Electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device and method with controllable trajectory

Abstract

This application provides a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing apparatus and method for cylindrical rollers. The apparatus includes a transmission positioning group, an electrochemical electrode, and a processing fluid supply assembly. The transmission positioning group supports the cylindrical roller to be processed, and the cylindrical roller and the transmission positioning group are arranged in a triangular structure. The transmission positioning group drives the cylindrical roller to be processed to roll. The transmission positioning group is connected to the positive terminal of an external power supply, and the cylindrical roller to be processed serves as the electrochemical processing anode through line contact. The electrochemical electrode is connected to the negative terminal of the external power supply, serving as the electrochemical processing cathode. The processing fluid supply assembly sprays conductive processing fluid into the processing gap to remove the corrosion layer on the surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed, thus completing the electrochemical polishing process. This application eliminates the processing quality fluctuation problem caused by the instability of friction force in traditional friction polishing, making the surface motion trajectory of the cylindrical roller to be processed precise and controllable, meeting the processing requirements of high-precision cylindrical rollers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of ultra-precision manufacturing processes and electrochemical polishing, specifically to a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing apparatus and method for cylindrical rollers. Background Technology

[0002] In the precision bearing manufacturing industry, the final ultra-precision manufacturing process on the cylindrical roller surface is one of the key processes affecting product quality. The core objectives are to achieve extremely low surface roughness, eliminate the altered layer from previous grinding, and ensure dimensional and positional accuracy. The mainstream processing method is ultra-precision grinding, which, from a mass production perspective, is mainly divided into three stages: Cutting stage: oilstone abrasives remove microscopic protrusions and altered layers from previous fine grinding; Semi-cutting stage: abrasive passivation, primarily for polishing; Finishing stage: an oil film forms between the oilstone and the roller surface, removing only a very thin surface layer to achieve a mirror finish. In terms of surface roughness, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of this rolling surface is in the range of 0.02–0.1 μm, with a stable value controlled between 0.07 and 0.08.

[0003] Ultra-precision grinding primarily utilizes specialized grinding machines. To achieve high-precision machining requirements and ensure machining stability, the process is subdivided according to the logic of "rough ultra-precision → fine ultra-precision." Some ultra-high precision scenarios may also include a finishing step. The core purpose is to gradually improve surface quality and avoid defects caused by a single machining operation. Regardless of the specific type of ultra-precision machining, the process involves rotating the roller while using a finer-grit grinding wheel or oilstone to remove microscopic protrusions and altered layers from the previous process. Similar to the principle of ordinary grinding, the smaller abrasive grains on the oilstone rub and plow the roller surface, removing microscopic protrusions. However, this rubbing and plowing is unstable locally. Even under the same rubbing conditions, the machining effect varies within a certain range. Regarding the abrasive tilling action, the processing environment faced by the same abrasive grain with tilling action is different at every moment, and the length and width of the tilling trajectory are also different. Therefore, this processing method relies on the superposition of the sliding friction and tilling effect of many tiny abrasive grains on the whetstone to achieve the surface processing, meaning that this processing is probabilistic. Because it is probabilistic, it is impossible for every part to be processed with the same probability, which inevitably leads to dimensional and surface roughness errors. To equalize these two differences and improve processing accuracy, it is necessary to increase the number of ultra-precision grinding cycles or the time to reduce these processing errors and increase the probability of processing all parts of the surface to be similar, thereby reducing production efficiency. The problems arising from using this ultra-precision grinding method are fundamental problems, caused by the inability to precisely control the sliding friction and tilling roller surface trajectory. Therefore, when using it, especially in high-requirement applications, cylindrical rollers must be classified and sorted according to different requirements, which will reduce production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a processing device and method that can precisely control the surface trajectory and achieve high-precision polishing of cylindrical rollers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing device and method for cylindrical roller machining.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing apparatus for cylindrical rollers is provided, comprising: A transmission positioning assembly is used to mount and support the cylindrical roller to be processed. The cylindrical roller to be processed and the transmission positioning assembly are arranged in a triangular structure. The transmission positioning assembly forms a line contact with the outer diameter generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed. The active rotation of the transmission positioning assembly applies a circumferential driving force to the cylindrical roller to be processed, thereby driving the cylindrical roller to perform pure rolling motion, thus making the surface trajectory of the cylindrical roller to be processed precise and controllable. The transmission positioning assembly is used to connect to the positive terminal of an external power source, and the cylindrical roller to be processed serves as the anode for electrochemical processing through line contact. An electrochemical electrode is used to connect to the negative terminal of an external power source and serve as the cathode for electrochemical processing. A processing gap is reserved between the electrochemical electrode and the cylindrical roller to be processed. The processing fluid supply assembly is used to spray conductive processing fluid into the processing gap to form a closed electrochemical circuit and flush away the corrosion layer on the surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed, thereby completing the electrochemical polishing process.

[0007] Optionally, the transmission positioning assembly includes two driving cylindrical rollers, which are symmetrically arranged at intervals along the central axis of the cylindrical roller to be processed; the outer diameter surface of the driving cylindrical roller is in line contact with the outer diameter generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed, and the central axes of the two driving cylindrical rollers and the cylindrical roller to be processed are parallel to each other.

[0008] Optionally, the transmission positioning group further includes two motors, each motor being connected to one of the driving cylindrical rollers to drive the driving cylindrical rollers to rotate. During the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller to be processed, the two driving cylindrical rollers rotate in the same direction. The cylindrical roller to be processed generates friction with the driving cylindrical rollers at the contact position due to its own weight, causing the cylindrical roller to be processed to be driven by the two driving cylindrical rollers to rotate around its own axis, and the rotation direction of the cylindrical roller to be processed is opposite to the rotation direction of the driving cylindrical rollers.

[0009] Optionally, the driving cylindrical roller is made of one or more of copper, stainless steel, or conductive alloy steel.

[0010] Optionally, during the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller to be processed, the electrochemical electrode faces the working surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed and matches the profile of the cylindrical roller to be processed, and the working surface and the generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed are arranged at equal intervals.

[0011] Optionally, the electrochemical electrode is made of one or more of graphite, copper, and stainless steel.

[0012] Optionally, the processing fluid supply assembly includes a flushing pump, a processing fluid nozzle, and a flushing pipe. The flushing pump and the processing fluid nozzle are connected by the flushing pipe. The processing fluid nozzle is spaced apart from the cylindrical roller to be processed. The nozzle of the processing fluid nozzle is arranged with its nozzle facing downwards for spraying conductive processing fluid into the processing gap.

[0013] According to another aspect of this application, a method of using a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining apparatus is provided, comprising: Place the cylindrical roller to be processed onto the transmission positioning assembly; Electrochemical electrodes are arranged on one side of the cylindrical roller to be processed at preset processing gap intervals; Connect the electrochemical electrode to the negative terminal of an external power source, and connect the transmission positioning assembly to the positive terminal of an external power source. A conductive processing fluid is injected into the processing gap using a processing fluid supply assembly; The transmission positioning group is activated, so that the cylindrical roller to be processed performs pure rolling motion under the drive of the transmission positioning group; When the external power supply is turned on, an corrosion layer is generated on the surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed under electrochemical action. The corrosion layer is removed by a conductive processing fluid to complete the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller to be processed.

[0014] Optionally, the machining gap between the working surface of the electrochemical electrode and the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical roller to be machined is 0.01mm-0.25mm.

[0015] Optionally, the temperature of the conductive processing fluid is 20°C to 50°C.

[0016] This application provides a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device. Through the line contact between the transmission positioning group and the cylindrical roller to be processed, the device drives the roller to achieve pure rolling motion, eliminating the processing quality fluctuation problem caused by the instability of friction force in traditional friction polishing, and ensuring consistent processing quality. The pure rolling motion, combined with the triangular support structure, makes the surface movement trajectory of the cylindrical roller precisely controllable, significantly improving the stability of the processing and meeting the processing requirements of high-precision cylindrical rollers. The electrochemical electrode and the cylindrical roller to be processed adopt a clearance fit design, eliminating macroscopic processing forces during processing, greatly reducing the overall design and manufacturing cost of the equipment. The device has a simple structure, strong functional synergy among its components, and is easy to manage and promote in the field.

[0017] Other technical effects resulting from the additional features will be further illustrated in the corresponding embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a plan view of an electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device in one embodiment of this application; In the figure: 1. Processing fluid nozzle; 2. Electrochemical electrode; 3. First driving cylindrical roller; 4. Second driving cylindrical roller; 5. Cylindrical roller to be processed. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Parts not described in detail in the following embodiments can be implemented using existing technology.

[0020] It should be noted that all information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0025] In the precision bearing manufacturing industry, the final ultra-precision manufacturing process on the cylindrical roller surface is one of the key processes affecting product quality. The core objectives are to achieve extremely low surface roughness, eliminate the altered layer from previous grinding, and ensure dimensional and positional accuracy. The mainstream processing method is ultra-precision grinding, which uses an oilstone to rub and plow the roller surface. However, this rubbing and plowing is locally unstable; the processing environment of the same abrasive grain with plowing action changes constantly, and the length and width of the plowing trajectory also change, thus affecting processing accuracy. In existing technologies, the rubbing and plowing roller surface trajectory cannot be precisely controlled, resulting in poor dimensional consistency and surface roughness that fails to meet high-end quality requirements. Based on these problems, this application provides a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device to solve the aforementioned issues.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device, including a transmission positioning assembly, an electrochemical electrode 2, and a machining fluid supply assembly, wherein: The transmission positioning assembly is used to mount and support the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed. The cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and the transmission positioning assembly are arranged in a triangular structure. The transmission positioning assembly forms a line contact with the outer diameter generatrix of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed. The active rotation of the transmission positioning assembly applies a circumferential driving force to the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, thereby driving the cylindrical roller 5 to perform pure rolling motion, thus making the surface trajectory of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed precise and controllable. The transmission positioning assembly is used to connect to the positive terminal of the external power supply, and through the line contact, the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed serves as the anode for electrochemical processing. Electrochemical electrode 2 is used to connect to the negative terminal of an external power source and serves as the cathode for electrochemical machining. A machining gap is reserved between electrochemical electrode 2 and the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined. The processing fluid supply assembly is used to spray conductive processing fluid into the processing gap, forming a closed electrochemical circuit and flushing away the corrosion layer on the surface of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, thus completing the electrochemical polishing process.

[0027] For example, the transmission positioning assembly can be connected to the positive terminal of an external power source and conduct anodic current to the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed through line contact, making the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed the anode of electrochemical machining. The machining fluid supply assembly is used to spray ultra-high pressure conductive machining fluid into the machining gap. The spray pressure of the ultra-high pressure conductive machining fluid can be set to, for example, 50 MPa, 70 MPa, 85 MPa, etc., but is not limited to this.

[0028] In the above embodiments of the present application, a line contact and fit between the transmission positioning group and the cylindrical roller to be processed is adopted to drive the cylindrical roller to be processed to realize fixed-axis pure rolling rotation, eliminating the problem of processing quality fluctuations caused by the instability of frictional force in traditional friction polishing, and ensuring the consistency of processing quality; the pure rolling motion is combined with the triangular support structure, making the surface motion trajectory of the cylindrical roller to be processed accurately controllable, greatly improving the stability of the processing process, and meeting the processing requirements of high-precision cylindrical rollers; a clearance fit design is adopted between the electrochemical electrode and the cylindrical roller to be processed, and there is no macroscopic processing force acting during the processing process, greatly reducing the overall design and manufacturing costs of the equipment. The device has a simple structure, strong functional coordination of each component, and is easy to control and promote on-site.

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the transmission positioning group includes two driving cylindrical rollers, and the two driving cylindrical rollers are arranged symmetrically at intervals along the central axis of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed; the outer diameter surface of the driving cylindrical roller is in line contact with the outer diameter bus of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, and the central axes of the two driving cylindrical rollers and the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed are parallel to each other.

[0030] Exemplarily, the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and the two driving cylindrical rollers of the transmission positioning group are arranged in a triangular shape, and the two driving cylindrical rollers are parallel to each other and are located on both sides of the mid-perpendicular (axis) line of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and are symmetrically arranged, so that the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and the two driving cylindrical rollers form an isosceles triangle structure. Among them, when the isosceles triangle structure is an equilateral triangle, its structural stability is the best; when an isosceles triangle structure with the waist length greater than the base length is adopted, the structural stability is the second. The sum of the lengths of the two waists of the isosceles triangle structure (that is, the sum of the radius of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and the radius of a single driving cylindrical roller) is greater than the sum of the radii of the two driving cylindrical rollers, the radius of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed is greater than the radius of a single driving cylindrical roller in the transmission positioning group, and the ratio of the radius between the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and a single driving cylindrical roller is preferably 1.2 to 1.5.

[0031] In the above embodiments of this application, the two driving cylindrical rollers are a first driving cylindrical roller 3 and a second driving cylindrical roller 4, which are arranged in a triangular pattern with the cylindrical roller to be processed 5, and the axes of the three are parallel to each other. When the two cylindrical parts (such as the driving cylindrical roller and the cylindrical roller to be processed in this application) are in parallel contact with each other, due to the surface adaptation characteristics, the contact area is not a point or a surface, but a straight line parallel to the axis of the cylindrical part. This kind of fit is a line contact fit, which can ensure contact stability and smooth rolling. The specific manifestation of this line contact fit is that the central axis of the driving cylindrical roller and the central axis of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed are not in the same vertical / horizontal plane, but are spatially parallel and misaligned. This spatial parallel misalignment arrangement allows the outer diameter surfaces of the three to form a stable line contact, rather than edge scraping, thus forming a misaligned line contact fit. This line contact fit not only ensures that the driving cylindrical roller can stably drive the cylindrical roller 5 to roll purely, but also allows the outer diameter surfaces of the two to make close contact, ensuring smooth current conduction.

[0032] In some specific embodiments of this application, the transmission positioning group further includes two motors, each motor being connected to a driving cylindrical roller to drive the driving cylindrical roller in the transmission positioning group to rotate. During the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, the two driving cylindrical rollers rotate in the same direction. The cylindrical roller 5 to be processed generates friction with the driving cylindrical roller at the contact position due to its own weight, so that the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed is driven by the two driving cylindrical rollers to perform pure rolling rotation around its own axis, and the rotation direction of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed is opposite to the rotation direction of the driving cylindrical roller.

[0033] For example, a circumferential driving force is applied to the cylindrical roller to be processed by rotating the driving cylindrical roller. Specifically, the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed generates friction with the contact surface of the driving cylindrical roller due to its own weight. This friction drives the cylindrical roller 5 to rotate around its own axis. Under the conditions of synchronous speed matching of the two driving cylindrical rollers and no axial movement or circumferential slippage of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, pure rolling rotation is achieved between the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed and the two driving cylindrical rollers. The synchronous speed matching of the two driving cylindrical rollers can be achieved by two motors or by one motor and synchronous belt drive. When using a two-motor solution, two servo motors with identical parameters drive two cylindrical rollers to rotate synchronously and in the same direction, with the motor speeds being the same. When using a single motor and synchronous belt drive solution, one servo motor is directly connected to one driving roller, with a synchronous pulley connected to the end of this directly connected driving roller. The other driving roller is connected to the same synchronous pulley at the same position on the same end. The two synchronous pulleys are then connected by a synchronous belt to form a synchronous belt drive, achieving synchronous transmission. In this system, the friction generated by the contact constraint of the line contact and the gravity of the cylindrical roller 5 being processed eliminates circumferential slippage at the contact point between the cylindrical roller 5 being processed and the driving cylindrical roller, thus achieving pure rolling rotation.

[0034] The above embodiments of this application describe a method for controlling the surface trajectory of a cylindrical roller during electrochemical ultra-precision polishing. The method includes: the spatial arrangement of three cylindrical rollers is triangular, and two driving cylindrical rollers rotate synchronously in the same direction. The static friction force generated by the weight of the cylindrical roller drives it to perform pure rolling rotation, thereby achieving autonomous control of the surface trajectory of the cylindrical roller.

[0035] In some specific embodiments of this application, the driving cylindrical roller is made of one or more of copper, stainless steel or conductive alloy steel.

[0036] In the above embodiments of this application, the driving cylindrical roller is made of a conductive and wear-resistant metal material to meet the requirements of conductivity, wear resistance, line contact force transmission, and electrochemical environment.

[0037] In some specific embodiments of this application, during the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, the working surface of the electrochemical electrode 2 facing the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed is matched with the profile of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, and the working surface and the generatrix of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed are arranged at equal intervals.

[0038] In the above embodiments of this application, during the ultra-precision polishing of the electrode, the shape of the electrochemical electrode 2 is completely consistent with the profile of the cylindrical roller to be processed, and the electrochemical electrode 2 and the generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed maintain an equal distance.

[0039] In some specific embodiments of this application, the electrochemical electrode 2 is made of one or more of graphite, copper, and stainless steel.

[0040] In the above embodiments of this application, the electrochemical electrode 2 is made of a conductive material resistant to electrochemical corrosion.

[0041] In some specific embodiments of this application, the processing fluid supply assembly includes a flushing pump, a processing fluid nozzle 1, and a flushing pipe. The flushing pump and the processing fluid nozzle 1 are connected by the flushing pipe. The processing fluid nozzle 1 is spaced apart from the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed. The nozzle of the processing fluid nozzle 1 is arranged with its nozzle facing downwards for spraying conductive processing fluid into the processing gap.

[0042] For example, the flushing pump stores a conductive processing fluid, which serves both as a conductive liquid to conduct electricity between the anode and cathode and generate electro-corrosion, and as the primary means of removing the electro-corrosion layer.

[0043] Reference Figures 1-2 As shown, the processing fluid nozzle 1 fills the processing gap with fluid. The electrochemical electrode 2 is placed horizontally. The first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4 are cylindrical rollers of the same diameter (which can be regarded as driving cylindrical rollers) and can rotate around their own axes. The cylindrical roller to be processed 5 is naturally mounted between the two driving cylindrical rollers in a triangular horizontal arrangement, with the axes of the three parallel to each other. It should be noted that in order to allow the cylindrical roller to be processed 5 to rotate, a certain gap is left between the outer diameters of the two driving cylindrical rollers, and the contact between the outer diameter of the cylindrical roller to be processed 5 and the driving cylindrical rollers is linear. When the two driving cylindrical rollers rotate synchronously, the friction generated by the weight of the cylindrical roller to be processed 5 is driven by the two driving cylindrical rollers to rotate around its own axis. Under certain conditions, the cylindrical roller to be processed 5 and the two driving cylindrical rollers can achieve pure rolling rotation. Since it is pure rolling, the rotation speed of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed is completely controlled by the rotation speed of the two driving cylindrical rollers, and the surface trajectory of the cylindrical roller 5 as the workpiece is controllable.

[0044] Furthermore, controllable trajectory generally refers to using two parallel components to clamp a cylindrical roller. With the lower component fixed (or connected to the foundation), the upper component (metal connected to the positive terminal of the power supply) applies a positive pressure to the cylindrical roller on the lower component and moves parallel to it at a certain speed in a horizontal plane along a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical roller's axis. Due to friction, the cylindrical roller, driven by friction from the upper component, rolls purely on the surface of the lower component in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical roller's axis, with a fixed and controlled trajectory. Based on the aforementioned controllable trajectory of the cylindrical roller, this application uses an electrode with a trajectory identical to the cylindrical roller's axis trajectory during electrochemical ultra-precision machining (at this time, the electrode is connected to the cathode and insulated from other parts; its shape is the same as the profile of the cylindrical roller being machined, being linear), and maintains an equal distance from the cylindrical roller's profile. When the upper component and the electrode are connected to a power source, electrochemical polishing of the cylindrical roller's outer surface can be achieved. To ensure rapid removal of the electrolytic layer from the cylindrical roller, liquid must be flushed between the electrode and the cylindrical roller.

[0045] The above embodiments of this application aim to address the shortcomings in the principle of ultra-precision machining, namely, to solve the accuracy and efficiency problems caused by the inability to accurately control the surface trajectory of the sliding friction and plowing cylindrical rollers.

[0046] The electrochemical ultra-precision machining principle of this application is as follows: The machining fluid nozzle 1, the electrochemical electrode 2, and the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined are parallel to each other, do not contact each other, and have the same width. In order to achieve electrochemical ultra-precision machining, a special machining fluid with conductive properties is sprayed from the outlet of the machining fluid nozzle 1 into the machining gap between the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined and the electrochemical electrode. If the electrochemical electrode 2 is connected as the negative electrode, and the first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4 are connected as the anode, that is, the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined is connected as the anode, then anodic electro-corrosion will occur between the electrochemical electrode 2 and the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined. Under the scouring action of the strong machining fluid sprayed from the machining fluid nozzle 1, the corrosion layer on the surface of the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined is washed away. As the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined rotates, the removal of one circumference of the outer diameter of the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined can be achieved. For different materials and scenarios, one or more of the following parameters are set: voltage and current between the anode and cathode, conductivity of the processing fluid, temperature of the processing fluid, size of the processing gap, flushing pressure and flow rate, rotational speed of the cylindrical roller being processed, motion stability parameters (radial runout and axial movement parameters of the cylindrical roller being processed), and filtration accuracy of the medium. The device of this application can achieve surface roughness Ra of 0.01 micrometers and lower.

[0047] This application solves the machining quality problem caused by the instability of friction in tribopolishing, enabling autonomous control of the cylindrical roller surface trajectory, stable machining quality, and high surface roughness accuracy, which can be stabilized at Ra 0.01 micrometers and below. Electrochemical polishing involves no macroscopic machining force, has low equipment requirements, and is easy to operate. The transmission positioning group has multiple functions, including supporting and driving pure rolling motion and conducting anodic current. Motion constraint and current conduction are synchronously achieved through line contact, eliminating the need for an additional independent conductive wiring structure for the cylindrical roller to be processed. This adapts to the working conditions of cylindrical roller rotation machining, making the device structure more compact and improving the continuity and stability of the machining process.

[0048] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application provides a method for using a trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device, including: S1. Place the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed on the transmission positioning assembly; S2. Arrange the electrochemical electrodes 2 on one side of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed at a preset processing gap interval; S3. Connect electrochemical electrode 2 to the negative terminal of the external power supply, and connect the transmission positioning assembly to the positive terminal of the external power supply. S4. Use the machining fluid supply assembly to spray conductive machining fluid (i.e., a special machining fluid with conductive properties) into the machining gap. S5. Start the transmission positioning group so that the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed can perform pure rolling motion under the drive of the transmission positioning group. The motor speed is 50~1000r / min.

[0049] S6. Start the external power supply. Under electrochemical action, a corrosion layer is generated on the surface of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed. The corrosion layer is removed by the conductive processing fluid to complete the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed.

[0050] In this embodiment, the method includes controllable processing trajectory, electrochemical machining, and high-pressure liquid injection. These three elements are integrated and inseparable.

[0051] In the embodiments of the method of using the electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device described above in this application, the detailed operation of other components or mechanisms can be referred to the description of the corresponding components or mechanisms in the electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] In some specific embodiments of this application, the machining gap between the working surface of the electrochemical electrode 2 and the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined is 0.05mm-0.25mm.

[0053] In the above embodiments of this application, the processing gap range can ensure the stable progress of the electrochemical discharge reaction, and avoid the electrochemical electrode rubbing against the cylindrical roller to be processed due to the gap being too small, or the electro-corrosion intensity being insufficient and the processing accuracy decreasing due to the gap being too large.

[0054] In some specific embodiments of this application, the temperature of the conductive processing fluid is 20°C to 50°C.

[0055] According to the above embodiments of this application, the temperature range can maintain the conductivity and fluidity of the conductive processing fluid in an optimal state, ensure the stability of the electrochemical reaction rate, and at the same time avoid the increase in viscosity of the processing fluid due to excessively low temperature, and the volatilization of the processing fluid and the runaway of the electrochemical reaction due to excessively high temperature.

[0056] The following examples will be used to further illustrate this application in order to better understand the above-mentioned technical solutions. It should be understood that the following are only some examples and are not intended to limit this application.

[0057] Application Example 1: Electrochemical Ultra-Precision Polishing Method for Cylindrical Rollers 1) Preparation of supplies: Three stainless steel cylindrical rollers (two with a diameter of 25mm and a length of 40mm, and one with a diameter of 30mm and a length of 40mm, surface roughness Ra0.1μm), an electrochemical electrode made of copper plate (40mm×30mm×2mm), one flat-nozzle processing fluid nozzle with an inner diameter of 1mm wide × 40mm long, two drive motors (24V×2.5A), two motor drivers, and one 15kg / cm² motor. 2 A powerful flushing pump, several high-pressure flushing hoses, and several special electrochemical processing fluids, including a formula for sodium nitrate 15%~38% and sodium chloride 3%~5%; a 24kW adjustable power supply and two conductive brushes.

[0058] 2) Construction of processing equipment: First step, according to Figure 1 As shown, two 316 stainless steel cylindrical rollers with a diameter of 25mm and an axial length of 40mm are arranged and installed as the first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4, respectively, with the center distance between the first driving cylindrical roller and the second driving cylindrical roller maintained at 27.5mm. Then, a 316 stainless steel cylindrical roller with a diameter of 30mm and an axial length of 40mm is arranged and installed as the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed. The second step is to connect one end of the high-pressure flushing hose to the flushing pump and the other end to the flat-nozzle processing fluid nozzle, and then follow the instructions. Figure 1 The installation layout is shown below; The third step is to arrange the electrochemical electrodes according to... Figure 1The electrochemical electrode is installed at the position shown, maintaining an equal distance of 0.15 mm between it and the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed; The fourth step is to connect the two motors to the motor driver, and then connect the output ends of the two motors to one end of the first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4 respectively to transmit torque only and to insulate each other. Fifth step: Connect the power supply anode to the other end of the first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4 respectively using an electric brush, and connect the power supply cathode to the electrochemical electrode. Step 6: Position the flat-nozzle machining fluid nozzle downwards and align it with the gap between the electrochemical electrode and the cylindrical roller 5 to be machined. The flat-nozzle machining fluid nozzle should be 2mm away from the electrochemical electrode and 1mm away from the cylindrical roller to be machined.

[0059] 2) Operation and processing: First, start the flushing pump and adjust the pressure to 13 kg / cm². 2 Fluid is applied to align with the machining gap; The second step is to start the motor driver and modulate the driver code disk with 180 pulses so that the first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4 rotate synchronously in the same direction. At this time, the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed rotates purely in rolling motion with the first driving cylindrical roller 3 and the second driving cylindrical roller 4. The third step is to turn on the power switch. After applying current between the electrode and the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, electro-corrosion occurs due to the tiny peaks on the cylindrical roller 5, which are then removed under the action of a strong flushing liquid. After the cylindrical roller 5 has rotated three revolutions, the power is cut off and the machine is stopped.

[0060] 3) Measurement: After stopping the machine, the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed is removed and cleaned. Then, a roughness tester is used to check the surface of the cylindrical roller 5 to be processed, and its surface roughness Ra≤0.01μm.

[0061] The preferred features in the above embodiments can be used individually in any embodiment, or in any combination thereof, provided they do not conflict with each other. Furthermore, parts not described in detail in the embodiments can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0062] The foregoing has described some specific embodiments of this application. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing device for cylindrical rollers, characterized in that, include: A transmission positioning assembly is used to mount and support the cylindrical roller to be processed. The cylindrical roller to be processed and the transmission positioning assembly are arranged in a triangular structure. The transmission positioning assembly forms a line contact with the outer diameter generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed. The active rotation of the transmission positioning assembly applies a circumferential driving force to the cylindrical roller to be processed, thereby driving the cylindrical roller to perform pure rolling motion, thus making the surface trajectory of the cylindrical roller to be processed precise and controllable. The transmission positioning assembly is used to connect to the positive terminal of an external power source, and the cylindrical roller to be processed serves as the anode for electrochemical processing through line contact. An electrochemical electrode is used to connect to the negative terminal of an external power source and serve as the cathode for electrochemical processing. A processing gap is reserved between the electrochemical electrode and the cylindrical roller to be processed. The processing fluid supply assembly is used to spray conductive processing fluid into the processing gap to form a closed electrochemical circuit and flush away the corrosion layer on the surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed, thereby completing the electrochemical polishing process.

2. The trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission positioning assembly includes two driving cylindrical rollers, which are symmetrically arranged at intervals along the central axis of the cylindrical roller to be processed. The outer diameter surface of the driving cylindrical roller is in line contact with the outer diameter generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed, and the central axes of the two driving cylindrical rollers and the cylindrical roller to be processed are parallel to each other.

3. The trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission positioning assembly also includes two motors, each motor being connected to one of the driving cylindrical rollers to drive the driving cylindrical rollers to rotate. During the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller to be processed, the two driving cylindrical rollers rotate in the same direction. The cylindrical roller to be processed generates friction with the driving cylindrical rollers at the contact position due to its own weight, causing the cylindrical roller to be processed to be driven by the two driving cylindrical rollers to rotate around its own axis, and the rotation direction of the cylindrical roller to be processed is opposite to the rotation direction of the driving cylindrical rollers.

4. The trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving cylindrical roller is made of one or more of copper, stainless steel or conductive alloy steel.

5. The trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller to be processed, the electrochemical electrode faces the working surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed and matches the profile of the cylindrical roller to be processed. The working surface and the generatrix of the cylindrical roller to be processed are arranged at equal intervals.

6. The trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochemical electrode is made of one or more of graphite, copper, and stainless steel.

7. The trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing fluid supply assembly includes a flushing pump, a processing fluid nozzle, and a flushing pipe. The flushing pump and the processing fluid nozzle are connected by the flushing pipe. The processing fluid nozzle is spaced apart from the cylindrical roller to be processed. The nozzle of the processing fluid nozzle is arranged with its nozzle facing downwards for spraying conductive processing fluid into the processing gap.

8. A method of using the trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Place the cylindrical roller to be processed onto the transmission positioning assembly; Electrochemical electrodes are arranged on one side of the cylindrical roller to be processed at preset processing gap intervals; Connect the electrochemical electrode to the negative terminal of an external power source, and connect the transmission positioning assembly to the positive terminal of an external power source. A conductive processing fluid is injected into the processing gap using a processing fluid supply assembly; The transmission positioning group is activated, so that the cylindrical roller to be processed performs pure rolling motion under the drive of the transmission positioning group; When the external power supply is turned on, an corrosion layer is generated on the surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed under electrochemical action. The corrosion layer is removed by a conductive processing fluid to complete the electrochemical polishing process of the cylindrical roller to be processed.

9. The method of using the trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machining gap between the working surface of the electrochemical electrode and the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical roller to be machined is 0.01mm-0.25mm.

10. The method of using the trajectory-controllable electrochemical ultra-precision polishing cylindrical roller machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the conductive processing fluid is 20℃~50℃.

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