segments.

[0037] The above steps allow for the achievement of the desired objective at a relatively low cost. During implementation, by defining the direction of the projection plane, the center points of the tube bundle, inlet, and outlet can be projected at a true scale, and the flow path can be reflected from the optimal perspective after projection. Straight-line connection of the endpoints eliminates interference from non-flow path components such as flanges and tube sheets, making the parallel path structure visible.

[0038] Compared to 3D modeling, this optimization scheme only retains topological connections and reflects local parallel relationships, omitting the tediousness of 3D modeling. It can also remove entity constraints from the 3D model and can be quickly implemented in 2D drawings.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the parallel flow portion in the combined tube medium flow path 03 is specifically determined by determining whether there are more than two flow paths between any two points. If so, the two points are directly connected to complete the merging. This method can also be implemented quickly with lower cost.

[0040] For the same technical purpose, as a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figure 7 As shown, the shell-side medium flow path 01 of several BXM heat exchangers 05 connected in series is extracted, including: B1: Determine the projection plane, which is the plane passing through the 05 axis of each BXM heat exchanger; B2: Project the inlet and outlet center points of the shell side onto the projection plane; B3: In the projection plane, connect the inlet center point and the outlet center point according to the direction of medium flow.

[0041] In order to ensure structural versatility, the inlet and outlet of the shell side of the existing BXM heat exchanger 05 are set one-to-one during series installation, so that each heat exchanger can be used at any position during the series installation.

[0042] Based on the above, in step B3, the corresponding connection of the inlet center point and the outlet center point includes the two center points connecting the same heat exchanger and the two centerline points connecting two adjacent heat exchangers, thereby forming a complete shell-side medium flow path 01. When multiple sets of inlet and outlet are set for the shell-side part of the heat exchanger, the flow path includes multiple parallel paths.

[0043] After steps S1 to S3 are completed, when selecting a structural combination method from the first and second structural scheme libraries based on the actual working conditions of the equipment, it is a global structural framework design. Since it does not involve specific design parameter calculations, it can be done based on experience.

[0044] Based on the structural combination selected in S4, step S5 can specifically upgrade the two-dimensional integrated path to construct a three-dimensional equipment skeleton. Taking the pipe structure as an example, it can follow the centerline of the two-dimensional path for spatial bending, using conventional engineering curvature radii to ensure fluid dynamic performance. The coil structure is coiled according to the projection axis with a standard helical angle. For local encapsulation schemes, the welding positions of the encapsulated cylinder can be marked in the straight pipe section of the serpentine tube, etc. Then, the structural unit coupling is established, specifically including the mechanical connections at various points.

[0045] Throughout the above process, the path topology must remain unchanged. Based on this, appropriate adjustments can be made, such as adjusting local structural proportions and selecting optimal local mechanical connection structures. After the 3D equipment skeleton and structural coupling are completed, design verification and optimization can be achieved through simulation and other operations. This includes, but is not limited to, importing a pre-set media property parameter library into the geometric model, verifying the uniformity of pressure drop distribution in the integrated tube-side and shell-side paths, simulating the coupled response of temperature and thermal stress fields, etc.

[0046] Based on the simulation results above, closed-loop optimization design can be implemented, including but not limited to identifying and adjusting key parameters that significantly affect the pressure drop and temperature field, automatically adjusting structural dimensions under topological constraints, and performing fatigue life simulations of mechanical connection structures under multiple schemes, thereby gradually achieving the optimization of the scheme.

[0047] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for designing a compact, integrated heat exchanger structure, characterized in that: include: Extract the tube-side and shell-side medium flow paths of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series. By merging the parallel flow portions of the tube-side medium flow path and the shell-side medium flow path, a tube-side integrated medium path and a shell-side integrated medium path are obtained. For the tube-side media integration path, a first structural scheme library is established, and for the shell-side media integration path, a second structural scheme library is established. Based on the actual operating conditions of the equipment, select a structural combination method from the first structural scheme library and the second structural scheme library; The overall equipment integration design is based on the selected structural combination.

2. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first structural scheme library includes at least a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path through the tube-side structure, a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path through the shell-side structure, and a structural scheme that restricts the tube-side medium integration path through both the tube-side structure and the shell-side structure.

3. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the structural scheme that restricts the integration path of the tube medium through the tube structure, the tube structure includes at least a reciprocating serpentine tube structure, a spirally coiled coil structure, and a combination of the serpentine tube structure and the coil structure.

4. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In a structural scheme that restricts the integration path of the tube-side medium through the shell-side structure, the shell-side structure includes at least a single-cavity internal flow guiding structure and a multi-cavity flow guiding structure.

5. The method for designing a compact integrated heat exchanger structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The second structural scheme library includes structural schemes that completely cover the tube-side media integration path, as well as structural schemes that partially cover the tube-side media integration path.

6. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The structural scheme that completely covers the tube-side media integration path is a shell-side structure, and the tube-side media integration path is completely installed in the shell-side structure.

7. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The structural scheme that partially covers the tube-side medium integration path is a shell-side structure, and the tube-side medium integration path repeatedly passes through the shell-side structure.

8. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Extract the tube-side medium flow paths of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series, including: Determine the projection plane, which is a plane passing through the axis of each BXM heat exchanger; The center lines of each pipe in the tube bundle, the inlet center point and the outlet center point of the end cap are projected onto the projection plane, and the internal flow space of the end cap is projected as a line onto the projection plane. Within the projection plane, the inlet center point, center line end point, line end point, and outlet center point of each BXM heat exchanger are connected according to the direction of medium flow.

9. The compact integrated heat exchanger structural design method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The parallel flow parts in the tube medium flow path are merged. Specifically, it is determined whether there are more than two flow paths between any two points. If so, the two points are directly connected to complete the merging.

10. The method for designing a compact integrated heat exchanger structure according to any one of claims 1, 8, or 9, characterized in that, Extract the shell-side medium flow paths of several BXM heat exchangers connected in series, including: Determine the projection plane, which is a plane passing through the axis of each BXM heat exchanger; Project the inlet and outlet center points of the shell side portion onto the projection plane; Within the projection plane, the inlet center point and the outlet center point are connected according to the direction of medium flow.

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