An ecological runoff prediction method coupling pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamic model
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF WATER CONSERVANCY SCI RES OF INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
Smart Images
Figure CN122113748A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of eco-hydrological forecasting and water resource allocation technology, and in particular to an ecological runoff prediction method that couples pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Background Technology
[0002] The field of hydrodynamic model simulation technology includes technical content related to the application of hydraulic tools based on numerical simulation. Its core content is to simulate the dynamic changes of water flow on a plane by solving the hydraulic control equations in combination with actual terrain and boundary conditions. An ecological runoff prediction method that couples pumping tests and two-dimensional hydrodynamic models refers to a technical solution that combines pumping tests and two-dimensional hydrodynamic models for ecological runoff prediction. The technical issues covered include the implementation of pumping tests, the construction of two-dimensional hydrodynamic models, and the coupled application of the two.
[0003] The specific methods employed include deploying hydrogeological observation wells at key nodes in the Laoha River basin and conducting constant-flow pumping tests to obtain dynamic boundary parameters such as aquifer thickness, overflow coefficient, and specific yield. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is constructed based on shallow water equations and spatially discretized using the finite volume method or finite element method. The dynamic boundary parameter set obtained from the pumping test is embedded into a MIKE21 or similar two-dimensional hydrodynamic platform. Simultaneously, upstream reservoir scheduling rules and meteorological forecast data are combined, and relevant data are used as inputs to model parameters to set the initial and boundary conditions of the model. Through data association, the pumping test and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model are coupled, and then the basic data integration and model calculation related to the rolling generation of ecological outflow processes over the next 7–30 days are carried out.
[0004] Existing technologies only conduct general pumping tests and couple two-dimensional hydrodynamic models without refining aquifer characteristic analysis based on the differences in topography and lithology in different sections of the watershed. The well layout lacks regional specificity related to ecological runoff, and the hydrodynamic discretization format is not optimized by combining topography and flow velocity. Real-time monitoring data comparison and optimization are not included. In scenarios with complex topography and lithology and sensitive ecological runoff, this leads to inaccurate aquifer parameter acquisition, insufficient adaptability of well layout, poor discretization effect of hydrodynamic model, and insufficient coupling accuracy. Ultimately, this affects the accuracy and reliability of ecological runoff prediction results. For example, in the scenario where different geomorphic zones coexist in the Laoha River Basin, it is difficult to accurately capture the changing patterns of ecological runoff. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests with a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The technical solution is as follows:
[0006] An ecological runoff prediction method coupled with pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model includes the following steps:
[0007] S1: Collect topographic parameters such as the gradient of the upper and middle reaches of the Laoha River Basin and the drop of the canyon in the lower reaches, as well as parameters such as soil permeability and porosity. Simultaneously obtain the burial depth of the top and bottom interfaces of the groundwater level in each zone, sort out the burial depth relationship, and extract the distribution characteristics of aquifers in the watershed zone for ecological runoff prediction.
[0008] S2: Based on the aquifer distribution characteristics, focusing on ecological runoff sensitive areas and recharge runoff areas, correlate geomorphic parameters with aquifer characteristics, analyze borehole depth adaptation requirements and adjust correction ratios to determine the observation borehole layout scheme;
[0009] S3: Conduct pumping tests according to the observation well layout plan, focus on the evolution path of ecological runoff, collect data such as flow velocity and water level, determine and divide the shear stress of water flow, sort out the change law, and optimize to obtain a suitable two-dimensional hydrodynamic discrete format scheme.
[0010] S4: Call up the results of previous aquifer, observation well and hydrodynamic discrete format, set the initial coupling conditions to integrate into flux calculation, and complete the coupling process by correlating pumping test data to obtain the initial results of ecological runoff prediction;
[0011] S5: Collect real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, compare the differences between the initial prediction and the actual measurement, analyze the trend and the cumulative situation, optimize the key coupling conditions by combining the threshold, and recouple to obtain the final prediction result.
[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the watershed aquifer distribution characteristics used for ecological runoff prediction include the burial depth parameters of the top interface of the aquifer in each zone, the burial depth parameters of the bottom interface of the aquifer in each zone, the correlation attributes of the burial depth of the aquifer interface in each geomorphological zone, and the hydraulic characteristic parameters of the aquifer in each lithological zone.
[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the pumping test observation well layout scheme adapted to ecological runoff prediction includes observation well location parameters in sensitive areas, observation well density parameters in recharge runoff areas, observation well depth parameters in various topographic zones, and well depth correction ratio coefficients.
[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, the two-dimensional hydrodynamic discrete format optimization scheme for ecological runoff prediction includes boundary parameters of water flow shear stress zones, parameters of the velocity-water level correlation model for each zone, numerical viscosity control coefficients, and discrete format adaptation parameters.
[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the initial results of the ecological runoff prediction include a set of coupling condition parameters, flux calculation adaptation data, pumping test monitoring coupling data, and an initial runoff prediction dataset.
[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention, the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics include optimized coupling condition parameters, final runoff prediction dataset, difference calibration parameters, and threshold adaptation adjustment parameters.
[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics are as follows:
[0018] S501: Collect real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, call up the initial results of ecological runoff prediction, compare the initial results of ecological runoff prediction with the real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, calculate the difference between the two, sort out the trend and cumulative amount of the difference, and generate data on the trend and cumulative amount of the difference.
[0019] S502: Based on the trend of difference changes and cumulative data, and with reference to the preset ecological runoff difference threshold range, determine the difference adjustment needs, screen key coupling conditions, and generate a set of key coupling conditions.
[0020] S503: Call the key coupling condition set to optimize the coupling parameters, carry out coupling processing based on the optimized key coupling conditions, and combine pumping test data and two-dimensional hydrodynamic data to obtain the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:
[0022] In this invention, precise data collection is conducted by focusing on the topographic features and lithological parameters of different sections of the watershed. The relationship between the aquifer interface in the geomorphic zones is analyzed. The layout of observation wells is optimized by combining the characteristics of ecological runoff sensitive areas and recharge areas. The relationship between topography and flow velocity is correlated to determine the shear stress zones of the flow and optimize the hydrodynamic discretization format. The coupling conditions are optimized by comparing real-time monitoring data. This enables precise control of the aquifer distribution characteristics, improves the adaptability of the observation well layout, optimizes the discretization effect of the hydrodynamic model, enhances the scientific nature of the coupling process, and improves the accuracy and reliability of ecological runoff prediction. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.
[0026] In the embodiments of this invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning.
[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written in a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.
[0028] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a technical solution: an ecological runoff prediction method that couples pumping tests with a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, comprising the following steps:
[0030] S1: Collect data on the gradient of the upper reaches of the Laoha River, the width of the channel in the middle reaches, the drop of the canyon in the lower reaches, the permeability of granite, the porosity of loess hills, the water yield of sandy terraces, the burial depth of the top and bottom interfaces of groundwater in each zone of the basin, sort out the relationship between the burial depth of the top and bottom interfaces of groundwater in each geomorphological zone, and obtain the distribution characteristics of aquifers in the basin zones for ecological runoff prediction.
[0031] S2: Based on the aquifer distribution characteristics of watershed zones for ecological runoff prediction, focusing on ecological runoff sensitive areas and groundwater recharge runoff areas, linking the core parameters of each landform zone with aquifer distribution characteristics, analyzing the borehole depth adaptation requirements of different areas, adjusting the borehole depth correction ratio, determining the observation borehole layout scheme, and obtaining the pumping test observation borehole layout scheme adapted to ecological runoff prediction.
[0032] S3: Pumping tests were conducted based on the observation well layout scheme adapted to ecological runoff prediction. The focus was on the evolution path of ecological runoff. Data on runoff velocity, water level and topographic slope of each zone were collected. The correlation between topography and flow velocity was analyzed to determine the flow shear stress. The flow shear stress zones were divided. The change law of flow velocity and water level in each zone was sorted out. The numerical viscosity control scheme was determined and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic discrete format optimization scheme adapted to ecological runoff prediction was obtained.
[0033] S4: Call the watershed aquifer distribution characteristics for ecological runoff prediction, the well layout scheme of the pumping test adapted to ecological runoff prediction, and the optimization scheme of the two-dimensional hydrodynamic discretization scheme adapted to ecological runoff prediction. Set the initial coupling conditions and integrate the flux calculation link of the two-dimensional hydrodynamic discretization scheme. Correlate the pumping test monitoring data to carry out coupling processing and obtain the initial results of ecological runoff prediction.
[0034] S5: Collect real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, compare the differences between the initial results of ecological runoff prediction and the real-time monitoring data, sort out the trend and accumulation of differences, determine the adjustment needs in combination with the preset threshold range, screen key coupling conditions and optimize them, carry out coupling processing again, and obtain the ecological runoff prediction results of coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics.
[0035] The ecological runoff prediction uses the aquifer distribution characteristics of watershed zones, including the burial depth parameters of the top and bottom interfaces of aquifers in each zone, the correlation attributes of the aquifer interface burial depth in each geomorphological zone, and the hydraulic characteristic parameters of aquifers in each lithological zone. The well layout scheme for pumping tests adapted to ecological runoff prediction includes the location parameters of wells in sensitive areas, the density parameters of wells in recharge runoff areas, the well depth parameters of wells in each geomorphological zone, and the well depth correction ratio coefficient. The optimization scheme for the two-dimensional hydrodynamic discretization scheme adapted to ecological runoff prediction includes the boundary parameters of the flow shear stress zones, the parameters of the velocity-water level correlation model in each zone, the numerical viscosity control coefficient, and the discretization scheme adaptation parameters. The initial results of ecological runoff prediction include the coupling condition parameter set, flux calculation adaptation data, pumping test monitoring coupling data, and the initial runoff prediction dataset. The ecological runoff prediction results coupled with pumping tests and two-dimensional hydrodynamics include the optimized coupling condition parameters, the final runoff prediction dataset, the difference calibration parameters, and the threshold adaptation adjustment parameters.
[0036] The steps for obtaining the aquifer distribution characteristics of watershed zones for ecological runoff prediction are as follows:
[0037] S101: Basic Parameter Collection and Implementation: The sampling plan was designed according to the principle of "zoning and full coverage". Preliminary geomorphic units were delineated using high-resolution remote sensing imagery. 32 sets of river gradient data (1.2%-3.5%) were collected in the upstream granite mountainous area. In the midstream plain section, 45 typical cross-sections were selected to measure the river channel width (80m-220m). In the downstream canyon section, 28 sets of drop data (maximum 15m) were collected. Hydrogeological parameters were obtained through borehole sampling and indoor experiments. Observation points were set up in 12 hydrogeological zones across the entire basin. After 3 months of observation and removal of interfering data, a basic parameter set of 286 sets of valid data was obtained, with data integrity ≥95%.
[0038] S102: Implementation of Burial Depth Correlation Data: Excel and Surfer software were used for joint processing. Basic parameter sets were sorted according to four types of landforms. The process of "point-by-point matching - zonal statistics - anomaly removal" was followed. Invalid data was removed using the 3σ criterion. For example, when the top interface of granite mountain area is buried at a depth of 5m-12m, the bottom interface is mostly buried at a depth of 20m-35m (R²=0.83). When the top interface of loess hilly area is buried at a depth of 3m-8m, the bottom interface is mostly buried at a depth of 18m-28m (R²=0.76). Finally, 112 sets of valid matching data pairs were obtained, with a reliability of ≥90%.
[0039] S103: Integration and Implementation of Aquifer Distribution Characteristics: ArcGIS spatial analysis tools were used to couple and integrate parameters and burial depth data of each zone. Before integration, the data was standardized and correlated with parameters based on the geological background of the watershed: the aquifer thickness in the granite mountainous area was 15m-23m (fractured type); in the sandy plateau area, it was 10m-18m (porosity type); in the loess hilly area, it was 8m-12m (porosity-fracture composite type); and in the river valley plain area, it was 12m-20m (porosity type). The final result was a dataset containing "geomorphic zone - aquifer attribute - spatial range", with 78% of the data being of grade A. The dataset was stored in Shapefile format to provide core support for subsequent work.
[0040] The steps for obtaining the well layout scheme for the pumping test adapted to ecological runoff prediction are as follows:
[0041] S201: Implementation of Key Area Association Dataset Generation: GIS spatial overlay analysis was used to focus on the downstream section of the Hongshan Reservoir inflow area (230 km²) and the upstream granite mountain area (8500 km²) of the groundwater recharge runoff area. Pearson correlation analysis was used to screen parameter pairs with R² ≥ 0.6. Parameters such as runoff modulus were selected for sensitive areas, and parameters such as precipitation infiltration coefficient were selected for recharge areas. Finally, an association dataset containing 8 key areas and 96 sets of data was generated, accompanied by a complete explanatory document to ensure data reliability.
[0042] S202: Implementation of Hole Depth Adaptation Range Determination: The hole depth is determined by "theoretical calculation + empirical correction". The theoretical formula is: Hole depth = Bottom interface burial depth + Reserved depth ≥ 2m. Empirical correction is combined with lithological adjustment. The hole depth adaptation range is 22m-31m in the upstream granite mountainous area; 13m-22m in the midstream loess hilly area; and 15m-25m in the downstream sandy plateau area. In ecologically sensitive areas, the hole depth accuracy is improved by 5%, with an allowable error ≤ 0.5m. Casing wall protection technology is adopted to protect the ecological environment and prevent groundwater pollution.
[0043] S203: Observation Well Layout Plan Determination and Implementation: Combining DEM topographic data and road distribution, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to adjust the well depth correction ratio, with an ecological sensitivity weight of up to 0.5. Ultimately, 36 observation wells were laid out across the entire watershed: 8 in the upstream (23m-32m), 12 in the midstream (14m-23m), and 16 in the downstream (14m-24m), using a triangular layout. The well spacing was 500m in sensitive areas and 1000m in non-sensitive areas. Rotary drilling technology and PVC filter pipes were used uniformly. The plan included layout diagrams, construction requirements, and ecological protection measures to guide the pumping test.
[0044] The steps for obtaining the two-dimensional hydrodynamic discretization scheme optimization scheme adapted for ecological runoff prediction are as follows:
[0045] S301: Acquisition and Implementation of Water Flow Shear Stress Data Set: Pumping tests were conducted according to regulations, using a steady flow method. The flow rate was adjusted as needed by 50-150 m³ / h, with a stabilization time of ≥8h. The focus was on a 280km runoff evolution path, and data was collected from 36 observation wells and 20 temporary monitoring points. ADCP was used to measure flow velocity from 0.12 to 0.85 m / s, and the water level was monitored with an accuracy of ±1 cm using a fully automatic water level gauge. The terrain slope was calculated using UAV aerial surveying from 0.5‰ to 3.8‰, and the shear stress was calculated from 0.05 to 0.82 Pa using formulas. After tidal level correction and rationality verification, 128 sets of valid data were obtained, meeting the requirements for statistical analysis.
[0046] S302: Construction and Implementation of Numerical Viscosity Control Parameter System: Using the K-means clustering algorithm and combining flow velocity and water level data, shear stress was divided into three regions: low τ < 0.2 Pa, medium 0.2-0.5 Pa, and high τ > 0.5 Pa, corresponding to downstream wetlands, midstream plains, and upstream mountainous areas, respectively. The flow patterns in each region were analyzed, and differentiated viscosity coefficients were set: 0.01-0.03 m² / s for low stress, 0.03-0.05 m² / s for medium stress, and 0.05-0.08 m² / s for high stress. Dynamic adjustment thresholds were set to form a parameter system containing regional coefficients and control rules. Simulation accuracy was improved through trial calculations.
[0047] S303: Implementation of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Discrete Scheme Optimization: Adapting Discrete Schemes for Different Shear Stress Zones: The QUICK scheme is used to capture details in low-stress zones, the TVD scheme is used to balance accuracy and stability in medium-stress zones, and the WENO scheme is used to suppress oscillations in high-stress zones. Weighted averaging is used at zone boundaries to achieve smooth transitions. The viscosity coefficient is incorporated into flux calculations. Verified by measured data in 2023, the calculation error in each region was reduced by more than 35%, and the NSE for the entire watershed was improved to 0.88. An optimization scheme containing scheme expressions and adaptation rules was formed, providing accurate model support.
[0048] The steps for obtaining the initial results of ecological runoff prediction are as follows:
[0049] S401: Initial Coupling Flux Calculation Parameter Generation and Implementation: Collect three types of core results, establish a database and verify consistency, and set core coupling conditions: multi-year average precipitation as the infiltration boundary, upstream inflow as the flow boundary, and downstream reservoir water level as the water level boundary. Establish water flux coupling relationship through Darcy's law and Manning's formula, and use the finite difference method to iteratively calculate the convergence criterion ≤1e-5m³ / (m·s). Generate initial coupling flux parameters of 0.02-0.35m³ / (m·s) for 256 grid cells, stored in ASCII format, which can be directly used for subsequent calculations;
[0050] S402: Implementation of intermediate parameter generation for coupling processing: 180 sets of pumping test data and initial coupling flux parameters were called, and coupling calculations were carried out using MATLAB. The deviation between the measured and simulated groundwater level was used as the objective function. The coupling parameters were adjusted by the least squares method. Flux correction coefficients were added to thick aquifer areas, and water interaction weights were strengthened in sensitive areas. After three rounds of iteration, the objective function deviation was reduced from 15% to below 5%. Intermediate parameters containing coupling flux correction coefficients, water exchange capacity, etc. were generated, along with calculation logs.
[0051] S403: Initial Results Acquisition and Implementation of Ecological Runoff Prediction: Multiple data types were integrated and processed using MIKE21 software. Model parameters NSE≥0.7 and R²≥0.8 were first calibrated. The entire watershed was divided into unstructured grids (50m×50m in mountainous areas and 100m×100m in plains), with a time step of 1 hour. The annual runoff for 2024 was simulated, yielding the initial prediction result: Annual ecological runoff for the entire watershed is 12.8 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m³, with upstream contributing 42%, midstream 35%, and downstream 23%; the peak occurred in July-August, and the minimum occurred in January-February. The results are presented in multiple formats to facilitate subsequent comparative analysis.
[0052] The steps for obtaining the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics are as follows:
[0053] S501: Collect real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, call up the initial results of ecological runoff prediction, compare the initial results of ecological runoff prediction with the real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, calculate the difference between the two, sort out the trend and cumulative amount of the difference, and generate data on the trend and cumulative amount of the difference.
[0054] S502: Based on the trend of difference changes and cumulative data, and with reference to the preset ecological runoff difference threshold range, determine the difference adjustment needs, screen key coupling conditions, and generate a set of key coupling conditions.
[0055] S503: Call the key coupling condition set to optimize the coupling parameters, carry out coupling processing based on the optimized key coupling conditions, and combine pumping test data and two-dimensional hydrodynamic data to obtain the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics.
[0056] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collect topographic parameters such as the gradient of the upper and middle reaches of the Laoha River Basin and the drop of the canyon in the lower reaches, as well as parameters such as soil permeability and porosity. Simultaneously obtain the burial depth of the top and bottom interfaces of the groundwater level in each zone, sort out the burial depth relationship, and extract the distribution characteristics of aquifers in the watershed zone for ecological runoff prediction. S2: Based on the aquifer distribution characteristics, focusing on ecological runoff sensitive areas and recharge runoff areas, correlate geomorphic parameters with aquifer characteristics, analyze borehole depth adaptation requirements and adjust correction ratios to determine the observation borehole layout scheme; S3: Conduct pumping tests according to the observation well layout plan, focus on the evolution path of ecological runoff, collect data such as flow velocity and water level, determine and divide the shear stress of water flow, sort out the change law, and optimize to obtain a suitable two-dimensional hydrodynamic discrete format scheme. S4: Call up the results of previous aquifer, observation well and hydrodynamic discrete format, set the initial coupling conditions to integrate into flux calculation, and complete the coupling process by correlating pumping test data to obtain the initial results of ecological runoff prediction; S5: Collect real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, compare the differences between the initial prediction and the actual measurement, analyze the trend and the cumulative situation, optimize the key coupling conditions by combining the threshold, and recouple to obtain the final prediction result.
2. The method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watershed aquifer distribution characteristics used for ecological runoff prediction include the burial depth parameters of the top interface of the aquifer in each zone, the burial depth parameters of the bottom interface of the aquifer in each zone, the correlation attributes of the burial depth of the aquifer interface in each geomorphological zone, and the hydraulic characteristic parameters of the aquifer in each lithological zone.
3. The method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The well layout scheme for the pumping test adapted to ecological runoff prediction includes well location parameters for sensitive areas, well density parameters for recharge runoff areas, well depth parameters for wells in different landform zones, and well depth correction coefficients.
4. The method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-dimensional hydrodynamic discrete scheme optimization scheme adapted for ecological runoff prediction includes boundary parameters of water flow shear stress zones, parameters of the velocity-water level correlation model for each zone, numerical viscosity control coefficient, and discrete scheme adaptation parameters.
5. The method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial results of the ecological runoff prediction include a set of coupling condition parameters, flux calculation adaptation data, pumping test monitoring coupling data, and an initial runoff prediction dataset.
6. The method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics include optimized coupling condition parameters, final runoff prediction dataset, difference calibration parameters, and threshold adaptation adjustment parameters.
7. The method for predicting ecological runoff by coupling pumping tests and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics are as follows: S501: Collect real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, call up the initial results of ecological runoff prediction, compare the initial results of ecological runoff prediction with the real-time monitoring data of ecological runoff, calculate the difference between the two, sort out the trend and cumulative amount of the difference, and generate data on the trend and cumulative amount of the difference. S502: Based on the trend of difference changes and cumulative data, and with reference to the preset ecological runoff difference threshold range, determine the difference adjustment needs, screen key coupling conditions, and generate a set of key coupling conditions. S503: Call the key coupling condition set to optimize the coupling parameters, carry out coupling processing based on the optimized key coupling conditions, and combine pumping test data and two-dimensional hydrodynamic data to obtain the ecological runoff prediction results of the coupled pumping test and two-dimensional hydrodynamics.