A pressure-resistant waterproof cable and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of pressure-resistant waterproof cable and preparation method thereof, it is related to cable technical field, to solve the problem of insufficient waterproof performance and limited pressure resistance of existing cable, including cable core, the outside of the cable core is equipped with insulation layer, the outside of the insulation layer is equipped with inner waterproof layer, the outside of the inner waterproof layer is equipped with pressure-resistant layer, the outside of the pressure-resistant layer is equipped with outer waterproof layer, the outside of the outer waterproof layer is equipped with outer sheath.The application has greatly improved the waterproof performance of cable, effectively prevents moisture from penetrating into the cable inside, avoids the signal transmission distortion, noise interference and other problems caused by the performance decline of insulation layer, at the same time, significantly enhance the pressure resistance of cable, so that it can effectively protect the internal structure when being extruded or collided by external force, guarantee the stability of signal transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, and more specifically, to a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of audio equipment in broadcasting, film and television production, professional performances, and conference systems, audio signal isolation distributors, as key devices to ensure stable transmission of audio signals, place stringent requirements on the performance of their supporting cables.

[0003] In existing technologies, cables used for audio signal isolation distributors are mostly manufactured using traditional methods, achieving basic functions through a combination of ordinary insulation, shielding, and sheath layers. However, in complex and variable operating environments, such as outdoor performances encountering severe weather or humid studio environments, the waterproof performance of existing cables is insufficient. Moisture can easily penetrate into the cable's interior, leading to a decline in insulation performance and causing problems such as signal transmission distortion and noise interference, which seriously affect the quality of audio signals. Furthermore, their pressure resistance is limited when subjected to external pressure or impact, which can easily cause damage to the internal structure and affect the stability of signal transmission. In view of this, we propose a pressure-resistant waterproof cable and its manufacturing method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable and its preparation method, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient waterproof performance and limited pressure resistance of existing cables.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable, comprising a cable core, an insulation layer being sleeved on the outside of the cable core, an inner waterproof layer being sleeved on the outside of the insulation layer, a pressure-resistant layer being sleeved on the outside of the inner waterproof layer, an outer waterproof layer being sleeved on the outside of the pressure-resistant layer, and an outer sheath being sleeved on the outside of the outer waterproof layer.

[0006] A method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Cable core preparation: made by multiple wire drawing processes using high-purity oxygen-free copper followed by silver plating. S2. Preparation of insulation layer: Using co-extrusion process, high-performance cross-linked polyethylene with 8-12% nano silica particles, 3-5% nano boron nitride particles and 5-8% clay as insulation material is heated to 190-210℃, extruded through co-extrusion die and then cooled to form. S3. Preparation of the inner waterproof layer: Two layers of hot melt adhesive film with different melting points are mixed with clay, wrapped around the outside of the insulation layer, heated to melt, and then cooled to form the inner waterproof layer. S4. Pressure-resistant layer preparation: It is formed by using a three-dimensional weaving process, with high-strength aramid fiber, tin-plated copper wire and shape memory alloy wire mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.5 as the weaving material; S5. Preparation of the outer waterproof layer: The outer waterproof layer material is an organosilicon rubber with a mass fraction of 5-10% nano zinc oxide, 2-4% nano titanium dioxide and 3-6% kaolin. It is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the pressure-resistant layer using a spraying equipment at a pressure of 0.4-0.6MPa. S6. Outer sheath preparation: A polyolefin elastomer with 12-18% flame retardant, 6-12% antioxidant, 4-8% nano montmorillonite and 8-12% kaolin by mass fraction is selected, extruded by an extruder and then cooled and molded.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1 above, the silver plating thickness is 0.02-0.04 mm, and after silver plating, a graphene nano-coating with a thickness of 0.005-0.01 mm is coated on the surface to reduce the cable core resistance and improve the stability and anti-interference capability of signal transmission.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2 above, the extrusion speed is controlled at 18-22 m / min, the cooling temperature is maintained at 18-22℃, and an internal pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa is applied during the extrusion process to make the insulation layer more compact and tightly bonded to the cable core.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3 above, of the two hot melt adhesive films with different melting points, one layer is a mixture of low-melting-point, high-viscosity ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive and 10-15% kaolin by mass, with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm; the other layer is a mixture of polyolefin hot melt adhesive and 5-10% kaolin by mass, with a thickness of 0.05-0.15 mm. The winding tension is controlled at 6-12N, and then the temperature is successively heated to 80-90℃ to melt and penetrate the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive, and then heated to 100-110℃ to melt the polyolefin hot melt adhesive.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4 above, the weaving angle is controlled at 50-65° and the weaving density is 14-18 weaving points per centimeter.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5 above, the sprayed outer waterproof layer is immersed in an organosilicon rubber solution containing carbon nanotubes and 2-5% clay by mass for impregnation and coating. After removal, it is cured at 130-150°C for 3-5 hours to increase hydrophobicity.

[0012] Preferably, in step S6 above, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 170-190℃, the extrusion speed is 12-18m / min, and the cooling method is to first cool in an air-cooled environment at 50-60℃, and then cool in a water-cooled environment at 20-25℃.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention features an inner and outer waterproof layer. The inner waterproof layer is formed by mixing and winding two layers of hot melt adhesive film with different melting points with clay, heating and melting them, and then cooling them. The outer waterproof layer uses silicone rubber with added nano zinc oxide, nano titanium dioxide, and clay, and is treated with a silicone rubber solution of carbon nanotubes and clay. This significantly improves the waterproof performance of the cable, effectively preventing moisture from penetrating into the cable and avoiding problems such as signal transmission distortion and noise interference caused by the deterioration of the insulation layer. At the same time, the pressure-resistant layer is made of high-strength aramid fiber, tinned copper wire, and shape memory alloy wire mixed and woven in a specific ratio, which significantly enhances the cable's pressure resistance, enabling it to effectively protect the internal structure and ensure the stability of signal transmission when subjected to external pressure or impact.

[0014] 2. In this invention, the insulation layer is made of high-performance cross-linked polyethylene with added nano-silica particles, nano-boron nitride particles and clay. By controlling the extrusion speed, cooling temperature and internal pressure, the insulation layer is made denser and fits tightly with the cable core. The outer sheath is made of polyolefin elastomer with added flame retardants, antioxidants, nano-montmorillonite and clay. It is formed by a specific extrusion and cooling process, resulting in a stable overall structure and extending the service life of the cable.

[0015] 3. The pressure-resistant layer in this invention uses a mixture of high-strength aramid fiber, tinned copper wire, and shape memory alloy wire. While giving the cable high strength and pressure resistance, the shape memory alloy wire allows the cable to recover its original shape after being bent by external force. Combined with the buffering effect of the polyolefin elastic outer sheath, the cable has excellent flexibility, making it easy to install and lay in confined spaces or complex wiring environments, and reducing internal structural damage caused by excessive bending. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Cable core; 2. Insulation layer; 3. Inner waterproof layer; 4. Pressure resistant layer; 5. Outer waterproof layer; 6. Outer sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 A pressure-resistant and waterproof cable includes a cable core 1, an insulation layer 2 is sleeved on the outside of the cable core 1, an inner waterproof layer 3 is sleeved on the outside of the insulation layer 2, a pressure-resistant layer 4 is sleeved on the outside of the inner waterproof layer 3, an outer waterproof layer 5 is sleeved on the outside of the pressure-resistant layer 4, and an outer sheath 6 is sleeved on the outside of the outer waterproof layer 5. First, high-purity oxygen-free copper is selected and processed through multiple drawing stages using a wire drawing machine to form cable core 1. Then, silver plating is performed to achieve a silver plating thickness of 0.02 mm. After silver plating, a graphene nano-coating with a thickness of 0.005 mm is applied to the surface to optimize the performance of cable core 1. Next, high-performance cross-linked polyethylene with 8% nano-silica particles, 3% nano-boron nitride particles, and 5% clay by mass is used as the insulation material. This mixture is placed in a heating device and heated to 190°C, then extruded through a co-extrusion die at a speed controlled at 18 m / min. The cooling temperature was maintained at 18℃, and an internal pressure of 0.3MPa was applied during extrusion to ensure the molding quality of insulation layer 2. Then, a mixture of low-melting-point, high-viscosity ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive and 10% clay (by mass) with a thickness of 0.1mm was prepared, along with a mixture of polyolefin hot melt adhesive and 5% clay (by mass) with a thickness of 0.05mm. These two hot melt adhesive films were mixed with clay and wound around the outside of insulation layer 2 with a winding tension of 6N. The mixture was first heated to 80℃ to melt the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive. The process involves penetration, followed by heating to 100°C to melt the polyolefin hot melt adhesive, which is then cooled to form the inner waterproof layer 3. High-strength aramid fibers, tin-plated copper wire, and shape memory alloy wire are then mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.5 and woven using a three-dimensional weaving device. The weaving angle is controlled at 50°, and the weaving density is set to 14 weaving points per centimeter to form the pressure-resistant layer 4. Finally, an organic silicone rubber containing 5% nano-zinc oxide, 2% nano-titanium dioxide, and 3% kaolin is used as the outer waterproof layer 5. This is then uniformly sprayed using a spraying device at a pressure of 0.4 MPa. On the surface of the pressure-resistant layer 4, the outer waterproof layer 5 formed by spraying is then immersed in an organosilicon rubber solution containing carbon nanotubes and 2% kaolin by mass for impregnation. After removal, it is cured at 130℃ for 3 hours to enhance hydrophobicity. Finally, a polyolefin elastomer with 12% flame retardant, 6% antioxidant, 4% nano montmorillonite and 8% kaolin by mass is selected. The extruder temperature is set to 170℃ and the extrusion speed is 12m / min. It is first pre-cooled in a 50℃ air-cooled environment and then cooled in a 20℃ water-cooled environment to form the outer sheath 6.

[0020] Example 2 A pressure-resistant and waterproof cable includes a cable core 1, an insulation layer 2 is sleeved on the outside of the cable core 1, an inner waterproof layer 3 is sleeved on the outside of the insulation layer 2, a pressure-resistant layer 4 is sleeved on the outside of the inner waterproof layer 3, an outer waterproof layer 5 is sleeved on the outside of the pressure-resistant layer 4, and an outer sheath 6 is sleeved on the outside of the outer waterproof layer 5. First, high-purity oxygen-free copper is drawn into cable core 1 through multiple passes. Then, silver plating is performed to a thickness of 0.03 mm. After silver plating, a 0.0075 mm graphene nano-coating is applied. Next, high-performance cross-linked polyethylene with 10% nano-silica particles, 4% nano-boron nitride particles, and 6.5% kaolin is used as the insulation material. The mixture is heated to 200°C and extruded through a co-extrusion die at a speed controlled at 20 m / min, with the cooling temperature maintained at 20°C and an internal pressure of 0.4 MPa applied. Then, a 0.15 mm thick layer of a mixture of low-melting-point, high-viscosity ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive and 12.5% ​​kaolin, and a 0.1 mm thick layer of a mixture of polyolefin hot melt adhesive and 7.5% kaolin are prepared and wound around the insulation layer 2 with a winding tension of 9 N. The mixture is then heated sequentially to 85°C and 105°C. Two hot melt adhesives are melted sequentially at ℃, and after cooling, an inner waterproof layer 3 is formed. Then, high-strength aramid fiber, tin-plated copper wire, and shape memory alloy wire are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.5. Using a three-dimensional weaving device, the weaving angle is set to 57.5°, and the weaving density reaches 16 weaving points per centimeter to weave a pressure-resistant layer 4. Next, an organic silicone rubber with 7.5% nano zinc oxide, 3% nano titanium dioxide, and 4.5% kaolin is used as the material for the outer waterproof layer 5. It is sprayed onto the surface of the pressure-resistant layer 4 at a pressure of 0.5MPa using a spraying device. After immersion coating, it is cured at 140℃ for 4 hours. Finally, a polyolefin elastomer with 15% flame retardant, 9% antioxidant, 6% nano montmorillonite, and 10% kaolin is selected. The extruder temperature is controlled at 180℃, the extrusion speed is 15m / min, and it is first air-cooled at 55℃ and then water-cooled at 22.5℃ to form the outer sheath 6.

[0021] Example 3 A pressure-resistant and waterproof cable includes a cable core 1, an insulation layer 2 is sleeved on the outside of the cable core 1, an inner waterproof layer 3 is sleeved on the outside of the insulation layer 2, a pressure-resistant layer 4 is sleeved on the outside of the inner waterproof layer 3, an outer waterproof layer 5 is sleeved on the outside of the pressure-resistant layer 4, and an outer sheath 6 is sleeved on the outside of the outer waterproof layer 5. First, high-purity oxygen-free copper is drawn into cable core 1 through multiple passes, followed by silver plating to a thickness of 0.04 mm. Then, a 0.01 mm graphene nano-coating is applied. Next, high-performance cross-linked polyethylene with 12% nano-silica particles, 5% nano-boron nitride particles, and 8% kaolin is used as the insulation material. The mixture is heated to 210°C and extruded through a co-extrusion die at a speed controlled at 22 m / min, with the cooling temperature maintained at 22°C and an internal pressure of 0.5 MPa applied. Then, a 0.2 mm thick layer of a mixture of low-melting-point, high-viscosity ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive and 15% kaolin, and a 0.15 mm thick layer of a mixture of polyolefin hot melt adhesive and 10% kaolin are prepared and wound around the insulation layer 2 with a winding tension of 12 N. The mixture is then heated to 90°C, and so on. Hot melt adhesive is melted at 10℃ and cooled to form inner waterproof layer 3. High-strength aramid fiber, tin-plated copper wire and shape memory alloy wire are then mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.5. Using a three-dimensional weaving device, the weaving angle is controlled at 65° and the weaving density is 18 weaving points per centimeter to weave pressure-resistant layer 4. Next, silicone rubber with 10% nano zinc oxide, 4% nano titanium dioxide and 6% kaolin is used as the material for outer waterproof layer 5. It is sprayed onto the surface of pressure-resistant layer 4 with a pressure of 0.6MPa using a spraying device. After immersion coating, it is cured at 150℃ for 5 hours. Finally, a polyolefin elastomer with 18% flame retardant, 12% antioxidant, 8% nano montmorillonite and 12% kaolin is selected. The extruder temperature is set to 190℃ and the extrusion speed is 18m / min. It is first air-cooled at 60℃ and then water-cooled at 25℃ to complete the preparation of outer sheath 6.

[0022] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A pressure-resistant and waterproof cable, characterized in that, The cable core (1) is covered with an insulation layer (2), an inner waterproof layer (3) is covered with an inner waterproof layer (3), a pressure-resistant layer (4) is covered with an inner waterproof layer (3), an outer waterproof layer (5) is covered with an outer sheath (6).

2. A method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable, the method being used to prepare the pressure-resistant and waterproof cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Cable core preparation: made by multiple wire drawing processes using high-purity oxygen-free copper followed by silver plating. S2. Preparation of insulation layer: Using co-extrusion process, high-performance cross-linked polyethylene with 8-12% nano silica particles, 3-5% nano boron nitride particles and 5-8% clay as insulation material is heated to 190-210℃, extruded through co-extrusion die and then cooled to form. S3. Preparation of the inner waterproof layer: Two layers of hot melt adhesive film with different melting points are mixed with clay, wrapped around the outside of the insulation layer, heated to melt, and then cooled to form the inner waterproof layer. S4. Pressure-resistant layer preparation: It is formed by using a three-dimensional weaving process, with high-strength aramid fiber, tin-plated copper wire and shape memory alloy wire mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.5 as the weaving material; S5. Preparation of the outer waterproof layer: The outer waterproof layer material is an organosilicon rubber with a mass fraction of 5-10% nano zinc oxide, 2-4% nano titanium dioxide and 3-6% kaolin. It is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the pressure-resistant layer using a spraying equipment at a pressure of 0.4-0.6MPa. S6. Outer sheath preparation: A polyolefin elastomer with 12-18% flame retardant, 6-12% antioxidant, 4-8% nano montmorillonite and 8-12% kaolin by mass fraction is selected, extruded by an extruder and then cooled and molded.

3. The method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1 above, the silver plating thickness is 0.02-0.04 mm, and after silver plating, a graphene nano-coating with a thickness of 0.005-0.01 mm is coated on the surface to reduce the cable core resistance and improve the stability and anti-interference ability of signal transmission.

4. The method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2 above, the extrusion speed is controlled at 18-22 m / min, the cooling temperature is maintained at 18-22℃, and an internal pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa is applied during the extrusion process to make the insulation layer more compact and tightly bonded to the cable core.

5. The method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3 above, of the two hot melt adhesive films with different melting points, one layer is a mixture of low-melting-point, high-viscosity ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive and 10-15% kaolin by mass, with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm; the other layer is a mixture of polyolefin hot melt adhesive and 5-10% kaolin by mass, with a thickness of 0.05-0.15 mm. The winding tension is controlled at 6-12N, and then the temperature is successively heated to 80-90℃ to melt and penetrate the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hot melt adhesive, and then heated to 100-110℃ to melt the polyolefin hot melt adhesive.

6. The method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S4 above, the weaving angle is controlled at 50-65° and the weaving density is 14-18 weaving points per centimeter.

7. The method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S5 above, the outer waterproof layer formed by spraying is immersed in an organosilicon rubber solution containing carbon nanotubes and 2-5% clay by mass for dipping. After removal, it is cured at 130-150℃ for 3-5 hours to increase hydrophobicity.

8. The method for preparing a pressure-resistant and waterproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S6 above, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 170-190℃, the extrusion speed is 12-18m / min, and the cooling method is to first cool in an air-cooled environment at 50-60℃, and then cool in a water-cooled environment at 20-25℃.

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