Split type fuel cell control configuration and implementation method for voltage inspection

Abstract

The application provides a split type fuel cell control configuration and implementation method for voltage inspection. In the process of switching the battery channel, the differential signal amplitude output by the operational amplifier in the single-chip voltage acquisition module of the acquisition controller is collected; based on the differential signal amplitude and a preset signal amplitude range, a target signal gain is determined; in the case that a first difference value between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than a first preset difference value, and a second difference value between the target signal gain and a current signal gain is greater than a second preset difference value threshold, gain updating is performed according to the target signal gain, and signal sampling is re-performed; the target signal gain is configured while the battery channel switching is performed, and signal sampling is re-performed after waiting for a preset time range; through the above technical solution, the signal gain can be adjusted in real time, and the signal measurement accuracy is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell control configuration and implementation method with split voltage monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell stack consists of hundreds or thousands of fuel cell cells connected in series. Each cell operates at a voltage of approximately 0.60 to 0.90 V. During normal operation, a fuel cell system or fuel cell engine, with the fuel cell stack at its core, must monitor the voltage of each cell in real time. The fuel cell controller analyzes and judges these voltage values, and then adjusts other components in the fuel cell system to maintain stable system output power. In recent years, the fuel cell cell voltage monitoring function has also needed to be combined with an impedance monitoring unit to achieve real-time impedance monitoring of the stack. Therefore, cell voltage monitoring is a core function of fuel cells, and multi-channel and high precision are its core requirements.

[0003] Currently, the above functions are generally achieved by using a cell voltage monitor (CVM) in conjunction with a fuel cell controller. Each channel is equipped with a differential sampling chip with millivolt-level accuracy, and the voltage sampling value of each channel is finally reported to the system control unit in communication form through the output port of the CVM.

[0004] However, existing differential sampling chips are typically fixed-gain, which cannot adapt to changes in signal amplitude, leading to signal saturation or insufficient signal-to-noise ratio, and increased measurement errors. Therefore, improvements are needed to enhance measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration and implementation method, which solves the problem that the gain cannot adapt to changes in signal amplitude in the prior art. This application improves measurement accuracy by dynamically adjusting the signal gain.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application embodiment is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for implementing a split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration, the method comprising:

[0008] During the switching of battery channels, the amplitude of the differential signal output by the operational amplifier in the single-chip voltage acquisition module of the acquisition controller is collected;

[0009] The target signal gain is determined based on the differential signal amplitude and the preset signal amplitude range;

[0010] If the first difference between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than a first preset difference, and the second difference between the target signal gain and the current signal gain is greater than a second preset difference threshold, then the gain is updated according to the target signal gain, and the signal is resampled.

[0011] While performing battery channel switching, the target signal gain is configured, and after waiting for a preset time range, the signal is resampled.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the target signal gain is determined by the following formula: ;in, For the target signal gain, The current signal gain. For the target signal amplitude, The amplitude is the differential signal amplitude; the target signal amplitude is determined in the following way: ;in, This is the lower limit of the preset signal amplitude range. This is the upper limit of the preset signal amplitude range.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the step of performing gain update according to the target signal gain and resampling the signal includes:

[0014] Filter the target signal gain and update the gain based on the filtered target signal gain;

[0015] The filtering process is determined in the following way:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, The gain of the filtered target signal. For the target signal gain, These are the filter coefficients. This is the sampling sequence number.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the preset time range is determined by the following formula:

[0019] ;in, For the preset time range, To output setup time, Settlement time after gain configuration For safety margin.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0021] The common-mode voltage at the input of the operational amplifier is acquired, and the rate of change and AC component amplitude of the common-mode voltage are determined.

[0022] If the amplitude of the AC component is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold, common-mode interference is determined to exist. The input bias of other operational amplifiers is adjusted or the preset time range is expanded to reduce common-mode interference.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the rate of change of the common-mode voltage is determined by the following method: ;in, The common-mode voltage change rate, The common-mode voltage of the nth sample. This is the common-mode voltage sampled for the (n-1)th time. This is the sampling interval time;

[0024] The amplitude of the AC component is determined in the following way: ;in, For the amplitude of the AC component, The maximum voltage value within the time window. This represents the minimum voltage value within the time window.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0026] Real-time acquisition of voltage data from individual cells in the fuel cell; the voltage data includes instantaneous voltage value, voltage difference, voltage change rate, and voltage change trend;

[0027] The abnormal score of the individual battery is determined by weighted summation based on the voltage data and the preset voltage threshold.

[0028] The anomaly level of the individual battery is determined based on the range of the anomaly score, and an alarm message is output.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration for the steps of the method described in the first aspect. The fuel cell control configuration comprises a fuel cell stack voltage acquisition harness, a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell accessory module, and a controller. The fuel cell stack voltage acquisition harness is connected to both the fuel cell stack and the controller. The fuel cell accessory module is connected to the controller. The controller integrates a single-chip voltage acquisition module, which has a built-in operational amplifier and other operational amplifiers, including a first operational amplifier and a second operational amplifier. The operational amplifiers are connected to the other operational amplifiers.

[0030] The controller is configured to acquire the differential signal amplitude output by the operational amplifier in the controller's single-chip voltage acquisition module during battery channel switching; determine a target signal gain based on the differential signal amplitude and a preset signal amplitude range; and perform gain update and resample the signal if a first difference between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than a first preset difference and a second difference between the target signal gain and the current signal gain is greater than a second preset difference threshold. The controller also configures the target signal gain while performing battery channel switching, waits for a preset time range, and then resamples the signal.

[0031] The technical solutions provided in this application embodiment have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0032] This application combines a preset signal amplitude range to determine the signal gain of the operational amplifier output signal, and executes the signal gain under certain conditions, avoiding frequent signal adjustments caused by small fluctuations. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the signal gain, ensuring that the gain can adapt to changes in signal amplitude, thereby keeping the signal always within the optimal input range and improving measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for implementing a split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 A block diagram of another split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for implementing a split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps.

[0039] S101. During the switching process of the battery channel, the differential signal amplitude output by the operational amplifier in the single-chip voltage acquisition module of the controller is acquired.

[0040] S102. Based on the differential signal amplitude and the preset signal amplitude range, determine the target signal gain.

[0041] The preset signal amplitude range can be the range of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

[0042] S103. If the first difference between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than the first preset difference threshold, and the second difference between the target signal gain and the current signal gain is greater than the second preset difference threshold, perform gain update according to the target signal gain and resample the signal.

[0043] For example, the first preset difference threshold can be between 45-55mV, such as 45mV, 50mV, or 55mV; the second preset difference threshold can be between 0.3-0.6, such as 0.3, 0.5, or 0.6, etc., without any limitation here. In this way, the first preset difference threshold can be used to determine whether the signal has truly deviated from the target amplitude, avoiding false triggering due to noise, and the second preset difference threshold can be used to avoid minor ineffective adjustments, thereby setting an adjustment dead zone and enhancing the stability of signal adjustment.

[0044] S104. While performing battery channel switching, configure the target signal gain, wait for a preset time range, and then resample the signal.

[0045] For example, the preset time range can be 20-25. , such as 20 Or 25 etc., no specific limit is specified here.

[0046] This application combines a preset signal amplitude range to determine the signal gain of the operational amplifier output signal, and executes the signal gain under certain conditions, avoiding frequent signal adjustments caused by small fluctuations. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the signal gain, ensuring that the gain can adapt to changes in signal amplitude, thereby keeping the signal always within the optimal input range and improving measurement accuracy.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the target signal gain is determined by the following formula: ;in, For the target signal gain, The current signal gain. For the target signal amplitude, The amplitude of the differential signal is determined as follows: ;in, This is the lower limit of the preset signal amplitude range. This is the upper limit of the preset signal amplitude range. For example, the range of this analog-to-digital converter can be [-2.5, 2.5], in which case the total range is 5V, and the target signal amplitude can be 2-2.5V, such as 2V or 2.5V, etc., without limitation here.

[0048] In one possible implementation, S103 may include: performing filtering on the target signal gain, and performing gain update based on the filtered target signal gain; the filtering process is determined in the following manner: ;in, The gain of the filtered target signal. For the target signal gain, These are the filter coefficients. This is the sampling sequence number.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the preset time range is determined by the following formula: ;in, For the preset time range, To output setup time, Settlement time after gain configuration For safety margin.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring the common-mode voltage at the input of the operational amplifier, determining the rate of change of the common-mode voltage and the amplitude of the AC component; if the amplitude of the AC component is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold, determining that common-mode interference exists, and adjusting the input bias of other operational amplifiers or expanding the preset time range to reduce common-mode interference. For example, the preset amplitude threshold can be set by the user, and is not limited here.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the rate of change of the common-mode voltage is determined by the following method: ;in, The common-mode voltage change rate, The common-mode voltage of the nth sample. This is the common-mode voltage sampled for the (n-1)th time. The sampling interval time; the amplitude of this AC component is determined in the following way: ;in, For the amplitude of the AC component, The maximum voltage value within the time window. This represents the minimum voltage value within the time window.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: real-time acquisition of voltage data of individual cells in the fuel cell; the voltage data includes instantaneous voltage value, voltage difference, voltage change rate, and voltage change trend; weighted summation based on the voltage data and a preset voltage threshold to determine the anomaly score of the individual cell; determining the anomaly level of the individual cell according to the range of the anomaly score, and outputting alarm information.

[0053] In some embodiments, the preset voltage threshold can be a voltage threshold, a voltage difference threshold, a voltage change rate threshold, and a voltage change trend threshold. The above-mentioned weighted summation based on the voltage data and the preset voltage threshold to determine the abnormal score of the single cell can be achieved in the following ways:

[0054] ;

[0055] in, For abnormal scoring, This is the instantaneous voltage value. This is the voltage reference value. For voltage threshold, This is the voltage difference. The voltage difference threshold. The rate of change of voltage. The voltage change rate threshold. The voltage change trend The threshold for voltage change trend. Let be the weight coefficient, and satisfy... .

[0056] The above-mentioned determination of the anomaly level of a single battery cell based on the range of the anomaly score, and the output of alarm information, may include: if the anomaly score is 0, determining that the single battery cell is not abnormal; ... and so on. In this case, it was determined that the individual battery cell had a slight abnormality; with an abnormality score of In this case, the individual cell was determined to have a moderate anomaly; with an anomaly score of In this case, the individual cell was determined to be highly abnormal; with an abnormality score of In this case, it was determined that the individual battery cell had an emergency anomaly.

[0057] In other embodiments, the method may further include: performing a fast Fourier transform on the acquired voltage signal to extract the amplitude and phase of the fundamental frequency component, and combining this with a preset excitation current amplitude to determine the AC impedance value of the fuel cell stack; based on this AC impedance value, performing correlation analysis with current operating parameters of the fuel cell stack such as temperature, humidity, and output current to determine abnormal states of the fuel cell stack such as membrane dryness and flooding. If the AC impedance value deviates from a preset impedance threshold, adjusting the operating parameters of the fuel cell accessory modules to achieve closed-loop control of the fuel cell stack. For example, the preset impedance threshold can be set by the user and is not limited here.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the method may further include: real-time monitoring of the current change rate and voltage fluctuation amplitude of the fuel cell stack; determining that the fuel cell stack is in a stable operating condition when the current change rate is less than a preset change rate threshold, the voltage fluctuation amplitude is less than a preset voltage amplitude threshold, and the duration is greater than a preset time threshold, and in this case, extending the voltage inspection cycle to 100ms. Determining that the fuel cell stack is in a dynamic operating condition when the current change rate is greater than a preset change rate threshold or the voltage fluctuation amplitude is greater than a preset voltage amplitude threshold, and in this case, shortening the inspection cycle to 10ms to capture instantaneous voltage fluctuations.

[0059] The preset rate of change threshold can be between 4-6A / s, such as 4A / s, 5A / s, or 6A / s; the preset voltage amplitude threshold can be between 0.8-1.2V, such as 0.8V, 1V, or 1.2V; and the preset time threshold can be between 80-120ms, such as 80ms, 100ms, or 120ms. No specific limitation is imposed here.

[0060] Figure 2 A block diagram of another split-type voltage monitoring fuel cell control configuration provided in an embodiment of this application. (See diagram below.) Figure 2As shown, the fuel cell control configuration 200 consists of a fuel cell stack voltage acquisition harness 210, a fuel cell stack 220, a fuel cell accessory module 230, and a controller 240. The fuel cell stack voltage acquisition harness 210 is connected to the fuel cell stack 220 and the controller 240. The fuel cell accessory module 230 is connected to the controller 240. The controller 240 integrates a single-chip voltage acquisition module 250, which has a built-in operational amplifier 251 and other operational amplifiers 252. The other operational amplifiers 252 include a first operational amplifier 253 and a second operational amplifier 254. The operational amplifiers 251 and the other operational amplifiers 252 are connected.

[0061] The controller 240 is used to acquire the differential signal amplitude output by the operational amplifier 251 in the single-chip voltage acquisition module 250 of the controller 240 during the switching of battery channels; determine the target signal gain based on the differential signal amplitude and a preset signal amplitude range; if the first difference between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than a first preset difference, and the second difference between the target signal gain and the current signal gain is greater than a second preset difference threshold, perform gain update according to the target signal gain and resample the signal; configure the target signal gain while performing battery channel switching, wait for a preset time range, and then resample the signal.

[0062] This application combines a preset signal amplitude range to determine the signal gain of the operational amplifier output signal, and executes the signal gain under certain conditions, avoiding frequent signal adjustments caused by small fluctuations. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the signal gain, ensuring that the gain can adapt to changes in signal amplitude, thereby keeping the signal always within the optimal input range and improving measurement accuracy.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A method for implementing a fuel cell control configuration with split-type voltage monitoring, characterized in that, The method includes: During the switching of battery channels, the amplitude of the differential signal output by the operational amplifier in the single-chip voltage acquisition module of the acquisition controller is collected; The target signal gain is determined based on the differential signal amplitude and the preset signal amplitude range; If the first difference between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than a first preset difference, and the second difference between the target signal gain and the current signal gain is greater than a second preset difference threshold, then the gain is updated according to the target signal gain, and the signal is resampled. While performing battery channel switching, the target signal gain is configured, and after waiting for a preset time range, the signal is resampled.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target signal gain is determined by the following formula: ;in, For the target signal gain, The current signal gain. For the target signal amplitude, The amplitude is the differential signal amplitude; the target signal amplitude is determined in the following way: ;in, This is the lower limit of the preset signal amplitude range. This is the upper limit of the preset signal amplitude range.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing gain update according to the target signal gain and resampling the signal includes: Filter the target signal gain and update the gain based on the filtered target signal gain; The filtering process is determined in the following way: ;in, The gain of the filtered target signal. For the target signal gain, These are the filter coefficients. This is the sampling sequence number.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset time range is determined by the following formula: ;in, For the preset time range, To output setup time, Settlement time after gain configuration For safety margin.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The common-mode voltage at the input of the operational amplifier is acquired, and the rate of change and AC component amplitude of the common-mode voltage are determined. If the amplitude of the AC component is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold, common-mode interference is determined to exist. The input bias of other operational amplifiers is adjusted or the preset time range is expanded to reduce common-mode interference.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rate of change of the common-mode voltage is determined in the following way: ;in, The common-mode voltage change rate, The common-mode voltage of the nth sample. This is the common-mode voltage of the (n-1)th sample. This is the sampling interval time; The amplitude of the AC component is determined in the following way: ;in, For the amplitude of the AC component, The maximum voltage value within the time window. This represents the minimum voltage value within the time window.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Real-time acquisition of voltage data from individual cells in the fuel cell; the voltage data includes instantaneous voltage value, voltage difference, voltage change rate, and voltage change trend; The abnormal score of the individual battery is determined by weighted summation based on the voltage data and the preset voltage threshold. The anomaly level of the individual battery is determined based on the range of the anomaly score, and an alarm message is output.

8. A fuel cell control configuration with split-type voltage monitoring, characterized in that, For performing the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the fuel cell control configuration comprises a fuel cell stack voltage acquisition harness, a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell accessory module, and a controller; the fuel cell stack voltage acquisition harness is connected to the fuel cell stack and the controller respectively; the fuel cell accessory module is connected to the controller; the controller integrates a single-chip voltage acquisition module, the single-chip voltage acquisition module has a built-in operational amplifier and other operational amplifiers, the other operational amplifiers including a first operational amplifier and a second operational amplifier; the operational amplifiers and the other operational amplifiers are connected; The controller is configured to acquire the differential signal amplitude output by the operational amplifier in the controller's single-chip voltage acquisition module during battery channel switching; determine a target signal gain based on the differential signal amplitude and a preset signal amplitude range; and perform gain update and resample the signal if a first difference between the differential signal amplitude and the target signal gain is greater than a first preset difference and a second difference between the target signal gain and the current signal gain is greater than a second preset difference threshold. The controller also configures the target signal gain while performing battery channel switching, waits for a preset time range, and then resamples the signal.

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