Small hydropower cluster management method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to a small hydropower cluster management method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of power distribution network operation management.The method comprises the following steps: acquiring cluster operation information and power distribution network operation constraint information of a small hydropower cluster under the condition that the communication state of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirement; determining cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster according to the cluster operation information and the power distribution network operation constraint information; constructing a small hydropower cluster feasible region according to each single-station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information; the small hydropower cluster feasible region is used for describing all reachable operation states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the single-station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are met; and the small hydropower cluster feasible region is sent to the small hydropower cluster; and the small hydropower cluster feasible region is used for instructing the small hydropower cluster to self-operate according to the small hydropower cluster feasible region under the condition that the communication state does not meet the communication requirement. The method can meet the management requirement of weak-communication hydropower stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power distribution network operation and management technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for small hydropower cluster management. Background Technology

[0002] Hydropower typically operates in a multi-site cluster connected to the same transformer area, feeder, or distribution network section. Its impact on the operational safety of the distribution network is mainly determined by the overall output characteristics of the cluster. Existing technologies are mostly designed for single hydropower stations. Even when applied to multi-site scenarios, their control logic is still primarily based on independent control of each station. Furthermore, in mountainous and remote areas, hydropower stations generally face problems such as unstable communication links, uncontrollable communication delays, and frequent communication interruptions.

[0003] Therefore, the existing small hydropower cluster management methods cannot meet the management needs of hydropower stations with weak communication capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a small hydropower cluster management method, device, equipment, and storage medium that can meet the management needs of hydropower stations with weak communication in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for managing small hydropower clusters, including:

[0006] When the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster are obtained; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station.

[0007] Based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information, the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster is determined;

[0008] Based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, a feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is constructed; the feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are satisfied.

[0009] The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements.

[0010] In one embodiment, constructing the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information includes:

[0011] The vertex set of the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is obtained by using the vertex enumeration method or the constraint projection method, based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information.

[0012] The feasible domain vertex set of the small hydropower cluster is converted into a half-space representation to obtain the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster.

[0013] In one embodiment, sending the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster includes:

[0014] The feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is parameterized to obtain the parameterized feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0015] According to the preset decomposition rules, the feasible domain of the parameterized small hydropower cluster is decomposed to obtain the operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station.

[0016] The operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station are sent to each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster. Each hydropower station is used to coordinate its operation according to the operating boundary parameters and the global power flow status of the distribution network, provided that the communication status meets the communication requirements.

[0017] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0018] Each of the aforementioned hydropower stations is further configured to, when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements and the communication status is within a first communication quality range, perform self-operation based on the most recently received operating boundary parameters and locally measurable operating information.

[0019] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0020] Each of the hydropower stations is further configured to, when the communication state does not meet the communication requirements and the communication state is within the second communication quality range, update the operating boundary parameters to obtain updated operating boundary parameters, and perform self-operation based on the updated operating boundary parameters; the range corresponding to the updated operating boundary parameters is smaller than the range corresponding to the operating boundary parameters.

[0021] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0022] If the communication status of the small hydropower cluster simultaneously meets the following conditions: the communication time with the small hydropower cluster is greater than a preset communication time period, the communication delay is less than or equal to a preset delay threshold, the packet loss rate is less than or equal to a preset packet loss rate threshold, and the versions of the received operation information of each of the hydropower stations are consistent, then the communication status is determined to meet the communication requirements.

[0023] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0024] When the communication state changes from not meeting communication requirements to meeting communication requirements, the updated cluster operation information of the small hydropower cluster is obtained;

[0025] The updated cluster operation information is verified to obtain the verification result;

[0026] Based on the verification results, the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is updated to obtain the updated feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0027] Secondly, this application also provides a small hydropower cluster management device, comprising:

[0028] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station.

[0029] The constraint determination module is used to determine the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information;

[0030] The feasible domain construction module is used to construct the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition of satisfying the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information.

[0031] The data transmission module is used to send the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication state does not meet the communication requirements.

[0032] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0033] When the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster are obtained; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station.

[0034] Based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information, the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster is determined;

[0035] Based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, a feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is constructed; the feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are satisfied.

[0036] The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements.

[0037] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0038] When the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster are obtained; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station.

[0039] Based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information, the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster is determined;

[0040] Based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, a feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is constructed; the feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are satisfied.

[0041] The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements.

[0042] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0043] When the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster are obtained; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station.

[0044] Based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information, the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster is determined;

[0045] Based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, a feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is constructed; the feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are satisfied.

[0046] The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements.

[0047] The aforementioned small hydropower cluster management method, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product, under the condition that the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, acquire cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder, or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station; based on the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information, determine the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster; based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, construct the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are satisfied; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements. This technology enables small hydropower clusters to maintain their overall operation within shared operational constraints even under weak communication conditions, without requiring the acquisition of the global power flow status of the distribution network or inter-station communication coordination. This achieves safe, robust, and autonomous operation of small hydropower clusters in a weak communication environment. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a small hydropower cluster management method in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the boundary parameter determination step in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a small hydropower cluster management method in another embodiment;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a small hydropower cluster management device in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 5 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0055] As described in the background section, existing small hydropower cluster management methods cannot meet the management needs of hydropower stations with weak communication capabilities. The inventors have found that this problem arises because small hydropower stations typically operate as multi-site clusters connected to the same distribution area, feeder, or distribution network section. Their impact on the safety of the distribution network is mainly determined by the overall output characteristics of the cluster, such as the upper limit of total output, the rate of change of total output, and the voltage stability margin at the grid connection point. Existing technologies are mostly designed for individual small hydropower stations. Even when applied to multi-site scenarios, their control logic is still primarily based on independent control of each station. For example, using PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) regulation to maintain constant generator voltage fails to effectively address the overall operational safety issues of small hydropower clusters under shared constraints such as grid connection point capacity, line current carrying capacity, dynamic reactive power support, and ecological flow. In mountainous and remote areas, small hydropower stations commonly face problems such as unstable communication links, uncontrollable communication delays, and frequent communication interruptions. Under weak communication conditions, the small hydropower stations in a small hydropower cluster cannot obtain a consistent global power flow status in real time, nor can they rely on continuous communication to achieve inter-station coordination. Existing control methods that rely on real-time scheduling or global state awareness are difficult to implement effectively. For example, distributed control methods based on multi-agent negotiation will fail when communication is interrupted, while centralized methods that rely on cloud scheduling cannot guarantee the real-time performance and accuracy of control due to communication delays. Moreover, when the communication delay exceeds 50ms, the closed-loop stability of traditional AGC (Automatic Gain Control) systems will decrease significantly.

[0056] Based on the above reasons, this application provides a small hydropower cluster management method, which aims to ensure the overall operational safety of the small hydropower cluster without relying on global power flow perception or real-time inter-station communication, and under weak communication conditions.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for managing small hydropower clusters is provided. This embodiment illustrates the method by applying it to a server. The server communicates with multiple small hydropower clusters. It can be understood that the server can be an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services. The method includes the following steps S102 to S108. Wherein:

[0058] Step S102: If the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, obtain the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster.

[0059] A small hydropower cluster comprises multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder, or distribution network section. Cluster operation information includes individual station constraint information for each hydropower station. This cluster operation information can be a set of basic static and dynamic parameters describing the current and potential operational capabilities of the small hydropower cluster as a whole and its constituent hydropower stations. The server can construct an electrical topology model of the small hydropower cluster based on this information. The cluster operation information includes at least the number of hydropower stations included in the cluster, the installed capacity of each hydropower station, its location (station index), and the distribution area, feeder, or distribution network section information to which the small hydropower cluster is connected (such as grid connection point and Point of Common Coupling, PCC). Distribution network constraint information can be global, hard restrictions determined by the physical equipment capabilities and operating procedures of the distribution network, acting on the connection point of the small hydropower cluster, such as the upper limit of feeder current carrying capacity, the allowable voltage range at the grid connection point, and transformer capacity. Among them, the single-station constraint information can be the inherent equipment-level and ecological-level operating constraints of each hydropower station, independent of other power stations, such as the minimum output corresponding to the ecological flow discharge, line impedance parameters, transformer tap position and ratio, etc.

[0060] Among them, communication status can be a comprehensive indicator that characterizes the real-time performance, consistency and reliability of the data link between the small hydropower cluster and the upper-level control system, or between the cluster master station.

[0061] Among them, communication requirements can be the minimum communication performance thresholds that must be met to ensure the centralized and coordinated operation of small hydropower clusters.

[0062] It should be noted that each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster is equipped with an intelligent controller capable of local measurement, calculation, storage, and execution. It supports common communication protocols such as Modbus (a serial communication protocol) and IEC 60870-5-104 (a communication protocol in the field of power system automation) and is pre-installed with feasible region resolution algorithms. The system adopts a centralized-distributed hybrid architecture. When communication is good, the centralized server (or master station) is responsible for calculating and distributing the feasible region, while the distributed local controllers independently execute autonomous control when communication is weak.

[0063] Optionally, the server first determines the communication status between the small hydropower cluster and the server. If the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, it obtains the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster as data support for subsequent management of the small hydropower cluster. It is understood that the cluster operation information includes at least: the number of hydropower stations included in the small hydropower cluster; the installed capacity and connection location of each hydropower station; the transformer substation, feeder, or distribution network section information connected to the small hydropower cluster; and the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station. The distribution network operation constraint information includes at least the distribution network operation constraint parameters and ecological operation constraint parameters.

[0064] Step S104: Determine the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information.

[0065] Among them, the cluster-level constraint information can be a set of mathematical constraints that are abstracted from the distribution network operation constraint information and the cluster operation information and act on the overall operation state vector of the small hydropower cluster. The constraint form can be a system of linear inequalities.

[0066] Optionally, the server determines the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information. The cluster-level operation constraints include at least: the overall power constraint of the cluster determined by the distribution network operation capacity, the overall power change constraint of the cluster determined by the distribution network regulation capacity, the voltage operation constraint of shared nodes determined by the equipment operation safety and ecological operation requirements, and ecological flow constraints, etc. Among them, the ecological flow constraint is used to limit the allowable range of the overall operation status of the small hydropower cluster.

[0067] Specifically, the overall power constraint of the cluster, determined by the operating capacity of the distribution network, includes the total active power constraint of small hydropower clusters: Where N is the total number of hydropower stations; P i P represents the active power of the i-th hydropower station. total，max The upper limit of the total active power of a small hydropower cluster; the upper limit of the total reactive power of a small hydropower cluster. , where Q i Let Q be the reactive power of the i-th hydropower station. total，maxThis represents the upper limit of the total reactive power of the small hydropower cluster. The power factor at point PCC is... The power factor constraint at the PCC point is: The overall power variation constraints of small hydropower clusters, determined by the regulation capacity of the distribution network, include the active power ramping rate constraints of small hydropower clusters. Its discrete form is: And also includes backflow prevention constraints This is applicable when backfeeding to the next higher level of the power grid is not permitted. This represents the output of the i-th hydropower station at the previous time step. Furthermore, the shared node voltage constraint can be based on a linear relationship between the PCC point voltage and the output of each hydropower station, established through sensitivity analysis. The voltage constraint of the point of common coupling (PCC) is: , where V pcc K is the voltage at the point of common coupling PCC. i,p and K i,q The voltage-power sensitivity coefficient is obtained through the inversion of the Jacobian matrix or the perturbation method, V pcc,min and V pcc,max These are the lower and upper voltage limits at the point of common coupling, respectively. Ecological flow constraints can be the minimum technical output of each hydropower station. Ecological flow requirements (minimum output corresponding to the ecological flow discharge) The largest of them: It is used to limit the permissible range of the overall operating status of a small hydropower cluster.

[0068] Step S106: Construct the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information.

[0069] Among them, the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition of satisfying the single-station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information.

[0070] Optionally, the server constructs an operational feasible region to describe the overall permissible operating states of the small hydropower cluster based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information. It can be understood that the operational feasible region is jointly defined by multiple sets of linear constraints, forming a closed convex set in the operating state space, which is used to characterize all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the conditions of satisfying the constraints of distribution network safety, equipment operation, and ecology.

[0071] Step S108: Send the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster.

[0072] Among them, the feasible domain of small hydropower cluster is used to indicate that if the communication status does not meet the communication requirements, the small hydropower cluster will operate automatically according to the feasible domain of small hydropower cluster.

[0073] Optionally, the server sends the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain if the communication status does not meet the communication requirements. It is understood that if the communication status meets the communication requirements, the small hydropower cluster will also use the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster as an operational reference, and the hydropower stations in the small hydropower cluster will negotiate and dynamically adjust their operating status.

[0074] In the aforementioned small hydropower cluster management method, when the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster are obtained. The small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder, or distribution network section. The cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station. Based on the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information, the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster is determined. Based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is constructed. The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition of satisfying the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information. The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster. The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements. This technology enables small hydropower stations to maintain their overall operation within shared operational constraints even under weak communication conditions, without needing to obtain the global power flow status of the distribution network or coordinate inter-station communication. This achieves safe and robust autonomous operation of small hydropower stations in a weak communication environment.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment, step S106 constructs a feasible domain for a small hydropower cluster based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information, including:

[0076] The vertex enumeration method or constraint projection method is used to solve the problem based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information, so as to obtain the vertex set of the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster. The vertex set of the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is converted into a half-space representation to obtain the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0077] Among them, the vertex enumeration method refers to the method of solving all geometric vertices of the feasible region when constructing the feasible region of a small hydropower cluster by traversing the system of linear inequalities composed of single-station constraint information (such as the upper and lower limits of single-unit output) and cluster-level constraint information (such as the total power limit of the cross section) through mathematical algorithms; and the constraint projection method refers to the method of mapping high-dimensional cluster-level constraint information (such as the total output limit of the entire cluster) to the low-dimensional single-station operating space through mathematical projection operations, thereby obtaining the independent executable constraint boundaries of each hydropower station.

[0078] The vertex set of the feasible region of a small hydropower cluster can refer to the set of all limit operating state points that satisfy single-station constraints and cluster-level constraints obtained by solving the problem through vertex enumeration or constraint projection methods. This set geometrically constitutes the vertex contour of the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0079] Among them, the half-space representation can refer to the mathematical expression of the set of vertices of the feasible region of a small hydropower cluster into a set of linear inequality constraints. Each inequality represents a "half-space", and the intersection of multiple half-spaces constitutes the final feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0080] Optionally, the server employs either vertex enumeration or constraint projection to solve multiple linear programming problems based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information, obtaining the vertex set of the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster. This vertex set can then be converted into a half-space representation to obtain the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster. The feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is jointly defined by multiple sets of linear constraints, forming a closed convex set in the operating state space. This set is used to characterize all reachable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the conditions of satisfying distribution network safety, equipment operation, and ecological constraints. The expression for the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Where Ω represents the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster, and P i Let P be the active power of the i-th hydropower station (i=1, 2, ..., N), where N is the total number of hydropower stations in the small hydropower cluster. i,min P represents the lower limit of active power for a single hydropower station. i,max Q represents the upper limit of active power of a single hydropower station. i Let Q be the reactive power of the i-th hydropower station. i,min Q represents the lower limit of active power for a single hydropower station. i,max V represents the upper limit of active power for a single hydropower station. pcc The voltage at the point of common coupling PCC, V pcc,min and V pcc,max These are the lower and upper voltage limits of the common coupling point, respectively.

[0083] In this embodiment, multiple linear programming problems are solved using vertex enumeration or constraint projection methods. This maps the dispersed constraints of individual station equipment and the cluster-level power grid security constraints into a mathematically rigorous and provable polyhedral feasible region. This achieves a leap from empirical estimation to precise calculation of the security boundary, ensuring that the feasible region forms a closed convex set in the operating state space. This comprehensively characterizes all achievable states that meet the requirements of distribution network security, equipment limits, and ecological conditions, avoiding the waste of regulation capacity due to conservative estimation. At the same time, converting the vertex set into a half-space representation (a system of linear inequalities) not only reduces the verification calculation burden of the hydropower station's local controller during the weak communication autonomous stage, meeting the needs of autonomous operation based on local information, but also provides a standardized and analytical mathematical foundation for subsequent parameterized decomposition and offline security guarantees. This improves the accuracy, completeness, and engineering feasibility of cluster operating boundary generation, fundamentally ensuring that the cluster operating state is always within the safe domain under weak communication conditions.

[0084] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, step S108 sends the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster, including steps S202 to S206, wherein:

[0085] Step S202: The feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is parameterized to obtain the parameterized feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0086] Parameterization can be the process of representing the feasible domain of a small hydropower cluster as a set of structured parameters that can be transmitted, stored, and parsed.

[0087] Optionally, the server performs parameterization processing on the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to obtain the parameterized feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster, which lays the groundwork for subsequent decomposition processing.

[0088] Step S204: According to the preset decomposition rules, the feasible domain of the parameterized small hydropower cluster is decomposed to obtain the operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station.

[0089] The preset decomposition rules can be a set of deterministic algorithmic logic that maps the feasible domain of the cluster-level polyhedron to the local executable boundaries of each hydropower station; the decomposition process can be the process of performing mathematical projection and relaxation operations on the parameterized feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster according to the preset decomposition rules to generate the exclusive operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station.

[0090] Among them, the operating boundary parameters can be localized, programmable, and directly embedded numerical constraint instructions that are output from the decomposition process and distributed to each hydropower station.

[0091] Optionally, the server decomposes the feasible domain of the parameterized small hydropower cluster according to preset decomposition rules to obtain the operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station. Specifically, the server maps the operating boundaries to locally executable operating boundary parameters for each hydropower station according to preset decomposition rules. The operating boundary parameters include at least: the maximum allowable output range of each small hydropower station; the minimum allowable output range of each small hydropower station; and the output variation restrictions for each small hydropower station. Through decomposition, the operating state of each small hydropower station, even when operating independently, still satisfies the overall operating constraints at the cluster level.

[0092] Specifically, the maximum permissible local active power output of the i-th hydropower station is defined as: Its local minimum allowable output is defined as: Both of the above extreme value problems are linear programming problems, and their standard form is: or After solving, the local active power operating range of the i-th hydropower station is obtained: This interval represents the maximum and minimum power output range allowed for the i-th power station without violating the overall operational constraints of the cluster. Since the reactive power and active power outputs of each hydropower station are coupled, under a fixed active power output condition, the extreme reactive power value of the i-th power station... Defined as:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Since the feasible region Ω of the small hydropower cluster is a set of polyhedra, and the above function is a piecewise linear function, there exists a finite set of linear functions such that:

[0096]

[0097] in, The slope; This is the intercept.

[0098] The specific implementation of local ramp constraint decomposition includes the following: the cluster-level active power change rate constraint is:

[0099]

[0100] in, The maximum allowable rate of change for the small hydropower cluster is given; this is decomposed into constraints for individual hydropower stations. And needs to meet The proportional allocation method is as follows:

[0101] ;

[0102] Step S206: Send the operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station to each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster.

[0103] Among them, collaborative operation can be an operation mode in which each hydropower station dynamically adjusts its own output based on the global power flow status of the distribution network, such as the voltage at the access point, the line load rate, and unified dispatch instructions, through inter-station communication negotiation or centralized optimization algorithms, in order to achieve the overall optimal goal of the cluster, such as maximizing absorption and minimizing network loss.

[0104] Each hydropower station is used to coordinate its operation according to the operating boundary parameters and the global power flow status of the distribution network, provided that the communication status meets the communication requirements.

[0105] Optionally, the server sends the operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station to each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster, so as to instruct each hydropower station to operate in coordination according to the operating boundary parameters and the global power flow status of the distribution network, provided that the communication status meets the communication requirements.

[0106] In this embodiment, specifically, parameterization transforms the abstract feasible domain of a small hydropower cluster into a standardized parameter set that is structurally clear, verifiable, and version-manageable. This solves the engineering bottleneck of traditional geometric descriptions being difficult to transmit, store, and parse. The preset decomposition rules, through mathematical projection and conservative relaxation, generate localized operating boundary parameters for each hydropower station that are strictly embedded within the original feasible domain, without relying on real-time inter-station negotiation. This ensures that the overall state of the cluster always meets shared constraints such as power limits, voltage stability, and ecological leakage when any power station operates independently. It also avoids common problems in distributed optimization, such as poor convergence, high communication overhead, and decoupling distortion. Furthermore, by using the boundary parameters as a safety baseline for collaborative operation, hydropower stations can carry out refined collaborative control based on the global power flow state when communication is available, without exceeding the system safety baseline due to impulsive local optimization.

[0107] In one exemplary embodiment, the above-described small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0108] Each hydropower station is also used to perform self-operation based on the most recently received operating boundary parameters and locally measurable operating information when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements and the communication status is within the first communication quality range.

[0109] The first communication quality range can be an interval where the communication status does not meet the communication requirements but has not yet deteriorated significantly. For example, it can be the case where the duration of a single communication interruption is less than a preset threshold (e.g., 2 minutes), the information delay is less than 10 seconds, or the difference in the version number of the received parameters between stations is less than or equal to 1.

[0110] Among them, locally measurable operational information can be physical quantities and state quantities that a hydropower station can acquire in real time without external communication, solely through on-site sensors and monitoring systems.

[0111] Among them, self-operation can be a closed-loop control mode in which the hydropower station breaks away from the cluster collaborative control when the communication does not meet the requirements, and makes its own decisions and executes output regulation based entirely on the pre-stored operating boundary parameters and locally measurable operating information.

[0112] Understandably, the server determines the operating boundary parameters in real time or periodically and sends them to the small hydropower cluster when the communication status meets the requirements. Each hydropower station stores the received operating boundary parameters. When the communication status does not meet the requirements but is within the first communication quality range, each hydropower station performs self-operation based on the most recently received operating boundary parameters and locally measurable operating information. This enables each small hydropower station to perform autonomous operation based solely on locally measurable operating information and pre-stored operating boundary parameters without obtaining the global power flow status of the distribution network or engaging in inter-station communication or negotiation.

[0113] Specifically, the operating boundary parameters of the fishing village include: the droop adjustment is defined as: The original reference value is : Amplitude limiting function used: The final reference output is: The discrete ramping constraint is: ;

[0114] in, The output power is determined based on the baseline conditions. This is the local frequency adjustment (analog droop control). For the rated frequency, This refers to the droop factor. For example, when the inflow increases, the power station automatically increases its output, but ensures that it does not exceed its local maximum allowable output. During the autonomous operation of each hydropower station, although each station operates independently, its operational status remains within the feasible region Ω or feasible subregion of the small hydropower cluster at the cluster level. Within this range, the mathematical properties of feasible region projection decomposition guarantee the validity of the result.

[0115] In this embodiment, the server updates and distributes operational boundary parameters in real time or periodically when communication is good. The system continuously solidifies the dynamically changing distribution network constraint information and cluster operation information into safety instructions that each hydropower station can execute locally, ensuring that the boundary parameters always reflect the latest system status. When communication deteriorates to the first communication quality range, each hydropower station automatically activates the most recent reliable boundary parameters without any judgment or manual intervention, and performs closed-loop adjustment in combination with local measurable information. This process does not rely on global power flow perception and inter-station interaction, avoiding the risk of exceeding limits caused by inaccurate state estimation and asynchronous communication in traditional methods. At the same time, it avoids the waste of adjustment margin caused by conservative fixed boundaries. It not only ensures a rigid safety bottom line under extreme weak network conditions, but also retains the ability to maintain high adjustment flexibility under slight communication disturbances. This improves the robustness, autonomy and practicality of small hydropower clusters in mountainous areas with wide distribution and fragile links.

[0116] In one exemplary embodiment, the above-described small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0117] Each hydropower station is also used to update the operating boundary parameters when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements and the communication status is within the second communication quality range, so as to obtain the updated operating boundary parameters and perform self-operation based on the updated operating boundary parameters.

[0118] The updated range of the running boundary parameters is smaller than the range of the running boundary parameters.

[0119] The second communication quality range can be an interval where the communication status is severely degraded or on the verge of interruption. The communication quality corresponding to the first communication quality range is better than the communication quality corresponding to the second communication quality range. For example, when the communication status meets at least one of the following conditions: continuous communication interruption duration > preset threshold (e.g., 5 minutes), information delay > 30 seconds or complete loss, and the difference in parameter version number between stations ≥ 2 or cannot be parsed.

[0120] Understandably, by updating and distributing operational boundary parameters in real time or periodically when communication is good, the system continuously solidifies the dynamically changing distribution network constraint information and cluster operation information into safety instructions that each hydropower station can execute locally, ensuring that the boundary parameters always reflect the latest system status. When the communication status does not meet the communication requirements and is within the second communication quality range, each hydropower station updates the operational boundary parameters to obtain updated operational boundary parameters and performs self-operation based on the updated operational boundary parameters. Specifically, each hydropower station tightens the operational boundary parameters, so that the operation status of the small hydropower cluster is restricted to the embedded sub-boundaries of the operational boundary parameters, thereby improving the robustness of the small hydropower cluster operation under weak communication conditions.

[0121] In one embodiment, when the operating boundary parameters stored by different hydropower stations have version differences or exceed the effective time window, the corresponding hydropower station automatically adopts more conservative operating boundary parameters, so that its operating state is limited to the embedded subdomain of the feasible operating domain.

[0122] In this embodiment, the server dynamically updates the boundary parameters when communication is good, ensuring that it always integrates the latest distribution network operation constraints and cluster operation information, so that the initial boundary is both timely and accurate. When communication deteriorates to the second communication quality range, each hydropower station no longer passively uses the possibly mismatched operation boundary parameters, but actively performs deterministic tightening of the operation boundary parameters according to the embedded local degradation algorithm, such as shrinking the output range according to a preset ratio, superimposing additional ramp suppression factors, and activating the ecological rigid lower limit, generating a conservative subdomain that is strictly contained within the original feasible domain. The updated operation boundary parameters, although sacrificing some adjustment flexibility, can effectively absorb the state perception blind spot, model mismatch and disturbance uncertainty caused by communication failure, so that even without any external information input, the core indicators such as the overall power of the cluster, the rate of change and the voltage of key nodes can still be ensured not to exceed the limit.

[0123] For example, when the communication quality of a hydropower station deteriorates, a communication quality factor is defined. , This indicates that communication is good. This indicates a complete communication interruption. λ is determined by the communication delay. and packet loss rate Joint decision: ,in , The delay threshold, The packet loss rate threshold is used. The feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is degraded, shrinking the operational feasible region into a more conservative feasible subdomain. (i.e., embedded subfield): ;in These are the operational constraint coefficient matrix and the constraint upper bound vector, respectively, used to describe the operational constraints of small hydropower clusters, including: distribution network node voltage constraints, branch power flow constraints, total cluster output constraints, and reactive power constraints. Let ε0 be the shrinkage factor vector, and ε0 be the baseline shrinkage amount, which can be taken as 5%-10% of the constraint boundary margin. Furthermore, since each hydropower station cannot perceive the status of other stations when the communication quality of the hydropower station deteriorates, the feasible region Ω of the small hydropower cluster needs to be projected onto the active power coordinate axis direction of each individual hydropower station. Define the active power projection operator: Then the set of projections of Ω onto the active subspace is: .

[0124] It should be noted that feasible subdomains This is an embedded subset of the original feasible region of the small hydropower cluster. Its constraint form is consistent with the original feasible region, but the constraint parameters are more stringent (e.g., the upper limit of the total output of the cluster). From downgraded to This improves the robustness of small hydropower cluster operation under weak communication conditions.

[0125] In one exemplary embodiment, the above-described small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0126] The communication status is deemed to meet the communication requirements if the communication time with the small hydropower cluster is greater than the preset communication time period, the communication delay is less than or equal to the preset delay threshold, the packet loss rate is less than or equal to the preset packet loss rate threshold, and the versions of the received operation information from each hydropower station are consistent.

[0127] Optionally, the server determines that the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements if it simultaneously satisfies the following conditions: the communication time with the small hydropower cluster is longer than a preset communication time period, the communication latency is less than or equal to a preset latency threshold, the packet loss rate is less than or equal to a preset packet loss rate threshold, and the versions of the received operational information from each hydropower station are consistent. It can be understood that if the communication status of the small hydropower cluster fails to meet any of the following conditions: real-time acquisition of cluster operational information, maintaining communication time with the small hydropower cluster longer than a preset communication time period, consistent timing of received operational information from each hydropower station in the cluster, and consistent versions of received operational information from each hydropower station, then the communication status is determined to be non-compliant.

[0128] For example, the server monitors and quantifies the communication conditions of the small hydropower cluster in real time. When any of the following conditions exist in the communication link, the current communication status of the small hydropower cluster is determined to be non-compliant: communication interruption determination, no data is received from the other end for three consecutive communication cycles (each cycle is, for example, 100ms); communication delay determination, end-to-end communication delay... , Set the communication latency threshold to 100ms; for data packet loss determination, use the average packet loss rate within a sliding window (e.g., 10 periods). Data inconsistency determination: The timestamp difference Δt > 200ms of the same downlink data frame received by different hydropower stations, or the version number is inconsistent.

[0129] In this embodiment, a multi-dimensional coupled communication quality quantification criterion system oriented towards the availability of control functions is constructed. The abstract question of whether communication is reliable is transformed into four rigid technical conditions that are measurable, verifiable, and embeddable into control logic. This enables accurate determination of communication status and operating mode, and improves the operational certainty and system security of small hydropower clusters in complex weak network environments.

[0130] In one exemplary embodiment, the above-described small hydropower cluster management method further includes:

[0131] When the communication status changes from not meeting communication requirements to meeting communication requirements, the updated cluster operation information of the small hydropower cluster is obtained; the updated cluster operation information is verified to obtain the verification result; based on the verification result, the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is updated to obtain the updated feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster.

[0132] The verification result can be a judgment conclusion output after verifying the consistency, validity and security of newly acquired cluster operation information, such as topology changes, equipment maintenance, and distribution network limit updates, after communication is restored.

[0133] Optionally, when the communication status changes from not meeting communication requirements to meeting communication requirements, after the communication conditions of the small hydropower cluster are restored, the server obtains the updated cluster operation information of the small hydropower cluster, performs verification processing on the updated cluster operation information, that is, verifies whether the overall operation status of the small hydropower cluster has always remained within the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster, and obtains the verification result; based on the verification result, the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is updated to obtain the updated feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster.

[0134] Specifically, after communication is restored, the operational data of each hydropower station during autonomous operation is aggregated (and the operational trajectory is defined). The overall operational status of the small hydropower cluster is checked to ensure it remains within the feasible operational domain. The check method involves calculating the distance from the historical operational point sequence to the boundary of the feasible domain. , This represents the feasible region boundary. The number of points exceeding the limit and the magnitude of the exceedance are counted when d(t) < 0. If the actual operating point is found to be close to or even exceeds the feasible region boundary, or if the distribution network topology or constraint parameters have undergone permanent changes (such as line upgrades or transformer capacity increases), the feasible region and operating boundary parameters are updated and optimized based on the verification results. The sensitivity coefficients Kip and Kiq can be updated using the recursive least squares method, and the feasible region and operating boundary parameters of the small hydropower cluster are re-solved and redistributed to each hydropower station.

[0135] In this embodiment, when the communication status meets the communication requirements again, the updated cluster operation information is obtained for verification, and the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is dynamically adjusted. This achieves continuous consistency assurance between the physical operation status of the small hydropower cluster and the digital security boundary model, effectively eliminating the risk of model mismatch caused by the accumulation of local autonomous deviations, sudden changes in equipment status, or updates of external constraints during weak communication.

[0136] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, another method for managing small hydropower clusters is provided. This method is applicable to small hydropower clusters formed by multiple small hydropower stations connected to the same distribution area, feeder, or distribution network section. When communication conditions meet the weak communication operation conditions, real-time consistent global power flow status of the distribution network cannot be obtained, and continuous inter-station communication cannot be maintained, autonomous operation is achieved through cluster-level operational constraints, including:

[0137] Step S1: Prerequisites and system architecture.

[0138] The premise for implementing this embodiment is that each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster is equipped with an intelligent controller with local measurement, calculation, storage, and execution capabilities, supports conventional communication protocols such as Modbus and IEC 60870-5-104, and is pre-installed with a feasible domain resolution algorithm. The system adopts a centralized... Distributed hybrid architecture: The centralized server (or master station) is responsible for feasible domain calculation and distribution when communication is good, while the distributed local controller independently performs autonomous control when communication is weak.

[0139] Step S2: Acquisition of small hydropower cluster information and topology modeling.

[0140] During the communication availability phase, basic operational information of the small hydropower cluster is acquired, and an electrical topology model of the cluster is established. Basic operational information includes at least: the number of small hydropower stations included in the cluster; the installed capacity and location (station index) of each small hydropower station; information on the distribution area, feeder, or distribution network sections to which the small hydropower cluster is connected (such as grid connection point, point of common coupling (PCC)); distribution network operational constraints (such as feeder current carrying capacity limits, allowable voltage range at PCC points, transformer capacity constraints (such as minimum output impedance parameters corresponding to the released ecological flow); transformer tap positions and turns ratios).

[0141] Step S3: Determine the weak communication operating conditions.

[0142] The communication conditions of small hydropower clusters are assessed. A weak communication condition is determined when any of the following conditions exist in the communication link: communication interruption (no data received from the other end for three consecutive communication cycles, each cycle being approximately 100ms); or communication delay (end-to-end communication delay). , Set the communication latency threshold to 100ms; for data packet loss determination, use the average packet loss rate within a sliding window (e.g., 10 periods). Data inconsistency determination: The timestamp difference Δt > 200ms of the same downlink data frame received by different hydropower stations, or the version number is inconsistent.

[0143] Under weak communication conditions, the operation control of each small hydropower station is limited to not being based on the global power flow state estimation of the distribution network, and no inter-station communication negotiation is performed. The control mode automatically switches from "centralized coordination mode" to "local autonomous mode".

[0144] Step S4: Construct cluster-level runtime constraints.

[0145] Based on basic operational information, cluster-level operational constraints are constructed to apply to the entire small hydropower cluster. These constraints include at least: overall cluster power constraints determined by the distribution network's operational capacity; overall cluster power variation constraints determined by the distribution network's regulation capacity (formed as a system of linear inequalities); and shared operational constraints determined by equipment operational safety and ecological operational requirements. These cluster-level operational constraints are used to limit the permissible range of the overall operational status of the small hydropower cluster.

[0146] Step S5: Construction of the feasible domain for small hydropower clusters.

[0147] Based on cluster-level operational constraints and individual station operational constraints of each small hydropower station (such as the upper limit of output of a single hydropower station), an operational feasible region is constructed to describe the overall allowable operational state of the small hydropower cluster. The operational feasible region is jointly defined by multiple sets of linear constraints, forming a closed convex set in the operational state space, which is used to characterize all achievable operational states of the small hydropower cluster under the conditions of satisfying distribution network safety, equipment operation, and ecological constraints.

[0148] Step S6: Perform parameterization and decomposition of the feasible region.

[0149] In this invention, the operational boundary is a locally executable boundary condition obtained by parameterizing and decomposing the feasible region of a polyhedron, used to constrain the operational state of each small hydropower station. These two conditions have equivalent constraint effects at the cluster operation level. During the communication availability phase, the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is parameterized, and the operational feasible region is mapped to locally executable operational boundary parameters for each small hydropower station according to a preset decomposition rule. The operational boundary parameters include at least: the maximum allowable output range of each small hydropower station; the minimum allowable output range of each small hydropower station; and the output variation restriction conditions for each small hydropower station. Through decomposition, the operational state of each small hydropower station, even when operating independently, still satisfies the overall operational constraints at the cluster level. This includes the active subspace projection, the locally operable active power range of each hydropower station; the local reactive power regulation range of each hydropower station; and the decomposition of local ramp constraints for each hydropower station.

[0150] Step S7, weak communication-driven feasible domain degradation processing.

[0151] When communication quality degrades, the feasible domain is degraded, shrinking into a more conservative feasible subdomain. This degradation in communication quality represents a further decrease in communication reliability under weak communication conditions. The feasible subdomain is an embedded subset of the original feasible domain, with constraints identical to the original but with stricter parameters, thereby improving the robustness of small hydropower cluster operation under weak communication conditions.

[0152] Step S8, Autonomous Operation under Weak Communication Conditions.

[0153] After entering a period of weak communication, each small hydropower station operates autonomously based solely on locally measurable operational information and pre-stored operational boundary parameters, without acquiring the global power flow status of the distribution network or engaging in inter-station communication or negotiation. During this autonomous operation, although each small hydropower station operates independently, its operational status remains within the feasible operational domain or feasible subdomain at the cluster level.

[0154] Step S9, Information Asymmetry Tolerance Processing.

[0155] When the operating boundary parameters stored by different small hydropower stations differ in version or exceed the valid time window, the corresponding small hydropower station automatically adopts more conservative operating boundary parameters, that is, it automatically switches to the feasible subdomain from step 7. The more stringent local boundaries obtained from the decomposition This restricts the cluster's operational state to an embedded subdomain within the feasible operational domain, thereby preventing the risk of the entire cluster exceeding its limits due to inconsistent parameters.

[0156] Version difference detection is achieved by comparing the hash value of the feasible domain version number stored locally with the last received version number. The local version number is... The latest version number is Last updated: Last updated: The effective time window is When the following conditions are met: or Then the local boundary obtained by degenerate subdomain decomposition is used: .

[0157] Step S10: Operation verification and update after communication is restored.

[0158] After communication conditions are restored, the operational data of each small hydropower station during autonomous operation are collected to verify whether the overall operational status of the small hydropower cluster has always remained within the operational feasible domain, and the operational feasible domain and operational boundary parameters are updated based on the verification results.

[0159] In this embodiment, the above technical solution ensures that the overall operation of the small hydropower cluster does not exceed shared operational constraints under weak communication conditions without requiring the acquisition of the global power flow status of the distribution network or inter-station communication coordination. This achieves safe and robust autonomous operation of the small hydropower cluster in a weak communication environment. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has at least the following advantages: it solves the problem of shared constraints in small hydropower clusters that cannot be handled by single-station control methods; it does not rely on global power flow perception and real-time communication; it can still ensure the overall operational safety of the cluster under weak communication conditions; and it has strong engineering feasibility, making it suitable for small hydropower clusters in mountainous and remote areas. In weak communication operation scenarios, small hydropower clusters do not have the ability to perceive the global operational status of the distribution network in real time. Therefore, this embodiment does not rely on global state estimation but instead decouples the complex, high-dimensional cluster collaborative control problem into multiple low-dimensional, independent local boundary tracking problems by pre-constructing a cluster-level polyhedral feasible region. This allows each small hydropower station to ensure that the overall operational status of the cluster does not exceed the limits by only following locally executable constraints during operation. This approach transforms the complex real-time coordination problem into a relatively simple, offline-generated "local operating boundary" tracking problem. Its mathematical essence lies in the explicit description of the feasible region and online lookup table control based on multi-parameter programming theory. During the communication availability phase, this method pre-constructs and parameterizes the polyhedral feasible region that defines the overall operating state of the small hydropower cluster. After communication weakens or is interrupted, each small hydropower station does not perform global state awareness or inter-station negotiation; instead, it operates autonomously based solely on locally measurable information and pre-stored operating boundary parameters. It tracks the pre-stored output boundary through local closed-loop control, thus ensuring that the overall operating state of the small hydropower cluster remains within the polyhedral feasible region. The external condition of communication reliability is explicitly modeled as a constraint variable affecting the shape of the operating feasible region. A robust control mechanism based on feasible region projection decomposition and boundary adaptive contraction is introduced. Using the polyhedral feasible region as an offline guarantee mechanism for cluster consistency replaces the reliance on real-time scheduling or global state estimation, fundamentally solving the problem of safe and autonomous operation of distributed energy clusters under weak communication conditions.

[0160] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0161] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a small hydropower cluster management device for implementing the aforementioned small hydropower cluster management method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the small hydropower cluster management device provided below can be found in the limitations of the small hydropower cluster management method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0162] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, a small hydropower cluster management device 400 is provided, including: a data acquisition module 401, a constraint determination module 402, a feasible domain construction module 403, and a data transmission module 404, wherein:

[0163] The data acquisition module 401 is used to acquire the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements. The small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station.

[0164] The constraint determination module 402 is used to determine the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information;

[0165] The feasible domain construction module 403 is used to construct the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information. The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition of satisfying the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information.

[0166] The data sending module 404 is used to send the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements.

[0167] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the feasible region construction module 403 is also used to solve the problem based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information using the vertex enumeration method or the constraint projection method to obtain the vertex set of the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster; and to convert the vertex set of the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster into a half-space representation to obtain the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

[0168] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the small hydropower cluster management device 400 further includes a communication detection module, which is used to determine that the communication status meets the communication requirements when the communication status of the small hydropower cluster simultaneously meets the following conditions: being able to obtain cluster operation information in real time, maintaining communication with the small hydropower cluster for a time longer than a preset communication time period, receiving operation information of each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster at the same time, and receiving operation information of each hydropower station at the same version.

[0169] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the feasible domain construction module 403 is also used to obtain the updated cluster operation information of the small hydropower cluster when the communication state changes from not meeting the communication requirements to meeting the communication requirements; to perform verification processing on the updated cluster operation information to obtain the verification result; and to update the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster according to the verification result to obtain the updated feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster.

[0170] Each module in the aforementioned small hydropower cluster management device 400 can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the memory of a computer device as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0171] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data such as cluster operation information, distribution network operation constraints, and cluster-level constraints. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a small hydropower cluster management method.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0173] In one embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0174] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0175] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0176] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0177] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0178] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for managing small hydropower clusters, characterized in that, The method includes: When the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements, the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster are obtained; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station. Based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information, the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster is determined; Based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information, a feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is constructed; the feasible region for the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition that the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information are satisfied. The feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is sent to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information includes: The vertex set of the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is obtained by using the vertex enumeration method or the constraint projection method, based on the constraint information of each individual station and the cluster-level constraint information. The feasible domain vertex set of the small hydropower cluster is converted into a half-space representation to obtain the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sending the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster includes: The feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is parameterized to obtain the parameterized feasible region of the small hydropower cluster. According to the preset decomposition rules, the feasible domain of the parameterized small hydropower cluster is decomposed to obtain the operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station. The operating boundary parameters of each hydropower station are sent to each hydropower station in the small hydropower cluster. Each hydropower station is used to coordinate its operation according to the operating boundary parameters and the global power flow status of the distribution network, provided that the communication status meets the communication requirements.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Each of the aforementioned hydropower stations is further configured to, when the communication status does not meet the communication requirements and the communication status is within a first communication quality range, perform self-operation based on the most recently received operating boundary parameters and locally measurable operating information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Each of the hydropower stations is further configured to, when the communication state does not meet the communication requirements and the communication state is within the second communication quality range, update the operating boundary parameters to obtain updated operating boundary parameters, and perform self-operation based on the updated operating boundary parameters; the range corresponding to the updated operating boundary parameters is smaller than the range corresponding to the operating boundary parameters.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the communication status of the small hydropower cluster simultaneously meets the following conditions: the communication time with the small hydropower cluster is greater than a preset communication time period, the communication delay is less than or equal to a preset delay threshold, the packet loss rate is less than or equal to a preset packet loss rate threshold, and the versions of the received operation information of each of the hydropower stations are consistent, then the communication status is determined to meet the communication requirements.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the communication state changes from not meeting communication requirements to meeting communication requirements, the updated cluster operation information of the small hydropower cluster is obtained; The updated cluster operation information is verified to obtain the verification result; Based on the verification results, the feasible region of the small hydropower cluster is updated to obtain the updated feasible region of the small hydropower cluster.

8. A small hydropower cluster management device, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the cluster operation information and distribution network operation constraint information of the small hydropower cluster when the communication status of the small hydropower cluster meets the communication requirements; the small hydropower cluster includes multiple hydropower stations connected to a unified distribution area, feeder or distribution network section, and the cluster operation information includes the individual station constraint information of each hydropower station. The constraint determination module is used to determine the cluster-level constraint information of the small hydropower cluster based on the cluster operation information and the distribution network operation constraint information; The feasible domain construction module is used to construct the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster based on the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to describe all achievable operating states of the small hydropower cluster under the condition of satisfying the individual station constraint information and the cluster-level constraint information. The data transmission module is used to send the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster to the small hydropower cluster; the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster is used to instruct the small hydropower cluster to operate automatically according to the feasible domain of the small hydropower cluster when the communication state does not meet the communication requirements.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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