Patch electrodes, patch electrode fabrication methods, data acquisition equipment, and ventilators
By designing a flexible patch electrode, using copper-plated silver and silver chloride layers and a large-area gel layer, the motion artifacts and baseline drift caused by body movements were solved, improving the acquisition quality and stability of bioelectrical signals.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU NAT LAB
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
When collecting bioelectrical signals, the user's body movements cause motion artifacts and baseline drift, which affect the quality of the electrical signals.
Design a patch electrode comprising a base layer, an electrode support layer, a flexible reference electrode layer, and a gel layer. The projected area of the gel layer is larger than that of the reference electrode layer. It adopts a copper-plated silver and silver chloride layer structure. The gel layer contains deionized water, electrolyte, and polyvinyl chloride. The protective layer is a peelable structure.
It effectively reduces motion artifacts and baseline drift, improves the quality of acquired electrical signals, avoids skin damage, and enhances signal stability and conductivity.
Smart Images
Figure CN122123709A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a patch electrode, a method for preparing the patch electrode, a data acquisition device, and a ventilator. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, in scenarios where patch electrodes are used to collect users' bioelectrical signals, motion artifacts are generated in the collected electrical signals due to the user's physical movements (such as coughing, turning over, etc.), which affects the quality of the collected electrical signals. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a patch electrode, a patch electrode preparation method, a data acquisition device, and a ventilator that can improve the quality of acquired electrical signals, addressing the aforementioned technical problems.
[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a patch electrode, comprising: a base layer, an electrode support layer, a reference electrode layer and a gel layer stacked sequentially; the reference electrode layer has a flexible structure; and the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than the projected area of the reference electrode layer on the base layer.
[0005] In one embodiment, the reference electrode layer includes a copper-plated silver layer and a silver chloride layer; the copper-plated silver layer is disposed near the electrode support layer; and the silver chloride layer is disposed near the gel layer.
[0006] In one embodiment, the silver chloride layer is a porous structure formed by the stacking of micron-sized particles.
[0007] In one embodiment, the electrolyte of the gel layer is potassium chloride or sodium chloride.
[0008] In one embodiment, the gel layer comprises deionized water, electrolyte, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive.
[0009] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the gel layer is: 50% deionized water, 5% potassium chloride, 40% polyacrylic acid, and 5% acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.
[0010] In one embodiment, the patch electrode further includes a protective layer disposed on the gel layer; the protective layer has a peelable structure.
[0011] In one embodiment, the base layer is made of non-woven fabric; and / or, the electrode support layer is made of silicone.
[0012] Secondly, this application also provides a method for preparing a patch electrode, comprising: providing a base layer; sequentially stacking an electrode support layer, a reference electrode layer, and a gel layer on the base layer; wherein the electrode support layer is close to the base layer; the gel layer is far from the base layer; the reference electrode layer is a flexible structure; and the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is greater than the projected area of the reference electrode layer on the base layer.
[0013] Thirdly, this application also provides a data acquisition device, comprising: three patch electrodes provided in the first aspect; the three patch electrodes constitute a differential electrode.
[0014] In one embodiment, the acquisition device further includes a preamplifier, the input of which is connected to the output of the differential electrode, for amplifying the electrical signal acquired by the differential electrode.
[0015] In one embodiment, the acquisition device further includes a signal transmitter, the input of which is connected to the output of a preamplifier for wirelessly outputting the amplified electrical signal.
[0016] In one embodiment, the acquisition device further includes a sampling strip; three patch electrodes are disposed on the inner side of the sampling strip; a signal output terminal is disposed on the outer side of the sampling strip; each patch electrode is connected to the signal output terminal via a retractable wire.
[0017] In one embodiment, if the acquisition device further includes a preamplifier, the preamplifier and its output are located outside the sampling band; or, if the acquisition device further includes a preamplifier and a signal transmitter, the preamplifier and the signal transmitter are located outside the sampling band.
[0018] Fourthly, this application also provides a ventilator, which includes the acquisition device provided in the third aspect; differential electrodes are used to capture differential electrical signals from the diaphragm.
[0019] The aforementioned patch electrode, patch electrode preparation method, acquisition device, and ventilator all feature a base layer that provides the foundation panel for the entire electrode structure; an electrode support layer that provides support for the reference electrode layer, preventing damage to the reference electrode layer due to deformation of the patch electrode; a flexible reference electrode layer that provides a stable reference potential, thus improving motion artifacts and baseline drift, and enhancing the quality of acquired electrical signals; and a gel layer with a larger projected area on the base layer than the reference electrode layer, ensuring that the reference electrode layer does not directly contact the skin even when the subject performs certain body movements, preventing skin damage. Furthermore, the gel layer absorbs mechanical vibrations, reducing motion artifacts and improving the quality of acquired electrical signals. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1A This is a front view of the patch electrode in one embodiment;
[0022] Figure 1B This is a top view of the patch electrode in one embodiment;
[0023] Figure 2A This is a front view of the patch electrode in one embodiment;
[0024] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram comparing the electrical signals collected by different patch electrodes in one embodiment;
[0025] Figure 2C This is a schematic diagram comparing the electrical signals collected by different patch electrodes in one embodiment;
[0026] Figure 2D This is a front view of the patch electrode in one embodiment;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for fabricating a patch electrode in one embodiment;
[0028] Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition device in one embodiment;
[0029] Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram of the attachment position of the patch electrode in one embodiment;
[0030] Figure 4C This is a schematic diagram of the midaxillary line in one embodiment;
[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition device in one embodiment;
[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition device in one embodiment;
[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inside of the sampling band in one embodiment;
[0034] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of the preamplifier and signal transmitter in one embodiment;
[0035] Figure 8BThis is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer sides of the sampling band in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from the second element. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.
[0038] In one exemplary embodiment, a patch electrode is provided, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1A and Figure 1B The patch electrode includes:
[0039] The base layer, electrode support layer, reference electrode layer, and gel layer are stacked in sequence.
[0040] The reference electrode layer has a flexible structure; the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than the projected area of the reference electrode layer on the base layer.
[0041] The base layer serves to provide a foundation panel for the entire electrode structure.
[0042] In one alternative implementation, the base layer can be made of non-woven fabric, which is low-cost and flexible, making it suitable as the base panel for patch electrodes. Of course, the base layer can also be made of other materials, which are not limited here.
[0043] The electrode support layer serves to provide support for the reference electrode layer, preventing damage to the reference electrode layer caused by deformation of the patch electrode.
[0044] In one alternative implementation, the electrode support layer can be made of silicone. Because silicone has both softness and support, it can provide fixation and support for the reference electrode layer without compromising the overall flexibility of the patch electrode, facilitating its attachment to the skin surface of the test subject. Of course, the electrode support layer can also be made of other materials, which are not limited here.
[0045] The reference electrode layer generates a known and constant potential value through a stable internal redox reaction, providing a stable half-cell potential, i.e., the reference potential. This is equivalent to a bridge, establishing a stable ion-conducting channel between the skin (high impedance) and the metal portion (low impedance) of the reference electrode layer, efficiently transmitting weak bioelectrical signals. Furthermore, the stable reference potential stabilizes the DC polarization voltage between the reference electrode layer and the skin surface. This stable DC polarization voltage eliminates low-frequency interference caused by electrode movement or skin deformation, resulting in clearer electrical signal characteristics (e.g., respiratory rhythm characteristics of diaphragmatic electrical signals), thus reducing baseline drift. When the subject coughs, turns over, or engages in strenuous exercise, the stable potential of the reference electrode can partially offset signal distortion caused by changes in electrode-skin contact, reducing motion artifacts and suppressing motion artifacts.
[0046] In one alternative implementation, see Figure 2A The reference electrode layer includes a copper-plated silver layer and a silver chloride layer; the copper-plated silver layer is disposed near the electrode support layer; the silver chloride layer is disposed near the gel layer. That is, a copper-plated silver layer is disposed on the electrode support layer, and a silver chloride layer is disposed on the copper-plated silver layer.
[0047] The preparation process of the aforementioned reference electrode layer may include: forming a copper layer (e.g., a copper layer with a thickness of 0.1 mm) on an electrode support layer, and then plating a silver layer on the copper layer to form a copper-silver plating layer. Then, electrochemical chlorination is performed on the copper-silver plating layer, causing a portion of the silver layer to chlorinate, resulting in a planarized pattern, thereby forming a silver chloride layer.
[0048] In some embodiments, the silver chloride layer can be a porous structure formed by stacking micron-sized particles with high specific surface area, which increases reactive sites, reduces noise, and improves stability.
[0049] Since both the copper-plated silver layer and the silver chloride layer have a certain degree of flexibility, after the patch electrode is attached to the skin surface of the test subject, the test subject will not cause the reference electrode layer to move even if the test subject makes certain body movements, thus avoiding motion artifacts and baseline drift caused by the movement of the reference electrode layer.
[0050] It is evident that, based on the flexible characteristics of the reference electrode layer and the stable characteristics of the reference potential, motion artifacts and baseline drift problems can be significantly improved, thereby enhancing the quality of the acquired electrical signals.
[0051] See Figure 2BFor the same subject, in the same environment, the diaphragm electrical signal of the subject was collected using the patch electrode provided in this embodiment, and the electrocardiogram signal of the subject was collected using the ECG patch electrode. By comparison, it was found that the baseline drift of the diaphragm electrical signal collected by the patch electrode provided in this embodiment was effectively improved compared with the baseline drift of the electrocardiogram signal collected by the ECG patch electrode.
[0052] Of course, the reference electrode layer can also be made of other structures and materials, which are not limited here.
[0053] The gel layer can be an electrolyte "hydrogel" containing water. After the patch electrode is attached to the skin surface of the subject, the gel comes into contact with the skin, and the conductive ions in the gel move under the electric field, conducting the ionic current between the skin and the reference electrode layer, thereby converting it into an electrical signal.
[0054] In one alternative implementation, sodium chloride is used as the electrolyte in the gel layer to reduce costs. When potassium chloride is used as the electrolyte, the conductive ions in the gel are chloride and sodium ions.
[0055] In another alternative implementation, potassium chloride is used as the electrolyte in the gel layer to improve conductivity during signal acquisition. When potassium chloride is used as the electrolyte, the conductive ions in the gel are chloride and potassium ions.
[0056] Of course, other electrolytes can also be used, and no restrictions are placed here.
[0057] Understandably, the soft properties of the gel layer allow for ample contact with the subject's skin, thus reducing impedance. Furthermore, the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than that of the reference electrode layer. Even with physical movements, the reference electrode layer will not directly contact the skin, preventing skin damage—for example, preventing silver ions from leaching into sweat and causing contact dermatitis. Moreover, the skin surface contains non-uniform media such as the stratum corneum, sweat, and sebum. Direct contact with the reference electrode layer would result in high and fluctuating contact impedance. The gel layer, by filling the skin's micro-indentations, forms a stable conductive path, reducing contact impedance and fluctuations, and improving the quality of the acquired electrical signal. Additionally, if the reference electrode layer directly contacts the skin, muscle contraction can cause relative displacement between the patch electrode and the skin. The gel layer between the reference electrode layer and the skin absorbs mechanical vibrations during signal acquisition, reducing displacement interference and thus minimizing motion artifacts.
[0058] See Figure 2CFor the same subject under the same environment, the patch electrode provided in this embodiment was used to collect the diaphragm electrical signal, and the ECG patch electrode was used to collect the ECG signal. By comparison, it was found that the amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio of the diaphragm electrical signal collected by the patch electrode provided in this embodiment were significantly improved, which provides important raw signal quality assurance for subsequent signal conditioning and application.
[0059] In one alternative implementation, the gel layer includes deionized water, an electrolyte, polyvinyl chloride, and an acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive.
[0060] Deionized water, obtained by removing cations and anions from water through ion exchange resin, contains almost no impurities (such as metal ions and organic matter), making it an ideal solvent for bioelectric signal acquisition.
[0061] Electrolytes are the medium for the transmission of bioelectrical signals.
[0062] In this process, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) serves as the matrix material in the gel layer. PVC forms a three-dimensional network structure in deionized water through physical or chemical cross-linking. This network structure is the core framework of the gel layer, which determines the mechanical strength, elasticity, and stability of the gel layer, giving it unique physical and chemical properties.
[0063] Among them, the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive achieves reversible bonding through intermolecular forces, without the need for high temperature or solvents, ensuring close contact between the patch electrode and the skin surface, while supporting repeated removal and removal without damaging the skin.
[0064] The mass ratio of the gel layer can be: 50% deionized water, 5% potassium chloride, 40% polyacrylic acid, and 5% acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Of course, other ratios are also possible and are not limited here.
[0065] In the gel layer of the above components, deionized water forms a pure matrix to ensure signal stability; electrolyte imparts conductivity to achieve signal conduction; polyvinyl chloride provides structural support and ion selectivity; and acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive achieves bonding and functional integration. It can be seen that the gel layer of the above components is suitable for application in patch electrodes.
[0066] In one alternative implementation, see Figure 2D The patch electrode also includes a protective layer disposed on the gel layer; the protective layer is a peelable structure. Optionally, the protective layer may be release paper or other peelable structures, which are not limited here.
[0067] The above technical solution involves setting a protective layer on top of the gel layer, which can be peeled off when the patch electrode is needed. In practical scenarios, the protective layer serves as an inner packaging layer, sealing, moisturizing, and preventing contamination of the entire patch electrode, and also facilitating easy peeling when using the patch electrode.
[0068] The aforementioned patch electrode has a base layer that provides the foundation panel for the entire electrode structure; an electrode support layer that supports the reference electrode layer, preventing damage to the reference electrode layer due to deformation of the patch electrode; a flexible reference electrode layer that provides a stable reference potential, thus improving motion artifacts and baseline drift, and enhancing the quality of the acquired electrical signals; and a gel layer with a larger projected area on the base layer than the reference electrode layer, ensuring that the reference electrode layer does not directly contact the skin even when the subject performs certain body movements, preventing skin damage. Furthermore, the gel layer absorbs mechanical vibrations, reducing motion artifacts and improving the quality of the acquired electrical signals.
[0069] In one exemplary embodiment, a method for fabricating a patch electrode is provided, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The methods for fabricating patch electrodes include:
[0070] S310 provides a base layer.
[0071] S320, an electrode support layer, a reference electrode layer and a gel layer are sequentially stacked on top of the base layer.
[0072] The electrode support layer is close to the base layer; the gel layer is far from the base layer; the reference electrode layer is a flexible structure; and the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than the projected area of the reference electrode layer on the base layer.
[0073] The explanation of the function of each layer involved in the above preparation method and the optional implementation methods can be found in the corresponding parts of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0074] When the reference electrode layer includes a copper-plated silver layer and a silver chloride layer, the reference electrode layer is prepared by forming a copper-plated silver layer on the electrode support layer and forming a silver chloride layer on the copper-plated silver layer.
[0075] When a protective layer is included in the patch electrode, the protective layer is formed by forming a protective layer on the gel layer.
[0076] Understandably, the patch electrode prepared by the above method provides a base panel for the entire electrode structure; the electrode support layer provides support for the reference electrode layer, preventing damage to the reference electrode layer due to deformation of the patch electrode; since the reference electrode layer is a flexible structure and has the characteristic of providing a stable reference potential, it can improve motion artifacts and baseline drift, thereby improving the quality of the acquired electrical signal; since the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than that of the reference electrode layer on the base layer, even if the subject performs certain body movements, the reference electrode layer will not directly contact the skin, avoiding damage to the subject's skin, and the gel layer can absorb mechanical vibration, reducing motion artifacts.
[0077] In one exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a data acquisition device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4A The acquisition device includes three patch electrodes; the three patch electrodes constitute a differential electrode. The patch electrodes are the same as those provided in the previous embodiment.
[0078] Understandably, one of the three surface-mount electrodes serves as the positive electrode, one as the reference electrode, and one as the negative electrode. In practical applications, the reference electrode is grounded to eliminate baseline drift; the positive and negative electrodes are used to output differential electrical signals.
[0079] Understandably, the attachment position of the patch electrodes can be determined based on the type of electrical signal to be acquired. For example, if the electrical signal type is a diaphragmatic electrical signal, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4B The positive electrode is attached to the 8th and 9th intercostal spaces along the mid-axillary line on one side of the subject's body (between the 8th and 9th ribs), and the negative electrode is attached to the 8th and 9th intercostal spaces along the mid-axillary line on the other side of the subject's body. The reference electrode is attached to the midline of the sternum below the xiphoid process (e.g., 2-3 cm below the xiphoid process). See also Figure 4C The mid-axillary line is a vertical line extending downwards from the midpoint of the armpit.
[0080] In the aforementioned acquisition device, three patch electrodes constitute a differential electrode. Within each patch electrode, the base layer provides the foundation panel for the entire electrode structure; the electrode support layer provides support for the reference electrode layer, preventing damage to the reference electrode layer due to deformation of the patch electrode. Because the reference electrode layer is a flexible structure and possesses the characteristic of providing a stable reference potential, it can improve motion artifacts and baseline drift, thereby enhancing the quality of the acquired electrical signal. Since the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than that of the reference electrode layer, even if the subject performs certain body movements, the reference electrode layer will not directly contact the skin, avoiding damage to the subject's skin. Furthermore, the gel layer can absorb mechanical vibrations, reducing motion artifacts. Therefore, the acquisition device including three patch electrodes can acquire high-quality electrical signals, providing a high-quality signal foundation for subsequent processing.
[0081] Based on the technical solutions provided in the above embodiments, an optional embodiment is provided, in which see... Figure 5 The acquisition device also includes a preamplifier, whose input is connected to the output of the differential electrode, and is used to amplify the electrical signal acquired by the differential electrode.
[0082] In practical scenarios, preamplifiers can also be connected to other signal processing devices to further process electrical signals, thereby improving the quality of the electrical signals.
[0083] In this embodiment, the output terminal of the differential electrode is connected to the input terminal of the preamplifier. The differential electrical signal collected by the differential electrode is amplified by the preamplifier to obtain an amplified electrical signal. The differential electrical signal collected by the differential electrode is usually relatively weak, and amplification is beneficial for subsequent processing.
[0084] Based on the technical solutions provided in the above embodiments, an optional embodiment is provided, in which see... Figure 6 The acquisition device also includes a signal transmitter, whose input is connected to the output of a preamplifier for wirelessly outputting the amplified electrical signal.
[0085] The wireless output method can be Bluetooth, WIFI (Wireless Fidelity), or other wireless output methods, which are not limited here.
[0086] In practical scenarios, differential electrodes, preamplifiers, and signal transmitters are integrated together to achieve signal acquisition. The amplified electrical signal typically requires further processing, such as noise reduction and amplitude adjustment, necessitating a signal processing unit. Due to the placement of the signal transmitter, the signal acquisition component and subsequent signal processing equipment can be separated, improving the flexibility of signal processing.
[0087] Based on the technical solutions provided in the above embodiments, an optional embodiment is provided, in which see... Figure 7 The acquisition device also includes a sampling strip; three patch electrodes are located on the inner side of the sampling strip; a signal output terminal (not shown in the figure) is located on the outer side of the sampling strip; each patch electrode and the signal output terminal can be connected by a retractable wire.
[0088] The signal output terminal is connected to each surface-mount electrode via a retractable wire, enabling the collection of differential electrical signals. At the signal output terminal, the reference electrode among the three surface-mount electrodes can be grounded.
[0089] The specific form of the signal output terminal can be selected as needed and is not limited here.
[0090] In this embodiment, three patch electrodes are positioned inside the sampling band. When the subject wears the sampling band, the three patch electrodes adhere to the subject's skin surface, thereby acquiring electrical signals. Since the signal output terminal is located outside the sampling band, and each patch electrode is connected to the signal output terminal via a retractable wire, the electrical signals output by the patch electrodes are collected by the signal output terminal on the outside of the sampling band for subsequent processing. Furthermore, due to the retractable conductive connection, the sampling band can be adapted to subjects of different body shapes, enabling the acquisition of electrical signals from subjects of varying body sizes.
[0091] Based on the technical solutions provided in the above embodiments, an optional embodiment is provided. In this optional embodiment, if the acquisition device further includes a preamplifier, the preamplifier and its output terminal are located outside the sampling band; or, if the acquisition device further includes a preamplifier and a signal transmitter, the preamplifier and the signal transmitter are located outside the sampling band.
[0092] In cases where the acquisition device also includes a preamplifier, the input terminal of the preamplifier is connected to the signal output terminal, so that the differential electrical signal collected at the signal output terminal is input to the preamplifier for amplification. The amplified electrical signal can then be output via wired or wireless means.
[0093] In the case where the acquisition device also includes a preamplifier and a signal transmitter, the input terminal of the preamplifier is connected to the signal output terminal, so that the differential electrical signal collected by the signal output terminal is input to the preamplifier for amplification, and the amplified electrical signal is wirelessly output through the signal transmitter.
[0094] For example, see Figure 8A The preamplifier and signal transmitter are located outside the sampling band.
[0095] See Figure 8B The inner side of one end of the sampling strip and the outer side of the other end can be provided with a fastening structure. The sampling strip is worn on the body of the subject by connecting the fastening structures at both ends of the sampling strip.
[0096] In this embodiment, the three patch electrodes and the telescopic wire in the sampling device are located inside the sampling strip, while the other parts of the sampling device are located outside the sampling strip. This facilitates the wearing of the sampling strip and avoids causing discomfort to the test subject due to the preamplifier and its output being located inside.
[0097] In one exemplary embodiment, a ventilator is provided, which includes the acquisition device provided in the above embodiment; a differential electrode is used to capture differential electrical signals of the diaphragm.
[0098] That is, the three patch electrodes in the acquisition device in the above embodiment are set at the measurement positions corresponding to the diaphragm, thereby acquiring the differential electrical signal of the diaphragm, and then adjusting the parameters of the ventilator according to the differential electrical signal of the diaphragm, or deciding whether the subject needs to continue to use the ventilator for assisted breathing.
[0099] In this embodiment, since the ventilator includes a data acquisition device that can acquire high-quality electrical signals, it provides a high-quality basis for ventilator parameter settings or weaning judgment, which helps to improve the accuracy of ventilator parameter adjustment or weaning judgment.
[0100] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.
[0101] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A patch electrode, characterized in that, include: The base layer, electrode support layer, reference electrode layer, and gel layer are stacked in sequence. The reference electrode layer has a flexible structure; the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than the projected area of the reference electrode layer on the base layer.
2. The patch electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference electrode layer includes a copper-plated silver layer and a silver chloride layer; the copper-plated silver layer is disposed close to the electrode support layer; the silver chloride layer is disposed close to the gel layer.
3. The patch electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that, The silver chloride layer is a porous structure formed by the accumulation of micron-sized particles.
4. The patch electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte in the gel layer is potassium chloride or sodium chloride.
5. The patch electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gel layer includes deionized water, electrolyte, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive.
6. The patch electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the gel layer is as follows: 50% deionized water, 5% potassium chloride, 40% polyacrylic acid, and 5% acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.
7. The patch electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The patch electrode also includes a protective layer disposed on the gel layer; the protective layer has a peelable structure.
8. The patch electrode according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The base layer is made of non-woven fabric; and / or, the electrode support layer is made of silicone.
9. A method for fabricating a patch electrode, characterized in that, include: Provide base layer; An electrode support layer, a reference electrode layer, and a gel layer are sequentially stacked on the base layer; The electrode support layer is close to the base layer; the gel layer is far from the base layer; the reference electrode layer is a flexible structure; and the projected area of the gel layer on the base layer is larger than the projected area of the reference electrode layer on the base layer.
10. A data acquisition device, characterized in that, include: Three patch electrodes as described in any one of claims 1-8; Three patch electrodes constitute a differential electrode.
11. The data acquisition device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The acquisition device also includes a preamplifier, the input of which is connected to the output of the differential electrode, for amplifying the electrical signal acquired by the differential electrode.
12. The data acquisition device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The acquisition device also includes a signal transmitter, the input of which is connected to the output of the preamplifier for wirelessly outputting the amplified electrical signal.
13. The data acquisition device according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that, The data acquisition device also includes a sampling tape; The three patch electrodes are disposed on the inner side of the sampling strip; a signal output terminal is disposed on the outer side of the sampling strip; each patch electrode is connected to the signal output terminal via a retractable wire.
14. The data acquisition device according to claim 13, characterized in that: If the acquisition device also includes a preamplifier, the preamplifier and its output terminal are located outside the sampling band; or, In the case where the acquisition device also includes a preamplifier and a signal transmitter, the preamplifier and the signal transmitter are located outside the sampling band.
15. A ventilator, characterized in that, The ventilator includes the acquisition device as described in any one of claims 10-14; the differential electrode is used to capture differential electrical signals from the diaphragm.