A high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in malanerium oil based on molecular distillation technology

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of nervonic acid preparation technology, specifically to a high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid from garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology. The device includes a molecular distillation apparatus, internally comprising, from top to bottom, a driver, a film scraping system, and a condensation system. The film scraping system includes a rotating shroud driven by the driver, a centrifugal disc located at the bottom of the rotating shroud, a pressure rod located inside the rotating shroud, and a transmission rod rotating at the bottom of the pressure rod and slidably inserted into the centrifugal disc. The centrifugal disc of this invention uses centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to evenly distribute the material onto the evaporation wall, forming an initial ultrathin film. Simultaneously, the scraper rotates accordingly, performing secondary scraping and homogenization of the initial liquid film. Utilizing the synergistic structure of centrifugal material distribution and mechanical scraping, the problem of uneven material distribution in traditional methods is solved at its source, and dynamic renewal of the evaporation interface is achieved, thereby improving heat and mass transfer efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nervonic acid preparation technology, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid from garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Garlic fruit oil is rich in valuable nervonic acid, but its efficient separation and purification is quite challenging. Based on molecular distillation technology, efficient separation can be achieved under high vacuum and low temperature conditions, taking into account the differences in the free path of molecular motion of different components. This technology can effectively remove free fatty acids and small molecule impurities from garlic fruit oil, while enriching the nervonic acid component, significantly improving product purity.

[0003] Patent application number CN202122580137.7 discloses a device for separating and purifying nervonic acid from *Sapindus mukorossi* oil, including a base; a first and a second support plate that are perpendicularly fixed to each other on the top surface of the base; a separation mechanism that is fixedly installed at the top between the first and the second support plates; a stirring mechanism that is fixedly installed on the edge of the top surface of the base; and a rotating cylinder that separates the nervonic acid from *Sapindus mukorossi* oil by molecular distillation. This eliminates the cumbersome steps of using multiple instruments to change back and forth when separating nervonic acid from *Sapindus mukorossi* oil by molecular distillation.

[0004] However, existing molecular distillation equipment has two major drawbacks in separating nervonic acid from garlic fruit oil: First, it relies on gravity and simple flow channels for feeding, resulting in uneven initial distribution of materials on the evaporation wall and uncontrollable liquid film thickness, leading to low heat and mass transfer efficiency; Second, the condensation surface is statically designed, and condensate continuously accumulates during operation to form a thermal resistance layer, causing a continuous decline in condensation efficiency. Cleaning or maintenance requires interrupting the process and breaking the vacuum, which seriously affects the continuity of production and the overall separation efficiency.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid from garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency separation device for garlic fruit oil nervonic acid based on molecular distillation technology. The centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal disc evenly disperses the material onto the evaporation wall to form an initial ultra-thin film, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology includes a molecular distillation device, which has, from top to bottom, a driver, a scraping membrane system, and a condensation system. The film scraping system includes a rotating cover driven by a driver, a centrifugal disc located at the bottom of the rotating cover, a pressure rod located inside the rotating cover, and a transmission rod that rotates at the bottom end of the pressure rod and is slidably inserted into the centrifugal disc. The outer wall of the transmission rod is provided with several vertical limiting grooves. In the above setup, the driver drives the centrifugal disc to rotate via the rotating cover, thereby using centrifugal force to evenly distribute the material. The condensation system includes a condenser tube located at the center of the molecular distillation apparatus, a pair of spiral scrapers sleeved on the outside of the condenser tube, a transmission tube located above the condenser tube and inserted into the transmission rod, a number of protrusions embedded in a number of grooves in the inner wall of the transmission tube, and a second spring located between the protrusions and the grooves. In the above configuration, pressing the pressure rod causes the transmission rod to move downward inside the centrifugal disc. After the transmission rod is inserted into the transmission tube, the protrusion rebounds into the limiting groove under the elastic force of the second spring, thereby driving a pair of spiral scrapers to rotate through the transmission tube.

[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, the molecular distillation apparatus includes a distiller, a heating jacket integrally formed on the outer wall of the distiller, a reflux pipe and a liquid inlet pipe integrally formed on the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the heating jacket, and a collection tank integrally formed on the bottom end of the outer wall of the distiller.

[0009] In the technical solution of the present invention, the molecular distillation apparatus further includes a collection tank integrally formed at the bottom of the distiller, a light component recovery tube integrally formed at the bottom of the outer wall of the collection tank, and a vacuum interface integrally formed at the top of the outer wall of the distiller.

[0010] The above setup constructs the core process environment for molecular distillation. By integrating vacuum, heating, and zoned collection systems, it provides the necessary high vacuum and precise temperature control conditions for the efficient separation and purification of nervonic acid, and enables the directional extraction and collection of light and heavy components.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, the driver includes a sealing plate snapped and fixed to the top opening of the distiller, a partition plate fixed to the bottom surface of the sealing plate by screws, and a motor fixed to the top surface of the sealing plate by bolts.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, the driver further includes a driving gear coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor and a driven ring gear meshing with the driving gear, and a through hole is provided at the center of both the sealing plate and the partition plate.

[0013] The aforementioned setup provides the core power for the separation process, and efficiently converts the motor torque into the rotational motion required by the scraping film system through gear transmission. The sealing plate and partition, while transmitting power, ensure the vacuum seal at the top of the distillation chamber, guaranteeing stable operation of the process.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, the film scraping system further includes a fixed cylinder that is snapped and fixed at the center of the top of the sealing plate. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder is integrally formed with a feed pipe for feeding. The rotating cover is composed of a circular pipe rotatably connected inside the partition and a disc at the bottom.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the centrifuge disc is fixedly connected to the disc at the bottom of the rotating cover by screws. Several regularly distributed guide vanes are integrally formed on the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc. Several liquid distribution grooves are opened through the annular wall of the centrifuge disc. A limiting through hole is opened through the center of the centrifuge disc. The size of the transmission rod is adapted to the limiting through hole. A fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc by bolts. A scraper is fixedly engaged on the fixing frame.

[0016] In the technical solution of the present invention, the pressure rod is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder, and a first spring is also sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod above the fixed cylinder. A telescopic rod is sleeved on the outside of the first spring. The fixed end of the telescopic rod is engaged with the top surface of the fixed cylinder, and the moving end is engaged with the bottom surface of the circular plate at the top of the pressure rod.

[0017] In the above setup, centrifugal force is used to achieve initial uniform material distribution, and a rotating scraper continuously updates the evaporation interface to enhance mass transfer. Simultaneously, its unique pressure bar and drive bar structure provides a direct mechanical power interface for subsequent on-demand activation of the condenser surface self-cleaning function.

[0018] In the technical solution of the present invention, the condenser tube is clamped and fixed inside the collection tank, the top end of the condenser tube is rotatably connected to a sleeve, and a rotating frame is also sleeved on the outside of the condenser tube. The spiral scraper is heat-fused between the sleeve and the rotating frame.

[0019] In the technical solution of the present invention, the transmission tube is heat-fused to the top surface of the sleeve, and the upper and lower sides of the protrusion extension end are provided with arc-shaped chamfers. The two ends of the second spring are respectively bonded to the groove and the protrusion on the inner wall of the transmission tube.

[0020] In the above configuration, the spiral scraper blades, which are closely attached to the outer wall of the condenser tube, will continuously scrape off the condensate layer adhering to the tube wall during rotation. The scraped-off condensate will drip down rapidly under the spiral guiding effect, thereby quickly restoring the clean state of the condenser tube surface and allowing its heat transfer coefficient and condensation efficiency to be restored to the optimal level in an instant.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This high-efficiency separation device for garlic fruit oil nervonic acid based on molecular distillation technology uses a centrifugal disc that rotates at high speed to evenly distribute the material onto the evaporation wall, forming an initial ultrathin film. Simultaneously, a scraper rotates to further level and homogenize the initial liquid film. By utilizing the synergistic structure of centrifugal material distribution and mechanical scraping, the device fundamentally solves the problem of uneven material distribution in traditional methods and achieves dynamic renewal of the evaporation interface, thereby improving heat and mass transfer efficiency.

[0022] 2. This high-efficiency separation device for garlic fruit oil nervonic acid based on molecular distillation technology uses a pressable transmission rod. After the transmission rod is inserted and coupled with the transmission tube, the rotational power of the scraping film system is transmitted to a pair of spiral scrapers, driving them to rotate around the condenser tube. This allows the operator to start physical scraping of the condenser tube wall at any time without stopping the machine or breaking the system vacuum, forcibly removing the accumulated condensate layer, thus solving the problem of the efficiency of traditional static condensers decreasing with operating time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the molecular distillation apparatus in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the driver structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the film scraping system in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the film scraping system in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifuge disc in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the condensation system in this invention; Figure 10 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the condensation system in this invention; Figure 11 This is a second schematic diagram of a portion of the condensation system in this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Molecular distillation apparatus; 110. Distillation apparatus; 120. Heating jacket; 130. Inlet pipe; 140. Reflux pipe; 150. Collection tank; 160. Heavy component recovery pipe; 170. Light component recovery pipe; 180. Vacuum interface; 200. Driver; 210. Sealing plate; 220. Partition plate; 230. Motor; 240. Drive gear; 250. Driven ring gear; 300. Film scraping system; 310. Fixed cylinder; 311. Feed pipe; 320. Rotating cover; 330. Centrifugal disc; 331. Guide vane; 332. Separating tank; 333. Limiting through hole; 340. Pressure rod; 350. First spring; 360. Telescopic rod; 370. Transmission rod; 371. Limiting slide groove; 380. Fixed frame; 390. Scraper; 400. Condensation system; 410. Condensation tube; 420. Tube sleeve; 430. Rotating frame; 440. Spiral scraper; 450. Transmission tube; 460. Protrusion; 470. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides the following technical solution: A high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid from garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology includes a molecular distillation device 100, which contains, from top to bottom, a driver 200, a scraping film system 300, and a condensation system 400.

[0026] Specifically, the molecular distillation apparatus 100 includes a distiller 110, a heating jacket 120 integrally formed on the outer wall of the distiller 110, a reflux pipe 140 and a liquid inlet pipe 130 integrally formed on the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the heating jacket 120, and a collection tank 150 integrally formed on the bottom end of the outer wall of the distiller 110.

[0027] Furthermore, the molecular distillation apparatus 100 also includes a collection tank 150 integrally formed at the bottom of the distiller 110, a light component recovery tube 170 integrally formed at the bottom of the outer wall of the collection tank 150, and a vacuum interface 180 integrally formed at the top of the outer wall of the distiller 110.

[0028] Furthermore, before use, the vacuum system is activated to evacuate the interior of the distiller 110 through the vacuum interface 180 until the high vacuum state required by the process is reached. At the same time, the heat transfer medium is introduced into the heating jacket 120 through the liquid inlet pipe 130 and discharged through the reflux pipe 140 to preheat the wall of the distiller 110 to the target temperature. The collection tank 150 is used to collect high-purity nervonic acid enrichment and discharged through the light component recovery pipe 170. The heavy component recovery pipe 160 is used to recover the unevaporated heavy component material.

[0029] The above setup constructs the core process environment for molecular distillation. By integrating vacuum, heating, and zoned collection systems, it provides the necessary high vacuum and precise temperature control conditions for the efficient separation and purification of nervonic acid, and enables the directional extraction and collection of light and heavy components.

[0030] Please see Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the driver 200 includes a sealing plate 210 snapped and fixed to the top opening of the distiller 110, a partition plate 220 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate 210 by screws, and a motor 230 fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing plate 210 by bolts.

[0031] Specifically, the driver 200 also includes a drive gear 240 coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor 230 and a driven ring gear 250 meshing with the drive gear 240. The sealing plate 210 and the partition plate 220 are both provided with through holes at their centers.

[0032] Furthermore, after the motor 230 of the driver 200 is started, the motor 230 drives the drive gear 240 to rotate, thereby driving the meshing driven ring gear 250 to rotate.

[0033] The above setup provides the core power for the separation process, and efficiently converts the torque of the motor 230 into the rotational motion required by the scraping film system through gear transmission. The sealing plate 210 and the partition plate 220, while transmitting power, ensure the vacuum seal at the top of the distillation chamber, guaranteeing the stable operation of the process.

[0034] Please see Figures 5-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the film scraping system 300 includes a rotating cover 320 driven by a driver 200, a centrifugal disc 330 disposed at the bottom of the rotating cover 320, a pressure rod 340 disposed inside the rotating cover 320, and a transmission rod 370 that rotates at the bottom end of the pressure rod 340 and is slidably inserted into the centrifugal disc 330. The outer wall of the transmission rod 370 is provided with several vertical limiting grooves 371. The driver 200 drives the centrifugal disc 330 to rotate through the rotating cover 320, thereby using centrifugal force to evenly spread the material.

[0035] Specifically, the film scraping system 300 also includes a fixed cylinder 310 that is snapped and fixed at the top center of the sealing plate 210. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder 310 is integrally formed with a feed pipe 311 for feeding. The rotating cover 320 consists of a circular pipe rotatably connected inside the partition plate 220 and a disc at the bottom.

[0036] Furthermore, the centrifuge disc 330 is fixedly connected to the disc at the bottom of the rotating cover 320 by screws. Several regularly distributed guide vanes 331 are integrally formed on the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc 330. Several liquid distribution grooves 332 are opened through the annular wall of the centrifuge disc 330. A limiting through hole 333 is opened through the center of the centrifuge disc 330. The size of the transmission rod 370 is matched with the size of the limiting through hole 333. A fixing bracket 380 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc 330 by bolts. A scraper 390 is snapped and fixed on the fixing bracket 380.

[0037] Furthermore, the pressure rod 340 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 310. A first spring 350 is also sleeved on the outer side of the pressure rod 340 above the fixed cylinder 310. A telescopic rod 360 is sleeved on the outer side of the first spring 350. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 360 is engaged with the top surface of the fixed cylinder 310, and the moving end is engaged with the bottom surface of the top circular plate of the pressure rod 340.

[0038] Furthermore, the pretreated garlic fruit oil raw material is pumped into the fixed cylinder 310 through the feed pipe 311. After the rotating cover 320 rotates, the centrifugal disc 330 fixed at its bottom rotates at high speed. Under the action of gravity, the raw oil flows into the center of the centrifugal disc 330 through the rotating cover 320 and is then captured by the high-speed rotating disc. Under the action of strong centrifugal force, it moves radially along the guide vane 331 and is finally evenly thrown onto the inner wall surface of the distiller 110 through the liquid distribution tank 332 to form an initial liquid film of uniform thickness.

[0039] Furthermore, at the same time, the fixing frame 380 on the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc 330 and the scraper 390 fixed thereon rotate synchronously with the centrifuge disc; the scraper 390 maintains a precise micro-gap or flexible contact with the inner wall of the distiller 110, and performs secondary scraping and homogenization of the initial liquid film to ensure its uniformity; and continuously scrapes the wall surface during the evaporation process to promptly peel off the residual reconstituted liquid film after evaporation, preventing it from remaining on the wall surface and charring, and promoting its flow to the bottom of the evaporator.

[0040] Furthermore, after reducing the speed of the motor 230, the operator presses down on the pressure rod 340, which compresses the first spring 350 and drives the transmission rod 370 at its end to move axially downward.

[0041] In the above setup, centrifugal force is used to achieve initial uniform material distribution, and a rotating scraper 390 continuously updates the evaporation interface to enhance mass transfer. Simultaneously, its unique pressure rod 340 and transmission rod 370 structure provides a direct mechanical power interface for subsequently activating the self-cleaning function of the condenser surface as needed.

[0042] Please see Figures 9-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the condensation system 400 includes a condenser tube 410 disposed at the center of the molecular distillation apparatus 100, a pair of spiral scrapers 440 sleeved on the outside of the condenser tube 410, a transmission tube 450 disposed above the condenser tube 410 and inserted into the transmission rod 370, a plurality of protrusions 460 embedded in a plurality of grooves in the inner wall of the transmission tube 450, and a second spring 470 disposed between the protrusions 460 and the grooves. Pressing the pressure rod 340 causes the transmission rod 370 to move downward inside the centrifuge disc 330. After the transmission rod 370 is inserted into the transmission tube 450, the protrusions 460 rebound under the elastic force of the second spring 470 and enter the limiting groove 371, thereby driving the pair of spiral scrapers 440 to rotate through the transmission tube 450.

[0043] Specifically, the condenser tube 410 is snapped and fixed inside the collection tank 150, and the top end of the condenser tube 410 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 420. The outer side of the condenser tube 410 is also fitted with a rotating frame 430, and the spiral scraper 440 is heat-fused between the sleeve 420 and the rotating frame 430.

[0044] Furthermore, the transmission tube 450 is heat-fused to the top surface of the sleeve 420, and the upper and lower sides of the extension end of the protrusion 460 are provided with arc-shaped chamfers. The two ends of the second spring 470 are respectively bonded to the groove on the inner wall of the transmission tube 450 and the protrusion 460.

[0045] Furthermore, under the set high vacuum and heating temperature, the liquid film adhering to the wall is heated, and the light component molecules of nervonic acid with a larger free path of motion preferentially evaporate, detach from the liquid surface and move to the central region of the distiller 110, and collide with the outer surface of the low-temperature condenser tube 410, condensing into liquid, flowing down the tube wall under the action of gravity, and collecting in the collection tank 150 at the bottom, and finally output through the light component recovery tube 170 to obtain a high-purity nervonic acid enrichment.

[0046] Furthermore, after the transmission rod 370 moves down and inserts into the inner cavity of the transmission tube 450 at the top of the condensing system 400, under the elastic force of the second spring 470, the protrusion 460 pops out radially and gets stuck in the limiting slide groove 371, realizing the circumferential locking between the transmission rod 370 and the transmission tube 450; at this time, the continuously rotating transmission rod 370 transmits torque to the transmission tube 450 through the protrusion 460, thereby driving the sleeve 420 fixed to the transmission tube 450, the rotating frame 430 and the spiral scraper 440 connected between them to rotate together around the axis of the condensing tube 410.

[0047] Furthermore, after cleaning the condensation surface, the downward pressure on the pressure rod 340 is released; under the restoring force of the first spring 350, the pressure rod 340 drives the transmission rod 370 to move upward synchronously; as the transmission rod 370 moves upward, the protrusion 460 loses the constraint of the side wall of the limiting slide groove 371 and is pressed back into the groove on the inner wall of the transmission tube 450, and the power coupling is automatically released; the transmission tube 450 and the spiral scraper 440 stop rotating, and the device returns to the normal static condensation working mode.

[0048] In the above configuration, the spiral scraper 440, which is closely attached to the outer wall of the condenser tube 410, will continuously scrape the condensate layer attached to the tube wall during rotation. The scraped condensate will drip down rapidly under the spiral guiding action, thereby quickly restoring the clean state of the surface of the condenser tube 410 and allowing its heat transfer coefficient and condensation efficiency to be restored to the optimal level in an instant.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the motor 230 involved in this invention is a general standard part or a component known to those skilled in the art. Its structure and principle can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. In the idle part of this device, the motor 230 is connected to an external power source through wires. The specific connection method should refer to the working principle in this invention. The electrical components are electrically connected in the order of operation. The detailed connection methods are all technologies known in the art.

[0050] In the use of the high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology of the present invention, after completing the sealing inspection of the device, the vacuum system is started to evacuate the inside of the distiller 110 through the vacuum interface 180 until the high vacuum state required by the process is reached; at the same time, circulating heat transfer medium is introduced into the heating jacket 120 to preheat the wall of the distiller 110 to the target temperature; the pretreated garlic fruit oil raw material is pumped into the fixed cylinder 310 through the feed pipe 311. Next, the motor 230 of the driver 200 is started. The motor 230 drives the driven ring gear 250 through the driving gear 240, thereby driving the rotating cover 320 and the centrifugal disc 330 fixed at its bottom to rotate at high speed. Under the action of gravity, the raw oil flows into the center of the centrifugal disc 330 through the rotating cover 320 and is then captured by the high-speed rotating disc. Under the action of strong centrifugal force, it moves radially along the guide vane 331 and is finally evenly thrown onto the inner wall surface of the distiller 110 through the liquid distribution tank 332 to form an initial liquid film of uniform thickness. Meanwhile, the fixing frame 380 on the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc 330 and the scraper 390 fixed thereon rotate synchronously with the centrifuge disc; the scraper 390 maintains a precise micro-gap or flexible contact with the inner wall of the distiller 110, and performs secondary scraping and homogenization of the initial liquid film to ensure its uniformity; and continuously scrapes the wall surface during the evaporation process to promptly peel off the residual reconstituted liquid film after evaporation, preventing it from remaining and charring on the wall surface, and promoting its flow to the bottom of the evaporator; Under the set high vacuum and heating temperature, the liquid film attached to the wall is heated. Among them, the light component molecules with a larger free path of motion, mainly nervonic acid, evaporate preferentially and move away from the liquid surface to the central region of the distiller 110. The heavy component molecules with a shorter free path of motion have difficulty reaching the center and return to the liquid film. During this process, the continuously rotating scraper 390 ensures the continuous renewal of the evaporation interface, avoiding the decrease in effective evaporation area and the increase in thermal resistance caused by the accumulation of heavy components. The evaporated light component gas phase molecules fly in a straight line in the vacuum environment and collide with the outer surface of the low-temperature condenser 410. Light component molecules that collide with the surface of the condenser tube 410 release latent heat, condense into liquid, and flow down the tube wall due to gravity, collecting in the collection tank 150 at the bottom, and finally output through the light component recovery tube 170 to obtain high-purity nervonic acid enrichment. Afterwards, the self-cleaning linkage mechanism of the condenser surface can be activated as needed. During continuous operation, when a decrease in condensation efficiency is detected or the condensate layer covering the surface of the condenser tube 410 needs to be removed according to a preset cycle, the speed of the motor 230 is reduced first, and the operator presses down the pressure rod 340. The pressure rod 340 compresses the first spring 350 and drives the transmission rod 370 at its end to move downward along the axis. After the transmission rod 370 passes through the limiting through hole 333 of the centrifugal disc 330, it is inserted into the inner cavity of the transmission tube 450 at the top of the condensation system 400. Under the elastic force of the second spring 470, the protrusion 460 is radially ejected and locked into the limiting slide groove 371, realizing the circumferential locking between the transmission rod 370 and the transmission tube 450; at this time, the continuously rotating transmission rod 370 transmits torque to the transmission tube 450 through the protrusion 460, thereby driving the sleeve 420 fixed to the transmission tube 450, the rotating frame 430 and the spiral scraper 440 connected between them to rotate together around the axis of the condenser tube 410. During rotation, the spiral scraper 440, which is closely attached to the outer wall of the condenser tube 410, will continuously scrape off the condensate layer adhering to the tube wall. The scraped condensate will drip down rapidly under the spiral guiding action, thereby quickly restoring the clean state of the surface of the condenser tube 410 and allowing its heat transfer coefficient and condensation efficiency to be restored to the best level in an instant. Subsequently, the unevaporated heavy component material flows along the inner wall of the distiller 110 to the bottom under the force of gravity and subsequent feed, and is discharged through the heavy component recovery pipe 160, which can be returned for redistillation; at this point, a complete distillation cycle including active maintenance of the condenser surface is completed, and the device can operate continuously or intermittently to continuously and efficiently separate nervonic acid.

[0051] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes; these descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings; the exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the particular principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention as well as various different choices and variations; the scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid from garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology, comprising a molecular distillation device, wherein an actuator, a scraping membrane system and a condensation system are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the device; Its features are: The scraping film system includes a rotating cover driven by a driver, a centrifugal disc located at the bottom of the rotating cover, a pressure rod located inside the rotating cover, and a transmission rod that rotates at the bottom of the pressure rod and is slidably inserted into the centrifugal disc. The outer wall of the transmission rod is provided with several vertical limiting grooves. The driver drives the centrifugal disc to rotate through the rotating cover, thereby using centrifugal force to evenly spread the material. The condensation system includes a condenser tube located at the center of the molecular distillation apparatus, a pair of spiral scrapers sleeved on the outside of the condenser tube, a transmission tube located above the condenser tube and inserted into the transmission rod, a number of protrusions embedded in a number of grooves in the inner wall of the transmission tube, and a second spring located between the protrusions and the grooves. Pressing the pressure rod causes the transmission rod to move downward inside the centrifugal disc. After the transmission rod is inserted into the transmission tube, the protrusion rebounds into the limiting groove under the elastic force of the second spring, thereby driving a pair of spiral scrapers to rotate through the transmission tube.

2. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular distillation apparatus includes a distiller, a heating jacket integrally formed on the outer wall of the distiller, a reflux pipe and a liquid inlet pipe integrally formed on the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the heating jacket, and a collection tank integrally formed on the bottom end of the outer wall of the distiller.

3. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molecular distillation apparatus also includes a collection tank integrally formed at the bottom of the still, a light component recovery tube integrally formed at the bottom of the outer wall of the collection tank, and a vacuum interface integrally formed at the top of the outer wall of the still.

4. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The actuator includes a sealing plate snapped onto the top opening of the distiller, a partition plate fixed to the bottom surface of the sealing plate by screws, and a motor fixed to the top surface of the sealing plate by bolts.

5. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driver also includes a drive gear coaxially connected to the motor output shaft and a driven ring gear meshing with the drive gear. Both the sealing plate and the partition have through holes at their centers.

6. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The film scraping system also includes a fixed cylinder snapped and fixed at the center of the top of the sealing plate. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder is integrally formed with a feed pipe for feeding. The rotating cover consists of a circular pipe rotatably connected inside the partition and a disc at the bottom.

7. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centrifuge disc is fixedly connected to the disc at the bottom of the rotating cover by screws. Several regularly distributed guide vanes are integrally formed on the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc. Several liquid distribution grooves are opened through the annular wall of the centrifuge disc. A limiting through hole is opened through the center of the centrifuge disc. The size of the transmission rod is adapted to the limiting through hole. A fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the centrifuge disc by bolts. A scraper is fixedly engaged on the fixing frame.

8. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure rod is slidably connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder. A first spring is also sleeved on the outside of the pressure rod above the fixed cylinder. A telescopic rod is sleeved on the outside of the first spring. The fixed end of the telescopic rod is engaged with the top surface of the fixed cylinder, and the moving end is engaged with the bottom surface of the circular plate at the top of the pressure rod.

9. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The condenser tube is clamped and fixed inside the collection tank. A sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the condenser tube, and a rotating frame is also fitted on the outside of the condenser tube. The spiral scraper is heat-fused between the sleeve and the rotating frame.

10. The high-efficiency separation device for nervonic acid in garlic fruit oil based on molecular distillation technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: The transmission tube is heat-fused to the top surface of the sleeve, and the upper and lower sides of the protrusion extension end are provided with arc-shaped chamfers. The two ends of the second spring are respectively attached to the groove and the protrusion on the inner wall of the transmission tube.

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