Method for preventing and treating root rot of panax notoginseng based on ricinoleic acid

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology for agricultural diseases, specifically disclosing a method for controlling root rot of Panax notoginseng based on ricinoleic acid. Specifically, this invention provides the application of ricinoleic acid in inhibiting root rot pathogens, wherein the pathogens are... Fusarium oxysporum、Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredhoekensis The ricinoleic acid provided by this invention can not only effectively control root rot in Panax notoginseng, but also significantly improve the physiological state of plants under heavy metal and biological stress, and enhance the overall stress resistance and yield of Panax notoginseng. It has outstanding advantages and application potential as a multi-effect, environmentally friendly green plant protection product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology for agricultural diseases, specifically relating to a method for controlling root rot of Panax notoginseng based on ricinoleic acid. Background Technology

[0002] Sanqi ( Panax notoginseng (Burk.) FHChen), a plant belonging to the genus Panax in the family Araliaceae, has effects such as improving sleep, anti-depression, preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, anti-oxidation, and liver protection; however, root rot is the main disease affecting its production. Fusarium oxysporum Caused by pathogens such as spores. Current control mainly relies on chemical soil fumigation and broad-spectrum fungicides, but these agents can only suppress the disease in localized periods, and their efficacy is unstable. Furthermore, the areas surrounding Panax notoginseng cultivation in Yunnan are mostly karst topography, and with the long-term use of mining drainage, wastewater irrigation, and cadmium-containing pesticides, soil acidification, salinization, excessive chromium content, microecological imbalance, and excessive pesticide residues in medicinal materials have occurred, seriously affecting the yield, quality, and safety of Panax notoginseng. Crop rotation requires more than 30 years to be effective, making it difficult to implement in production; physical and agricultural measures are also limited in their effectiveness and promotion. Although there are reports of using biochar, Bacillus subtilis, or Penicillium scintillans for biological control, which can reduce the incidence of disease or promote plant growth to some extent, existing strains have a narrow antagonistic spectrum, weak colonization ability, and are greatly affected by the soil environment. There is also a lack of highly efficient, stable, and scalable biological control agents targeting multiple pathogen infections. Therefore, developing a new generation of biological control agents with broad-spectrum and long-lasting antagonistic activity against the main pathogens of Panax notoginseng root rot, as well as the ability to resist heavy metal chromium stress, improve rhizosphere microecology, and enhance plant systemic resistance has become a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the green cultivation of Panax notoginseng. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention is intended to target the use of Fusarium oxysporum This study provides an environmentally friendly and efficient biological control method for treating root rot caused by pathogens in Panax notoginseng. It utilizes a highly efficient and environmentally friendly natural metabolite derived from Panax notoginseng itself to effectively inhibit the pathogens causing root rot, thereby reducing dependence on chemical pesticides.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: On one hand, the present invention provides the application of ricinoleic acid in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, wherein the pathogenic bacteria are... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis .

[0005] Furthermore, this invention provides the application of ricinoleic acid in the prevention and control of root rot in Panax notoginseng, wherein the pathogen causing the root rot is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis.

[0006] Furthermore, this invention provides the application of ricinoleic acid in the preparation of a product for preventing and treating root rot in Panax notoginseng, wherein the product contains an effective amount of ricinoleic acid, and the pathogen causing the root rot is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis .

[0007] Furthermore, this invention provides the application of a biological agent in the prevention and control of root rot in Panax notoginseng, wherein the biological agent contains an effective amount of ricinoleic acid, and the pathogen is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis .

[0008] In another aspect, the present invention provides the application of ricinoleic acid in improving the cadmium stress resistance and / or increasing the yield of Panax notoginseng, by applying an effective amount of ricinoleic acid to the soil in which Panax notoginseng is planted.

[0009] In another aspect, the present invention provides the application of a biological agent in improving the cadmium stress resistance and / or increasing the yield of Panax notoginseng, wherein the biological agent contains an effective amount of ricinoleic acid.

[0010] Furthermore, the dosage form of the biological agent includes wettable powder, aqueous solution, or microcapsule.

[0011] Furthermore, this invention provides a method for preventing and controlling root rot in Panax notoginseng, by applying a biological agent containing an effective amount of ricinoleic acid to the soil in which Panax notoginseng is planted, wherein the pathogen causing the root rot is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for improving the cadmium stress resistance and / or increasing the yield of Panax notoginseng by applying a biological agent containing an effective amount of ricinoleic acid to the soil in which Panax notoginseng is planted.

[0013] Furthermore, the application concentration of ricinoleic acid should not be less than 0.1 ug / mL.

[0014] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention provides a method for efficiently inhibiting the pathogen causing root rot of Panax notoginseng using ricinoleic acid, a metabolite of Panax notoginseng. This method has the advantages of being naturally sourced, highly targeted, and having significant effects. Ricinoleic acid is used to inhibit the pathogen causing root rot of Panax notoginseng. ， right Fusarium oxysporum Its EC 50 It was 4.15 ug / mL, for Fusarium solanilai Its EC 50 The concentrations were 36.62 ug / mL, respectively. Ilyonectria vredehoekensis Its EC 50 The concentrations were 16.76 ug / mL. The active ingredient, ricinoleic acid, is derived from plant sources and has good biodegradability in the environment, making it safer for both the environment and the plant itself.

[0015] The results of the field pot experiment of this invention show that, under the adverse conditions of dual stress from the pathogen of Panax notoginseng root rot and heavy metal cadmium, ricinoleic acid exhibits significant dual effects in disease control and plant health promotion. Specifically, ricinoleic acid can synergistically reduce disease occurrence and effectively alleviate stress damage. Its inhibitory effect on pathogen infection is most prominent at a concentration of 50 ug / mL, significantly reducing the incidence of disease in the field by 67.21%. Simultaneously, this concentration significantly increased plant height and chlorophyll content by 36.00% and 48.17%, respectively. Particularly noteworthy is that ricinoleic acid can efficiently promote the accumulation of Panax notoginseng biomass even at extremely low concentrations (0.1 ug / mL), significantly increasing plant fresh weight and dry weight by 46.90% and 58.12%, respectively. The above data fully demonstrates that ricinoleic acid can not only effectively control root rot in Panax notoginseng, but also significantly improve the physiological state of plants under heavy metal and biological stress, and enhance the overall stress resistance and yield of Panax notoginseng. It has outstanding advantages and application potential as a multi-effect, environmentally friendly green plant protection product. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on root rot pathogens Fusarium oxysporum The antibacterial test results are shown in the graphs (A: Schematic diagram of the experimental treatment groups (CK is the control, concentration gradient is 0.01-50 ug / mL). B: Bar graph showing the change in pathogen growth with drug concentration. Data are the mean ± SD of four independent experiments, and statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA, P < 0.05). Figure 2 Different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on root rot pathogens Fusarium solani The antibacterial effect of the drug was shown in the graphs (A: Schematic diagram of the experimental treatment groups (CK is the control, with a concentration gradient of 0.01-50 ug / mL). B: Bar graph showing the change in pathogen growth with drug concentration. The data are the mean ± SD of four independent experiments, and statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA, with P < 0.05). Figure 3 Different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on root rot pathogens Ilyonectria vredehoekensis The antibacterial effect is shown in the graph (A: Schematic diagram of experimental treatment groups (CK is the control, concentration gradient is 0.01-50 ug / mL). B: Bar graph of pathogen growth with drug concentration. Data are the mean ± SD of four independent experiments, and statistical comparison is performed by one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). Figure 4Effects of different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on the growth of Panax notoginseng (A: disease incidence; B: plant height; C: chlorophyll SPAD value. CK was the control group (0.00 ug / mL). Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n ≥ 3). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments at the P < 0.05 level.) Figure 5 Effects of different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on Panax notoginseng biomass (A represents fresh weight of Panax notoginseng; B represents dry weight of Panax notoginseng. CK is the control group (0.00 ug / mL). Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n ≥ 3). Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments at the P < 0.05 level.) Figure 6 Real photos of Panax notoginseng potted plants under the combined stress of root rot fungus and heavy metal cadmium, with different concentrations of ricinoleic acid. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of this application. For the testing methods, purchased goods, unless otherwise specified, shall be used under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise defined herein, the scientific and technical terms used in connection with this invention shall have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Exemplary methods and materials are described below, but similar or equivalent methods and materials described herein may also be used in the practice and testing of this disclosure.

[0018] Example 1 Indoor antibacterial effect evaluation experiment 1. Experimental Methods Test culture medium: Potato glucose agar medium (PDA) (1 L): 200 g potato, 20 g glucose, 15 g agar.

[0019] Test reagent: Ricinoleic acid standard (97% purity, Ron Biotech Corporation) Method for antibacterial assay on drug-loaded plates: Prepare stock solutions containing different concentration gradients of ricinoleic acid (CK, 0.01ug / mL, 0.1ug / mL, 1ug / mL, 5ug / mL, 50ug / mL), dilute them sequentially, and add them to PDA medium to make drug-loaded plates of different concentrations; after the medium solidifies, inoculate them with the pathogen of Panax notoginseng root rot (… Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Ilyonectria vredehoekensis). After culturing for 5-7 days, observe the inhibition zone and use the cross-sectional method to measure the colony diameter of each concentration treatment group to calculate the colony growth inhibition rate.

[0020] Note: Ricinol acid standard is an oily liquid. When preparing it, it needs to be fully dissolved in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol solution (the amount of organic solvent should be <1%). The pathogens inoculated should be taken from the outermost ring of the colony to ensure that the growth time and speed between colonies are consistent. Each concentration should be repeated 4 times to ensure the accuracy of the experiment.

[0021] 2. Experimental Results (1) Ricinol has an effect on pathogens Fusarium oxysporum Interior effect evaluation right Fusarium oxysporum The antibacterial results showed that ( Figure 1 (Table 1) The antibacterial rate of ricinoleic acid increased with increasing concentration, and the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) was... 50 The concentration was 4.15 ug / mL, and the antibacterial rate reached 97.17% with increasing concentration, indicating that it has a near-complete inhibitory effect at higher concentrations.

[0022] (2) Ricinol has an effect on pathogens Fusarium solanilai Interior effect evaluation right Fusarium solanilai The antibacterial results showed that ( Figure 2 (Table 1) The antibacterial rate of ricinoleic acid increased with increasing concentration, and the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) was... 50 The concentration was 36.62 ug / mL, and the antibacterial rate reached as high as 90.24% with increasing concentration.

[0023] (3) Ricinol has an effect on pathogens Ilyonectria vredehoekensis Interior effect evaluation right Ilyonectria vredehoekensis The antibacterial results showed that ( Figure 3 (Table 1) The antibacterial rate of ricinoleic acid increased with increasing concentration, and the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) was... 50 The concentration was 16.76 ug / mL, and the antibacterial rate reached as high as 94.37% with increasing concentration.

[0024] Table 1. Results of toxicity assay of ricinoleic acid against different pathogens causing root rot of Panax notoginseng. In summary, different concentrations of ricinoleic acid have an effect on the pathogen of root rot of Panax notoginseng (… Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Ilyonectria vredehoekensis All of them have a certain inhibitory effect, with the best inhibitory effect reaching over 90%, and can be considered as potential effective ingredients for the prevention and control of root rot of Panax notoginseng. They are especially suitable for the development of plant-derived, green, and low-toxicity biological pesticide formulations.

[0025] Example 2 Evaluation of the field effects of ricinoleic acid on the growth and stress resistance of Panax notoginseng 1. Experimental Methods Soil used for testing: The soil for potted plants was collected from the Huize tailings area (E 103°36′, N 26°31′), and the potted plants were arranged at the Modern Education and Research Base of Yunnan Agricultural University (E 103°16′41″, N25°31′07″).

[0026] Field pot experiment design: The seedling pots used in the pot experiment had a diameter of 14.5 cm, a height of 12.5 cm, and a bottom diameter of 10 cm. 1 kg of soil collected from tailings areas was added to each pot. One-year-old Panax notoginseng seedlings were transplanted and allowed to recover for one week before the experimental treatment began. Experimental setup: The potted soil contained the heavy metal cadmium and exogenous Panax notoginseng root rot pathogens were added. Fusarium oxysporum Dual stress conditions: Castor oil acid at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, and 50 ug / mL was applied to Panax notoginseng potted plants, while watering with the same volume of water and anhydrous ethanol served as blank controls. Each concentration was replicated in 20 pots, for a total of 100 pots, which were randomly placed in the field. 100 mL of the corresponding concentration was accurately measured using a 100 mL centrifuge tube and evenly poured around the Panax notoginseng plants into the pots. The watering was carried out once every 15 days, for a total of 4 times.

[0027] 2. Experimental Results 2.1 Evaluation of the field effects of ricinoleic acid on the growth and stress resistance of Panax notoginseng 2.1.1 Field Disease Survey Under the dual stress of heavy metal cadmium and pathogens ( Figure 4 Compared with the control, ricinoleic acid significantly reduced the incidence of disease at different concentrations, with the most significant effect observed at a concentration of 50 ug / mL, where the incidence rate decreased by 67.21%.

[0028] 2.1.2 Effects of different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on the height of Panax notoginseng plants Under the dual stress of pathogens and heavy metal cadmium ( Figure 4 Compared with the control, ricinoleic acid significantly promoted the height growth of Panax notoginseng plants at all concentrations, with the height of Panax notoginseng plants increasing by 36.00% at a concentration of 50 ug / mL compared with the control group.

[0029] 2.1.3 Effects of different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on chlorophyll in Panax notoginseng leaves Under the dual stress of pathogens and heavy metal cadmium ( Figure 4 Compared with the control, ricinoleic acid treatment significantly promoted chlorophyll production in Panax notoginseng leaves at all concentrations, with a 48.17% increase in chlorophyll at a concentration of 50 ug / mL.

[0030] 2.1.4 Effect of different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on the fresh weight of Panax notoginseng Under the dual stress of pathogens and heavy metal cadmium ( Figure 5Compared with the control, the fresh weight of Panax notoginseng plants treated with ricinoleic acid was significantly inhibited at high concentrations, with a significant increase of 46.90% at 0.1 ug / mL.

[0031] 2.1.5 Effect of different concentrations of ricinoleic acid on the dry weight of Panax notoginseng Under the dual stress of pathogens and heavy metal cadmium ( Figure 5 Compared with the control, the dry weight of Panax notoginseng plants treated with ricinoleic acid (-B) increased significantly by 58.12% at 0.1 ug / mL, showing the most significant effect.

[0032] In summary, the field pot experiment results of this invention demonstrate that, under the dual stress conditions of Panax notoginseng root rot pathogen and heavy metal cadmium, ricinoleic acid exhibits significant dual effects in disease control and plant health promotion. Specifically, ricinoleic acid synergistically reduces disease incidence and effectively alleviates stress damage. Its inhibitory effect on pathogen infection is most pronounced at a concentration of 50 ug / mL, significantly reducing the field disease incidence rate by 67.21%. Simultaneously, this concentration significantly increases plant height and chlorophyll content by 36.00% and 48.17%, respectively. Particularly noteworthy is that ricinoleic acid at extremely low concentrations (0.1 ug / mL) efficiently promotes Panax notoginseng biomass accumulation, significantly increasing plant fresh weight and dry weight by 46.90% and 58.12%, respectively. The above data fully demonstrates that ricinoleic acid can not only effectively control root rot in Panax notoginseng, but also significantly improve the physiological state of plants under heavy metal and biological stress, and enhance the overall stress resistance and yield of Panax notoginseng. It has outstanding advantages and application potential as a multi-effect, environmentally friendly green plant protection product.

Claims

1. The application of ricinoleic acid in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, characterized in that, The pathogen is Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis .

2. The application of ricinoleic acid in the prevention and control of root rot in Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, The pathogen causing the root rot is Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis.

3. The application of ricinoleic acid in the preparation of products for preventing and treating root rot in Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, The product contains an effective amount of ricinoleic acid, and the pathogen of the root rot is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis .

4. The application of a biological agent in the prevention and control of root rot in Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, The biological agent contains an effective amount of ricinoleic acid, and the pathogen is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis .

5. The application of ricinoleic acid in improving the cadmium stress resistance and / or increasing the yield of Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, Apply an effective amount of ricinoleic acid to the soil in which Panax notoginseng is planted.

6. The application of a biological agent in improving the cadmium stress resistance and / or increasing the yield of Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, The biological agent contains an effective amount of ricinoleic acid.

7. The application according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, The dosage forms of the biological agents include wettable powders, aqueous solutions, or microcapsules.

8. A method for preventing and controlling root rot in Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, Apply a biological agent containing an effective amount of ricinoleic acid to the soil where Panax notoginseng is planted; the pathogen causing the root rot is... Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani or Ilyonectria vredehoekensis.

9. A method for improving the cadmium stress resistance and / or increasing the yield of Panax notoginseng, characterized in that, Apply a biological agent containing an effective amount of ricinoleic acid to the soil in which Panax notoginseng is planted.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The application concentration of ricinoleic acid should not be less than 50 ug / mL.

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