Bearing clamping device and method of use

Abstract

This invention relates to a bearing clamping device and its usage method, belonging to the field of bearing assembly and measurement. The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of limited versatility in bearing clamping during inspection, and the eccentricity of the inner and outer rings during clamping, which fails to meet the requirements of precision testing. The bearing clamping device includes a chassis support module, a gear drive module, and a symmetrical jaw module. The symmetrical jaw module is mounted on the chassis support module and is used to clamp the bearing. The gear drive module is mounted on the symmetrical jaw module and drives the symmetrical jaw module to clamp and disassemble the bearing. The symmetrical jaw module is used to center the inner and outer rings of the bearing, ensuring their concentricity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a clamping device and its usage method, specifically to a bearing clamping device and its usage method. This invention belongs to the field of bearing assembly measurement. Background Technology

[0002] In the high-parameter testing process of precision bearing assembly, the concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing is the core parameter that determines the accuracy of the measurement benchmark. Its accuracy directly affects the benchmark stability of the entire testing process and is a core prerequisite for ensuring high reliability and accuracy of the test results. If there is a deviation in concentricity, it will cause all subsequent assembly parameter test data to be distorted, which will not provide effective support for the assembly quality control of precision bearings. In severe cases, it will also affect the subsequent assembly accuracy and performance of the bearing.

[0003] Currently, in the process of high-parameter testing of precision bearing assembly, the industry commonly uses conventional clamping devices such as three-jaw chucks to position and clamp the bearings to establish a testing benchmark. However, these conventional clamping devices have many key drawbacks in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the high-precision requirements of high-parameter testing of precision bearing assembly. Specific drawbacks are as follows:

[0004] 1. Single ring constraint defects: Existing conventional clamping devices can only clamp and position the outer or inner ring of the bearing on one side, and cannot simultaneously constrain the inner and outer rings of the bearing. This makes it difficult to effectively limit the relative displacement between the inner and outer rings, which can easily lead to eccentricity between the inner and outer rings of the bearing. This can introduce measurement reference deviation, undermine the accuracy of the detection reference, and affect the reliability of subsequent test results.

[0005] 2. Insufficient centering accuracy: Conventional three-jaw chucks have poor jaw synchronization. During the clamping process, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of movement of each jaw, which can easily cause the bearing rings to be misaligned, axially displaced, or radially offset. This results in a large error in the concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, which cannot meet the centering accuracy requirements for high-parameter testing of precision bearing assembly and cannot meet the actual needs of high-precision testing.

[0006] 3. Limited versatility and adaptability: Conventional clamping devices have a fixed structure, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to different models and sizes of bearing inner and outer rings, resulting in a narrow range of applications. At the same time, the clamping force distribution is uneven, which can easily cause local stress concentration on the bearing rings during clamping, leading to plastic or elastic deformation of the rings. This affects the structural accuracy of the bearing itself, further interfering with the authenticity of the test results and failing to provide a reliable basis for accurate assessment of the assembly quality of precision bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of limited versatility of bearing clamping in the prior art, the eccentricity of the inner and outer rings during clamping, and the inability to meet the requirements of precision testing, and to provide a bearing clamping device and a method of use.

[0008] The present invention solves the above problems through the following:

[0009] A bearing clamping device includes a chassis support module, a gear drive module, and a symmetrical jaw module;

[0010] The symmetrical jaw module is mounted on the chassis support module and is used to clamp the bearing. The gear drive module is mounted on the symmetrical jaw module and drives the symmetrical jaw module to clamp and disassemble the bearing. The symmetrical jaw module is used to center the inner and outer rings of the bearing to ensure the concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the chassis support module includes a chassis and a set of guide rails; the set of guide rails is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the chassis, and the set of guide rails includes three guide rails; the three guide rails are arranged in an equilateral triangle.

[0012] Furthermore, the symmetrical jaw module includes a radial guide rail and three jaws, with the three jaws mounted on the chassis support module and the radial guide rail mounted on the chassis support module.

[0013] Furthermore, each guide rail is equipped with a corresponding gripper that moves along the guide rail, and the gear drive module drives the gripper to slide on the guide rail.

[0014] Each jaw includes a jaw base, two jaw tops, and two jaw middles;

[0015] The bottom end of the chuck is machined with a guide groove that slides along the length of the guide rail, and the guide groove at the bottom of the chuck slides in conjunction with the guide rail. The top end of the bottom of the chuck is symmetrically machined with multiple oblique grooves, and the bottom end of the middle of each chuck is machined with multiple oblique protrusions. The middle parts of two chucks are symmetrically arranged on the bottom of the chuck, and the oblique protrusions in the middle of each chuck are matched with the oblique grooves at the top end of the bottom of the chuck. The middle parts of the two chucks on the bottom of each chuck are inserted into two parallel guide rods on the radial guide rail. The radial guide rail, in conjunction with the oblique grooves symmetrically arranged at the top end of the bottom of the chuck, drives the middle parts of the two chucks to move synchronously towards each other or synchronously away from each other on the bottom of the chuck. A chuck top is installed at the top end of the middle of each chuck, and a clamping area is formed between the two chuck tops.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner side of the top of one jaw on each gripper is machined with a curved surface that mates with the outer circular surface of the bearing outer ring, for contact with the outer circular surface of the bearing outer ring. The inner side of the top of the other jaw on the gripper is machined with a curved surface that mates with the inner circular surface of the bearing inner ring, for contact with the inner circular surface of the bearing inner ring. The bearing is clamped by the tops of the two jaws.

[0017] Furthermore, the gear drive module is a central gear with teeth on its outer cylindrical surface.

[0018] Furthermore, teeth are machined along the length of one side of the bottom of each jaw, and a central gear is positioned between the three jaws, with the teeth on the central gear meshing with the teeth on the bottom of the three jaws.

[0019] A method of using a bearing clamping device, the method being implemented according to the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Initial state: With the jaws in the open position, place the bearing to be tested on the three jaws, aligning the inner and outer rings of the bearing with the clamping areas at the top of the corresponding jaws.

[0021] Step 2: Power input: Drive the central gear to rotate, the central gear meshes with the bottom of the three jaws, and drives the bottom of the three sets of jaws to move synchronously in a straight line along the guide rail 2;

[0022] Step 3: Motion Conversion: The inclined groove at the upper end of the bottom of the chuck engages with the inclined protrusion at the bottom of the middle of the chuck. At the same time, combined with the radial guide rail restricting the movement direction of the middle of the chuck, the linear motion of the bottom of the chuck is converted into the radial motion of the middle of the chuck when it is transmitted to the middle of the chuck. Furthermore, the two inclined groove areas at the upper end of the bottom of the chuck are mirror symmetrical to each other, and the middle parts of the two engaging chucks are also mirror symmetrical to each other, so that the two middle parts of the corresponding chucks at the bottom of each chuck move closer together in opposite directions.

[0023] Step 4: Centering and clamping: The top of the jaw moves synchronously with the middle of the jaw, applying uniform radial clamping force to the inner and outer rings of the bearing respectively. Through the synchronous constraint of the three sets of symmetrical jaws, the inner and outer rings are automatically centered, ensuring their concentricity.

[0024] Step 5: Inspection Completed: After the inspection is completed, the reverse drive center gear rotates, the chucks open in sequence, the bearing under test is removed, and one clamping process is completed.

[0025] Furthermore, in step two, the rotation of the central gear is achieved either manually or by motor drive.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0027] 1. This application uses three sets of symmetrical jaws for bidirectional radial constraint to synchronously center and clamp the inner and outer rings of the bearing, effectively avoiding the eccentricity problem caused by the single ring constraint of traditional devices, making the inner and outer rings concentric and providing a reliable benchmark for precision testing.

[0028] 2. The top 4 of the chuck in this application can be replaced with a curved surface structure with a corresponding curvature according to the inner and outer ring dimensions of different bearing models. The bottom 6 of the chuck can be replaced with other sizes or designed with a telescopic structure according to the size of the bearing to be tested. There is no need to replace the entire device, which greatly improves the applicability of the device.

[0029] 3. The gear drive mechanism of this application realizes the synchronous movement of three sets of jaws, which is easy to operate and can quickly complete clamping and disassembly. The clamping time of a single piece is greatly shortened. It can be driven manually or by motor to provide power source, which significantly improves the working efficiency and on-site work adaptability of precision bearing testing.

[0030] 4. The dual path constraint of the guide rail 2 and the central rail of the chuck ensures the accuracy and consistency of the chuck movement. The device has good overall rigidity, no risk of jamming or loosening, and can operate stably in industrial testing scenarios for a long time.

[0031] 5. This application achieves synchronous radial centering clamping of the inner and outer rings of the bearing through a modular symmetrical jaw structure and gear drive mechanism. This application solves the eccentricity problem caused by the single-ring constraint of traditional devices, ensuring high concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing; it improves clamping stability and versatility, and adapts to the precision testing needs of multiple bearing models; the core of this patent invention is that through three sets of symmetrical jaws, the bottom of each set of jaws drives the middle part 5 of two jaws and the top 4 of the jaws to move in opposite radial directions, respectively, to perform bidirectional synchronous centering clamping of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, so that the inner and outer rings are each radially centered and constrained, thereby maintaining coaxiality during the clamping process and avoiding eccentricity.

[0032] 6. This application achieves full-dimensional adaptation and non-destructive clamping through structural design: flexible compatibility with multiple sizes: based on the linear drive principle of gears and teeth, the three jaws can adaptively adjust the clamping position according to the actual size of the inner and outer rings of the bearing. It can adapt to different models and different outer / inner diameter precision bearings without changing the fixture, which greatly expands the application range of the testing device and reduces the equipment procurement and maintenance costs of enterprises.

[0033] Uniform clamping prevents deformation: The three-point distribution structure of the equilateral triangle ensures that the clamping force is applied evenly to the circumference of the bearing ring, avoiding the local stress concentration caused by the single point and line contact of traditional chucks. This effectively prevents elastic deformation or plastic deformation of the ring, truly restores the structural precision of the bearing itself, and ensures that the test data can accurately reflect the actual assembly parameters of the bearing.

[0034] 7. This application balances precision and adaptability, while significantly improving ease of operation and workflow continuity: Automated drive simplifies operation: By using gears to drive the linear motion of the rack and pinion, the three grippers open and close synchronously. Compared to the traditional three-jaw chuck, which requires manual fine-tuning and step-by-step clamping, this greatly simplifies the clamping process, shortens the clamping time for a single bearing, and meets the high-efficiency requirements of precision testing production lines. Stable positioning reduces rework: The dual guarantee of synchronous centering of the dual grippers and equilateral triangular positioning eliminates the need for repeated calibration after bearing clamping, avoiding rework caused by reference deviations, improving the overall efficiency of the testing process, and reducing secondary damage to the bearing rings caused by operational errors. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is the main structural view of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bottom 6 of the chuck claw;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the middle part 5 of the chuck;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top 4 of the chuck;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of guide track 2;

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of radial guide rail 7;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a bearing clamping device. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Specific implementation method one, combined with Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment describes a bearing clamping device, which includes a chassis support module, a gear drive module, and a symmetrical jaw module.

[0045] The symmetrical jaw module is mounted on the chassis support module and is used to clamp the bearing. The gear drive module is mounted on the symmetrical jaw module and drives the symmetrical jaw module to clamp and disassemble the bearing. The symmetrical jaw module is used to center the inner and outer rings of the bearing to ensure the concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

[0046] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the chassis support module includes a chassis 1 and a set of guide rails; the set of guide rails is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the chassis 1, and the set of guide rails includes three guide rails 2; the three guide rails 2 are arranged in an equilateral triangle.

[0047] In this embodiment, the guide rail 2 has limit protrusions at both ends, which are used to limit the movement position of the gripper.

[0048] Combination Figures 1 to 3 The symmetrical jaw module shown includes a radial guide rail 7 and three jaws. The three jaws are mounted on the chassis support module, and the radial guide rail 7 is mounted on the chassis support module. The bearing is clamped and fixed by the three jaws. The radial guide rail 7 includes an annular body, a circular plate, multiple legs, and three sets of parallel guide rods. Each set of parallel guide rods includes two parallel guide rods. The annular body is sleeved on the circular plate, and the annular body and the circular plate are connected and fixed by six guide rods. The annular body is mounted on the chassis 1 by multiple legs.

[0049] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, each guide rail 2 is provided with a corresponding gripper that moves along the guide rail 2, and the gear drive module drives the gripper to slide on the guide rail 2.

[0050] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown, each gripper includes a gripper bottom 6, two gripper tops 4, and two gripper middles 5;

[0051] The bottom end of the jaw 6 is machined with a guide groove that slides along the length of the guide rail 2, and the guide groove of the jaw 6 is slidably engaged with the guide rail 2. The top end of the jaw 6 is symmetrically machined with multiple oblique grooves, and the bottom end of the middle part 5 of each jaw is machined with multiple oblique protrusions. The middle parts 5 of two jaws are symmetrically arranged on the jaw 6, and the oblique protrusions of each middle part 5 are engaged with the oblique grooves at the top end of the jaw 6. The two middle parts 5 of each jaw 6 are inserted into two parallel guide rods on the radial guide rail 7. The radial guide rail 7, in conjunction with the oblique grooves symmetrically arranged at the top end of the jaw 6, drives the two middle parts 5 of the jaws to move synchronously towards each other or synchronously away from each other on the jaw 6. A jaw top 4 is installed at the top end of each middle part 5, and a clamping area is formed between the two jaw top 4s.

[0052] In this embodiment, the two parallel guide rods of the radial guide rail 7 enable the middle parts 5 of the two jaws to move synchronously along the length of the lower guide rail 2, thereby achieving bidirectional centering and clamping of the bearing inner and outer rings.

[0053] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the inner side of the top 4 of one jaw on each gripper is machined with a curved surface that mates with the outer circular surface of the bearing outer ring, for contact with the outer circular surface of the bearing outer ring. The inner side of the top 4 of the other jaw on the gripper is machined with a curved surface that mates with the inner circular surface of the bearing inner ring, for contact with the inner circular surface of the bearing inner ring. The bearing is clamped by the two jaws. The jaw top 4 adopts a high-friction coefficient curved surface design, with uniform contact area with the bearing ring and balanced clamping force distribution, which can prevent the bearing from shifting or deviating during clamping or testing, and improve the repeatability of measurement data.

[0054] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the gear drive module is a central gear 3 with teeth on its outer circular surface.

[0055] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, teeth are machined on one side of the bottom 6 of each jaw along the length direction. The central gear 3 is disposed between the three jaws, and the teeth on the central gear 3 mesh with the teeth on the bottom 6 of the three jaws.

[0056] In this embodiment, the three guide rails 2 are positioned in an equilateral triangle, with the error approaching zero. The bottom 6 of the three jaws are also set in an equilateral triangle. With the precise drive of the gears, the synchronous movement and uniform force of the three jaws can be guaranteed, so that the bearing rings are not skewed or displaced during clamping. The concentricity error is strictly controlled within the micron-level range required for precision testing, which completely solves the problem of insufficient centering accuracy of traditional jaws and provides a core guarantee for the authenticity and reliability of the test results.

[0057] Specific implementation method two, combined with Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment describes a method of using a bearing clamping device, which is implemented according to the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Initial state: The jaws are in the open position. Place the bearing to be tested on the three jaws, and align the inner and outer rings of the bearing with the clamping areas of the top 4 of the corresponding jaws.

[0059] Step 2: Power input: Drive the central gear 3 to rotate, the central gear 3 meshes with the bottom 6 of the three jaws, and drives the bottom 6 of the three sets of jaws to move synchronously in a straight line along the guide rail 2;

[0060] Step 3: Motion Conversion: The inclined groove at the upper end of the bottom 6 of the jaw engages with the inclined protrusion at the bottom of the middle 5 of the jaw. At the same time, combined with the radial guide rail 7 restricting the movement direction of the middle 5 of the jaw, the linear motion of the bottom 6 of the jaw is converted into the radial motion of the middle 5 of the jaw when it is transmitted to the middle 5 of the jaw. The two inclined groove areas at the upper end of the bottom 6 of the jaw are mirror symmetrical to each other, and the two middle 5 of the jaw that are engaged are also mirror symmetrical to each other, so that the two middle 5 of the jaw corresponding to each bottom 6 of the jaw move closer together in opposite directions.

[0061] Step 4: Centering and clamping: The top 4 of the jaw moves synchronously with the middle 5 of the jaw, applying uniform radial clamping force to the inner and outer rings of the bearing respectively. Through the synchronous constraint of the three sets of symmetrical jaws, the inner and outer rings are automatically centered to ensure their concentricity.

[0062] Step 5: Inspection Completed: After the inspection is completed, the reverse drive center gear 3 rotates, the chucks open in sequence, the bearing under test is removed, and one clamping process is completed.

[0063] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rotation of the central gear 3 in step two can be achieved manually or by motor drive.

Claims

1. A bearing clamping device, characterized in that: It includes a chassis support module, a gear drive module, and a symmetrical chuck module; The symmetrical jaw module is mounted on the chassis support module and is used to clamp the bearing. The gear drive module is mounted on the symmetrical jaw module and drives the symmetrical jaw module to clamp and disassemble the bearing. The symmetrical jaw module is used to center the inner and outer rings of the bearing to ensure the concentricity of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

2. The bearing clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis support module includes a chassis (1) and a set of guide rails; the set of guide rails is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the chassis (1), and the set of guide rails includes three guide rails (2); the three guide rails (2) are arranged in an equilateral triangle.

3. The bearing clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The symmetrical jaw module includes a radial guide rail (7) and three jaws. The three jaws are set on the chassis support module, and the radial guide rail (7) is installed on the chassis support module.

4. A bearing clamping device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Each guide rail (2) is provided with a corresponding gripper that moves along the guide rail (2), and the gear drive module drives the gripper to slide on the guide rail (2).

5. The bearing clamping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each jaw includes a jaw bottom (6), two jaw tops (4) and two jaw middles (5); The bottom end of the jaw (6) is machined with a guide groove that slides along the length of the guide rail (2), and the guide groove of the jaw (6) is slidably fitted with the guide rail (2). The top end of the jaw (6) is symmetrically machined with multiple oblique grooves. The bottom end of the middle part (5) of each jaw is machined with multiple oblique protrusions. The middle parts (5) of two jaws are symmetrically arranged on the jaw (6), and the oblique protrusion of the middle part (5) of each jaw is fitted with the oblique groove at the top end of the jaw (6). The two middle parts (5) of each jaw are inserted into two parallel guide rods on the radial guide rail (7). The radial guide rail (7) and the oblique grooves symmetrically arranged at the top end of the jaw (6) drive the two middle parts (5) of the jaw to move synchronously towards each other or synchronously away from each other on the jaw (6). A jaw top (4) is installed at the top end of each middle part (5), and a clamping area is formed between the two jaw tops (4).

6. The bearing clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the top of one jaw (4) on each jaw is machined with a curved surface that mates with the outer circular surface of the bearing outer ring, and is used to contact the outer circular surface of the bearing outer ring. The inner side of the top of the other jaw (4) on the jaw is machined with a curved surface that mates with the inner circular surface of the bearing inner ring, and is used to contact the inner circular surface of the bearing inner ring. The bearing is clamped by the tops of the two jaws (4).

7. The bearing clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear drive module is a central gear with teeth on its outer circular surface (3).

8. A bearing clamping device according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: The bottom (6) of each jaw has teeth machined along its length on one side. The central gear (3) is positioned between the three jaws, and the teeth on the central gear (3) mesh with the teeth on the bottom (6) of the three jaws.

9. A method of using a bearing clamping device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Initial state: The jaws are in the open position. Place the bearing to be tested on the three jaws, so that the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing are aligned with the clamping area of ​​the top (4) of the corresponding jaws. Step 2: Power input: Drive the central gear (3) to rotate, and the central gear (3) meshes with the bottom of the three jaws (6), driving the bottom of the three sets of jaws (6) to move synchronously in a straight line along the guide rail (2); Step 3: Motion conversion: The inclined groove at the upper end of the bottom (6) of the chuck engages with the inclined protrusion at the bottom of the middle (5) of the chuck. At the same time, combined with the radial guide rail (7) restricting the movement direction of the middle (5) of the chuck, the linear motion of the bottom (6) of the chuck is converted into the radial motion of the middle (5) of the chuck when it is transmitted to the middle (5). The two inclined groove areas at the upper end of the bottom (6) of the chuck are mirror symmetrical to each other, and the two middle (5) of the chuck that are engaged are also mirror symmetrical to each other, so that the two middle (5) of the chuck corresponding to the bottom (6) of each chuck move closer together in opposite directions. Step 4: Centering and clamping: The top (4) of the jaw moves synchronously with the middle (5) of the jaw, applying uniform radial clamping force to the inner and outer rings of the bearing respectively. Through the synchronous constraint of the three sets of symmetrical jaws, the inner and outer rings are automatically centered to ensure their concentricity. Step 5: Inspection completed: After the inspection is completed, the reverse drive center gear (3) rotates, the chucks open in sequence, the bearing under test is taken out, and one clamping process is completed.

10. The method of using the bearing clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step two, the rotation of the central gear (3) can be done manually or by motor drive.

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