An adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle and its operation method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle and its method, relating to the field of snow removal and de-icing technology. It includes a vehicle body, an ice-crushing component, a bucket component, a lidar thickness gauge, a de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism, and a controller. The ice-crushing component is rotatably mounted at the front end of the vehicle body via a rotating base, which can rotate the ice-crushing component circumferentially to any position. The bucket component is located below the ice-crushing component, and its blade mechanism can dynamically adjust its angle. The lidar thickness gauge detects the ice layer thickness in real time. The de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism stores, mixes, and evenly distributes the de-icing agent. The control terminal is electrically connected to each component and dynamically adjusts the operating parameters based on the detection data. This invention expands the working range of the bucket component through the circumferential rotation of the ice-crushing component, achieves even distribution of the de-icing agent through the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism, and, combined with the adaptively adjustable blade mechanism, significantly improves the efficiency and effectiveness of snow removal and de-icing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road snow and ice removal equipment technology, specifically to an adaptive integrated snow and ice removal vehicle and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] As winter temperatures drop, road safety issues caused by icy and snowy weather become more frequent. Compared to the thick layers of dry snow in the north, wet snow and sleet in the south freeze quickly to form thin, high-hardness ice. After repeated freeze-thaw cycles, the ice is extremely difficult to remove. Traditional snow removal equipment used in the north is not well-suited to the road conditions in the south, resulting in incomplete ice removal, low work efficiency, and other industry pain points. In extreme weather conditions, this can easily lead to traffic paralysis.

[0003] For complex ice and snow scenarios in the south, a comprehensive innovation and upgrade has been carried out from core components to system configuration: the structure, function and material properties of the blade have been optimized, the design of the ice crushing roller and the compatibility of the tie rod and seals have been improved to ensure more thorough ice breaking and removal; intelligent and information technology has been introduced, and unmanned driving function has been developed to improve the accuracy and safety of operations; the power system has been fully upgraded and paired with a more adaptable de-icing agent loading system to form an efficient collaborative operation system.

[0004] Currently, there are no mature solutions for ice-breaking mechanisms, snow-melting mechanisms, and multi-functional collaborative operations. The specific shortcomings are as follows:

[0005] Firstly, the fixed position of the ice-crushing mechanism makes it difficult to balance operational flexibility with vehicle stability. Existing de-icing equipment typically has its ice-crushing structure fixedly installed at the front or side of the vehicle, allowing only unidirectional ice-crushing operations and preventing position adjustments based on the workflow. When shoveling ice, the front-end shoveling mechanism experiences a sudden increase in load when fully loaded with ice and snow, causing the vehicle's center of gravity to shift forward, increasing the risk of tipping over or unstable lifting. Simultaneously, the fixed ice-crushing structure occupies shoveling space, requiring ice crushing to be completed before shoveling, disrupting the workflow and reducing efficiency. Some equipment attempts to use a folding ice-crushing mechanism, but this only allows for limited angle rotation and cannot achieve 360-degree omnidirectional position switching, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of ice crushing and counterweight balance. Furthermore, the folding structure has poor stability and protective performance, making it susceptible to malfunction due to ice, snow, and debris.

[0006] Secondly, the snow melting methods are limited, resulting in poor melting efficiency and a high risk of secondary damage. Traditional de-icing equipment often uses solid de-icing agents for direct application. However, solid de-icing agents tend to accumulate, spread unevenly, and have limited contact area with the ice layer, leading to slow melting speeds and difficulty in quickly breaking down thick ice layers. Furthermore, the applied de-icing agent is easily splashed by vehicles, causing resource waste and environmental pollution. In low-temperature environments, it can also easily form thin salt ice, posing a risk of secondary icing. Some improved equipment attempts to spray liquid de-icing agents, but these are simply diluted solutions with low utilization rates. They also cannot adjust the concentration according to the road surface ice conditions, resulting in poor adaptability and failing to fundamentally solve the problems of snow melting efficiency and uniformity.

[0007] Third, the equipment suffers from low integration and weak collaborative operation capabilities. Most existing equipment is designed for a single function, or simply incorporates ice-crushing and ice-shoveling functions, lacking a dedicated hybrid snow-melting mechanism and intelligent collaborative control system. This leads to a disconnect between the "ice-crushing-snow-shoveling" stages. For example, if the ice layer doesn't melt promptly after crushing, it increases shoveling resistance and accelerates blade wear; the spraying of de-icing agent may not match the rhythm of ice-crushing and shoveling, resulting in either insufficient snow melting or excessive de-icing agent waste. Furthermore, most equipment lacks real-time monitoring and adaptive parameter adjustment capabilities for road surface icing and snow conditions. It cannot dynamically optimize ice-crushing force and de-icing agent dosage based on ice thickness and road surface hardness, leading to inconsistent operational results and difficulty in adapting to complex and changing icy and snowy road conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an adaptive integrated snow removal and ice clearing vehicle and its operating method, thereby solving the problems of poor flexibility of the ice-breaking mechanism, poor snow melting effect, weak multi-functional coordination and insufficient stability of existing equipment, and realizing integrated adaptive operation of "ice breaking-snow melting-ice clearing", thus improving ice removal efficiency and operational safety.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first objective of this invention is to provide an adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle, comprising: Vehicle body; An ice-crushing component is rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body via a rotating seat, which is adapted to drive the ice-crushing component to rotate circumferentially to any position. A bucket component is disposed at the front end of the vehicle body and located below the ice-crushing component. The bucket component includes a bucket mechanism rotatably disposed at the front end of the vehicle body and a blade mechanism rotatably connected to the bottom of the front end of the bucket mechanism. The blade mechanism is adapted to dynamically adjust its angle to cut into the ice layer or shovel snow. A de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism is located at the rear of the vehicle body. The de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism is suitable for storing, mixing, and evenly spreading the de-icing agent onto the working surface. A lidar thickness gauge is installed on the top front side of the bucket mechanism, and the laser rangefinder is suitable for real-time detection of ice thickness. The controller is electrically connected to the lidar thickness gauge, the bucket mechanism, the blade mechanism, the ice crushing component, and the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating base includes a support base, a connecting shaft, a bearing housing, an active drive assembly, and a vertical central rotating shaft assembly. The support base is fixedly installed on the front end of the upper surface of the vehicle body. The bearing housing is fixedly connected to the support base via the connecting shaft. The bearing housing has an upper mounting hole and a lower mounting hole. The upper mounting hole has an upper bearing mounting hole, and the lower mounting hole has a lower bearing mounting hole. The vertical central rotating shaft assembly is rotatably installed in the upper bearing mounting hole and the lower bearing mounting hole via bearings. The active drive assembly is drively connected to the vertical central rotating shaft assembly. The ice crushing component is fixedly installed on the vertical central rotating shaft assembly. The active drive assembly is adapted to drive the vertical central rotating shaft assembly to rotate circumferentially on the bearing housing, thereby driving the ice crushing component to rotate circumferentially.

[0011] Preferably, the active drive assembly includes a rotary drive motor and an active drive gear. The rotary drive motor is fixedly mounted on the bearing housing via a motor mount, and the active drive gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the rotary drive motor. The vertical center rotating shaft assembly includes a vertical rotating shaft, two tapered roller bearings, a shaft locking nut, a driven gear, a gear connecting plate, and a copper sleeve. The two tapered roller bearings are respectively installed in the upper bearing mounting hole and the lower bearing mounting hole. The vertical rotating shaft is vertically rotatable through the tapered roller bearings and passes through the bearing housing. The bottom end of the vertical rotating shaft is axially locked to the bearing housing by the shaft locking nut. The driven gear is sleeved on the top end of the vertical rotating shaft and is located directly above the bearing housing. The driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The gear connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the driven gear by bolts. The copper sleeve is sleeved on the gear connecting plate, the driven gear, and the vertical rotating shaft and is located on the surface of the gear connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism includes a mixing tank, a stirring drive mechanism, and a spiral stirring shaft component. The mixing tank is fixedly installed at the rear of the vehicle body, with a loading port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom. The mixing tank is fixedly connected to the vehicle body via a connecting frame. The stirring drive mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the mixing tank, and the spiral stirring shaft component is rotatably installed inside the mixing tank. The stirring drive mechanism is drively connected to the spiral stirring shaft component to drive the spiral stirring shaft component to rotate inside the mixing tank.

[0013] Preferably, the stirring drive mechanism includes a stirring drive motor, a reducer, and a chain drive assembly. The reducer is fixedly installed on one side of the mixing chamber via a reducer mounting bracket, and the stirring drive motor is connected to the input end of the reducer. The chain drive assembly includes a first driving sprocket, a first driven sprocket, a drive chain, and a chain drive housing. The first driving sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the reducer, and the chain drive housing is fixedly installed between the mixing chamber and the reducer. The first driven sprocket is fixedly connected to the spiral stirring shaft component, and the drive chain is wound around the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket. The chain drive housing covers the outside of the first driving sprocket, the first driven sprocket, and the drive chain.

[0014] Preferably, the spiral stirring shaft component includes a stirring shaft, spiral blades, and mounting bearing seats. The mounting bearing seats are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the mixing chamber. The two ends of the stirring shaft are rotatably installed in the mounting bearing seats. The spiral blades are evenly distributed and integrally connected to the stirring shaft. A stirring shaft fixing frame is provided in the middle of the stirring shaft between the spiral blades. The stirring shaft fixing frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mixing chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the ice-crushing component includes an ice-crushing drum structure, a two-bar linkage mechanism, and a third drive cylinder. The ice-crushing drum structure includes a drum mounting cover and an ice-crushing drum rotatably mounted inside the drum mounting cover. Multiple flexible ropes are arranged around the outer circumference of the ice-crushing drum, and an impact ball is fixedly connected to the end of each flexible rope. The two-bar linkage mechanism includes a first link and a second link rotatably connected end-to-end. The end of the first link away from the second link is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the end of the second link away from the first link is rotatably connected to the drum mounting cover. The third drive cylinder includes a third branch drive cylinder and a third branch drive cylinder. The bottom of the third branch drive cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle of the bend in the first link. The bottom of the third branch drive cylinder is rotatably connected to the middle of the bend in the first link, and the other end is rotatably connected to the back of the drum mounting cover.

[0016] Preferably, the bucket mechanism includes a bucket body, two rotating mechanisms, and a lifting mechanism. The two rotating mechanisms are symmetrically installed on both sides between the bucket body and the vehicle body. The lifting mechanism is rotatably connected to the bucket body and the vehicle body and located between the two rotating mechanisms. The lifting mechanism includes a pair of lugs, a connecting plate, a rotating plate, and a first drive cylinder. The pair of lugs are fixedly connected to the outer side of the bucket body. One side of the connecting plate is fitted against the outer side of the bucket body. Corresponding through holes are provided on both sides of the connecting plate and the lugs, and pins are provided in the through holes. One end of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other end is rotatably connected to... On the lower side of the connecting plate, the bottom of the first driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating plate; the rotating mechanism includes a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm, and a second driving cylinder. One end of the first arc-shaped arm is rotatably connected to the upper side of the connecting plate, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the first arc-shaped arm away from the connecting plate. One end of the second arc-shaped arm is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to one side of the arc-shaped groove of the first arc-shaped arm through a pin. The bottom of the second driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other side of the arc-shaped groove of the first arc-shaped arm.

[0017] Preferably, the shovel mechanism includes a shovel blade, a shovel shaft, a gear transmission structure, and a shovel drive motor. The shovel blade is located at the lower part of the opening end of the bucket body. The shovel shaft is located on the back of the shovel blade, and both ends of the shovel shaft are rotatably installed in the rotating mounting holes of the bucket body. The gear transmission structure includes a driving gear and a driven gear located at the end of the shovel shaft. The driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The shovel drive motor is located on the end plate of the bucket body, and the driving gear is connected to the output end of the shovel drive motor. The shovel blade includes a cutting edge core area, a middle transition area, and a base connection area. The cutting edge core area is made of tungsten carbide hard alloy, the middle transition area is made of high-chromium wear-resistant cast iron, and the base connection area is made of low-carbon alloy structural steel. The middle transition area also includes a vibrator and an electric heating coil, both of which are electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] The second objective of this invention is to provide an operational method using the aforementioned adaptive integrated snowplow and de-icing vehicle, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Drive the snowplow and ice remover to the work area, start the controller, and the controller will perform a self-check on the lidar thickness gauge, bucket mechanism, blade mechanism, ice crushing parts and de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism; Step S2: After the self-test is completed, start the vehicle to make the snow sweeper and ice remover move forward. The laser radar thickness gauge collects ice thickness data in real time and transmits it to the controller. Step S3: Based on the ice thickness data, the controller controls the rotating seat to rotate the ice-crushing component to a suitable working angle, and at the same time controls the ice-crushing component to descend and start, so as to crush the ice layer; Step S4: After the ice layer is broken, the controller controls the rotating seat to drive the ice-breaking component to rotate to the rear or side of the snow sweeper and ice remover, and controls the blade mechanism to dynamically adjust the cutting angle and height. The bucket mechanism works with the blade mechanism to scoop up and collect the ice and snow. Step S5: According to the operation requirements, the controller starts the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism, mixes the de-icing agent and then evenly spreads it onto the working road surface through the discharge port; Step S6: During the operation, the controller continuously receives real-time data from the lidar thickness gauge and dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each component until the snow removal and de-icing of the work area is completed.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle of this invention are as follows: 1. The ice-crushing component achieves 360-degree circumferential rotation via a rotating seat. After crushing the ice, it can rotate to the rear or side of the vehicle body, providing a larger working space for the bucket component and avoiding interference. It also breaks through the limitation of the fixed working angle of traditional ice-crushing components, and can flexibly cope with the ice crushing needs of different road widths, road corners, and complex terrains, expanding the working range, eliminating blind spots, and improving the flexibility and comprehensiveness of operations. The integrated de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism can realize the integrated operation of de-icing agent storage, mixing, and uniform spreading. For the problem of residual thin ice after crushing and low-temperature re-icing, the uniformly mixed de-icing agent is spread to quickly melt the residual ice and snow, avoiding secondary icing. No additional spreading equipment is required, simplifying the operation process and reducing operating costs.

[0020] 2. By combining real-time detection data from the lidar thickness gauge, the control terminal dynamically adjusts the cutting angle and height of the blade mechanism, the operating parameters of the ice-breaking component, and the amount of de-icing agent applied, achieving adaptive operation. This ensures ice-breaking efficiency while avoiding excessive damage to the road surface, thus improving the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0021] 3. The ice-crushing component, bucket component, and de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism work together to form an integrated "crushing-shoveling-snow-melting" operation process, which significantly improves the overall efficiency of snow removal and ice clearing, can quickly restore the traffic capacity of roads and bridges, and is suitable for winter snow removal and ice clearing operations on various types of roads and bridges. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the adaptive integrated snow removal and ice clearing vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the adaptive integrated snow removal and ice clearing vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the adaptive integrated snow removal and ice clearing vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ice-crushing component assembled on the vehicle body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the ice crushing drum structure, the two-link mechanism and the third drive cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rotating seat in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the rotary seat in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of the active driving component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the vertical central rotation axis assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the ice-crushing component, the bucket component, and the vehicle body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the ice-crushing component and the bucket component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the bucket body and the blade mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the snow melting agent mixing and loading mechanism in one direction in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism in another direction in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the stirring drive mechanism and the spiral stirring shaft component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the internal assembly structure of the stirring drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the controller in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the snow removal and de-icing method of the adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Car body; 2-Ice-crushing components; 21-Ice crushing drum structure; 211-Drum mounting cover; 212-Ice crushing drum; 2121-Flexible rope; 2122-Impact ball; 22 - Two-bar linkage; 221 - First link; 222 - Second link; 23-Third drive cylinder; 231-Third branch first drive cylinder; 232-Third branch second drive cylinder; 24-Rotating seat; 241-Support seat; 242-Connecting shaft; 243-Bearing seat; 2431-Upper mounting hole; 24311-Upper bearing mounting hole; 2432-Lower mounting hole; 24321-Lower bearing mounting hole; 244-Active drive assembly; 2441-Rotary drive motor; 24411-Motor seat; 2442-Active drive gear; 245-Vertical center rotating shaft assembly; 2451-Vertical rotating shaft; 2452-Tap roller bearing; 2453-Shaft lock nut; 2454-Driven gear; 2455-Gear connecting plate; 2456-Copper sleeve; 3- Bucket components; 31-Bucket mechanism; 311-Bucket body; 312 - Two rotating mechanisms; 3121 - First arc-shaped arm; 31211 - Arc-shaped groove; 3122 - Second arc-shaped arm; 3123 - Second drive cylinder; 313-Lifting mechanism; 3131-Ear plate; 3132-Connecting plate; 3133-Rotating plate; 3134-First drive cylinder; 32-Shovel mechanism; 321-Shovel blade; 322-Shovel shaft; 323-Gear transmission structure; 3231-Driving gear; 3232-Driven gear; 324-Shovel drive motor; 4-LiDAR thickness gauge; 5-Controller; 6-Snow melting agent mixing and loading mechanism; 61-Mixing box; 611-Loading port; 612-Discharge port; 613-Connecting frame; 62-Agitator drive mechanism; 621-Agitator drive motor; 622-Reducer; 6221-Reducer mounting bracket; 623-Chain drive assembly; 6231-First driving sprocket; 6232-First driven sprocket; 6233-Drive chain; 6234-Chain drive housing; 63-Helical stirring shaft assembly; 631-Stirring shaft; 6311-Stirring shaft fixing bracket; 632-Helical blade; 633-Mounting bearing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] In this document, the directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the location of the components in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, solely for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0026] Where there is no conflict, the above embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0027] Although the steps in this invention are arranged by reference numerals, this is not intended to limit the order of the steps. Unless the order of the steps is explicitly stated or the execution of a step requires other steps as a basis, the relative order of the steps can be adjusted. It is understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and covers any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 17 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle, which includes a vehicle body 1, an ice-crushing component 2, a bucket component 3, a laser radar thickness gauge 4, a de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism 6, and a controller 5, wherein: The ice-crushing component 2 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body 1 via a rotating base 24, which can rotate the ice-crushing component 2 circumferentially to any angle. The bucket component 3 is located at the front end of the vehicle body 1 and below the ice-crushing component 2. The bucket component 3 includes a bucket mechanism 31 rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body 1 and a blade mechanism 32 rotatably connected to the bottom of the front end of the bucket mechanism 31. The blade mechanism 32 is adapted to dynamically adjust its angle to cut into the ice layer or shovel snow. The laser radar thickness gauge 4 is installed on the top front side of the bucket mechanism 31 and is adapted to detect the ice layer thickness in real time. The controller 5 is electrically connected to the laser radar thickness gauge 4, the bucket mechanism 31, the blade mechanism 32, and the ice-crushing component 2. After the controller 5 is started, it performs a self-check on the connected laser radar thickness gauge 4, the bucket mechanism 31, the blade mechanism 32, and the ice-crushing component 2 to ensure that each component is in normal working condition. The de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism 6 is located at the rear of the vehicle body 1.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the adaptive integrated snow and ice removal vehicle starts working, the lidar thickness gauge 4 begins to collect real-time data on the thickness of the ice layer on the road surface and transmits the data to the controller 5. The lidar thickness gauge 4 is installed on the top front side of the bucket mechanism 31. It emits a laser beam onto the surface of the ice layer and calculates the ice layer thickness by measuring the reflection time or phase difference of the laser beam. As the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the lidar thickness gauge 4 continuously scans the ice layer in front and obtains ice layer thickness information in real time. Based on the ice layer thickness information fed back by the lidar thickness gauge 4, the controller 5 determines whether to activate the ice-breaking component 2. When the ice layer thickness exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 10 cm), the controller 5 controls the ice-breaking component 2 to start working. During high-speed rotation or reciprocating motion, the ice-breaking component 2 breaks the ice layer, breaking large pieces of ice into smaller pieces, which facilitates subsequent snow removal operations.

[0030] The bucket component 3 is located at the front end of the vehicle body 1 and below the ice-crushing component 2. In this embodiment, the bucket component 3 includes a bucket mechanism 31 and a blade mechanism 32. The controller 5 can dynamically adjust the angle of the blade mechanism 32 based on the ice thickness information. If the ice layer is thick, the controller 5 adjusts the blade mechanism 32 to a smaller cutting angle so that the blade can cut into the bottom of the ice layer more forcefully. If the ice layer is thin, the controller adjusts the blade mechanism 32 to a larger cutting angle to facilitate quick removal of the ice layer. After the blade mechanism 32 cuts into the ice layer, the bucket mechanism 31 rotates under the drive of the controller 5, scooping up the ice and snow and collecting them into the bucket. The rotation angle and speed of the bucket mechanism 31 can be dynamically adjusted according to the ice thickness and the vehicle speed to ensure the removal effect.

[0031] Therefore, by using the lidar thickness gauge 4 to detect the ice thickness in real time, the controller 5 can dynamically adjust the working status of the ice-crushing component 2 and the bucket component 3 according to the actual road conditions. This intelligent adjustment method avoids the blind operation of traditional snow removal and ice clearing equipment when facing ice layers of different thicknesses, reduces ineffective operation time and equipment wear, and thus significantly improves the efficiency of snow removal and ice clearing operations; dynamically adjusting the angle of the blade mechanism 32 allows it to flexibly cut into the ice layer or shovel snow according to the ice layer conditions, further improving the removal effect, reducing the number of repetitive operations, and further improving the operation efficiency.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ice-crushing component 2 includes an ice-crushing drum structure 21, a two-bar linkage mechanism 22, a third drive cylinder 23, and a rotating base 24, wherein: The ice-crushing component 2 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body 1 via a rotating seat 24, and the rotating seat 24 can drive the ice-crushing component 2 to rotate 360 ​​degrees to any position.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating seat 24 includes a support seat 241, a connecting shaft 242, a bearing seat 243, an active drive assembly 244, and a vertical center rotating shaft assembly 245. The support seat 241 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the upper surface of the vehicle body 1 by bolts. The bearing seat 243 is connected to both sides by the connecting shaft 242, and the bearing seat 243 is fixedly connected to the support seat 241 by the connecting shaft 242. Preferably, the bearing seat 243 in this embodiment has a square frame structure, and an upper mounting hole 2431 and a lower mounting hole 2432 are coaxially arranged on the bearing seat 243. An upper bearing mounting hole 24311 is provided inside the mounting hole 2431 near the outer side of the bearing seat 243, and a lower bearing mounting hole 24321 is provided inside the lower mounting hole 2432 near the outer side of the bearing seat 243. The vertical center rotating shaft assembly 245 is rotatably mounted on the upper bearing mounting hole 24311 and the lower bearing mounting hole 24321 via bearings. The active drive assembly 244 is located on the outer side of the bearing seat 243 and is connected to the vertical center rotating shaft assembly 245 for transmission. The end of the two-bar linkage 22 away from the ice crushing drum structure 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical center rotating shaft assembly 245.

[0034] Please see Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the active drive assembly 244 includes a rotary drive motor 2441 and an active drive gear 2442. The motor base 24411 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the bearing housing 243 by bolts. The rotary drive motor 2441 is fixedly mounted on the motor base 24411 by bolts. The output shaft of the rotary drive motor 2441 passes vertically upward through the motor base 24411. The active drive gear 2442 is located directly above the motor base 24411 and is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the rotary drive motor 2441 by a flat key.

[0035] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 9As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical center rotating shaft assembly 245 includes a vertical rotating shaft 2451, two tapered roller bearings 2452, a shaft locking nut 2453, a driven gear 2454, a gear connecting plate 2455, and a copper sleeve 2456. The two tapered roller bearings 2452 are respectively installed in the upper bearing mounting hole 24311 and the lower bearing mounting hole 24321. The vertical rotating shaft 2451 passes through the tapered roller bearings 2452 and is vertically mounted on the bearing seat 243 via the tapered roller bearings 2452. The bottom end of the vertical rotating shaft 2451 is secured by the shaft locking nut 2454. 453 is fixed on the bearing housing 243 to achieve axial locking and prevent the vertical rotating shaft 2451 from moving axially. The driven gear 2454 is sleeved on the top of the vertical rotating shaft 2451 and located directly above the bearing housing 243. The driven gear 2454 meshes with the driving gear 2442. The gear connecting plate 2455 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the driven gear 2454 by bolts. The copper sleeve 2456 is sleeved on the gear connecting plate 2455, the driven gear 2454 and the vertical rotating shaft 2451 and located on the surface of the gear connecting plate 2455, which plays a role in wear resistance and positioning. The shaft locking nut 2453 is threaded to the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 2451 to achieve axial locking.

[0036] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the ice crushing roller structure 21 includes a roller mounting cover 211 and an ice crushing roller 212. The ice crushing roller 212 is rotatably mounted inside the roller mounting cover 211 and can rotate freely. A plurality of flexible ropes 2121 are arranged around the outer circumference of the ice crushing roller 212. Each flexible rope 2121 is fixedly connected to an impact ball 2122 at its end. This allows the impact ball 2122 to strike the ice surface sequentially through the action of the flexible ropes 2121 when the ice crushing roller 212 rotates.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the two-bar linkage 22 includes a first link 221 and a second link 222 connected end to end, wherein the second link 222 is bent at a certain angle, one end of the two-bar linkage 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating seat 24, and the other end is rotatably connected to the roller mounting cover 211. Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the third driving cylinder 23 includes a third branch first driving cylinder 231 and a third branch second driving cylinder 232. The bottom of the third branch first driving cylinder 231 is hinged to the rotating seat 24 in the vertical direction, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle of the bend of the first connecting rod 221. The bottom of the third branch second driving cylinder 232 is hinged to the middle of the bend of the first connecting rod 221 in the vertical direction, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back of the roller mounting cover 211. In this way, through the coordinated driving action of the third branch first driving cylinder 231 and the third branch second driving cylinder 232, the first connecting rod 221 and the second connecting rod 222 are driven to move relative to each other, thereby driving the ice crushing roller structure 21 to rotate so that each impact ball 2122 impacts the ice surface in sequence.

[0038] When the third branch drive cylinder 231 extends or retracts, its extension and retraction motion is transmitted to the middle of the first connecting rod 221. Since one end of the first connecting rod 221 is fixed to the rotating seat 24 and the other end is connected to the end of the second connecting rod 222 away from the roller mounting cover 211, the first connecting rod 221 will rotate up and down relative to the roller under the drive of the third branch drive cylinder 231. The movement of the first connecting rod 221 will drive the second connecting rod 222 to rotate relative to it, and under the action of the third branch drive cylinder 232, the roller mounting cover 211 will rotate around the connection point between it and the second connecting rod 222. Since the ice crushing roller 212 is installed inside the roller mounting cover 211, the rotation of the roller mounting cover 211 will drive the ice crushing roller 212 to rotate. As the ice crushing roller 212 rotates, the flexible rope 2121 on its outer circumference will be thrown out in sequence, and the impact ball 2122 at the end will hit the ice surface in sequence, thereby achieving the effect of breaking the ice layer.

[0039] Understandably, the flexibility of the flexible rope 2121 allows the impact ball 2122 to adapt to different ice thicknesses and hardnesses when impacting the ice surface. For thinner ice layers, the flexible rope 2121 reduces damage to the road surface; for thicker ice layers, the impact ball 2122 provides sufficient impact force for breaking. The two-bar linkage 22 and the drive cylinder 23 enable the ice-crushing drum structure 21 to adjust its angle through the extension and retraction of the third drive cylinder 23 and the rotation of the two-bar linkage 22. This adjustment capability allows the equipment to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the ice-crushing drum 212 according to the thickness and hardness of the ice layer, further improving the adaptability of the equipment.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bucket mechanism 31 includes a bucket body 311, two rotating mechanisms 312, and a lifting mechanism 313, wherein: The bucket body 311 is installed at the front end of the vehicle body 1. It is the main component of the bucket mechanism 31 and is used to collect and remove ice and snow. Two rotating mechanisms 312 are symmetrically installed on both sides between the bucket body 311 and the vehicle body 1, providing the bucket body 311 with lateral rotation capability, so that the bucket body 311 can swing at a certain angle in the horizontal direction to adapt to different road widths or ice and snow accumulation. The lifting mechanism 313 is rotatably connected to the bucket body 311 and the vehicle body 1 and is located between the two rotating mechanisms 312. The lifting mechanism 313 is used to control the vertical lifting movement of the bucket body 311 in order to adjust the contact height between the bucket body 311 and the road surface.

[0041] During operation, the controller 5 sends control commands to the rotating mechanism 312 and the lifting mechanism 313 based on the ice thickness information fed back by the lidar thickness gauge 4. After receiving the control commands, the rotating mechanism 312 drives the bucket body 311 to rotate horizontally. For example, when clearing a wider road surface, the rotating mechanism 312 can swing the bucket body 311 outward to increase its working range; when clearing a narrower area, the rotating mechanism 312 can swing the bucket body 311 inward to reduce its working range. After receiving the control commands, the lifting mechanism 313 controls the vertical lifting of the bucket body 311. When encountering a thicker ice layer, the lifting mechanism 313 can lower the height of the bucket body 311, allowing the blade mechanism 32 to cut deeper into the ice; when encountering a thinner ice layer or needing to clear snow, the lifting mechanism 313 can appropriately raise the height of the bucket body 311 to avoid excessive removal and damage to the road surface.

[0042] The bucket mechanism 31 works in conjunction with other components such as the ice-crushing component 2 and the blade mechanism 32. The ice-crushing component 2 first breaks the ice layer into smaller pieces. The blade mechanism 32 adjusts its angle according to the instructions of the controller 5 to cut into the ice layer or shovel snow. Then, under the control of the rotation mechanism 312 and the lifting mechanism 313, the bucket body 311 scoops up the ice and snow and collects them into the bucket. During the movement of the vehicle body 1, the bucket mechanism 31 dynamically adjusts its rotation angle and lifting height according to real-time road conditions to ensure the continuity and efficiency of the shoveling operation.

[0043] Thus, through the arrangement of two rotating mechanisms 312 and a lifting mechanism 313, the bucket mechanism 31 possesses the functions of horizontal rotation and vertical lifting. This multi-degree-of-freedom motion capability allows the bucket body 311 to flexibly adjust its working posture to adapt to ice and snow accumulations of different widths and thicknesses.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, each lifting mechanism 313 includes a pair of ear plates 3131, a connecting plate 3132, a rotating plate 3133, and a first driving cylinder 3134, wherein: A pair of ear plates 3131 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the bucket body 311, providing fixed points for subsequent rotation and lifting movements; one side of the connecting plate 3132 fits against the outer side of the bucket body 311, and corresponding through holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate and the ear plates 3131. Pins are installed in the through holes to fix the bucket body 311 and the connecting plate 3132 into an integral structure, ensuring that the bucket body 311 moves synchronously with the connecting plate 3132 during lifting; one end of the rotating plate 3133 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to... On the lower side of the connecting plate 3132, this rotating connection allows the rotating plate 3133 to transmit motion between the vehicle body 1 and the connecting plate 3132, acting as a lever. In this embodiment, the bottom of the first drive cylinder 3134 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating plate 3133. Thus, the first drive cylinder 3134 serves as a power source and can drive the movement of the entire lifting mechanism 313 through telescopic movement. The first drive cylinder 3134 is suitable for driving the bucket body 311 to move up and down through the rotating plate 3133.

[0045] Specifically, when the first drive cylinder 3134 extends or retracts, its extension and retraction motion is transmitted to the middle of the rotating plate 3133. Since one end of the rotating plate 3133 is fixed to the vehicle body 1 and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 3132, the rotating plate 3133 will rotate around its connection point with the vehicle body 1 under the drive of the first drive cylinder 3134; the rotation of the rotating plate 3133 will drive the connecting plate 3132 to move up and down. Since the connecting plate 3132 is fixedly connected to the bucket body 311 by a pin, the bucket body 311 will achieve lifting and lowering motion as the connecting plate 3132 moves up and down; by controlling the extension and retraction length of the first drive cylinder 3134, the lifting and lowering height of the bucket body 311 can be precisely controlled, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the contact height between the bucket body 311 and the road surface.

[0046] Therefore, through the extension and retraction of the first drive cylinder 3134, combined with the lever action of the rotating plate 3133, the lifting height of the bucket body 311 can be precisely controlled. This precise lifting control capability allows the equipment to dynamically adjust the height of the bucket body 311 according to the actual thickness of the ice layer, ensuring that the blade mechanism 32 can accurately cut into the ice layer or shovel snow, thus improving the accuracy of the operation.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 11 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, each rotating mechanism 312 includes a first arcuate arm 3121, a second arcuate arm 3122, and a second drive cylinder 3123, wherein: One end of the first arc-shaped arm 3121 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the connecting plate 3132. An arc-shaped groove 31211 is provided on the side of the first arc-shaped arm 3121 away from the connecting plate 3132. The arc-shaped groove 31211 provides motion guidance and connection point for the second arc-shaped arm 3122 and the second drive cylinder 3123. One end of the second arc-shaped arm 3122 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 3133 and located between the connecting plate 3132 and the first driving cylinder 3134. The other end is rotatably connected to one side of the arc groove 31211 of the first arc-shaped arm 3121 via a pin. This connection method allows the second arc-shaped arm 3122 to slide in the arc groove 31211, while driving the first arc-shaped arm 3121 to move.

[0048] The bottom of the second drive cylinder 3123 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other side of the arc groove 31211 of the first arc arm 3121. The second drive cylinder 3123 is used as a power source to perform telescopic movement to drive the movement of the entire rotating mechanism 312. The second drive cylinder 3123 is adapted to drive the bucket body 311 to rotate through the first arc arm 3121 and the second arc arm 3122.

[0049] For example, when the second drive cylinder 3123 extends or retracts, its extension and retraction motion is transmitted to the other side of the arc groove 31211 of the first arc arm 3121. Since one end of the first arc arm 3121 is fixed to the connecting plate 3132, the first arc arm 3121 can rotate around its connection point with the connecting plate 3132. The rotation of the first arc arm 3121 will cause the second arc arm 3122 to slide in the arc groove 31211. Since the other end of the second arc arm 3122 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 3133, the movement of the second arc arm 3122 will also be transmitted to the rotating plate 3133. The movement of the rotating plate 3133 will eventually drive the connecting plate 3132 and the bucket body 311 to rotate. By controlling the extension and retraction length and direction of the second drive cylinder 3123, the horizontal rotation adjustment of the bucket body 311 can be achieved.

[0050] Therefore, through the extension and retraction of the second drive cylinder 3123, combined with the lever action of the first arc-shaped arm 3121 and the second arc-shaped arm 3122, the rotation angle of the bucket body 311 can be flexibly controlled. This flexible rotation control capability allows the equipment to dynamically adjust the working range of the bucket body 311 according to the road width and the accumulation of ice and snow, improving operational flexibility.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the shovel mechanism 32 includes a shovel blade 321, a shovel shaft 322, a gear transmission structure 323, and a shovel drive motor 324, wherein: The blade 321 is located at the lower part of the opening end of the bucket body 311. The blade 321 is a key component that comes into direct contact with ice and snow and performs shoveling operations. Its shape and material are usually designed according to the needs of shoveling ice and snow to ensure that it can efficiently cut into the ice layer or remove snow. The scraper shaft 322 is located on the back of the scraper blade 321 to support the scraper blade 321 and enable it to rotate. The scraper shaft 322 has rotating mounting holes at both ends, and the two ends of the scraper shaft 322 are rotatably mounted in the two rotating mounting holes, so that the scraper blade 321 can rotate under the drive of the scraper shaft 322.

[0052] The gear transmission structure 323 is located on the outside of the end plate of the bucket body 311. In this embodiment, the gear transmission structure 323 includes a driving gear 3231 and a driven gear 3232 located at the end of the blade shaft 322. The driven gear 3232 meshes with the driving gear 3231 for transmission. The blade drive motor 324 is mounted on the end plate of the bucket body 311, and the drive gear 3231 is connected to the output end of the blade drive motor 324.

[0053] When the blade drive motor 324 starts, its output drives the drive gear 3231 to rotate. The drive gear 3231, through meshing with the driven gear 3232, transmits power to the blade shaft 322. The rotation of the blade shaft 322 drives the blade 321 to rotate around the shaft on its back. The rotation of the blade 321 allows it to cut into the ice or remove snow more effectively, improving removal efficiency. By controlling the speed and direction of rotation of the blade drive motor 324, the rotation speed and angle of the blade 321 can be adjusted to meet different removal needs.

[0054] More specifically, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the shovel blade 321 includes a cutting edge core area, a middle transition area and a base connection area. The cutting edge core area is made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide, the middle transition area is made of high-chromium wear-resistant cast iron, and the base connection area is made of low-carbon alloy structural steel. The intermediate transition zone is also equipped with a vibrator and an electric heating coil, both of which are electrically connected to the controller.

[0055] Therefore, the core area of ​​the cutting edge is made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide. Tungsten carbide cemented carbide has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, which can effectively cut into ice and resist wear, ensuring that the cutting edge remains sharp during long-term operation; the intermediate transition area is made of high-chromium wear-resistant cast iron. High-chromium wear-resistant cast iron has good wear resistance and toughness, which can play a transition role between the core area of ​​the cutting edge and the base connection area, while providing sufficient strength and wear resistance; the base connection area is made of low-carbon alloy structural steel. Low-carbon alloy structural steel has good mechanical properties and machinability, which can be easily connected to the blade shaft 322, while providing sufficient strength and toughness.

[0056] A vibrator generates vibration, and an electric heating coil heats the blade 321. Both are electrically connected to a controller, allowing for precise control based on specific needs. The controller activates the vibrator based on operational requirements, generating high-frequency vibrations that are transmitted to the core of the cutting edge through the intermediate transition zone. This vibration causes the blade 321 to produce minute amplitudes when removing ice and snow, helping the cutting edge cut into the ice more easily and reducing removal resistance. The controller also activates the electric heating coil to heat the blade 321. The heated blade 321 utilizes the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, making it easier for ice to break upon contact with the blade, while simultaneously reducing ice adhesion to the cutting edge and improving removal efficiency.

[0057] More specifically, in specific embodiments of the present invention, the first drive cylinder 3134, the second drive cylinder 3123, and the third drive cylinder 23 are all equipped with spring-loaded energy storage seals (not shown in the figures), and the spring-loaded energy storage seals are located in the gap between the cylinder body and the output shaft. The core component of the spring-loaded energy storage seal is a spring, which can store energy and release it when needed. When the output shaft of the cylinder moves in extension and retraction, the spring will elastically deform according to the movement of the shaft, thereby maintaining a tight contact between the seal and the output shaft.

[0058] Due to the elastic properties of the spring, the spring-storage seal can maintain good sealing performance during the dynamic movement of the output shaft (such as extension, contraction, vibration, etc.). This dynamic adaptability allows the seal to maintain a stable working state under complex operating conditions (such as low temperature, high humidity, high vibration, etc.).

[0059] More specifically, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive integrated snow removal and ice clearing vehicle further includes a fuel generator and a lithium battery for providing power to the vehicle body 1. The lithium battery is adapted to be turned on when the vehicle body 1 is located in an urban area or when operating over short distances, and the fuel generator is adapted to be turned on when the vehicle body 1 is carrying out snow removal tasks or long-distance operations.

[0060] Therefore, by adopting a hybrid integrated solution, equipped with a large-capacity lithium battery and a high-efficiency fuel generator, it can operate purely on electric power in noise-sensitive areas such as urban areas or for short-distance operations, achieving zero emissions and low noise. When performing long-distance and high-intensity snow removal tasks, the hybrid mode automatically starts, with the fuel generator charging the battery and assisting in driving the vehicle, extending the driving range.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism 6 is located at the rear of the vehicle body 1. The de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism 6 includes a mixing tank 61, a stirring drive mechanism 62, and a spiral stirring shaft component 63. The mixing tank 61 is welded and fixed to the rear of the vehicle body 1 through a connecting frame 613. The top of the mixing tank 61 is provided with a loading port 611, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port 612. A solenoid valve (not shown in the figure) is provided at the discharge port 612. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller and is used to control the discharge amount. The stirring drive mechanism 62 is fixedly installed on one side of the mixing tank 61, and the spiral stirring shaft component 63 is rotatably installed inside the mixing tank 61. The stirring drive mechanism 62 and the spiral stirring shaft component 63 are connected in a transmission connection to drive the spiral stirring shaft component 63 to rotate.

[0062] For more details, please refer to Figure 15 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the stirring drive mechanism 62 includes a stirring drive motor 621, a reducer 622, and a chain drive assembly 623. The reducer 622 is fixedly mounted on one side of the mixing chamber 61 via a reducer mounting bracket 6221. The input end of the stirring drive motor 621 and the reducer 622 are connected via a coupling. The chain drive assembly 623 includes a first driving sprocket 6231, a first driven sprocket 6232, a drive chain 6233, and a chain drive housing 6234. The first driving sprocket 6231 is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the reducer 622 via a flat key. The chain drive housing 6234 is fixedly mounted on the mixing chamber 61 and the reducer 622 via bolts. Between them, the first driven sprocket 6232 is fixedly connected to the spiral stirring shaft component 63 via a flat key, the transmission chain 6233 is wound around the first driving sprocket 6231 and the first driven sprocket 6232, and the chain drive housing 6234 is covered on the outside of the first driving sprocket 6231, the first driven sprocket 6232 and the transmission chain 6233, and plays a protective role.

[0063] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 16As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the spiral stirring shaft component 63 includes a stirring shaft 631, spiral blades 632, and mounting bearing seats 633. The mounting bearing seats 633 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the mixing chamber 61 by bolts. The two ends of the stirring shaft 631 are rotatably installed in the mounting bearing seats 633 by bearings. The spiral blades 632 are evenly distributed and integrally connected to the stirring shaft 631. A stirring shaft fixing frame 6311 is provided in the middle of the stirring shaft 631 between the spiral blades 632. The stirring shaft fixing frame 6311 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the mixing chamber 61 to improve the stability of the stirring shaft 631.

[0064] Please see Figure 18 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method for using the adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle as described above, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Drive the snowplow and ice remover to the work area, start the controller, and the controller 5 performs a self-check on the lidar thickness gauge 4, bucket mechanism 31, blade mechanism 32, ice crushing component 2 and de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism 6. Step S2: After the self-test is completed, start the vehicle body 1 to make the snow sweeper and ice remover move forward, and the laser radar thickness gauge 4 collects ice thickness data in real time and transmits it to the controller 5; Step S3: According to the ice thickness data, the controller 5 controls the rotating seat 24 to drive the ice crushing component 2 to rotate to a suitable working angle, and at the same time controls the ice crushing component 2 to descend and start, so as to crush the ice layer. Step S4: After the ice layer is broken, the controller 5 controls the rotating seat 24 to drive the ice breaking component 2 to rotate to the rear or side of the snow sweeper and ice remover, and controls the blade mechanism 32 to dynamically adjust the cutting angle and height. The bucket mechanism 31 works with the blade mechanism 32 to scoop up and collect the ice and snow. Step S5: According to the operation requirements, the controller 5 starts the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism 6, mixes the de-icing agent and then evenly spreads it onto the working road surface through the discharge port; Step S6: During the operation, the controller 5 continuously receives real-time data from the lidar thickness gauge 4 and dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each component until the snow removal and ice clearing of the work area is completed.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive integrated snow sweeping and ice removal vehicle, characterized in that, include: Vehicle body; An ice-crushing component is rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body via a rotating seat, which is adapted to drive the ice-crushing component to rotate circumferentially to any position. A bucket component is disposed at the front end of the vehicle body and located below the ice-crushing component. The bucket component includes a bucket mechanism rotatably disposed at the front end of the vehicle body and a blade mechanism rotatably connected to the bottom of the front end of the bucket mechanism. The blade mechanism is adapted to dynamically adjust its angle to cut into the ice layer or shovel snow. A de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism is located at the rear of the vehicle body. The de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism is suitable for storing, mixing, and evenly spreading the de-icing agent onto the working surface. A lidar thickness gauge is installed on the top front side of the bucket mechanism, and the lidar thickness gauge is suitable for real-time detection of ice thickness. The controller is electrically connected to the lidar thickness gauge, the bucket mechanism, the blade mechanism, the ice crushing component, and the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism, respectively.

2. The adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating base includes a support base, a connecting shaft, a bearing housing, an active drive assembly, and a vertical central rotating shaft assembly. The support base is fixedly installed on the front end of the upper surface of the vehicle body. The bearing housing is fixedly connected to the support base via the connecting shaft. The bearing housing has an upper mounting hole and a lower mounting hole. The upper mounting hole has an upper bearing mounting hole, and the lower mounting hole has a lower bearing mounting hole. The vertical central rotating shaft assembly is rotatably installed in the upper and lower bearing mounting holes via bearings. The active drive assembly is drively connected to the vertical central rotating shaft assembly. The ice crushing component is fixedly installed on the vertical central rotating shaft assembly. The active drive assembly is adapted to drive the vertical central rotating shaft assembly to rotate circumferentially on the bearing housing, thereby driving the ice crushing component to rotate circumferentially.

3. The adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active drive assembly includes a rotary drive motor and an active drive gear. The rotary drive motor is fixedly mounted on the bearing housing via a motor mount, and the active drive gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the rotary drive motor. The vertical center rotating shaft assembly includes a vertical rotating shaft, two tapered roller bearings, a shaft locking nut, a driven gear, a gear connecting plate, and a copper sleeve. The two tapered roller bearings are respectively installed in the upper bearing mounting hole and the lower bearing mounting hole. The vertical rotating shaft is vertically rotatable through the tapered roller bearings and passes through the bearing housing. The bottom end of the vertical rotating shaft is axially locked to the bearing housing by the shaft locking nut. The driven gear is sleeved on the top end of the vertical rotating shaft and is located directly above the bearing housing. The driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The gear connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the driven gear by bolts. The copper sleeve is sleeved on the gear connecting plate, the driven gear, and the vertical rotating shaft and is located on the surface of the gear connecting plate.

4. The adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism includes a mixing tank, a stirring drive mechanism, and a spiral stirring shaft assembly. The mixing tank is fixedly installed at the rear of the vehicle body. The mixing tank has a loading port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom. The mixing tank is fixedly connected to the vehicle body via a connecting frame. The stirring drive mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the mixing tank. The spiral stirring shaft assembly is rotatably installed inside the mixing tank. The stirring drive mechanism is driven by the spiral stirring shaft assembly to drive the spiral stirring shaft assembly to rotate inside the mixing tank.

5. The adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stirring drive mechanism includes a stirring drive motor, a reducer, and a chain drive assembly. The reducer is fixedly installed on one side of the mixing chamber via a reducer mounting bracket, and the stirring drive motor is connected to the input end of the reducer. The chain drive assembly includes a first driving sprocket, a first driven sprocket, a drive chain, and a chain drive housing. The first driving sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the reducer, and the chain drive housing is fixedly installed between the mixing chamber and the reducer. The first driven sprocket is fixedly connected to the spiral stirring shaft component, and the drive chain is wound around the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket. The chain drive housing covers the outside of the first driving sprocket, the first driven sprocket, and the drive chain.

6. The adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral stirring shaft component includes a stirring shaft, spiral blades, and mounting bearing seats. The mounting bearing seats are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the mixing chamber. The two ends of the stirring shaft are rotatably installed in the mounting bearing seats. The spiral blades are evenly distributed and integrally connected to the stirring shaft. A stirring shaft fixing frame is provided in the middle of the stirring shaft between the spiral blades. The stirring shaft fixing frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mixing chamber.

7. The adaptive integrated snow removal and de-icing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice-crushing component includes an ice-crushing drum structure, a two-bar linkage mechanism, and a third drive cylinder. The ice-crushing drum structure includes a drum mounting cover and an ice-crushing drum rotatably mounted inside the drum mounting cover. Multiple flexible ropes are arranged around the outer circumference of the ice-crushing drum, and an impact ball is fixedly connected to the end of each flexible rope. The two-bar linkage mechanism includes a first link and a second link rotatably connected end-to-end. The end of the first link away from the second link is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the end of the second link away from the first link is rotatably connected to the drum mounting cover. The third drive cylinder includes a third branch drive cylinder and a third branch drive cylinder. The bottom of the third branch drive cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle of the bend in the first link. The bottom of the third branch drive cylinder is rotatably connected to the middle of the bend in the first link, and the other end is rotatably connected to the back of the drum mounting cover.

8. The adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bucket mechanism includes a bucket body, two rotating mechanisms, and a lifting mechanism. The two rotating mechanisms are symmetrically installed on both sides between the bucket body and the vehicle body. The lifting mechanism is rotatably connected to the bucket body and the vehicle body and located between the two rotating mechanisms. The lifting mechanism includes a pair of lugs, a connecting plate, a rotating plate, and a first drive cylinder. The pair of lugs are fixedly connected to the outer side of the bucket body. One side of the connecting plate is fitted against the outer side of the bucket body. Corresponding through holes are provided on both sides of the connecting plate and the lugs, and pins are provided in the through holes. One end of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other end is rotatably connected to the... On the lower side of the connecting plate, the bottom of the first driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating plate; the rotating mechanism includes a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm, and a second driving cylinder. One end of the first arc-shaped arm is rotatably connected to the upper side of the connecting plate, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the side of the first arc-shaped arm away from the connecting plate. One end of the second arc-shaped arm is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to one side of the arc-shaped groove of the first arc-shaped arm through a pin. The bottom of the second driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other side of the arc-shaped groove of the first arc-shaped arm.

9. The adaptive integrated snow sweeping and de-icing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shovel mechanism includes a shovel blade, a shovel shaft, a gear transmission structure, and a shovel drive motor. The shovel blade is located at the lower part of the opening end of the bucket body. The shovel shaft is located on the back of the shovel blade, and its two ends are rotatably installed in the rotating mounting holes of the bucket body. The gear transmission structure includes a driving gear and a driven gear located at the end of the shovel shaft. The driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The shovel drive motor is located on the end plate of the bucket body, and the driving gear is connected to the output end of the shovel drive motor. The shovel blade includes a cutting edge core area, a middle transition area, and a base connection area. The cutting edge core area is made of tungsten carbide hard alloy, the middle transition area is made of high-chromium wear-resistant cast iron, and the base connection area is made of low-carbon alloy structural steel. The middle transition area also includes a vibrator and an electric heating coil, both of which are electrically connected to the controller.

10. A method for operating an adaptive integrated snowplow and de-icing vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Drive the snowplow and ice remover to the work area, start the controller, and the controller will perform a self-check on the lidar thickness gauge, bucket mechanism, blade mechanism, ice crushing parts and de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism; Step S2: After the self-test is completed, start the vehicle to make the snow sweeper and ice remover move forward. The laser radar thickness gauge collects ice thickness data in real time and transmits it to the controller. Step S3: Based on the ice thickness data, the controller controls the rotating seat to rotate the ice-crushing component to a suitable working angle, and at the same time controls the ice-crushing component to descend and start, so as to crush the ice layer; Step S4: After the ice layer is broken, the controller controls the rotating seat to drive the ice-breaking component to rotate to the rear or side of the snow sweeper and ice remover, and controls the blade mechanism to dynamically adjust the cutting angle and height. The bucket mechanism works with the blade mechanism to scoop up and collect the ice and snow. Step S5: According to the operation requirements, the controller starts the de-icing agent mixing and loading mechanism, mixes the de-icing agent and then evenly spreads it onto the working road surface through the discharge port; Step S6: During the operation, the controller continuously receives real-time data from the lidar thickness gauge and dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each component until the snow removal and de-icing of the work area is completed.

Images