A feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption and its preparation process

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of feed additive technology, specifically to a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption and its preparation process. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption includes: preparing antioxidant-modified chicken fat; preparing an extract; preparing a composite oil phase; and preparing the feed additive. In this invention, the extract of Shenqu (a type of fermented wheat) can directly compensate for insufficient endogenous enzyme secretion in laying hens, rapidly decomposing starch in feed and chicken fat in plant proteins, laying the foundation for subsequent absorption. The extract of Zhishi (a type of immature bitter orange) accelerates gastrointestinal motility and digesta emptying, while also promoting bile and pancreatic juice secretion, further improving the digestibility and utilization rate of fat-soluble components in laying hens. The extract of pine pollen can repair the intestinal mucosa, increase intestinal villus height, increase the nutrient absorption area, and regulate the intestinal microecology, reducing nutrient loss and intestinal stress. The combined use of these three ingredients synergistically promotes the digestive and absorptive capacity of laying hens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed additive technology, specifically to a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale egg-laying hen farming, many feed ingredients contain anti-nutritional factors such as non-starch polysaccharides and cellulose. Animals themselves cannot secrete the corresponding enzymes to break them down. These substances increase the viscosity of digesta, hinder the contact between endogenous enzymes and nutrients, and even damage the intestinal mucosa. Therefore, the efficiency of feed digestion and absorption directly determines egg production performance and farming efficiency.

[0003] Chicken fat, as an animal-derived fat with excellent palatability, has a fatty acid composition similar to that of endogenous lipids in poultry such as laying hens. It is easily broken down and utilized by lipases in the digestive tract. While providing the body with highly efficient and usable metabolic energy, it can also slow down the emptying rate of feed in the gastrointestinal tract, prolonging the contact time between nutrients such as starch and protein and digestive enzymes and intestinal mucosa, thereby indirectly improving the digestibility and utilization of other nutrients. At the same time, chicken fat can act as a carrier for fat-soluble nutrients, promoting the dissolution and transport of related components, and working synergistically with bile salts to emulsify and improve the efficiency of nutrient absorption in the intestine, thus improving the overall digestibility and absorption of feed.

[0004] However, chicken fat is a liquid oil, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, and chemically reactive. During feed storage, high-temperature pelleting, and other processing and transportation, it is easily exposed to oxygen and light, resulting in oxidative rancidity, producing rancid odors and harmful oxidation products. This not only damages the palatability of the feed but also harms the intestinal mucosa of livestock and poultry. At the same time, liquid chicken fat is prone to problems such as adhering to equipment and uneven mixing with other components during feed formulation. Direct feeding can also lead to premature decomposition in the stomach of livestock and poultry or cause gastrointestinal irritation, making it impossible to achieve efficient targeted absorption and utilization. Existing technologies usually transform it into a solid powder through microencapsulation, using the physical barrier effect of the wall material to isolate oxygen and moisture, inhibit oxidative deterioration, and achieve targeted release in the intestine, thereby improving the stability, processing adaptability, and feeding utilization rate of chicken fat.

[0005] Chitosan, as a natural high-molecular-weight polysaccharide, has excellent film-forming properties. Its long molecular chains can entangle with each other around the oil droplets and form a continuous coating film through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, thus encapsulating the chicken fat core material in the internal space and achieving chicken fat encapsulation. However, chitosan can only be loosely adsorbed onto the surface of the oil droplets through electrostatic interaction and cannot construct a dense barrier structure. Moreover, the chitosan solution itself has a high viscosity, which easily leads to the aggregation and merging of oil droplets during emulsification and spray drying, causing some chicken fat to be exposed directly without being effectively encapsulated. Furthermore, the film layer formed after drying and curing has a large number of micropores and a loose and porous structure, which cannot lock in liquid chicken fat and is prone to core material leakage and oil return, resulting in a low encapsulation rate of chicken fat.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to propose a feed additive that can effectively resist chicken fat oxidation, improve chicken fat encapsulation rate, and promote digestion and absorption, as well as its preparation process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption and its preparation process.

[0008] This invention provides a process for preparing a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of antioxidant-modified chicken oil After pre-treating the chicken fat, vitamin E is added and stirred thoroughly to dissolve it. Then rosemary extract is added and stirred and mixed to obtain antioxidant modified chicken fat. S2: Preparation of extract The Shenqu powder, pine pollen and immature bitter orange were extracted with water to obtain Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and immature bitter orange extract respectively. S3: Preparation of composite oil phase The above-mentioned antioxidant modified chicken oil was added to a closed reaction vessel, preheated to 50-60℃, and then octacosanol was added while stirring. Stirring was continued until it was completely dissolved. After cooling, the composite oil phase was obtained. S4: Preparation of feed additives S4.1: Add shellac resin to an ammonia solution with a concentration of 0.1-0.2 mol / L at a ratio of 1 g: (90-100) mL. After stirring and dissolving thoroughly, freeze at -18℃ for 2-3 h and then freeze at -50℃ for 46-48 h to obtain shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.2: Add chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution at a ratio of 1g:(10-20)mL, stir at 50-60℃ until completely dissolved to obtain a chitosan solution, and add maltodextrin and the above-mentioned shellac resin ammonium salt to deionized water at a ratio of (6.2-6.6)g:1g:(14-16)mL, heat at 50-60℃ and stir thoroughly to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; S4.3: Pour the above mixed solution into the chitosan solution at a volume ratio of (2-3):1, stir and mix evenly, then add the above Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Citrus aurantium extract, and continue to stir and mix evenly to obtain the aqueous phase of the composite wall material; S4.4: Preheat the above composite oil phase to 45-55℃, then add the composite emulsifier, keep warm and stir until completely dissolved, then add it to the above composite wall material aqueous phase while stirring, and shear at 8000-9000r / min for 15-20min to obtain a crude emulsion. S4.5: The above crude emulsion is ultrasonically homogenized for 20-30 minutes, then spray-dried and sieved to obtain feed additives.

[0009] Furthermore, the amount of octacosanol added is 0.06-0.08% of the mass of the antioxidant-modified chicken fat.

[0010] Furthermore, the amount of composite emulsifier added is 5.2-5.6% of the mass of the composite oil phase, and the composite emulsifier is prepared by mixing soybean lecithin and glyceryl monostearate in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the composite oil phase to the total amount of maltodextrin, chitosan, and shellac resin ammonium salt is 1:(0.96-0.98).

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract, and immature bitter orange extract is 2:1:1, and the total amount of the three added is 8-12% of the total mass of maltodextrin, chitosan, and shellac resin ammonium salt.

[0013] Furthermore, S1 includes the following steps: S1.1: Add chicken fat to a reaction vessel and stir at 45-50℃ and -0.06MPa for 15-25 minutes. Then add citric acid alcohol solution and continue stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain pretreated chicken fat. S1.2: Keep the temperature constant, add vitamin E to the pretreated chicken oil, stir for 20-30 minutes, then add rosemary extract, continue stirring for 30-40 minutes, and let it cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil.

[0014] Furthermore, the citric acid alcohol solution has a mass fraction of 18-20%, which is prepared by dissolving citric acid in anhydrous ethanol, and the amount of citric acid used in the citric acid alcohol solution is 0.1% of the mass of chicken fat.

[0015] Furthermore, the total mass of vitamin E and rosemary extract is 0.6-0.8% of the mass of pretreated chicken fat, and the mass ratio of vitamin E to rosemary extract is (2-3):1.

[0016] Furthermore, S2 includes the following steps: S2.1: Add Shenqu powder to purified water at a ratio of 1g:(10-20)mL, soak for 20-30min, then heat at 80-90℃ for 2-3h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction on the residue once more. Combine the filtrates and concentrate under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a relative density of 1.1-1.15. Then dry under vacuum at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Shenqu extract. S2.2: Add pine pollen to purified water at a ratio of 1g:(12-18)mL, soak for 20-30min, then heat at 90-95℃ for 2-3h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a relative density of 1.12-1.18, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain pine pollen extract; S2.3: Add Fructus Aurantii Immaturus to purified water at a ratio of 1g:(9-15)mL, soak for 30-40min, then heat under reflux at 96-100℃ for 1-2h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a relative density of 1.1-1.15, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Fructus Aurantii Immaturus extract.

[0017] A feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, prepared by the preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption as described in any one of the above claims.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. In this invention, the extract of Shenqu (a type of fermented wheat) is rich in exogenous digestive enzymes such as amylase and protease. After entering the proventriculus, gizzard, and small intestine of laying hens, it can directly compensate for the insufficient secretion of endogenous enzymes in laying hens, rapidly decompose the starch in feed and the chicken fat in plant proteins, and convert them into absorbable small-molecule sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids, laying the foundation for subsequent absorption. The extract of Zhishi (a type of immature bitter orange) contains hesperidin, naringin, and volatile oils, which can stimulate the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract of laying hens, accelerate gastrointestinal motility and digestive emptying, prevent feed from lingering and fermenting in the intestines, causing bloating, and at the same time promote bile secretion. Pancreatic juice secretion further enhances the digestibility and utilization of fat-soluble components in laying hens. Pine pollen extract is rich in active polysaccharides, free amino acids, dietary fiber, and trace elements. On the one hand, it can repair the intestinal mucosa, increase the height of intestinal villi, and increase the nutrient absorption area. On the other hand, it can regulate the intestinal microecology, inhibit harmful bacteria, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, and stabilize the intestinal barrier function, so that the decomposed small molecule nutrients can be absorbed efficiently, reducing nutrient loss and intestinal stress. When the three are used together, they can form a closed-loop synergistic effect in the laying hen, and synergistically promote the laying hen's digestive and absorptive capacity.

[0019] 2. In this invention, shellac resin is added to ammonia water to convert the carboxyl groups of the shellac resin into ammonium salts, thereby improving its water solubility. Then, the shellac resin ammonium salt and maltodextrin are dissolved in deionized water and mixed with chitosan solution. Through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, a uniform and stable composite wall material aqueous phase is formed. This is then mixed with a composite oil phase under high-speed shearing to form an oil-in-water emulsion. After ultrasonic homogenization and spray drying to solidify into capsules, the feed additive with a microcapsule particle structure is formed. Because the negatively charged shellac resin ammonium salt can interact electrostatically with the positively charged chitosan, they entangle and cross-link with each other to form a dense three-dimensional network structure, which can more effectively encapsulate the oil droplets. At the same time, when the shellac resin ammonium salt dries to form a film, it can fill the micropores and defects inside the wall material, forming a continuous and dense barrier layer to prevent the core material from leaking during subsequent processing or storage, reducing core material loss. This can effectively improve the encapsulation rate of antioxidant modified chicken fat.

[0020] 3. In this invention, by adding vitamin E first and then adding rosemary extract after it has fully dissolved and dispersed, vitamin E, being highly fat-soluble, can quickly and evenly dissolve and penetrate into the chicken fat molecules, preferentially occupying the free radical sites of the fat. This homogenizes and modifies the overall oil phase, balances the hydrophobic environment within the oil phase, eliminates the phase mismatch caused by local polarity differences, and directly terminates the oxidation chain reaction, protecting the chicken fat from oxidation from the inside. Rosemary extract, with its slightly higher polarity, also has the function of scavenging free radicals and chelating residual metal ions. It mainly plays a role in enhancing antioxidant activity at the oil phase interface and in the overall system. When added later, it can build a second layer of external antioxidant barrier on the basis of the internal protection already formed by vitamin E, achieving dual protection and effectively improving the antioxidant capacity of chicken fat. If the order of addition is changed, the polar components of rosemary extract are prone to local aggregation in the oil phase and cannot be evenly distributed. The vitamin E added later cannot fully fill the free radical sites, which will lead to a reduction in antioxidant activity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption used in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this invention.

[0023] Example 1: A preparation process for a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of antioxidant-modified chicken oil S1.1: Chicken fat is added to a reaction vessel and stirred at 45℃ and -0.06MPa for 15 minutes. Then, citric acid alcohol solution is added, and the mixture is kept warm and stirred for another 10 minutes to obtain pretreated chicken fat. The citric acid alcohol solution has a mass fraction of 18%, which is prepared by dissolving citric acid in anhydrous ethanol. The amount of citric acid in the citric acid alcohol solution is 0.1% of the mass of chicken fat. S1.2: Keep the temperature constant, add vitamin E to the pretreated chicken oil, stir for 20 minutes, then add rosemary extract, continue to keep warm and stir for 30 minutes, and cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil. The total mass of vitamin E and rosemary extract is 0.6% of the mass of the pretreated chicken oil, and the mass ratio of vitamin E to rosemary extract is 2:1. S2: Preparation of extract S2.1: Add Shenqu powder to purified water at a ratio of 1g:10mL, soak for 20min, then heat at 80℃ for 2h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction on the residue once more. Combine the filtrates and concentrate under reduced pressure at 60℃ to a relative density of 1.1. Then dry under vacuum at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Shenqu extract. S2.2: Add pine pollen to purified water at a ratio of 1g:12mL, soak for 20min, then heat at 90℃ for 2h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 60℃ to a relative density of 1.12, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain pine pollen extract. S2.3: Add Fructus Aurantii Immaturus to purified water at a ratio of 1g:9mL, soak for 30min, then heat under reflux at 96℃ for 1h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction on the residue once. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 60℃ to a relative density of 1.1, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Fructus Aurantii Immaturus extract. S3: Preparation of composite oil phase The antioxidant-modified chicken fat was added to a sealed reactor and preheated to 50°C. Octacosanol was added while stirring, and stirring was continued until completely dissolved. After cooling, a composite oil phase was obtained, wherein the amount of octacosanol added was 0.06% of the mass of the antioxidant-modified chicken fat. S4: Preparation of feed additives S4.1: Add shellac resin to a 0.1 mol / L ammonia solution at a ratio of 1 g: 90 mL, stir thoroughly to dissolve, freeze at -18℃ for 2 h, and then freeze at -50℃ for 46 h to obtain shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.2: Add chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution at a ratio of 1g:10mL, stir at 50℃ until completely dissolved to obtain a chitosan solution, and add maltodextrin and the above-mentioned shellac resin ammonium salt to deionized water at a ratio of 6.2g:1g:14mL, heat at 50℃ and stir thoroughly to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; S4.3: Pour the above mixed solution into the chitosan solution at a volume ratio of 2:1, stir and mix evenly, then add the above-mentioned Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Zhishi extract, and continue to stir and mix evenly to obtain the aqueous phase of the composite wall material. The mass ratio of Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Zhishi extract is 2:1:1, and the total amount of the three added is 8% of the total mass of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.4: Preheat the above composite oil phase to 45°C, then add the composite emulsifier, keep warm and stir until completely dissolved, then add it to the above composite wall material aqueous phase while stirring, and shear at 8000 r / min for 15 min to obtain a crude emulsion. The amount of composite emulsifier added is 5.2% of the mass of the composite oil phase, and the composite emulsifier is prepared by mixing soybean lecithin and glyceryl monostearate in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the composite oil phase to the total amount of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt is 1:0.96. S4.5: The above crude emulsion is ultrasonically homogenized for 20 minutes, then spray-dried and sieved to obtain feed additives.

[0024] Example 2: A preparation process for a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of antioxidant-modified chicken oil S1.1: Chicken fat is added to a reaction vessel and stirred at 47.5℃ and -0.06MPa for 20 minutes. Then, citric acid alcohol solution is added, and the mixture is kept warm and stirred for another 15 minutes to obtain pretreated chicken fat. The citric acid alcohol solution has a mass fraction of 19%, which is prepared by dissolving citric acid in anhydrous ethanol. The amount of citric acid in the citric acid alcohol solution is 0.1% of the mass of chicken fat. S1.2: Keeping the temperature constant, add vitamin E to the pretreated chicken oil and stir for 25 minutes. Then add rosemary extract and continue stirring for 35 minutes. Let it cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil. The total mass of vitamin E and rosemary extract is 0.7% of the mass of the pretreated chicken oil, and the mass ratio of vitamin E to rosemary extract is 2.5:1. S2: Preparation of extract S2.1: Add Shenqu powder to purified water at a ratio of 1g:15mL, soak for 25min, then heat at 85℃ for 2.5h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, repeat the extraction on the residue, combine the filtrates, concentrate under reduced pressure at 65℃ to a relative density of 1.13, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Shenqu extract. S2.2: Add pine pollen to purified water at a ratio of 1g:15mL, soak for 25min, then heat at 92.5℃ for 2.5h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 65℃ to a relative density of 1.15, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain pine pollen extract. S2.3: Add Fructus Aurantii Immaturus to purified water at a ratio of 1g:12mL, soak for 35min, then heat and reflux at 98℃ for 1.5h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 65℃ to a relative density of 1.13, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Fructus Aurantii Immaturus extract; S3: Preparation of composite oil phase The antioxidant-modified chicken fat was added to a sealed reactor and preheated to 55°C. Octacosanol was added while stirring, and stirring was continued until completely dissolved. After cooling, a composite oil phase was obtained, wherein the amount of octacosanol added was 0.07% of the mass of the antioxidant-modified chicken fat. S4: Preparation of feed additives S4.1: Add shellac resin to a 0.15mol / L ammonia solution at a ratio of 1g:95mL, stir thoroughly to dissolve, freeze at -18℃ for 2.5h, and then freeze at -50℃ for 47h to obtain shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.2: Add chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution at a ratio of 1g:15mL, stir at 55℃ until completely dissolved to obtain a chitosan solution, and add maltodextrin and the above-mentioned shellac resin ammonium salt to deionized water at a ratio of 6.4g:1g:15mL, heat at 55℃ and stir thoroughly to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; S4.3: Pour the above mixed solution into the chitosan solution at a volume ratio of 2.5:1, stir and mix evenly, then add the above-mentioned Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Zhishi extract, and continue to stir and mix evenly to obtain the aqueous phase of the composite wall material. The mass ratio of Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Zhishi extract is 2:1:1, and the total amount of the three added is 10% of the total mass of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.4: Preheat the above composite oil phase to 50°C, then add the composite emulsifier, keep warm and stir until completely dissolved, then add it to the above composite wall material aqueous phase while stirring, and shear at 8500 r / min for 17.5 min to obtain a crude emulsion. The amount of composite emulsifier added is 5.4% of the mass of the composite oil phase, and the composite emulsifier is prepared by mixing soybean lecithin and glyceryl monostearate in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the composite oil phase to the total amount of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt is 1:0.97. S4.5: The above crude emulsion is ultrasonically homogenized for 25 minutes, then spray-dried and sieved to obtain the feed additive.

[0025] Example 3: A preparation process for a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of antioxidant-modified chicken oil S1.1: Chicken fat is added to a reaction vessel and stirred at 50℃ and -0.06MPa for 25 minutes. Then, citric acid alcohol solution is added, and the mixture is kept warm and stirred for another 20 minutes to obtain pretreated chicken fat. The citric acid alcohol solution has a mass fraction of 20%, which is prepared by dissolving citric acid in anhydrous ethanol. The amount of citric acid in the citric acid alcohol solution is 0.1% of the mass of chicken fat. S1.2: Keep the temperature constant, add vitamin E to the pretreated chicken oil, stir for 30 minutes, then add rosemary extract, continue to keep warm and stir for 40 minutes, and cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil. The total mass of vitamin E and rosemary extract is 0.8% of the mass of the pretreated chicken oil, and the mass ratio of vitamin E to rosemary extract is 3:1. S2: Preparation of extract S2.1: Add Shenqu powder to purified water at a ratio of 1g:20mL, soak for 30min, then heat at 90℃ for 3h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, repeat the extraction on the residue, combine the filtrates, concentrate under reduced pressure at 70℃ to a relative density of 1.15, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Shenqu extract. S2.2: Add pine pollen to purified water at a ratio of 1g:18mL, soak for 30min, then heat at 95℃ for 3h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction on the residue once. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 70℃ to a relative density of 1.18, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain pine pollen extract. S2.3: Add Fructus Aurantii Immaturus to purified water at a ratio of 1g:15mL, soak for 40min, then heat under reflux at 100℃ for 2h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction on the residue once. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 70℃ to a relative density of 1.15, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Fructus Aurantii Immaturus extract. S3: Preparation of composite oil phase The antioxidant-modified chicken fat was added to a sealed reactor and preheated to 60°C. Octacosanol was added while stirring, and stirring was continued until completely dissolved. After cooling, a composite oil phase was obtained, wherein the amount of octacosanol added was 0.08% of the mass of the antioxidant-modified chicken fat. S4: Preparation of feed additives S4.1: Add shellac resin to a 0.2 mol / L ammonia solution at a ratio of 1 g: 100 mL, stir thoroughly to dissolve, freeze at -18℃ for 3 h, and then freeze at -50℃ for 48 h to obtain shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.2: Add chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution at a ratio of 1g:20mL, stir at 60℃ until completely dissolved to obtain a chitosan solution, and add maltodextrin and the above-mentioned shellac resin ammonium salt to deionized water at a ratio of 6.6g:1g:16mL, heat at 60℃ and stir thoroughly to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; S4.3: Pour the above mixed solution into the chitosan solution at a volume ratio of 3:1, stir and mix evenly, then add the above-mentioned Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Zhishi extract, and continue to stir and mix evenly to obtain the aqueous phase of the composite wall material. The mass ratio of Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Zhishi extract is 2:1:1, and the total amount of the three added is 12% of the total mass of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.4: Preheat the above composite oil phase to 55°C, then add the composite emulsifier, keep warm and stir until completely dissolved, then add it to the above composite wall material aqueous phase while stirring, and shear at 9000 r / min for 20 min to obtain a crude emulsion. The amount of composite emulsifier added is 5.6% of the mass of the composite oil phase, and the composite emulsifier is prepared by mixing soybean lecithin and glyceryl monostearate in a mass ratio of 2:1. The mass ratio of the composite oil phase to the total amount of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt is 1:0.98. S4.5: The above crude emulsion is ultrasonically homogenized for 30 minutes, then spray-dried and sieved to obtain the feed additive.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that the pine pollen extract and immature bitter orange extract in step S4.3 are replaced with an equal amount of Shenqu extract.

[0027] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the extracts of Shenqu and Zhishi in step S4.3 are replaced with an equal amount of pine pollen extract.

[0028] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that the extracts of Shenqu and pine pollen in step S4.3 are replaced with an equal amount of Citrus aurantium extract.

[0029] Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that the extracts of Shenqu, pine pollen, and immature bitter orange in step S4.3 are removed.

[0030] Comparative Example 5 differs from Example 1 in that the shellac resin ammonium salt in step S4.2 is removed.

[0031] Comparative Example 6 differs from Example 1 in that step S1.2 is modified as follows: Keeping the temperature constant, add rosemary extract to the pretreated chicken oil and stir for 20 minutes. Then add vitamin E and continue stirring for another 30 minutes while keeping the temperature constant. Allow the mixture to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil.

[0032] Comparative Example 7 differs from Example 1 in that step S1.2 is modified as follows: While keeping the temperature constant, add vitamin E and rosemary extract to the pretreated chicken oil, stir for 50 minutes, and let it cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil.

[0033] Comparative Example 8 differs from Example 1 in that step S1.2 is removed, only S1.1 pretreatment is performed, and the antioxidant modified chicken oil in step S3 is replaced with pretreated chicken oil.

[0034] Test example: Test 1: 420 healthy 28-week-old laying hens with consistent weight and egg production rate were randomly divided into 7 groups: Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4, with 60 hens in each group. They were housed in individual cages for 7 days as a pre-feeding period and 42 days as the formal experimental period. During this period, they had free access to feed and water and were managed with conventional lighting (16h / d) and temperature (22±2℃).

[0035] During the experiment, the Example 1 group was fed a basal diet and a feed additive prepared in Example 1 at 0.3% of the weight of the basal diet. Example 2 group was fed a basal diet and a feed additive prepared in Example 2 at 0.3% of the weight of the basal diet; Example 3 group was fed a basal diet and a feed additive prepared in Example 3 at 0.3% of the weight of the basal diet; Comparative Example 1 was fed a basal diet and a feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 1 at 0.3% of the weight of the basal diet. Comparative Example 2 groups were fed a basal diet and a feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 2 at 0.3% of the weight of the basal diet. Comparative Example 3 groups were fed a basal diet and a feed additive prepared by Comparative Example 3 at 0.3% of the weight of the basal diet. The feed additives prepared by Comparative Example 4 were prepared by feeding the basal diet to the basal diet group and the basal diet group at 0.3% of the weight of Comparative Example 4.

[0036] Subsequently, during the experimental period of days 40-42, fresh feces from each group of laying hens were collected daily at regular intervals. Feathers, feed debris, and eggshell impurities were removed, and the feces were mixed by group. The feces were then dried in an oven at 65℃ to constant weight, allowed to humidify at room temperature for 24 hours, pulverized with a grinder, and passed through a 40-mesh nylon sieve. The feces were then sealed, dried, and stored for testing. Simultaneously, the basal diet and the compound feed with added experimental additives were collected from each group, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 40-mesh sieve in the same manner for later use. The apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, and starch in laying hens was then determined using the acid-insoluble ash endogenous indicator method. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1: Results of Apparent Digestibility Test for Feed Additives

[0038] As shown in Table 1, in Comparative Example 4, when no Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract, or immature bitter orange extract was added, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, and starch after feeding was lower than that in Example 1. In Comparative Examples 1-3, when only one of Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract, or immature bitter orange extract was added, the apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, and starch after feeding was higher than that in Comparative Example 4, but still lower than that in Example 1. This shows that when Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract, and immature bitter orange extract are used in combination, they can form a closed-loop synergistic effect in laying hens, synergistically promoting the digestive and absorptive capacity of laying hens.

[0039] Test 2: Weigh 1g of the feed additives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 5 respectively, put them into a filter paper tube, and then place them in the extraction tube of a Soxhlet extractor. Then add anhydrous diethyl ether to the siphon tube height in the pre-weighed receiving bottle, and reflux extract at a water bath temperature of 60°C for 4 hours. After extraction, recover the diethyl ether, place the receiving bottle in an oven at 105°C to dry to constant weight, cool it, and weigh it to obtain the total mass of the free core material and the receiving bottle. Subtract the constant weight of the empty bottle to obtain the mass of the free core material, denoted as m1.

[0040] Another sample was taken and thoroughly ground in a mortar to break down the microcapsule wall material. The broken sample was then placed into a filter paper tube and subjected to Soxhlet extraction for 6 hours under the same conditions as described above, ensuring complete extraction of the chicken fat embedded within. After extraction, the ether was recovered, and the receiving bottle was dried in a 105°C oven to constant weight. After cooling, it was weighed to obtain the total mass of the core material and the total mass of the receiving bottle. Subtracting the constant weight of the empty bottle yielded the total mass of the core material, denoted as m². The encapsulation rate was calculated using the following formula: Embedding rate = (total core mass - free core mass) / total core mass × 100%. Each group was measured in parallel 3 times, and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0041] Table 2: Embedding efficiency test results

[0042] As shown in Table 2, in Comparative Example 5, without the addition of shellac resin ammonium salt, the encapsulation rate of the composite oil phase in the prepared feed additive was much lower than that in Example 1. This indicates that by adding shellac resin to ammonia water to convert the carboxyl groups of the shellac resin into ammonium salts, its water solubility can be improved. Then, the shellac resin ammonium salt and maltodextrin are dissolved in deionized water and mixed with chitosan solution. Through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, a uniform and stable composite wall material aqueous phase is formed. This is then mixed with the composite oil phase under high-speed shearing to form an oil-in-water emulsion. After ultrasonic homogenization and spray drying to solidify into capsules, the feed additive with a microcapsule particle structure can effectively improve the encapsulation rate of antioxidant modified chicken oil.

[0043] Test 3: The composite oil phases prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 6-8 were dispensed into brown glass bottles, sealed, and then placed in a constant temperature incubator for accelerated oxidation at 65°C for 21 days. Samples were taken, and the peroxide value was determined by sodium thiosulfate titration and the anisidine value was determined by anisidine value method. The total oxidation value was calculated (total oxidation value = 2 × peroxide value + anisidine value). Each group was measured in parallel 3 times, and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0044] Table 3: Results of Total Oxidation Value Test of Composite Oil Phase

[0045] As shown in Table 3, in Comparative Example 8, without the addition of Vitamin E and rosemary extract, the total oxidation value of the composite oil phase after 21 days of accelerated oxidation was significantly higher than that of Example 1. In Comparative Example 6, the antioxidant modification treatment was carried out by adding rosemary extract first and then Vitamin E, and in Comparative Example 7, the antioxidant modification treatment was carried out by adding rosemary extract and Vitamin E simultaneously. Although the total oxidation value of the composite oil phase after 21 days of accelerated oxidation was lower than that of Comparative Example 8, it was still higher than that of Example 1. It can be seen that by adding Vitamin E first and allowing it to fully dissolve and disperse before adding rosemary extract, dual antioxidant protection can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the antioxidant capacity of chicken oil. If the order of addition is changed, the antioxidant effect will be reduced.

[0046] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. Parts not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A preparation process for a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of antioxidant-modified chicken oil After pre-treating the chicken fat, vitamin E is added and stirred thoroughly to dissolve it. Then rosemary extract is added and stirred and mixed to obtain antioxidant modified chicken fat. S2: Preparation of extract The Shenqu powder, pine pollen and immature bitter orange were extracted with water to obtain Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and immature bitter orange extract respectively. S3: Preparation of composite oil phase The above-mentioned antioxidant modified chicken oil was added to a closed reaction vessel, preheated to 50-60℃, and then octacosanol was added while stirring. Stirring was continued until it was completely dissolved. After cooling, the composite oil phase was obtained. S4: Preparation of feed additives S4.1: Add shellac resin to an ammonia solution with a concentration of 0.1-0.2 mol / L at a ratio of 1 g: (90-100) mL. After stirring and dissolving thoroughly, freeze at -18℃ for 2-3 h and then freeze at -50℃ for 46-48 h to obtain shellac resin ammonium salt. S4.2: Add chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution at a ratio of 1g:(10-20)mL, stir at 50-60℃ until completely dissolved to obtain a chitosan solution, and add maltodextrin and the above-mentioned shellac resin ammonium salt to deionized water at a ratio of (6.2-6.6)g:1g:(14-16)mL, heat at 50-60℃ and stir thoroughly to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; S4.3: Pour the above mixed solution into the chitosan solution at a volume ratio of (2-3):1, stir and mix evenly, then add the above Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract and Citrus aurantium extract, and continue to stir and mix evenly to obtain the aqueous phase of the composite wall material; S4.4: Preheat the above composite oil phase to 45-55℃, then add the composite emulsifier, keep warm and stir until completely dissolved, then add it to the above composite wall material aqueous phase while stirring, and shear at 8000-9000r / min for 15-20min to obtain a crude emulsion. S4.5: The above crude emulsion is ultrasonically homogenized for 20-30 minutes, then spray-dried and sieved to obtain feed additives.

2. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of octacosanol added is 0.06-0.08% of the mass of the antioxidant-modified chicken fat.

3. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of compound emulsifier added is 5.2-5.6% of the mass of the compound oil phase, and the compound emulsifier is prepared by mixing soybean lecithin and glyceryl monostearate in a mass ratio of 2:

1.

4. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the composite oil phase to the total amount of maltodextrin, chitosan and shellac resin ammonium salt is 1:(0.96-0.98).

5. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of Shenqu extract, pine pollen extract, and immature bitter orange extract is 2:1:1, and the total amount of the three added is 8-12% of the total mass of maltodextrin, chitosan, and shellac resin ammonium salt.

6. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes the following steps: S1.1: Add chicken fat to a reaction vessel and stir at 45-50℃ and -0.06MPa for 15-25 minutes. Then add citric acid alcohol solution and continue stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain pretreated chicken fat. S1.2: Keep the temperature constant, add vitamin E to the pretreated chicken oil, stir for 20-30 minutes, then add rosemary extract, continue stirring for 30-40 minutes, and let it cool naturally to room temperature to obtain antioxidant modified chicken oil.

7. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 6, characterized in that, The citric acid alcohol solution has a mass fraction of 18-20%, which is prepared by dissolving citric acid in anhydrous ethanol, and the amount of citric acid used in the citric acid alcohol solution is 0.1% of the mass of chicken fat.

8. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 6, characterized in that, The total mass of vitamin E and rosemary extract was 0.6-0.8% of the mass of pretreated chicken fat, and the mass ratio of vitamin E to rosemary extract was (2-3):

1.

9. The preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 includes the following steps: S2.1: Add Shenqu powder to purified water at a ratio of 1g:(10-20)mL, soak for 20-30min, then heat at 80-90℃ for 2-3h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction on the residue once more. Combine the filtrates and concentrate under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a relative density of 1.1-1.

15. Then dry under vacuum at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Shenqu extract. S2.2: Add pine pollen to purified water at a ratio of 1g:(12-18)mL, soak for 20-30min, then heat at 90-95℃ for 2-3h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a relative density of 1.12-1.18, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain pine pollen extract; S2.3: Add Fructus Aurantii Immaturus to purified water at a ratio of 1g:(9-15)mL, soak for 30-40min, then heat under reflux at 96-100℃ for 1-2h, filter while hot, collect the filtrate, and repeat the extraction once with the residue. Combine the filtrates, then concentrate under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a relative density of 1.1-1.15, and then vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain Fructus Aurantii Immaturus extract.

10. A feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation process of a feed additive that promotes digestion and absorption as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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