Cutting fluid special for magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metalworking fluid technology, specifically disclosing a special cutting fluid for magnesium alloys and its preparation method. The cutting fluid is formulated from organic alcohol amines, water-based extreme pressure lubricants, graphite emulsions, base oils, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, additives, and water in a specific ratio. The synergistic effect of its components effectively meets the various requirements of magnesium alloy machining, exhibiting excellent lubricity, corrosion resistance, rust prevention, and cleaning ability. The workpiece surface remains clean after machining, eliminating the need for additional cleaning procedures. Furthermore, the formulation uses low-toxicity or non-toxic, biodegradable raw materials, contains no toxic or harmful additives, is non-flammable, has no flash point, and is safe and environmentally friendly. The process is simple, cost-effective, and can be diluted for use, offering high cost-effectiveness. It effectively solves the problems of combustion and explosion risks, corrosion, and cleaning difficulties in existing magnesium alloy cutting processes, and is suitable for magnesium alloy cutting in aerospace, transportation, electronics, and communications fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting fluid technology, specifically to a cutting fluid for magnesium alloys and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Magnesium alloys are the lightest metallic structural materials used in practical applications. Due to their unique advantages in density and strength, they have broad application prospects in defense fields such as aerospace and aviation, as well as civilian fields such as transportation, electronics, and communications, and have become a research hotspot in the field of structural materials. However, the extremely reactive nature of magnesium makes machining magnesium alloys challenging and poses significant safety hazards. Magnesium alloys are highly susceptible to oxidation and combustion during dry machining, and the high concentration of magnesium powder produced during processing can even cause explosions in enclosed workshops, making the machining process extremely dangerous.

[0003] Workpieces machined using non-water-soluble cutting oils present challenges in several ways. First, the heavy oil stains make thorough cleaning difficult, and the complex cleaning process complicates subsequent cleaning steps. Second, both magnesium alloys and cutting oils are flammable materials, posing a fire hazard to safe production.

[0004] However, machining magnesium alloys also presents some challenges. For example, magnesium alloys are prone to problems such as chip sticking to the cutting tool and explosions during machining. Additionally, magnesium alloys have poor corrosion resistance, requiring protective measures during processing. Therefore, suitable cutting fluids are crucial for machining magnesium alloys.

[0005] Therefore, the research and development of novel cutting fluids suitable for magnesium alloy machining has significant theoretical and practical value. With continuous technological advancements and increasingly stringent environmental requirements, higher demands are being placed on the performance and safety of cutting fluids. In light of this, it is indeed necessary to develop a dedicated cutting fluid for magnesium alloys. However, in dyeing and finishing processes, the fluid is prone to rapid loss during washing, leading to a decline in the long-term functionality of textiles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a special cutting fluid for magnesium alloys and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution: This invention provides a cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage: Organic alcohol amines 5-15% Water-based extreme pressure lubricant 10-30% Graphite emulsion 5-10% Base oil 20-40% Rust inhibitor 5-15% Corrosion inhibitor 5-10% Emulsifier 10-25% Additives 1-5% Water balance.

[0008] Preferably, the organic alcohol amine is one or a mixture of several of AMP-95, YT-99, triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, and LSC 205.

[0009] Preferably, the aqueous lubricant is one or a mixture of several of EL20 (castor oil polyoxyethylene ether), LB608 (polyether ester), and LP-700 (phosphate ester).

[0010] Preferably, the graphite emulsion is prepared in-house, and the preparation method is as follows: PVP is dissolved in water at a mass ratio of 10-50:100, then graphite powder is dissolved in the PVP aqueous solution, and 0.5-3% of PEG55000 is added. Finally, the mixture is stirred for 60-180 minutes using a shear emulsifying mixer, allowed to stand for 24 hours for solid-liquid separation, and the liquid phase is collected for later use.

[0011] Preferably, the base oil is one or a mixture of several of the following: 32# white oil, 15# white oil, KN22, KN30, and 150SN.

[0012] Preferably, the rust inhibitor is one or a mixture of several of zinc naphthenate, lanolin, barium petroleum sulfonate, dodecenyl succinic acid, barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and low-alkalinity synthetic calcium sulfonate (T104).

[0013] Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is one or a mixture of several of XP519 (organic waterborne aluminum-magnesium corrosion inhibitor), 817 (siloxane), CP-NF-12 (magnesium alloy protectant), ASI-80 (phosphonate), BTA (benzotriazole), and TTA (methylbenzotriazole).

[0014] Preferably, the emulsifier is one or a mixture of several of AEO-4, AEO-9, 310B, S-80, and T-80.

[0015] Preferably, the additive is one or a mixture of several of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ISALCEM 145, IPBC30, BIT, and MIT.

[0016] This invention provides a method for preparing a cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, comprising the following steps: (1) Weigh each component raw material according to the formula ratio; (2) Add the base oil to the mixing tank, and add the organic alcohol amine, water-based extreme pressure lubricant, rust inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, emulsifier and additive in sequence at 30-50℃ and 300-500r / min. Stir for 30-60min to obtain a mixed oil phase. (3) Add the self-made graphite emulsion to the above mixed oil phase and continue stirring for 20-40 min at 30-50℃ and 300-500 r / min; (4) While stirring, slowly add the remaining water, heat to 50-60℃, increase the stirring speed to 600-800r / min, and stir for 60-90min to make the system fully emulsified and uniform. (5) Cool to room temperature, filter, and obtain magnesium alloy special cutting fluid filament.

[0017] Organic alcohol amines: play a role in adjusting pH value, enhancing system stability and lubrication synergy. One or more of AMP-95, YT-99, triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, and LSC 205 are selected, with a mass percentage of 5-15%, preferably 8-12%. At this ratio, the pH of the system can be stabilized, and it can also synergistically improve the overall performance of the cutting fluid with other components.

[0018] Water-based extreme pressure lubricant: Provides excellent extreme pressure lubrication performance, reduces friction and wear during cutting, and prevents chips from sticking to the cutting tool. It is made of one or more of EL20 (castor oil polyoxyethylene ether), LB608 (polyether ester), and LP-700 (phosphate ester), with a mass percentage of 10-30%, preferably 15-25%. The proportion can be adjusted according to the severity of the processing conditions.

[0019] Graphite emulsion: As a solid lubricant, it further enhances the lubrication performance of cutting fluids and strengthens their cleaning ability. It is prepared in-house using the following method: PVP is dissolved in water (PVP to water mass ratio of 10-50:100), then graphite powder is dissolved in the PVP aqueous solution. Next, 0.5-3% PEG55000 is added, and the mixture is stirred using a shear emulsifier for 60-180 minutes. After standing for 24 hours, solid-liquid separation is achieved, and the liquid phase is collected for later use. The preferred PVP to water mass ratio is 20-40:100, the PEG55000 addition is 1-2%, and the stirring time is 90-150 minutes. Under these conditions, the graphite emulsion exhibits good dispersibility, high stability, and superior lubrication and cleaning effects. The mass percentage of the graphite emulsion is 5-10%, preferably 6-9%.

[0020] Base oil: Provides basic lubrication performance. It is selected from one or more of 32# white oil, 15# white oil, KN22, KN30, and 150SN, with a mass percentage of 20-40%, preferably 25-35%. This ratio can balance lubrication performance and system fluidity.

[0021] Rust inhibitor: To prevent magnesium alloy workpieces and machine tools from rusting during processing, one or a mixture of several of the following are selected: zinc naphthenate, lanolin, barium petroleum sulfonate, dodecenyl succinic acid, barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and low-alkalinity synthetic calcium sulfonate (T104). The mass percentage is 5-15%, preferably 8-12%, which can effectively meet the rust prevention requirements between processes.

[0022] Corrosion inhibitors: Targeting the characteristics of magnesium alloys, to inhibit the corrosion of magnesium alloys by cutting fluid, one or a mixture of several of the following are selected: XP519 (organic water-based aluminum-magnesium corrosion inhibitor), 817 (siloxane ketone), CP-NF-12 (magnesium alloy protectant), ASI-80 (phosphonate ester), BTA (benzotriazole), and TTA (methylbenzotriazole), with a mass percentage of 5-10%, preferably 6-8%, which can significantly improve the corrosion inhibition ability of cutting fluid on magnesium alloys.

[0023] Emulsifier: to fully emulsify the oil phase and water phase to form a stable emulsion system. Select one or a mixture of several of AEO-4, AEO-9, 310B, S-80, and T-80, with a mass percentage of 10-25%, preferably 15-20%, to ensure that the cutting fluid does not separate or demulsify during storage and use.

[0024] Additives: to improve the overall performance of cutting fluid such as stability and antibacterial properties, selected from one or a mixture of several of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ISALCHEM145, IPBC30, BIT, and MIT, with a mass percentage of 1-5%, preferably 2-4%.

[0025] Water: As a dispersion medium, it adjusts the concentration of the cutting fluid. The excess water can be added at an appropriate ratio to dilute the fluid according to actual usage requirements.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The cutting fluid formula of this invention is scientifically sound and reasonable, with each component working synergistically to provide excellent lubrication performance. Through the combination of water-based extreme pressure lubricant and graphite emulsion, it can effectively reduce friction and wear during magnesium alloy cutting, prevent chip sticking to the tool, and meet various processing requirements of magnesium alloys. At the same time, it has good cleaning ability, leaving the workpiece surface clean and refreshing after processing, eliminating the need for additional post-cleaning processes and improving processing efficiency.

[0027] This cutting fluid has a strong ability to inhibit the corrosion of magnesium alloys. The corrosion inhibitor and rust inhibitor work together to not only effectively protect magnesium alloy workpieces from corrosion, but also meet the rust prevention requirements between processes. It will not corrode machine tool equipment and will extend the service life of the machine tool.

[0028] The formula is made from low-toxicity or non-toxic raw materials, which has little irritation to the body of operators; the product is a water-based emulsion, which is non-flammable and has no flash point, completely solving the risk of combustion and explosion when traditional oil-based cutting fluids coexist with magnesium alloys, and significantly improving safety.

[0029] The cutting fluid uses a biodegradable and environmentally friendly formula, and is free of sulfur, chlorine, boron, phenol, formaldehyde and its releases, as well as toxic and harmful additives such as antimony, arsenic, and cadmium. The waste liquid is low in toxicity, easy to treat, meets environmental protection requirements, and helps achieve the "dual carbon" goal.

[0030] The preparation process is simple, requiring no complex equipment or harsh conditions, and the production process has low energy consumption and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the testing principle of the ring friction test. Figure 2 The graph shows the test results of friction area for Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] This embodiment of a cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: Organic alcohol amines 5-15% Water-based extreme pressure lubricant 10-30% Graphite emulsion 5-10% Base oil 20-40% Rust inhibitor 5-15% Corrosion inhibitor 5-10% Emulsifier 10-25% Additives 1-5% Water balance.

[0034] The organic alcohol amine in this embodiment is one or a mixture of several of AMP-95, YT-99, triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, and LSC 205.

[0035] The water-based lubricant in this embodiment is one or a mixture of several of EL20 (castor oil polyoxyethylene ether), LB608 (polyether ester), and LP-700 (phosphate ester).

[0036] The graphite emulsion in this embodiment is self-made, and the preparation method is as follows: PVP is dissolved in water, and the mass ratio of PVP to water is 10-50:100. Then, graphite powder is dissolved in the PVP aqueous solution, and 0.5-3% of PEG55000 is added. Finally, the mixture is stirred with a shear emulsifying mixer for 60-180 min, allowed to stand for 24 h for solid-liquid separation, and the liquid phase is collected for later use.

[0037] The base oil in this embodiment is one or a mixture of several of the following: 32# white oil, 15# white oil, KN22, KN30, and 150SN.

[0038] The rust inhibitor in this embodiment is one or a mixture of several of the following: zinc naphthenate, lanolin, barium petroleum sulfonate, dodecenyl succinic acid, barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and low-alkalinity synthetic calcium sulfonate (T104).

[0039] The corrosion inhibitor in this embodiment is one or a mixture of several of the following: XP519 (organic waterborne aluminum-magnesium corrosion inhibitor), 817 (siloxane), CP-NF-12 (magnesium alloy protectant), ASI-80 (phosphonate ester), BTA (benzotriazole), and TTA (methylbenzotriazole).

[0040] The emulsifier in this embodiment is one or a mixture of several of AEO-4, AEO-9, 310B, S-80, and T-80.

[0041] The additives in this embodiment are one or a mixture of several of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ISALCEM 145, IPBC30, BIT, and MIT.

[0042] This embodiment describes a method for preparing a cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, comprising the following steps: (1) Weigh each component raw material according to the formula ratio; (2) Add the base oil to the mixing tank, and add the organic alcohol amine, water-based extreme pressure lubricant, rust inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, emulsifier and additive in sequence at 30-50℃ and 300-500r / min. Stir for 30-60min to obtain a mixed oil phase. (3) Add the self-made graphite emulsion to the above mixed oil phase and continue stirring for 20-40 min at 30-50℃ and 300-500 r / min; (4) While stirring, slowly add the remaining water, heat to 50-60℃, increase the stirring speed to 600-800r / min, and stir for 60-90min to make the system fully emulsified and uniform. (5) Cool to room temperature, filter, and obtain magnesium alloy special cutting fluid filament.

[0043] Graphite emulsion preparation Weigh out PVP and water and mix them at a mass ratio of 30:100. Stir until the PVP is completely dissolved. Then add an appropriate amount of graphite powder and stir evenly. Add 1.5% PEG55000 and put the mixture into a shear emulsifying mixer. Stir for 120 minutes and let it stand for 24 hours. Then perform solid-liquid separation, collect the liquid phase, and obtain the graphite emulsion for later use.

[0044] Example 1 A cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, comprising the following components by mass percentage: triethanolamine 6%, AMP-95 5%, barium petroleum sulfonate 6%, graphite emulsion 8%, LP-700 5%, KN30 35%, CP-NF-12 2%, ASI-80 1.5%, benzotriazole 0.3%, AEO-4 8%, 310B 5%, S-80 6%, IPBC30 0.5%, BIT 1%, MIT 1%, with water as the balance.

[0045] Preparation method: (1) Weigh each component raw material according to the above proportion; (2) Add KN30 to the stirring tank, control the temperature at 40℃ and the stirring speed at 400r / min, and add triethanolamine, AMP-95, LP-700, barium petroleum sulfonate, CP-NF-12, ASI-80, benzotriazole, AEO-4, 310B, S-80, IPBC30, BIT, and MIT in sequence, and stir for 45min to obtain a mixed oil phase; (3) Add the reserved graphite emulsion, keep the temperature at 40℃ and the stirring speed at 400r / min, and continue stirring for 30min; (4) Slowly add the remaining water, raise the temperature to 55℃, increase the stirring speed to 700r / min, and stir for 75min; (5) Cool to room temperature, filter, and obtain magnesium alloy special cutting fluid.

[0046] Example 2 A cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, comprising the following components by mass percentage: triethanolamine 6%, AMP-95 5%, barium petroleum sulfonate 6%, graphite emulsion 5%, LP-700 5%, LB608 3%, KN30 35%, XP519 2%, ASI-80 1.5%, benzotriazole 0.3%, AEO-4 8%, 310B 5%, S-80 6%, IPBC30 0.5%, BIT 1%, MIT 1%, with water as the balance.

[0047] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Example 3 A cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, comprising the following components by mass percentage: triethanolamine 6%, AMP-95 5%, barium petroleum sulfonate 6%, EL20 5%, LP-700 5%, LB608 3%, KN30 35%, 817 2%, ASI-80 1.5%, benzotriazole 0.3%, AEO-4 8%, 310B 5%, S-80 6%, IPBC30 0.5%, BIT 1%, MIT 1%, with water as the balance.

[0049] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0050] Performance testing To verify the performance of the cutting fluid of this invention, two representative magnesium alloy cutting fluids from the market were selected as comparative examples: Comparative Example 1: Base oil type (Basso BC37MG original water-based cutting fluid); Comparative Example 2: Fully synthetic base oil-free type (Aisen ES-853 magnesium alloy fully synthetic cutting fluid).

[0051] Corrosion tests and lubrication tests were conducted on Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The test methods and results are as follows: Corrosion tests were conducted according to GB / T6144, with a test temperature of 55℃±2℃. The tested materials were magnesium alloys ZM5, MB15, and AZ91E. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Corrosion Test Results As shown in Table 1, Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present invention all showed Grade A in the corrosion tests at 4h and 8h, indicating that they can effectively protect magnesium alloys in the short term. However, in the long-term corrosion tests at 12h and 24h, Example 1 still maintained Grade A, showing the best corrosion inhibition effect, Examples 2-3 were Grade B, while Comparative Examples 1-2 dropped to Grade C. This indicates that the cutting fluid of the present invention has significantly better long-term corrosion protection performance for magnesium alloys than existing products.

[0053] The lubrication test employed a ring friction test, using a friction testing machine to measure the friction area of ​​the contact parts. A smaller friction area indicates better lubrication performance. The test specimens were made of 45# carbon steel, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2. Friction Area Test Results As shown in Table 2, the friction area of ​​Examples 1-3 of the present invention is less than or equal to that of Comparative Example 1, and much smaller than that of Comparative Example 2. Among them, the friction area of ​​Example 1 is the smallest, only 1.6 mm², which indicates that the cutting fluid of the present invention has excellent extreme pressure lubrication performance and can effectively reduce friction loss during the cutting process, which is superior to existing market products.

[0055] In summary, the magnesium alloy-specific cutting fluid of the present invention exhibits outstanding performance in key aspects such as corrosion prevention and lubrication. It is also safe, environmentally friendly, simple to process, and low in cost, demonstrating significant advantages and broad application prospects.

[0056] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A cutting fluid specifically for magnesium alloys, characterized in that, Including the following raw materials by weight percentage: Organic alcohol amines 5-15% Water-based extreme pressure lubricant 10-30% Graphite emulsion 5-10% Base oil 20-40% Rust inhibitor 5-15% Corrosion inhibitor 5-10% Emulsifier 10-25% Additives 1-5% Water balance.

2. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic alcohol amine is one or a mixture of several of AMP-95, YT-99, triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, and LSC 205.

3. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-based lubricant is one or a mixture of several of EL20 (castor oil polyoxyethylene ether), LB608 (polyether ester), and LP-700 (phosphate ester).

4. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphite emulsion is prepared in-house using the following method: PVP is dissolved in water at a mass ratio of 10-50:

100. Then, graphite powder is dissolved in the PVP aqueous solution, followed by the addition of 0.5-3% PEG55000. Finally, the mixture is stirred for 60-180 minutes using a shear emulsifying mixer and allowed to stand for 24 hours for solid-liquid separation. The liquid phase is then collected for later use.

5. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base oil is one or a mixture of several of the following: 32# white oil, 15# white oil, KN22, KN30, and 150SN.

6. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rust inhibitor is one or a mixture of several of the following: zinc naphthenate, lanolin, barium petroleum sulfonate, dodecenyl succinic acid, barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and low-alkalinity synthetic calcium sulfonate (T104).

7. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The The corrosion inhibitor is one or a mixture of several of the following: XP519 (organic waterborne aluminum-magnesium corrosion inhibitor), 817 (siloxane ketone), CP-NF-12 (magnesium alloy protectant), ASI-80 (phosphonate ester), BTA (benzotriazole), and TTA (methylbenzotriazole).

8. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsifier is one or a mixture of several of AEO-4, AEO-9, 310B, S-80, and T-80.

9. The cutting fluid for magnesium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additive is one or a mixture of several of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ISALCEM 145, IPBC30, BIT, and MIT.

10. A method for preparing a magnesium alloy-specific cutting fluid as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Weigh each component raw material according to the formula ratio; (2) Add the base oil to the mixing tank, and add the organic alcohol amine, water-based extreme pressure lubricant, rust inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, emulsifier and additive in sequence at 30-50℃ and 300-500r / min. Stir for 30-60min to obtain a mixed oil phase. (3) Add the self-made graphite emulsion to the above mixed oil phase and continue stirring for 20-40 min at 30-50℃ and 300-500 r / min; (4) While stirring, slowly add the remaining water, heat to 50-60℃, increase the stirring speed to 600-800r / min, and stir for 60-90min to make the system fully emulsified and uniform. (5) Cool to room temperature, filter, and obtain magnesium alloy special cutting fluid.

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